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The American Revolution (1775-1783)
When American colonists fought for their independence from Great Britain
Origins of the American Revolution
Colonists were influenced by….
Religious freedom
Legacy of the Glorious Revolution
Enlightenment philosophers (John Locke)
Origins of the American Revolution
Colonists objected to the British government’s imposing new taxes with out their consent, “taxation without representation”
American Revolution Declaration of Independence-written by
Thomas Jefferson, applied Enlightenment ideas
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A_56cZGRMx4
American Revolution U.S. Constitution—established a stable
republican government with separated powers and a system of checks and balances (Montesquieu)
Impact of American Revolution Success of American Revolution is
going to encourage the outbreak of other revolutions
French Revolution Independence movement in Latin
America http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=TB2N9Iqpbbk&feature=related
Causes of the French Revolution Inequality among Estates (social
classes)
1st estate (clergy) 2nd estate (nobles) 3rd estate (bourgeoisie, peasants)
Severe financial crisis
American Rev, Population growth, Bad harvests
Spread of enlightenment ideas questioned traditions and privileges
Main Events of the French Revolution Louis XVI summoned the Estates
General (clergy, nobles, commoners) to vote on new taxes for the nobles
Third Estate declared itself a National Assembly
Main Events of the French RevolutionCitizens storm the
Bastille (feared monarchy retaliation)
National Assembly:
-issues the Declaration of the Rights of Man
-abolished hereditary privileges
-created Constitutional Monarchy
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TB2N9Iqpbbk&feature=related
Main Events of the French Revolution King Louis XVI refused to cooperate Convention overthrows and executes
Louis XVI in 1793
The Revolution Takes a Radical Turn Robespierre launched revolutionary
Reign of Terror against all dissenters Radical leaders are later executed The Revolution “devoured its own
children”…
Impact of French Revolution
Challenged the idea of divine right and noble privilege in Europe
Removed feudal restrictions from French Economy
Bourgeoisie has political power not king and nobles (Democratic Govt and social equality)
American and French Rev serves as models for citizens wanting political change
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wXsZbkt0yqo
The Age of Napoleon“ Is it because they are lucky that they become great? No, but by
being great, they have been able to master luck.”
Napoleon Bonaparte
The Rise of Napoleon Napoleonic Code combined traditional laws with
principles of the Revolution—all citizens equal before the law, individuals choose
profession, religious toleration, abolish serfdom and feudal system
* established efficient bureaucracy based on merit (rise of new French nobility)
--Napoleon also consolidated power, limited free speech, and restored slavery
PRESERVER OF REV OR TYRANT?
* Introduced French Rev ideas to other European countries
The Rise of Napoleon Conquered most of Europe, but spreads
anti-French feelings and nationalism www.youtube.com/watch?v=ttLXTlcgYV4
The Fall of Napoleon Attacked Russia but invasion ended in
defeat Army is then defeated by a coalition of
European rulers
The Impact of Napoleon France—law code that promoted social
equality, religious toleration, trial by jury
Europe—Introduced ideals of French Rev to rest of Europe (ending serfdom)
World—Growth of Nationalism, weakened Spain (loss of colonies), Louisiana Purchase to US
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fOki3qAZe4g&list=UUAiABuhVSMZJMqyv4Ur5XqA&index=4
Restoring the Old Order Congress of Vienna (1814-1815)
-- restored monarchs (legitimacy)
--established a “balance of power”, to prevent any country from being dominant
Restoring the Old Order (1815-1848)
European leaders (Metternich) crush revolutions and rising nationalist spirit throughout Europe
Restoring the Old Order (1815-1848)
William Wilberforce—English Reformer
--led fight to abolish slavery and slave trade in England
--gets slavery abolished in France, Spain, and all whole of British Empire
The Independence of Latin America Enlightenment ideas Success of American Rev Outbreak of French Rev
--all seek to encourage Latin American leaders to seek independence
The Road to Independence Free blacks and slaves of Haiti (Touissant
L’Ouverture) rebelled
--Haiti first Latin American colony to achieve independence
The Road to Independence
When France occupied Spain during Napoleonic Wars, Latin American colonies governed themselves
In 1814, King of Spain tried to impose old restrictions on commerce of Latin America
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fWwKSvz0UIs&feature=related
The Road to Independence
Latin American leaders fight Spain and gain independence
--Simon Bolivar (Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia)
--Jose de San Martin (Argentina, Chile)
Study Resources Crash Course World History
American Revolutionhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=HlUiSBXQHCw&list=PLBDA2E52FB1EF80C9&index=28
French Revolutionhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=lTTvKwCylFY&list=PLBDA2E52FB1EF80C9
Latin American Revolutionshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZBw35Ze3bg8
French Revolution Acrostic--In groups of no more than three you will create an
acrostic poem explaining and summarizing the important events and people of the French Revolution
Step 1) Write French Revolution vertically and create a poem using each letter as the beginning of a line
Step 2) include an explanation or summary of the following information in your poem (Louis XVI, Robespierre, Napoleon, Marie Antoinette, Reign of Terror, National Assembly, Estates-General, Declaration of the Rights of Man, Committee of Public Safety)
Step 3) Answer the following question within your poem, Was the French Revolution a success or a failure
American Revolution
Old Regime (Monarchy)
French Revolution
Napoleon
Important People:
Summary:
Results:
American Revolution
Old Regime (Monarchy)
French Revolution
Napoleon
Important People:Thomas JeffersonG. WashingtonJohn Locke, Montesquieu
Louis XVIMarie Antoinette
RobespierreDantonMarat
Napoleon Duke of Wellington
Summary:Colonists influenced by the enlightenment and opposed to taxation without representation fought and won a revolution against England.
Louis XVI bankrupt France by spending on foreign conflicts and royal life, angered citizens with heavy taxes and unfair representation
Inequality among the estates, financial crisis, enlightenment ideas leads to overthrow of social order and beginning of new government by the people based on terror
Emperor of France who seized power and spread French rev ideals throughout Europe by conquest and law system, later defeated and exiled
Results: Dec of Ind, ConstitutionEncouraged other revolutions in France and Latin America
Bankruptcy of France, Angered the people of France, Showed that absolute monarchies must be replaced with govt’s by the people
Dec of Rights of man, Execution of Monarchy, Reign of terror, Proof that people can change their governments
Napoleonic Code, Spread of French Ideals through the rest of Europe, return of monarchies to most of europe