UNECE working in partnership with NTB

Focal Points

Lorenza JachiaUnited Nations Economic Commission for

Europe

NTBs

• Border/customs measures

• Cross-border road transport

• Product regulations and standards

Costs of NTBs/exportRegion or Economy

Documents for export (number)

Time for export (days)

Cost to export (US$ per container)

Albania 7 34 818Bosnia and Herzegovina 5 22 1,150Bulgaria 7 26 1,233Croatia 7 26 1,250Moldova 7 33 1,185Macedonia, FYR 10 32 1,070Montenegro 6 19 1,515Romania 4 14 1,300Serbia 6 11 1,240Stability Pact Average 7 24 1,196EU Average 5 12 940United States 6 9 625Singapore 5 6 382Uzbekistan 10 44 2,550World average 7 28 1,192

Source: World Bank, Doing Business Database

Costs of NTBs/import Region or Economy

Documents for import (number)

Time for import (days)

Cost to import (US$ per container)

Albania 12 34 820Bosnia and Herzegovina 7 25 1,150Bulgaria 10 25 1,201Croatia 9 18 1,250Moldova 7 35 1,285

Macedonia, FYR 10 35 1,070Montenegro 8 17 1,715

Romania 4 14 1,200Serbia 8 12 1,440Stability Pact Average 8 24 1,237EU Average 7 15 999United States 5 9 625Singapore 6 3 333Uzbekistan 18 139 3,970World average 10 34 1,408

Source: World Bank, Doing Business Database

Import procedures: Stability pact average

0% 50% 100%

Duration

US$ Cost

Documentspreparation

Inland transportationand handling

Customs clearanceand technical control

Ports and terminalhandling

Source: World Bank, Doing Business Database

Export procedures: Stability pact average

Source: World Bank, Doing Business Database

0% 50% 100%

Duration

US$ Cost

Documentspreparation

Inland transportationand handling

Customs clearanceand technical control

Ports and terminalhandling

UNECE toolbox• Harmonization convention

• TIR convention

• Trade facilitation recommendations

• Agricultural quality standards

• Technical harmonization / good regulatory practice

Harmonization convention

The 1982 Convention

Annex on “Efficient

border crossing

procedures”(adoptedOct. 05)

Expected to enter

into force in

2007

Developingguidelines/

bestpractice

TIR Convention: 5 pillars

Secure vehiclesor containers

Internationalguarantee

Document(TIR Carnet)

Controlledaccess

Mutual recognitionof customs

controls

Trade facilitation tools

• Development of a national TF strategy

• UNeDocs

• Single Window Recommendation (Sept. 04)

UNECE secretariat supports:

• National TF bodies

• Development of a national/regional TF strategy: workshops/TC projects

• Understanding the stakes of the WTO TF negotiations

Electronic

Agriculture

SingleWindow

TraderTransport

Customs

Health Dept

A 'Single Window' environment

Paper

One-stop solution offering official control with trade One-stop solution offering official control with trade facilitationfacilitation

Electronic

Agriculture

Paper

Trader

Customs

Health Dept

Transport

Current Situation for Government & Traders

FROM TO

Single Window Concept

Process Analysis and Simplification

National Data Harmonization

Cross Border Data Exchange

Single WindowSingle Window

Business/Political Process Collaboration Between Trader and Government (UN/CEFACT Rec. 4, Rec. 18), UMM, UN/CEFACT International Supply Chain Reference model, GFP Audit Methodology, Revised Kyoto Convention, WCO Audit,Time Release Study, etc

UN Layout Key, Master Document,

UNTDED, TF Toolkit and Forms Repository

UNTDED, CC, UN Locode, UN code lists, UNeDocs, Rec 34

UNeDocs, WCO DM, CBRDM

Rec 33, 34,35

Document Simplification and Standardization

Implementing the Single WindowImplementing the Single Window

Paperless trade: UNeDocs • Goods can’t move faster than the information that

controls them• UNeDOCs aims at creating the equivalent of a

paper document in electronic format• For each transaction, a Master Data Model

describes the structure of Cross Border Information: each trade document is a specific implementation (subset) of this data model

• Start now: From paper to better paper to less paper

Agricultural quality standards• The EU has marketing

standards for the 36 most important fruits and vegetables

• The marketing standards are obligatory at all levels of distribution (production, export, import, wholesale and retail).

• EU directives follow strictly the UNECE directives in terms of content and layout

Technical harmonization: The UNECE International Model

• Based on Good Regulatory Practice (WTO TBT Agreement)

• Provides a mechanism for linking harmonised technical regulation and international standards

• Describes common procedures for conformity assessment

• Provides for free movement of goods among participating countries