UNIDO Sustainable Industrial Development Programme

8/2/2019 UNIDO Sustainable Industrial Development Programme

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Environmentally SoundEnvironmentally Sound

Industrial DevelopmentIndustrial Development

CleanTechnologies

Environmentalmanagement

Persistent

Organic

Pollutants WaterManagement

Energy


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CLEANER PRODUCTION WORLDWIDE


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- Enhancing the competitiveness and theproductivity of industry

- Promoting sustained social advance in a waycompatible with environmental protection. It

will enhance investment and businesscooperation to diffuse quality and productivityenhancing Environmentally SoundTechnologies (ESTs),

- Providing the national industries with thenecessary tools that will facilitate access tonational and regional markets withenvironmentally sound products andimproving the ability of national enterprises tosuccessfully negotiate their position in theglobal markets.

Focus on sector:

Focus on

specific services:


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UNIDO INTEGRATED CP APPROACH

Cleaner Production

is aPreventive Integrated

EnvironmentalStrategy

Applied to the EntireProduction and Service Cycle

At sectorallevel

Products: Reduction of wastethrough better design Use of waste for newproducts

Processes: Conservation of raw material, energy,

water Reduction of emissions at source Evaluation of technology options Reduction of costs and risks

Services:Efficient environmentalmanagement in design anddelivery

At companylevel

Impact: Improved efficiency Better environmental performance Increased competitive advantage


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NCPC Network

China

India

Rep. KoreaSri Lanka

Vietnam

Czech Republic

Slovakia

Hungary

Croatia

Macedonia

Ethiopia

Ghana

Kenya

Morocco

Mozambique

Tanzania

Tunisia

Zimbabwe

Brazil

Costa Rica

Cuba

El Salvador

GuatemalaMexico

Nicaragua


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Centers Objective and Goal

Objective:

Building national capacity inCleaner Production

Goal:

Continuous improvement of the

environmental performance ofindustry


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Centers Core Services

1. Awareness Raising

Demonstration Projects

2. Training

3. Company-specific Technical Assistance

4. Information Dissemination

5. Environmentally Sound Technology

6. Investment Assistance in Cleaner Technology7. Policy Advice


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Centers Clients

Man u f a ct u r i n g I n d u st r y( m ain ly SMEs)

Service Industry (Hospitals,Tourism Industry, )

Universities

Municipalities

Government Departments


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Scope of Centers Work

Cleaner Pr odu ct ion

Energy Efficiency

Environmental Mgmt. Systems (e.g., ISO 14001)

Health & Safety

Quality

Productivity

Industrial Management Systems

Awareness Raising on upcoming topics (Life CycleAnalysis, Ecolabels, Local Agenda 21, Environm entalReport ing, )


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Other CP Projects

CP Demonstration Projects(NCPCs-to-be?):

1. Uzbekistan

2. Macedonia

3. Ghana

Sector-Specific CP Centre &

activities:1. Oil and Gas CP Centre -

Russia

2. Virtual NCPC; networked

sector-specific units - CubaDeveloping:

a) Clean fuels centre - Pakistan

b) CP in textiles - Nigeria

Sectors

Artisanal Gold MiningLeather (tanning)

Textiles (dyeing)

Agro-ProcessingWood Processing

Pulp and Paper

Industrial Energy EfficiencyReduction of GreenhouseGases

Montreal Protocol


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UNIDO Programme onTransfer of Environmentally Sound

Technologies (TEST)


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TEST project objectivesNat ion a l Leve l :

To bu i ld capaci t ies in ex is t ingna t i ona l i n st i t u t i ons t o app l y t he TESTin t eg ra ted app roach a t a se lect ed num bero f en t e rp r i ses;

En t e rp r ise Leve l :

To b r ing select ed p i lo t en t e rp r i sesi n t o co m p l ian ce w i t h e n v i r o n m en t a l n o r m so f t he Danu be Rive r Pr o t ect ion

Conv en t ions and I PPC- EU Dir ect iv e.


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CP EMS

Viability Assessment: Enterprise selection

EMS design &implementation

EMAEnvironmental ManagementAccounting

Initial

ReviewPhase I :

Improve performanceof existing Technology

(Process optimization)

InvestmentAppraisal and

Promotion

ESTTechno-Economical

Assessment

SustainableEnterprise Strategy

Phase I I :Identify Technology

change and pollution

control Technology

Good Management Practices introducedEnvironmental and Economical benefits

High investment needing EST identifiedand promoted


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The Romanian Case

ASTRA ref in er y

SOMES pu lp & p aper

I n v e st m e n t i n t h e b le ach i n gUn i t b y En d 2 0 0 2 1 M USD

Phas ing ou t

Ch lo r ine b leach in g

I n v e st m e n t i n Hy d ro Re f in i n gUn i t i n 2 0 0 2 6 5 5 ,0 0 0 USD

Reduc t ion o f Su lph u rem issi on by 1 00%


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Su st a inab le En t e rp r i se St r a t egy

up da t ed bu siness p lan that includes the financialjust ificat ion for the technology investment ,

a socia l act i on p lan on how to assist workers who wouldpotent ially be made redundant as a result of t echnologicalmodernization

a nego t i at ed env i ronm en ta l c om p l i anc e schedu l e thatreflects a common understanding between the enterprise andenvironmental authority

Sust a inab i l i t y Repor t ing


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Dissem ina t i on o f t he r esu l t s

The ro l e o f t he p r o j ect adv i so ry boa rd( au t ho r i t i es, NGOs, i nd us t r i a l associa t i on and

academia )

N at i o n a l m e ch a n i sm ( b r o ch u r e / p u b l ica t i o n , l oca lw o r k sh o p , w eb p a g e)

Shar i ng t he resu l t s a t l oca l l ev e l i nspect o ra t es( i n t eg r a t ed p er m i t s)

Reg iona l w o rk shop


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UNIDO initiative: TEST-MEDTransfer of Environmentally Sound Technology in the

Mediterranean BasinProject Budget: 2 M USD (co-funded by Italian Government)Participating countries: Egypt, Lebanon, Morocco and TunisiaPartners: MAP (Mediterranean Action Plan)

CP-RAC (Cleaner Production Regional Activity Center- Barcelona)GEF (Global Environment Facility)

OTHER


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Removal of Barriers to theIntroduction of CleanerArtisanal Gold Mining and

Extraction Technologies


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Reducing use & improving its management insmall-scale mining

NonNon--amalgamation processingamalgamation processing

Amalgamation in closed conditionsAmalgamation in closed conditions

Environmental assessment of fluxes,Environmental assessment of fluxes,

vectors & sinksvectors & sinks

CommunityCommunity--based health awarenessbased health awareness

Reducing harmful emissionsMercury


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Present Focus Areas of project:

Gold mining areas in Brazil in the Amazon Basin

Lake Victoria and adjacent small-scale gold mining areas in Tanzania

Artisanal mining sites along the Nile in Sudan

Small-scale gold mining along tributaries of the Zambezi in Zimbabwe

River bed gold mining activities along the Mekong in Lao PDR

River bed gold mining activities along rivers in Kalimantan

Draining to Java Sea and hard rock gold mining in Sulawesi affecting Sulawesi Sea


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Development of state-of-the-artguidelines/protocols for

collecting scientific andtechnical informationbeing appropriate to

further develop UNIDOsstrategy in reducing andcontrolling mercury

pollution from small-scalegold mining.


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Objective

Identify project demonstration sites and organize training in technology

and raising awareness of miners, Governments, NGOs and the generalpublic.

Objective

Assess the environmental (mercury) pollution in habitat,

surrounding environmental media and devise intervention measures.

Objective

Establish a databank comprising of technological requirement relevant toartisanal gold mining and extraction activities.

Objective

Develop country specific policies and legislation that will lead toimplementable standards on the application of mercury.

Objective

Promote the dissemination of the project results and identifyopportunities that will allow sustainability of the the project


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Reduction of Mercury Pollution:

Establish mercury migratory patterns

Formulate measures for remediation of hot spots

Enhance local laboratory monitoring capacity

Conduct geochemical sampling - hot spots areas Analysis of human & other biological samples


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Demonstration of Cleaner Technology:

Demonstrate alternatives to amalgamation

Develop & test micro-financing programme

Demonstrate cost effectiveness of new techniques

Establish databank of technological requirements

Training for local equipment manufacturers


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Local and regional workshops

Training and Raising Awareness: On-the-job training on Cleaner Technology

Training of women miners and entrepreneurs

Awareness campaign workshops

Awareness campaigns through media


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Development of Policies & Legislation:

Assist Government to develop enforceable standards Assist Government to develop enforcement programme

Review current policies and legislation

Make consultations and give recommendations Convene workshops to discuss recommendation


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Database on current artisanal mining technologies

Developed continuous monitoring programmes

Enhanced monitoring capacity of local laboratories

Developed & tested micro-financing frameworks

Cleaner & efficient gold processing techniques Enhanced access to equipment & technology

Practical and enforceable mercury application standards

An implementable enforcement programme

LOCAL BENEFITS


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Developed & tested project management framework

Reduced mercury emissions

Replication of experience and increased global awareness

Availability of information regarding mercury pollution

Increased knowledge regarding mercury migration

Accessible Website on artisanal mining & environment

Developed training modules that can be easily adapted

GLOBAL BENEFITS


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The Stockholm Convention on

Persistent Organic Pollutants

The Stockholm Convention onThe Stockholm Convention on

Persistent Organic PollutantsPersistent Organic Pollutants

BY PRODUCTS

DIOXINSFURANS

INDUSTRIALCHEMICALS

PCBs

ALDRINCHLORDANE

DDTDIELDRINENDRINHEPTACHLORHEXACHLOROBENZENETOXAPHENEMIREX

PESTICIDES

Prescribes 12 chemicals for immediate at t ent ion;

Defines how new chemicals might be added


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Unintentionally Produced POPs

Goal = continuing minimization and, where feasible, ultimate

elimination of total releasesof chemicals derived fromanthropogenic sources

dioxins, furans, HCB, PCBs

Parties must develop action plans within 2 years of entry intoforce, and implement their plans:

evaluate current & projected releases

develop strategies to reduce releases

develop a schedule for implementation of action plan

evaluate efficacy of laws & policies to manage releases

review success of strategies every 5 years, report to COP


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Unintentionally Produced POPs

Parties must:

promote application of available, feasible and practicalmeasures to achieve realistic and meaningful levels of

release reduction or source elimination

promote development and, where appropriate, requireuse of substitute or modified materials, products and

processes to prevent formation and release of POPs inAnnex C


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Unintentionally Produced POPs For industrial source categories with potential for comparatively high

formation & release of POPs to the environment (Annex C, Part II):

waste incinerators: municipal/hazardous/medical waste, sewage sludge

cement kilns firing hazardous wastes

pulp production involving chlorine

thermal processes used in metallurgical industry: secondary production of

aluminum, copper or zinc; sinter plants in iron and steel industry

For new sources, Parties must:

promote and, as provided for in an action plan, require use of best availabletechniques (BAT), and

phase in any BAT requirements as soon as practicable but no later than 4yearsafter Convention enters into force

promote use of best environmental practices (BEP)

For existing sources, Parties must promote use of BAT and BEP


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Unintentionally Produced POPs For 13 industrial source categories (Annex C, Part III), Parties must

promote use of BAT & BEP for new and existing sources:

open burning of wastes (including landfill sites)

thermal processes in metallurgical industry not specified in Part II

residential combustion sources

fossil-fuel fired utility & industrial boilers

firing installations for wood & other biomass fuels chemical production processes releasing unintentionally produced

POPs (e.g., chlorophenols, chloranil)

shredder plants for treating end-of-life vehicles

textile & leather dying & finishing motor vehicles

smouldering of copper cables waste oil refineries

destruction of animal carcasses crematoria


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UNIDO & the StockholmConvention: ongoing activities

Enabling Activities towards NationalImplementation Plans

Demonstration projects; benign alternatives &techniques Non-Combustion Technologies - and biopesticides


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Demonstration projectsDemonstration projects

test the viability & removal of barriers that

impede adoption & effective implementationof available non-combustion technologies fordestroying POPs

identify and evaluate environmentally soundalternatives to POPs

to

Fi t tFi t t E bli A ti iti E bli A ti iti


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First stepsFirst steps -- Enabling ActivitiesEnabling Activities

ApprovedAfrica: Burundi,Central African Rep.,Chad, Rep. Of Congo,Djibouti, Ethiopia,

Gabon, Ghana,Lesotho, Liberia,Malawi, Niger, Nigeria,Rwanda, Sao Tome &Principe, Seychelles,Tanzania, Togo

Asia: China, India,

Indonesia, Lao PDR,Mongolia, Nepal

Arab: Algeria, Egypt

Europe: Armenia,Croatia, Czech Rep.,Hungary, Macedonia,Poland, Romania,

TurkeyLatin America:Bolivia,Guatemala, Venezuela

Total : 37

Approval pendingBotswanaGuinea BissauUnited Arab Emirates

Total : 3

Pipelines

Azerbaijan Sierra LeoneBosnia & Herzegovina SwazilandEquatorial Guinea UgandaMyanmar YugoslaviaNamibia

Total : 9 count ries


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NonNon--combustion technologiescombustion technologies

A demonstration inA demonstration inadvance of tacklingadvance of tacklingimportant stockpiles &important stockpiles &contaminated soilscontaminated soils

Transfer of availableTransfer of availableinnovative technologiesinnovative technologies

Demonstration sites:Demonstration sites:Slovakia, Philippines,Slovakia, Philippines,

China, ASPChina, ASP


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Technologies considered

ABB Transformatoren GmbH- LTR2(Low Temperature Rinsingand Re-use)system incorporating Sodium Reduction

technology

BCD Group - Base Catalysed Decomposition (BCD)

ELI Ecologic International - Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction

(GPCR)system

Commodore Applied Technologies Solvated ElectronProcess

+ innovative approach

Toshiba Corporation - combining ultra-violet irradiation andcatalytic dechlorination (UVCD)technology

& Cl d h


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Thank you very much

Energy & Cleaner Production Branch

Project Development & TechnicalCooperation Division

Pablo Huidobro

[email protected]

+43-1-260 26 3068

Documents

UNIDO Sustainable Industrial Development Programme