Unit 31 Criteria 4-3

8/3/2019 Unit 31 Criteria 4-3

1/46

Click to edit Master subtitle style

5/2/12

Unit 31: E-businessOperations


2/46

5/2/12

Learning Outcomes

4-3 Examine the support of logisticsservices and international trade throughuse of the internet


3/46

5/2/12

Topics

Review of Last session

Lecture Logistics and support services


4/46


5/2/12

Review of Last Session


5/46

5/2/12

Topics Discussed

Recruitment and

Communication


6/46


5/2/12

Examine the support of logistics

services and international tradethrough use of the internet

CRITERIA 4-3


7/46

5/2/12

Logistics and SupportServices

the role of logistics services (transport, storage,warehousing and distribution) and how the internet can beused to communicate information (availability, delivery,invoices) and the flow of demand information to back up thesupply chain;

the additional information needed to support internationaltrade, both within and outside the Country, and

use of the internet forwarding, customs, transport andshipping, bills-of-lading or airway-bills and payment

knowledge management and transfer, e-learning


8/46

5/2/12 88

Introduction Billions will be spent on Internet Based Logistics Systems. Average Annual B2C market $7.7 to $28 Billion Average Annual B2B market $2.1 to $81 Billion (01-05)

If growth is to be maintained (as we now know) efficientlogistics systems have to be in place. Investments in e-logistics will also be great


9/46

5/2/12 99

Background

E-Logistics Technology (examples)The personal computerElectronic data interchange (EDI) among carriers, shippers and customers

Barcoding and scanningAdvance ship notices (ASNs)Shipment and package tracking systemsSatellite global positioning systems (GPS) and geographic information systems (GIS)The World Wide WebThe Internet, intranets and extranetsWeb-enabled relational databases, data warehouses and data martsDecision support systemsElectronic signature technologyWireless technologyEnterprise resource planning systems


10/46

5/2/12

E-logistics and Supply Chain

Logistics is concerned with the flow of materials in the supply chain,from source through the industrial process to the customer, and thenon to re-use, re-cycle, or disposal.

By coordinating all resources, logistics have to ensure that servicelevel agreements with customers are honored.

E-logistics is defined to be the mechanism of automating thelogistics processes and providing an integrated, end-to-endfulfillment and supply chain management service to the players oflogistics processes.

Those logistics processes that are automated by e-logistics providesupply chain visibility and can be part of existing e-commerce orworkflow systems in an enterprise.


11/46

5/2/12

E-logistics Processes

The typical e-logistics processesinclude

Request For Quotes (RFQ), Warehousing and Storage Shipping, and

Distribution Tracking


12/46

5/2/12

Specific uses of internet inlogistics

forwarding, customs, transport and shipping, bills-of-lading or airway-bills and payment


13/46

5/2/12

Using internet for logistics

availability, delivery, invoices and the flow of demand information


14/46

5/2/12 1414

Forward E-Logistics

Procurement Email, EDI and XML linkages aiding procurement

Savings: Ideally reduce all paper driventransactions (Romm, 2000). Costs: (general issue with all technology)

energy costs because of technology (Mills 2000, 2001). Electronic Hardware


15/46

5/2/12 1515

Forward E-Logistics

Inventory and Warehousing Postponement less inventory due to quick speed of information

(JIT) Aggregation and centralization of warehousing/inventory

do not need to be next to customer + less waste, energy to run additional locations

- additional transportation costs

Information integration substitution of durable goods withinformation better efficiency less bullwhip effect.


16/46

5/2/12 1616

Forward E-Logistics

Transportation and Delivery Management Transportation exchanges allow for more efficient carrier

management Transportation costs may increase due to centralized

warehousing Services and electronic (software/music) goods are easily

delivered.

Packaging and Order Management Marketing with fancy packaging less necessary Have more flexibility in packaging


17/46

5/2/12 1717

Reverse E-Logistics

By definition is an environmentally conscious practice,bringing back disposed products, components, waste intosystem.

Returns due to warranties, customer service,

competitiveness issues are all increasing reverselogistics.

Major RL activities: gatekeeping, collection, sortation anddisposition


18/46

5/2/12 1818

Product/ProcessDesign

Raw andVirgin

Material

NewComponents

and Parts

Recycled,Reused

Material andParts

Vendors

Selection

ExternalTransportation

Storage

InventoryManagement

Internal Transportation ,Materials Movement

Fabrication

Assembly

Closed-Loop Manufacturing,Demanufacturing ,Source Reduction

Storage

Distribution,ForwardLogistics

USE

Purchasing,Materials

Management,InboundLogistics

Production

OutboundLogistics

Disposal

Waste Waste Waste

Location Analysis,Inventory Management,

WarehousingTransportation

Packaging

MarketingEngineering

Reverse Logistics

Reusable,Remanufacturable,

Recyclable Materialsand Components

Waste

Figure 1: Materials, Product and Information Flow. Forward and Reverse Logistics, Adapted FromSarkis, 2001.

Flow of demand / Supply Chain


19/46

5/2/12

International Trade

International trade is the exchange ofgoods and services between countries.

This type of trade gives rise to a worldeconomy, in which prices, or supply anddemand, affect and are affected by global

events.


20/46

5/2/12


21/46

5/2/12


22/46

5/2/12


23/46

5/2/12


24/46

5/2/12


25/46

5/2/12


26/46

5/2/12

PKI

Public Key Infrastructure set of hardware, software, people, policies,

and procedures needed to create, manage,

distribute, use, store, and revoke digitalcertificates.


27/46

5/2/12


28/46

5/2/12

Bill of Lading

A legal document between the shipper of aparticular good and the carrier detailing the type,quantity and destination of the good beingcarried.

The bill of lading also serves as a receipt ofshipment when the good is delivered to thepredetermined destination.

This document must accompany the shipped

goods, no matter the form of transportation, andmust be signed by an authorized representativefrom the carrier, shipper and receiver.


29/46

5/2/12


30/46

5/2/12


31/46

5/2/12


32/46

5/2/12


33/46

5/2/12


34/46

5/2/12


35/46

5/2/12


36/46

5/2/12


37/46

5/2/12


38/46

5/2/12


39/46

5/2/12

Knowledge Management

range of strategies and practices used inan organization to identify, create,represent, distribute, and enable adoption

of insights and experiences. Such insights and experiences

comprise knowledge, either embodied inindividuals or embedded in organizations

as processes or practices.


40/46

5/2/12

Knowledge Management Basic Rules

A collection of data is not information. A collection of information is not

knowledge.

A collection of knowledge is not wisdom. A collection of wisdom is not truth.

Neil Fleming


41/46

5/2/12

KM Diagram


42/46

5/2/12

KM Summary

Information relates to description,definition, or perspective (what, who,when, where).

Knowledge comprises strategy, practice,method, or approach (how).

Wisdom embodies principle, insight,

moral, or archetype (why).


43/46

5/2/12

Value of KM

The value of Knowledge Managementrelates directly to the effectiveness withwhich the managed knowledge enables

the members of the organization to dealwith today's situations and effectivelyenvision and create their future.


44/46

5/2/12

KM and E-Commerce/ Logistics

Amount of information that is contained withineach business transaction.

Why and What : Trending

Input all data, information, and knowledge of thefront line people (sales, customer service,maintenance, and the customers themselves)combine it with their own expertise in product

planning. Prediction of sales with utmost efficiency


45/46

5/2/12

References

Investopedia.com Wto.org Ita.doc..gov

Statcan.can Intracen.org/tradstat B2bexchanges.com

Worldtradmag.com Marinade.ltd.uk


46/46

End of Session

See you next meeting

Documents

Unit 31 Criteria 4-3