Ulaanbaatar citys Mayors office Berlin 2012. 1. HISTORY OF THE CAPITAL CITY OF MONGOLIA 2. CURRENT SITUATION OF ULAANBAATAR CITY 3. MASTER PLAN OF THE

Ulaanbaatar city’s Mayor’s office

Berlin 2012

1. HISTORY OF THE CAPITAL CITY OF MONGOLIA2. CURRENT SITUATION OF ULAANBAATAR CITY

3. MASTER PLAN OF THE CITY4. STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT PLAN5. ULAANBAATER SET TO BEGIN MASTER PLAN UPDATE

WITH NEW PROJECTS

Ulaanbaatar city development

Khara-hot was the oldest city in Gobi Desert \1222-1380\

The great ruler, Chingis khaan, ordered to build Khara-Khorum in 1220 as a capital of the Mongolian Empire. The second great khaan, Ogodei, made it the real capital of the Mongolian Empire. The city has been razed several times since Genghis Khan's day. But in Mongolia, Karakorum remains a powerful symbol of past glory. Later, Ming army completely ruined Khara-Khorum in 1410.


Ulaanbaatar founded in 1639 as the migratory residence of the spiritual leader of the lamas in Mongolia under the name Orgoo from which Urga is derived, the name of the city used by Europeans until 1924.

It is located on the bank of Tuul River. It lies at the foothills of Bogd Khaan Mountain at an altitude of 1350 meters above sea level, covering an area of 4700 sq.km. The city is administratively divided into 9 districts and sub-districts.


The first 20-year general plan for

developing the city was worked out in

1954. The first multi-party democratic

election taken place in Mongolia in

summer of 1990, which resulted in the

first permanent multi-party Parliament.

The new Parliament adopted a new

Constitution of Mongolia (4th) in 1992,

states: "Ulaanbaatar is the Capital city of

Mongolia".


Ulaanbaatar 1915Ulaanbaatar 1915


Second master plan 1963 Proposed population -230.0-250.0 thousand

In history Ulaanbaatar city has developed 5 master plans (1954, 1963, 1971, 1986, 2002 )

First master plan 1954 Proposed population -125.0 thousand

Third master plan 1971 Proposed population -550.0-600.0 thousand

Fourth master plan 1986 Proposed population -850.0 thousand


Ulaanbaatar city- 1954






MASTER PLANS

Proposed population 1150 thousand


WWW.UPDI.UB.GOV.MN

The City Map


Mongolia began the transition to a market economy in 1990.

The loss of Soviet financial subsidies and technical support at that time weakened

the government’s capacity.

The collapse of many rural enterprises, combined with climate disasters

exacerbated rural-urban migration.

At the same time in Ulaanbaatar rapidly expanded uncontrolled and poorly serviced

lower-income residential areas. (the Ger areas)

The population of the city's ger areas has increased by approximately 70 per cent

over the last twenty years.

As today more than 60 percent of Ulaanbaatar population still lives in ger areas

which lack modern infrastructure services, such as piped water, sanitation, proper

roads, public transportation.

Capital city Ulaanbaatar is bearing an increasing level of pressure on its own

services and infrastructure trying to accommodate growth.


.,


There have been over 50 partial planning documents adopted by City Council.

Over 50% of GDP is produced in the Capital City

Ulaanbaatar City makes up 1/3 of state budget

More than 70 of registered companies are based in UB

Political, economic, business and administrative capital of country

As of the beginning of 2012, the population of capital city reached 1 million 200

thousand people an increase by 39.4 thousands compared to the same period of

the last year. Today, 2 people of every 4 Mongolian citizens live in capital city

whereas average household living in capital city consists of 4 members. Every day,

approximately 78 people migrate from the provinces to Ulaanbaatar and very few

people – just one third of incoming migrants leave Ulaanbaatar for provinces.




The General master plan

Our goal is to achieve autonomous status, self-sufficient economy and good governance, to support its development, and strengthening its financial capacity shall be the Ulaanbaatar City’s short-term goals.

To achieve its goals, municipality aims to determine balanced ratio

of economic, social and environmental development; create a favorable,

peaceful and sustained living conditions for the city residents; and promote

economic sustainable development:

Capital City’s self-governing and local administrative organizations

shall practice the following in order to achieve these goals and objectives:

Improve the Capital City and Ulaanbaatar City’s legal environment;

Scrutinize and decide general management of the city growth and

development, exercise growth guiding approaches, and decide the location

and settlements of citizens and enterprises based on the general plan and

common interest of residents;

Apply financial capacity enhancement strategy of the capital city.

The development of ger areas in Ulaanbaatar (UB), is one of the most important issues facing the country.

The policy such as the “Compact City” concept of the UB Master Plan 2020, was proposed to control expansion and promote high-density development for the ger areas:

design a comprehensive urban development policy develop supporting mechanisms, including land valuation and taxation Improve local economic development policy Improve utilization of engineering network Improve land use Improve reliable process of city engineering network and source Develop and exchange ger area by small housing district with fully

supported engineering system \ network \ Move away industries with more pollution from city Decrease air, water and soil pollution


Density of Ulaanbaatar City

Ulaanbaatar City Development

Air pollution

road network


The New Airport

In recent years, a number of vehicles considerably increased in Ulaanbaatar City. An average annual growth of transportation vehicles is about 10-20 percent. 243 thousand vehicles were counted in 2012 during the state transportation vehicles inventory. But length of the auto road network has not been increased sufficiently and auto traffic congestion has increased causing anger, despair and stress for citizens. Thus, Traffic Management Center has been established to prudently facilitate and manage this situation based on scientific rationale.

The Road Network

Улаанбаатар хотын хөгжил

/BRT/-planning

Public transportation project


METRO PROJECT

Улаанбаатар хотод метро барьж байгуулах маршрут, төлөвлөлтийн схем


There are three types of Ger areas, namely Central, Middle, and Peri –Urban Ger areas.

Ger Area Planning

cenrtal ger areascenrtal ger areas

Middle ger areasMiddle ger areas

Peri-Urban ger areasPeri-Urban ger areas

Ger Area Planning



Ger areas Ulaanbaatar City is facing a population explosion from rapid rural-urban

migration threatening government and international efforts to sustainably manage the city's growth and development. While the Cities Alliance-funded City Development Strategy for Ulaanbaatar injected vision into the Master Plan 2020 preparations and leveraged significant follow-up investments, the supporting legal and administrative framework to manage urban growth and development nevertheless remained firmly rooted in traditional urban design and regulatory approaches.

THANK YOU

Documents

Ulaanbaatar citys Mayors office Berlin 2012. 1. HISTORY OF THE CAPITAL CITY OF MONGOLIA 2. CURRENT SITUATION OF ULAANBAATAR CITY 3. MASTER PLAN OF THE