Unit 3 Test Review #1

Try to picture celery that has been sitting in blue colored water for a couple days. The leaves on top of the stalk have turned blue. What water property allows this to occur?

1. Capillary action2. Surface tension3. Density4. Specific heat

Which of the following statements is most TRUE about salt water.

It is

less d

ense

than

f...

It is

more den

se th

an...

It ha

s the s

ame d

ensi.

.

It ha

s no de

nsity

0% 0%0%0%

1. It is less dense than fresh water

2. It is more dense than fresh water

3. It has the same density of fresh water

4. It has no density30

Deep-ocean technology, like sonar and submersibles, have enabled scientists to learn more about

Surface

plan

kton

Fish liv

ing in co

ral re

efs

Hydrotherm

al ve

nts

Inter

tidal

zone

0% 0%0%0%

1. Surface plankton2. Fish living in coral

reefs3. Hydrothermal vents4. Intertidal zone

30

What is the #1 contributor to problems along a shoreline?

Animals

overp

opulat

ing

Human ac

tivity

Lack o

f sun

light

Incre

ased

air te

mper...

0% 0%0%0%

1. Animals overpopulating

2. Human activity3. Lack of sunlight4. Increased air

temperatures

30

When it rains, a portion of the water seeps into the ground to replenish the Earth's _______________.

Unsaturat

ed zo

ne

Ground

water

Wate

r tab

le

Permea

bility

0% 0%0%

100%

1. Unsaturated zone2. Groundwater3. Water table4. Permeability

However, most of it flows downhill washing off streets, lawns, construction sites, and farms. This water is called _______________ and will unfortunately carry oil, gas, pesticides, chemicals, etc. to streams and rivers.

Gro

undwate

r

Point sou

rce po

llutio

n

Runoff

Toxic

0% 4%

88%

8%

1. Groundwater2. Point source

pollution3. Runoff4. Toxic

If an ecologist is using a Secchi Disc to measure the clarity of the water, what is he measuring?

pH

Dissolve

d oxygen

turb

idity

tempera

ture

0% 4%

96%

0%

1. pH2. Dissolved

oxygen3. turbidity4. temperature

A paperclip is floating in a bowl on top of water. Which of the following properties of water helps keep the paperclip from sinking?

Surface

tens

ion

Solubility

Capilla

ry ac

tion

Densit

y

79%

18%

4%0%

1. Surface tension2. Solubility3. Capillary action4. Density

Sonar measures ocean depth by means of

Weig

hted l

ines

Light w

aves

Sound w

aves

Mag

nets

0%7%

86%

7%

1. Weighted lines2. Light waves3. Sound waves4. Magnets

It was discovered that gasoline was leaking from one of Exxon’s underground storage tanks in a nearby area. Because the pollution could be identified as belonging to Exxon, it is called _______________pollution.

Point sou

rce

Non-point s

ource

Run-off

Iden

tifiab

le

92%

4%0%4%

1. Point source 2. Non-point source 3. Run-off4. Identifiable

If you took a sample of water from a stream and it had a lot of macroinvertebrates that are very sensitive to pollution, what might you imply?

The wate

r is ve

ry he

a...

The wate

r has

some p

...

The stre

am is

heavil

y...

There is

not enough

i...

100%

0%0%0%

1. The water is very healthy.

2. The water has some pollution.

3. The stream is heavily polluted.

4. There is not enough information to make an assessment.

Many fisheries are located in areas where water is full of nutrients from the deep because it has been moved to the surface naturally. What process moves water from the deep ocean to the surface?

Upwell

ing

Downwell

ing

El Niño

Riptid

es

100%

0%0%0%

1. Upwelling2. Downwelling3. El Niño4. Riptides

One of the ocean’s natural resources that you do not eat but is extremely important in your survival due to the oxygen it produces is

Ben

thos

Nekton

Phytoplan

kton

Zooplankto

n

4% 4%

89%

4%

1. Benthos2. Nekton3. Phytoplankton4. Zooplankton

In order for organisms to survive in the deep ocean, they must have special features that allow them to capture food, attract a mate, or escape predation. Which of the following would be an adaptation for a deep sea organism?

Big eyes

Small m

ouths

Ability t

o glow in th

e ...

Tiny sh

arp te

eth

8%0%

92%

0%

1. Big eyes2. Small mouths 3. Ability to glow in

the dark 4. Tiny sharp teeth

What saltwater habitat is endangered due to pollution and fishing practices?

Man

grove

fore

sts

Salt m

arsh

es

Coral

reefs

Kelp

fores

ts

19%

0%

67%

14%

1. Mangrove forests 2. Salt marshes 3. Coral reefs 4. Kelp forests

_______________pollution is responsible for most water pollution because its source is hard to find, scattered or widespread.

Point sou

rce

Non-point s

ource

Run-off

Iden

tifiab

le

0% 0%0%

100%

1. Point source2. Non-point source3. Run-off4. Identifiable

If benthos are crawlers, how could nekton be described?

1. Drifters2. Motionless3. Swimmers4. Floaters

The highest point of an aquifer is called what? Wells have to be dug below this point to guarantee water.

Wate

r tab

le

Saturat

ed zo

ne

Permea

ble ro

ck

Imperm

eable

rock

56%

16%

28%

0%

1. Water table2. Saturated zone3. Permeable rock4. Impermeable

rock

Which unique property allows water to form droplets?

Adhesion

Cohesion

Capilla

ry ac

tion

Solubility

18%

0%5%

77%

1. Adhesion2. Cohesion3. Capillary action4. Solubility

20. Which cycle is demonstrated here?

Nitrogen

cycle

Wate

r cyc

le

Krebs c

ycle

O2—

CO2 cyc

le

14%

86%

0%0%

respiration

photosynthesis

1. Nitrogen cycle2. Water cycle3. Krebs cycle4. O2—CO2 cycle

Nitrogen is critical to all organisms because it allows them to build proteins which help them grow and function. Unfortunately the nitrogen in the atmosphere is useless to organisms. What statement best describes how organisms obtain the much needed nitrogen?

Plants

make n

itroge

...

Bacter

ia fix

es nitro

ge...

Nitrogen

compound

...

None of th

e abo

ve.

5% 0%0%

95%1. Plants make nitrogen compounds on their own and pass them to everything that eats it.

2. Bacteria fixes nitrogen from air/waste so it can be cycled through plants and animals.

3. Nitrogen compounds can only be converted by lightning.

4. None of the above.

Water is said to be sticky because of its unequal sharing of electrons or

Solubility

Condu

ctivit

y

Neg

ativit

y

Polarity

4%

83%

8%4%

1. Solubility2. Conductivity3. Negativity4. Polarity

How are bioindicators used to assess the health of a stream?

Check l

iving th

ings f..

See w

hat sp

ecies

are..

.

Populatio

n stud

ies

All of th

e above

0%

81%

5%14%

1. Check living things for mutations

2. See what species are present

3. Population studies 4. All of the above

Where would you expect to find ocean organisms that are able to survive out of water and withstand drastic changes in salinity?

Inter

tidal

zone

Coral re

efs

Deep zo

ne

Thermocli

ne

74%

21%

0%5%

1. Intertidal zone2. Coral reefs3. Deep zone4. Thermocline

What law is the most important legislation that protects water quality (especially with respect to point-source pollution)?

Res

ource

Conse

rvat...

Wild

life Pre

serva

tion A

ct

Nati

onal

Water Q

ualit...

Clea

n Wate

r Act

0%

100%

0%0%

1. Resource Conservation and Recovery Act

2. Wildlife Preservation Act

3. National Water Quality Act

4. Clean Water Act

Which of the following is a true statement?

Air pollu

tion ...

Acid ra

in lowe..

.

Photosynthe

sis...

Decompos

ition ...

26%

0%0%

74%1. Air pollution raises the

pH of a stream. 2. Acid rain lowers the pH

of a stream. 3. Photosynthesis lowers

the pH of a stream.4. Decomposition raises

the pH of a stream.

Water covers almost three-quarters of the Earth’s surface. What percentage of that water is salt water?

3% 50%

71%

97%

0%

89%

11%0%

1. 3%2. 50%3. 71%4. 97%

Just like many states across America, North Carolina has its fair share of challenges when it comes to fresh water. What are some issues North Carolina faces specifically?

Drought

Fertiliz

er ru

noff

Non-point s

ource pol...

All of th

e above

0%

84%

0%16%

1. Drought2. Fertilizer runoff3. Non-point source

pollution4. All of the above

Which unique property of water prevents the oceans from freezing over?

Adhesion

Cohesion

Capilla

ry ac

tion

Specific

heat

5%

95%

0%0%

1. Adhesion2. Cohesion3. Capillary action4. Specific heat

The land that water flows across or through on its way to a stream, river, or wetland is called a(n) _______________. They are named for the larger local body of water they drain into.

Estuary

Stream

Draina

ge Bas

in

Aquifer

0% 0%0%0%

1. Estuary2. Stream3. Drainage Basin4. Aquifer

30

Fresh water organisms that live in a lake or pond can survive throughout the winter because of water’s unique behavior with respect to _______________. A layer of ice will actually float on top of the water’s surface to insulate and protect all the organisms below it…keeping them safe and able to swim throughout the winter.

Salinity

Den

sity

Specific

Hea

t

Adhes

ion

0% 0%0%0%

1. Salinity2. Density3. Specific Heat4. Adhesion

30

About 1/5 of the people in the U.S. get their fresh water from _______________ (s) deep underground in a bed of sand or gravel a few meters thick.

Aquifer

Unsa

turated

laye

r

Wate

r tab

le

Springs

0% 0%0%0%

1. Aquifer2. Unsaturated layer3. Water table4. Springs

30

Water falling on a _______________ flows into the drainage basins on either side of it. It separates or distinguishes one drainage basin from the next.

Valley

Shift

Divide

Crater

0% 0%0%0%

1. Valley2. Shift3. Divide4. Crater

30

_______________ rock prevents water from sinking further down in a groundwater system.

Saturat

ed

Unsaturat

ed

Permea

ble

Imperm

eable

0% 0%0%0%

1. Saturated2. Unsaturated3. Permeable4. Impermeable

30

The body of water where fresh and salt water mix together is called a(n)

Lake

River

Oce

an

Estuary

0% 0%0%0%

1. Lake2. River3. Ocean4. Estuary

30

Where is most of the fresh water on Earth?

Trapped

in ic

e.

In our m

any l

akes

.

In th

e oce

an’s.

Undergro

und in aq

uif...

0% 0%0%0%

1. Trapped in ice. 2. In our many lakes. 3. In the ocean’s.4. Underground in

aquifers.

30

Municipal (public) water sometimes comes from pumping water out of an aquifer. Where is the water held in the aquifer before it is pumped out?

In im

permea

ble...

Undergrou

nd ri...

In th

e wate

r t...

In sa

turated

, ...

0% 0%0%0%

30

1. In impermeable rock deep down

2. Underground rivers 3. In the water table 4. In saturated,

permeable rock formations

Which is considered the universal solvent?

Wate

r

Bleach O

il

Soap

0% 0%0%0%

1. Water2. Bleach3. Oil4. Soap

30

Estuaries are valuable resources for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:

Its gr

asse

s pro

vide .

..

They ac

t as a

natural

f...

You can dump yo

ur t..

.

0% 0%0%

1. Its grasses provide a habitat (home) to many organisms.

2. They act as a natural filter to pollutants from run-off so they don’t enter the ocean.

3. You can dump your trash and hazardous waste materials there without penalty/fines. 30

Which of the following is an example of a biotic factor:

The sun

Wate

r

Gras

s

Oxy

gen

0% 0%0%0%

1. The sun2. Water3. Grass4. Oxygen

30

What would most likely be a limiting factor in a rabbit population?

An incr

ease

in...

An incr

ease

in...

A decrea

se in

...

An incr

ease

in...

0% 0%0%0%

1. An increase in its predator population

2. An increase in grass population

3. A decrease in available sunlight

4. An increase in available water

30

Which of the following is true about the flow of energy in an ecosystem?

Gree

n plants

a...

A very

small

a...

Consumers

pass..

.

Decompos

ers ge

...

0% 0%0%0%

1. Green plants are the only organisms than can produce their own energy.

2. A very small amount of energy is passed from one organism to the next.

3. Consumers pass on energy to producers, which pass it to decomposers.

4. Decomposers get their energy directly from sunlight. 30

In which organelle does cellular respiration take place?

mito

chond

ria

nucleus

chlor

oplas

t

riboso

mes

0% 0%0%0%

1. mitochondria2. nucleus3. chloroplast4. ribosomes

30

What life process takes place in the chloroplasts of producers?

digesti

on

excre

tion

cellu

lar re

spi...

photosynth

esis

0% 0%0%0%

1. digestion2. excretion3. cellular respiration4. photosynthesis

30

In the Chesapeake Bay, the oyster population has declined to less than 1% of its original number. Since then, the water has become heavily polluted and many ecosystems have declined as a result. What can you infer is the oyster’s niche?

Oys

ters a

ct as

...

Oys

ters a

re th...

Oys

ters a

re re.

..

0% 0%0%

1. Oysters act as a giant filter, so when their population declines, they can’t “clean” the water.

2. Oysters are the basis of the food chain…providing energy to every level of consumer.

3. Oysters are responsible for removal of salt from the water and preventing excess salinity in the bay.

30

In the Chesapeake Bay, the oyster population has declined to less than 1% of its original number. Since then, the water has become heavily polluted and many ecosystems have declined as a result. What can you infer is the oyster’s niche?

Oys

ters a

ct as

...

Oys

ters a

re th...

Oys

ters a

re re.

..

0% 0%0%

1. Oysters act as a giant filter, so when their population declines, they can’t “clean” the water.

2. Oysters are the basis of the food chain…providing energy to every level of consumer.

3. Oysters are responsible for removal of salt from the water and preventing excess salinity in the bay.

30

Which of the following correctly identifies a food chain from the picture?

0% 0%0%0%

1. Heronfishalgae2. Diatomszooplankton

frogsnake3. Bacteriasnailfish

heron4. Grassduckfrog

30

Which of the following correctly identifies an interconnection between a terrestrial and aquatic food web?

0% 0%0%0%

1. Algaesnailfish2. Diatomszooplankton

fish3. GrasshopperBird4. Grassgrasshopper

duck

30