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Unifying Smart Grid Communications using SIP
Joe DiAdamo, P.Eng.Chief Technologist, Smart GridSiemens Enterprise Communications
Sept 1, 2009
…One of, I think, the most important infrastructure projects that we need is a whole new electricity grid… And we're going to have to have a smart grid…President Barack Obama, Oct 30, 2008
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Many Applications Drive Smart Grid Requirements
New Electricity Economy
Smart SCADA
Substation Automation
Virtual Power Plant Smart Metering
DemandResponse
Distribution Automation
Outage Mgmt
Mobile WorkforceCommunication
PEV
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Communication Systems Enable the Smart Grid
Source: National Energy Technology Laboratory – The Modern Grid Strategy
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The Need for Open Communication Platforms
Why Open Communications Platforms
Cost-effectiveness Multiple applications on shared infrastructure increase return on investment
Future-proof Keep pace with rapidly evolvingtechnology and political landscape,migrate to emerging standards
Path to InteroperabilityOpen interfaces support interoperability
IP-based Network
Broadest availabletechnology base
Attracts innovatorsto build applications
Naturally interoperable
Proven track-recordof successfulindustry-specificadoption
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Open Smart Grid Communications Architecture
HomeBuilding Distribution Grid Transmission Grid Corporate Partners
Customers
Operations Network CorporateNetwork Extranet
Home /Building
Area Network
NeighborhoodArea Network
AccessNetwork
BackhaulNetwork
CoreNetwork
Extranets
S\SM
Sec Sec
Sec Security Demarcation Point M Meter S\S Substation
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Broad Range of Connectivity Technologies
HomeBuilding Distribution Grid Transmission Grid Corporate Partners
Customers
Operations Network CorporateNetwork Extranet
Home /Building
Area Network
NeighborhoodArea Network
AccessNetwork
BackhaulNetwork
CoreNetwork
Extranets
ZigbeeLoNet
BacNetEthernet
Wi-Fi
PLC, BPLRF MeshCellularWiMAXWi-Fi
BPLWiMAX
Licensed RFUnlicensed RF
FiberWiMAX
Licensed RFUnlicensed RFTelco-provided
EithernetWi-Fi
Telco-provided
S\SM
Sec Sec
Criteria: Geography, Application Scope, Existing Installations
Sec Security Demarcation Point M Meter S\S Substation
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Beyond Connectivity – Key Concerns for Utilities
Cyber Security How to keep the Smart Grid securewith ever evolving cyber threats ?
Costs How to keep costs of deployment andoperations under control ?
ComplexityHow to build the infrastructure outsystematically, across applications ?
Future-proofHow to protect investments against technology evolution ?
Interoperability and StandardsHow to achieve interoperability and migration to upcoming standards ?
SIP-based Network
Session Initiation Protocol
IETF protocol ontop of IP
Most widely usedprotocol for unifiedcommunications
Extensible to devicecommunications
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Session Initiation ProtocolEnabling Device and Workforce Communication
Data Link Layer
Network Layer (IPv4, IPv6)
UDP TCP
SIP
Application Logic
Physical Layer
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NeighborhoodArea Networks
SIP Registrar
Back‐officeSystems
Unified Communications
Core Network,Corporate Network
BackhaulNetwork
AccessNetwork
SIP Proxy
SIP Proxy
...
SIP Proxy
3rd‐Party,Extranet
UA
UA SIP User Agent
Data storage& Analysis
UA
AggregationAccess
Rural
HomeArea
Network
Network Topology – Complex Scenario
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SIP Registrar
Back‐officeSystems
Unified Communications
Core Network,Corporate Network
BackhaulNetwork
AccessNetwork
...
UA
UA SIP User Agent
Access
HomeArea
Network
Network Topology – Simple Scenario
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SIP-enabled Smart GridAlways at the Forefront of Cyber Security Threat Protection
SIP uses leading IP-based security mechanisms such as TLS and IPSec
SIP uses dynamic selection of security mechanism by end-points
SIP maintains security across network borders
SIP is traceable, auditable
Leverage industry updates and advances
Keep pace with your IT security policy, deploy and increase security in stages if required
Support for outsourcing business models as well as 3rd-party participation in Smart Grid
Required by programs such as NERC-CIP, Sarbanes-Oxley
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SIP-enabled Smart GridPath to Interoperability
SIP is designed for interoperability -application-specific protocols are negotiated by end-points using SIP
SIP is designed for extensibility -new functionality is easily integrated
SIP has industry-wide support -IEFT, ETSI, ECMA, etc.
Investment into future-proof technology
SIP is on NIST Smart Grid Roadmap list of technologies to evaluate
Interoperability in a world of many existing standards and protocols
No dead-end road when new use-cases or technologies arise
Investment into emerging Smart Grid standard
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SIP-enabled Smart GridUnique, Extended Feature Set
SIP is designed for Mobility of end-points
SIP has integrated many extensions, such as Geospatial location
SIP proxy servers can serve as relay points for multicast scenarios
E.g. Send price signal to millions of devices simultaneously
SIP allows meters to be connected with multiple entities
Supports and segregates access for utilities, retailers or providers
SIP supports message redirection and forking
Technological basis to support mobile metering in electric cars
Immediately useable by Smart Grid applications, faster time to market
Redundancy, availability3rd-party data sharing
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SIP-enabled Smart GridUnifying Device and Workforce Communications
One infrastructure for all communications along the grid
A common session management protocol for devices and applications
Communication across any IP network
Intranets, extranets, securely across boundaries
Light-weight for embedded devices Home automation, meters, etc.
Mobile Workforce Communications and Collaboration
Lower costs and complexity, higher ROI, single skill set
Discovery/mobility, negotiate security and application protocols
Field crews fully integrated into utility's IP communications and Workforce Automation
