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SAFETY &
COMFORT
GUIDE
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The warning signs of thesedisorders can occur in the hands,wrists, arms, shoulders, neck, orback, and can include:
Numbness, burning, ortingling
Soreness, aching, ortenderness
Pain, throbbing, or swelling
Tightness or stiffness
Weakness or coldness
Symptoms may be felt during typing, whileusing a mouse, or at other times when nowork with the hands is being performed,including during the night when thesesymptoms might awaken you. If youexperience these symptoms, or any otherpersistent or recurring pain or discomfortthat you think may be related to using acomputer, you should promptly consult aqualified physician and, if available, yourcompany’s health and safety department. Theearlier a problem is properly diagnosed andtreated, the less chance there is that it willprogress to a disabling condition.
The following pages describe properworkstation setup, posture, and health andwork habits for computer users. In addition,this Guide contains product safety informa-tion applicable to all Compaq products.
Warning
There may be a risk of serious physicalinjuries from working at your computerworkstation. Read and follow the recom-mendations in this Safety & Comfort Guide tominimize the risk of injury and to increaseyour comfort.
Some studies have suggested that longperiods of typing, improper workstationsetup, incorrect work habits, stressful workconditions and relationships, or problems inyour personal health may be linked toinjuries. These injuries could include carpaltunnel syndrome, tendinitis, tenosynovitis,and other musculoskeletal disorders.
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Notice
The information in this guide is subject tochange without notice.
COMPAQ COMPUTER CORPORATION SHALL NOT BELIABLE FOR TECHNICAL OR EDITORIAL ERRORS OR
OMISSIONS CONTAINED HEREIN; NOR FOR INCIDEN-TAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES RESULTING
FROM THE FURNISHING, PERFORMANCE, OR USE OFTHIS MATERIAL.
This guide contains information protected by copyright. Nopart of this guide may be photocopied or reproduced in any
form without prior written consent fromCompaq Computer Corporation.
1997 Compaq Computer Corporation.All rights reserved. Printed in the U.S.A.
Compaq, Deskpro, Armada, Contura, PresarioRegistered U. S. Patent and Trademark Office.
Safety & Comfort Guide
First Edition (September 1997)Part Number 297660-001
Compaq Computer Corporation
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ContentsWarning ..................................................................................................... iPreface ...................................................................................................... iv
Symbols and Conventions in DocumentationSymbols on Equipment
Chapter 1Promoting a Safe and Comfortable Work Environment ................... 1
Important ChoicesTake Action for Safety and ComfortKey Principles
Chapter 2Finding Your Comfort Zone ................................................................. 5
A Range of PositionsFeet, Knees, and LegsBackForearms, Wrists, and HandsShoulders and ElbowsEyes
Chapter 3Arranging Your Work Area ................................................................ 13
MonitorKeyboard and Pointing DeviceArm Supports and a Palm RestPapers and BooksPhone
Chapter 4Working in Comfort ................................................................................ 21
Using a Notebook ComputerTyping StylePointing StyleUsing a Keyboard on a SofaTaking Breaks and Varying Your TasksMonitoring Your Health Habits and Exercise
Chapter 5Ordering Your Adjustments .................................................................. 27
From the Ground UpFrom the Top Down
Chapter 6Self-Check ............................................................................................. 29
Chapter 7Important Electrical and Mechanical Safety Information .................... 33
IntroductionProduct Safety Policy and General PracticeInstallation RequirementsGeneral Precautions for Compaq ProductsPrecautions for Portable Computer ProductsPrecautions for Server and Network ProductsPrecautions for Products with External Television Antenna ConnectorsPrecautions for Products with Modems, Telecommunications,
or Local Area Network OptionsPrecautions for Products with Laser Devices
AppendixFor More Information ............................................................................ 43
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Symbols and Conventions in DocumentationThe following words and symbols mark special messages throughout this guide.
PREFACE
. Text set off in this manner presents clarifyinginformation, specific instructions, commentary,sidelights, or interesting points of information.
WARNING: Text set off in this mannerindicates that failure to follow directionscould result in bodily harm or loss of life.
CAUTION: Text set off in this mannerindicates that failure to follow directionscould result in damage to equipment or lossof information.
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To avoid risk of injury from electric shock,remove all power cords to completelydisconnect power from the system.
This symbol indicates that the equipment is supplied withmultiple sources of power.
This symbol indicates the presence of a hot surface or compo-nent. Touching this surface could result in bodily injury.
An RJ-45 receptacle marked with this symbol contains aNetwork Interface Connection (NIC).
This symbol indicates the presence of electric shock hazards.Enclosures marked with these symbols should only be opened bya Compaq authorized service provider.
ICON MEANING WARNING
This symbol, when used alone or in conjunction with any of thefollowing icons, indicates the need to consult the operatinginstructions provided with the product.
To avoid risk of injury from a hot component,allow the surface to cool before touching.
To avoid risk of electric shock, fire, or damage to theequipment, do not plug telephone or telecommuni-cations connectors into this receptacle.
To avoid risk of injury from electric shock, donot open this enclosure.
A potential risk exists if the operatinginstructions are not followed.
Symbols on EquipmentThe following table contains safety icons that may appear on Compaq equipment. Refer to this table for an explanation of the icons, and heedthe warnings that accompany them.
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Adjust into YourComfort Zone
If you share a
computer with
others, readjust the
work environment to
your needs. Each
time you sit down to
work, adjust into
your comfort zone.
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IMPORTANTSome scientists believe that working intensely,
or for a long time in uncomfortable or unnatural
positions, may pose risks, such as those
mentioned in the Warning. The information
included in this Guide is designed to help you
work more safely by recommending ways to
work more comfortably and effectively.
TIP
Self-checkAfter reviewing the information in this chapter,
double-check your postures and habits using
Chapter 6, "Self-Check."
Posture, lighting, furniture, workorganization, and other work conditionsand habits may affect the way you feel andhow well you work. By adjusting your workenvironment and personal practices, youmay be able to minimize fatigue anddiscomfort, and reduce the risk ofresulting strains that some scientistsbelieve can lead to injury.
Important ChoicesWhenever you use a computer, you makechoices that can affect your comfort andpotentially your safety. This is truewhether you use a full-size keyboard andmonitor on a desk, a notebook computer, ora wireless keyboard on your lap. In everycase, you choose your working posture andyour body’s position relative to yourkeyboard, pointing device, monitor, remotecontrol, phone, and any reference booksand papers. You may also have some controlover lighting and other factors.
Take Action for Safetyand Comfort
Many factors in our work environmentdetermine whether we work efficiently andin a manner that promotes good health andsafety. By considering, acting on, andperiodically reevaluating the recommenda-tions in this Guide, it is possible to create asafer, more comfortable, healthful, andefficient work environment.
PROMOTING A SAFE AND COMFORTABLE WORK ENVIRONMENT11
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Key Principles
To promote safety and comfort,follow these principles wheneveryou use your computer.
ADJUST
Adjust your body position and yourwork equipment.
There is no one “right” position. Findyour comfort zone, as described in thisGuide, and when working at yourcomputer, frequently adjust within thiszone.
MOVE
Vary your tasks so that you can movearound; avoid sitting in one posture allday.
Perform tasks that require walking.
PROMOTING A SAFE AND COMFORTABLE WORK ENVIRONMENT
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RELAX
Build positive relationships at work andhome. Relax and strive to reduce sourcesof stress.
Stay aware of physical tension such asclenching your muscles and shrugging yourshoulders. Continually release tension.
Take frequent short breaks.
LISTEN
Listen to your body.
Pay attention to any tension, discomfort,or pain you may feel, and takeimmediate action to relieve it.
REMEMBER
Remember to exercise regularly andmaintain general fitness. Doing this willhelp your body withstand the rigors ofsedentary work.
Respect any medical conditions you mayhave or other health factors you mayknow of. Adjust your work habitsaccordingly.
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Vary YourPosture
Depending on your
tasks, you may find a
range of seated and
standing postures that
are comfortable.
Within your comfort
zone, change postures
often throughout the
day.Standing
Upright
Reclined
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2A Range of PositionsRather than working in a single posture, findyour comfort zone. Your comfort zone is arange of positions that is generally appropriateand comfortable for your given worksituation.
MoveSitting still for long periods can causediscomfort and muscle fatigue. Changingpostures is good for many parts of your body,including your spine, joints, muscles, andcirculatory system.♦ Within your comfort zone, change
postures often throughout the day.♦ Take frequent short breaks: stand up,
carefully stretch, or walk around.♦ Frequently switch to brief tasks that
require getting up, such as retrievingoutput from a printer, filing paperwork, orconsulting a colleague down the hall.
♦ If your furniture offers a wide range ofadjustments, you might find it comfortableto switch back and forth between sitting andstanding positions.
Different Tasks, Different PosturesYour choice of posture within your comfortzone may vary with your task. For example,you may find a reclined posture mostcomfortable for computer tasks, and a moreupright posture more comfortable for tasksrequiring frequent reference to papers orbooks.
Ordering Your AdjustmentsThe order in which you make variousadjustments to your body position and workarea may vary depending on the adjustabilityof your furniture. For tips on how to orderyour adjustments, see Chapter 5, “OrderingYour Adjustments.”
TIPS
That afternoon slump
Pay particular attention to adjusting your
posture in the afternoon when you may
tend to get fatigued.
Everything is connected
When you reposition any one part of your
body, you may need to adjust other parts
as well.
AVOID!
Don't sit in one fixed posture all day.
Avoid slouching forward.
Be sure not to lean back too far.
Standing
Upright
Reclined FINDING YOUR COMFORT ZONE
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TIPS
WalkGet up from your desk frequently and take
brief walks.
Leg comfort
Vary your leg positions throughout the day.
AVOID!Avoid placing boxes or other items under
your desk that limit your leg room. You
should be able to pull yourself all the way
up to your desk without interference.
WRONG!Don't dangle your feetand compress yourthighs.
RIGHTRest your feet firmly onthe floor or a footrest.
Feet, Knees, and LegsMake sure your feet can rest solidly andcomfortably on the floor while sitting. Usean adjustable worksurface and chair thatallow your feet to rest firmly on the floor, oruse a footrest. If you use a footrest, be sure itis wide enough to accomodate different legpositions within your comfort zone.
Providing Enough Leg RoomBe sure you have sufficient space under yourwork surface for your knees and legs. Avoidconcentrated pressure points along theunderside of your thigh near the knee andthe back side of your lower leg. Stretch yourlegs and vary your leg posture throughoutthe day.
FINDING YOUR COMFORT ZONE
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RIGHTDistribute your weightevenly and use theentire seat andbackrest to supportyour body.
WRONG!Don't slouch forward.
TIP
Adjust often
If your chair is adjustable, experiment with
the adjustments to find numerous comfort-
able positions, then adjust the chair
frequently.
AVOID!If you get a new adjustable chair, or if you
share a chair with someone else, don’t
assume the settings are properly set for you.
BackUse your chair to fully support your body.Distribute your weight evenly and use theentire seat and backrest to support yourbody. If your chair has adjustable low backsupport, match the contours of the chair’sbackrest to the natural curve of your lowerspine.
Getting comfortableAlways make sure your lower back is well-supported. Make sure it feels comfortable inthe position in which you are working.
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Keep your forearms, wrists, and handsaligned in a straight, neutral position,whether you are working at a desk or table,or sitting on a couch or bed. Avoid bendingor angling your wrists while typing or using apointing device.
Don't Anchor Your WristsWhen typing, do not anchor or rest yourwrists on your work surface, your thighs, ora palm rest (sometimes called a wrist rest).Resting your palms while typing may beharmful because it can cause you to bendyour wrists back and can apply pressure tothe undersides of your wrists. A palm rest isdesigned to provide support during pauses,when you are not typing.
Forearms, Wrists, and Hands
WRONG!Don’t rest your palms ona work surface whiletyping.
RIGHTHold a straight, neutralwrist position whiletyping.
2 FINDING YOUR COMFORT ZONE
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TIP
Split Keyboards
If you find it difficult to type with a straight,
neutral wrist position, you may want to try
a split keyboard. Be aware, however, that
improper setup or posture while using a
split keyboard can increase bending in
your wrists. So if you try one, set it up
properly to align your forearms, wrists, and
hands.
AVOID!
Be sure not to rest your wrists on sharp
edges.
RIGHTHold a straight, neutralwrist position whiletyping.
WRONG!Don’t angle your wrists;this may causeunnecessary strain.
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RIGHTTurn your chair to the sideto help determine if yourelbow height is near theheight of your keyboard’shome row.
TIP
Relax
Remember to relax, particularly in areas
where muscle tension often builds, such as
your shoulders.
Shoulders and ElbowsAdjust your chair height or keyboard heightso that your shoulders are relaxed and yourelbows hang comfortably at your sides.Adjust your keyboard slope so that yourwrists are straight.
Checking Elbow HeightPosition your elbows in a zone that is nearthe height of your keyboard’s home row (therow that includes the letters G and H). Thisposition allows you to relax your shoulders.If you have long upper arms, you may findyou need to position your elbows a bit belowthe height of home row in order to provideenough space under the work surface foryour knees and legs.
FINDING YOUR COMFORT ZONE
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TIPS
Eye comfort
While looking at your monitor and also while
resting your eyes, remember to blink. This
helps keep your eyes naturally protected and
lubricated and helps prevent dryness, a
common source of discomfort.
Eye break
Give your eyes frequent rests by focusing
them on a distant point.
EyesWorking at your computer for long periodscan be a visually demanding task and maycause your eyes to become irritated andfatigued. Therefore, you should give specialattention to vision care, including thefollowing recommendations:
Resting Your EyesGive your eyes frequent breaks. Periodicallylook away from the monitor and focus at adistant point. This may also be a good time tostretch, breathe deeply, and relax.
Cleaning Your Monitor and GlassesKeep your display screen and your glasses orcontact lenses clean. If you use a glare-reduction filter, clean it according to themanufacturer’s directions.
Having Your Eyes ExaminedTo be sure that your vision is adequatelycorrected, have your eyes examined regularlyby a vision care specialist. Consider havingglasses made that are specifically suited forworking with a computer monitor. If youwear bifocals or trifocals, you may find thesespecial monofocal glasses more comfortablefor computer use. For more information,see “Adjusting Monitor Height for Bifocal andTrifocal Users” in Chapter 3.
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BLUR SECTION PHOTO - HOME OFFICE, WOMANMODEL, OVERHEAD SHOT, BOOKS, REFERENCEPAPERS AND PHONE PLACED WITHIN EASYREACH, CHAIR WITH ARMRESTS
PositioningYourMonitor
You may find a
range of monitor
heights that allows
your head to be
balanced
comfortably over
your shoulders.
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Many computer designs allow you to placethe monitor on top of the system unit. If thisplaces the monitor too high, you may want tomove the the monitor to the desktop. On theother hand, if the monitor sits on your worksurface and you feel any discomfort in yourneck or upper back, the monitor may be toolow. In that case, try using a thick book or amonitor stand to raise the monitor.
Tilting the MonitorTilt the monitor so that it faces your eyes. Ingeneral, the monitor screen and your faceshould be parallel to each other. To check forcorrect monitor tilt, have someone hold asmall mirror in the center of the viewingarea. When sitting in your normal workposture, you should be able to see your eyesin the mirror.
TIP
Eye height
Your eye height will change considerably
whether you use a reclining or upright posture,
or some posture in between. Remember to
adjust your monitor’s height and tilt each time
your eye height changes as you move through
your comfort zone.
AVOID!
If you look at the monitor more than you look at
paper documents, avoid placing your monitor
to the side.
ARRANGING YOUR WORK AREA
MonitorYou will reduce eye strain and muscle fatiguein your neck, shoulders, and upper back byproperly positioning your monitor andadjusting its angle.
Positioning the MonitorPlace the monitor directly in front of you. Todetermine a comfortable viewing distance,stretch your arm toward the monitor andnotice the location of your knuckles. Placeyour monitor near that location. You shouldbe able to clearly see the text on yourmonitor.
Adjusting the Monitor HeightYour monitor position should allow yourhead to be balanced comfortably over yourshoulders. It should not cause your neck tobend forward uncomfortably or backward toany degree. You may find it more comfort-able to position the monitor so that the topline of text is just below your eye height. Youreyes should look slightly downward whenviewing the middle of the screen.
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Adjusting Monitor Heightfor Bifocal and Trifocal UsersIf you wear bifocals or trifocals, it’s especiallyimportant to properly adjust your monitorheight. Avoid tilting your head back to viewthe screen through the lower portion of yourglasses; this could lead to muscle fatigue inyour neck and back. Instead, try loweringyour monitor. You may want to consider usingmonofocal glasses that are specially made forcomputer use.
WRONG!If you wear bifocals or trifocals, don't position yourmonitor so high that you have to tilt your head back to viewthe screen.
TIPS
Notebook viewingWhenever using a notebook computer for long
periods, you may find it more comfortable to
connect a full-size monitor. A separate monitor
gives you a wider range of viewing distance and
height options.
Adjusting brightness and contrastReduce the potential for eye discomfort by
using brightness and contrast controls on your
monitor to improve the quality of text and
graphics.
ARRANGING YOUR WORK AREA
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Eliminating Glare and Reflectionson Your MonitorTake the time to eliminate glare and reflec-tions. To control daylight, use blinds, shades,or drapes, or try other glare-reducingmeasures. Use indirect or reduced lighting toavoid bright spots on your display screen.
If glare is a problem, consider these actions:
♦ Move your monitor to a place where glareand bright reflections are eliminated.
♦ Turn off or reduce ceiling lights and usetask lighting (one or more adjustablelamps) to illuminate your work.
♦ If you cannot control the ceiling lights, trypositioning your monitor between rows oflights instead of directly beneath a row oflights.
♦ Attach a glare-reduction filter to yourmonitor.
♦ Place a visor on your monitor. This devicemay be as simple as a piece of cardboardextending out over the monitor’s top frontedge.
♦ Avoid tilting or swiveling your display in away that leads to an uncomfortable heador upper back posture.
TIP
Eliminating glare
Try positioning your monitor so that its side
faces the windows.
AVOID!
Avoid compromising your posture tocompensate for glare or reflections.
Try to avoid bright light sources in your fieldof vision. For example, don’t face anuncovered window during daylight hours.
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Keyboard and Pointing DeviceAligning the Mouse and KeyboardWhen using a mouse or detached trackball,position the device immediately to the right orleft of your keyboard.
Using a Keyboard Tray ComfortablyIf you use a keyboard tray, make sure it iswide enough to accommodate your pointingdevice, such as a mouse or trackball.Otherwise, you will probably place themouse on your desktop, higher and fartheraway than the keyboard. This will lead you tostretch forward repeatedly, and uncomfort-ably, to reach the mouse.
RIGHTPosition your pointingdevice immediately tothe right or left of yourkeyboard.
WRONG!Don’t position yourkeyboard and pointingdevice at different levelsand distances.
Place your keyboard, mouse, and otherinput devices, so that you can use them withyour body in a relaxed, comfortableposition. In this way, you don’t have to reachor shrug your shoulders while working.
Positioning the KeyboardPosition the keyboard directly in front of youto avoid twisting your neck and torso. Thismakes it possible to type with your shoul-ders relaxed and your upper arms hangingfreely at your sides.
Adjusting the Keyboard Height and SlopeYour elbow height should be near the heightof your keyboard’s home row (see illustra-tion under "Shoulders and Elbows"). Adjustyour keyboard slope so that your wrists arestraight.
ARRANGING YOUR WORK AREA
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Arm Supports and a Palm RestYou may find that supports for your forearmsor hands allow you to be more relaxed andcomfortable.
Using Arm SupportsSome chairs and desks provide padded areasfor resting your arms. You may find itcomfortable to rest the middle of yourforearms on these supports while typing,pointing, or pausing. Arm supports areproperly adjusted when your shoulders are in acomfortable position and your wrists arestraight.
Using a Palm RestA palm rest is designed to provide supportduring pauses, not during typing or pointing.While typing or using a pointing device, keepwrists free to move, not anchored or restingon a palm rest, the desk, or your thighs.
RIGHTYou may find that arm supports help you relax yourshoulders and keep your wrists free to move while typing.
TIP
For pauses onlyPalm rests should only be used during pauses,
when you are not typing or using your pointing
device.
AVOID!Armrests should not cause you to:
Shrug or drop your shoulders.
Put excessive pressure on your elbows.
“Wing” your arms (extend elbows out tothe sides).
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3
Using a Document HolderIf you use a document holder, position itnear the monitor at the same distance,height, and angle as the monitor. Positioningthe holder in this way can increase your neckcomfort as you refer back and forth betweenyour papers and the display screen, byhelping you keep your head balanced overyour shoulders.
If your primary task is typing from paperdocuments, you may find it more comfort-able to place your document holder directlyin front of you and your monitor slightly toone side, or on a slant board between yourmonitor and keyboard. Consider this optiononly if you spend more time looking at thepaper than at your monitor.
WRONG!Don’t arrange your work area in a way thatcauses you to repeatedly strain forward to seeand reach frequently used items such as books,papers, or a phone.
Papers and BooksSelect a work surface or surfaces that arelarge enough to hold the computer equip-ment and any additional items required foryour work. To help minimize eye fatigue,position any materials to which you fre-quently refer at about the same viewingdistance.
Minimizing Your ReachArrange your frequently used papers, books,or other items to minimize the distance youreach for them. If you frequently refer tobooks, papers, and writing materials, and ifyou use a keyboard tray, make sure the tray,when extended, doesn’t cause you to leanforward or reach excessively. This can stressyour shoulders and back. If you find that suchstress occurs, you may want to consider adifferent type of work setup.
ARRANGING YOUR WORK AREA
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PhoneCradling your phone between your ear andshoulder may lead to neck, shoulder, andback discomfort. If you use your phone alot, try using a headset or positioning yourphone so you pick it up with your non-dominant hand. This frees your dominanthand for note-taking.
When not in use, place the phone withineasy reach.
RIGHTUse a headset to free yourhands and help you avoiduncomfortable positions.
WRONG!Don’t cradle your phonebetween your ear andshoulder.
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OntheRoad
In a hotel, use a
blanket for
padding your
chair and a
rolled towel as an
inventive way to
support your
lower back area.
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WORKING IN COMFORT
Using a Notebook Computer
4
Transporting the ComputerIf you load up your carrying case withaccessories and papers, avoid shoulderstrain by using a cart or a carrying casewith built-in wheels.
Being InventiveUse pillows, blankets, towels, and booksto:
♦ Raise the height of your seat.
♦ Create a footrest, if needed.
♦ Support your back.
♦ Raise your computer to elevate thekeyboard and display.
♦ Provide arm supports, if you areworking on a couch or bed.
♦ Provide padding wherever needed.
TIPS
Notebook comfortWhen you must work where proper seating or
support may not be available, such as on
airplanes or in wilderness areas, change your
position often while working and take brief
breaks more frequently.
Long hours of use
You may find it more comfortable to use a full-
size keyboard, monitor, and detached mouse or
trackball with your notebook computer. This is
especially important when working on your
notebook computer for long hours.
Maintaining a high level of comfort whenusing a notebook computer may be morechallenging than when using a desktopcomputer. Therefore, you should be espe-cially alert to your body’s signals, such as anyfeeling of discomfort. Also, be sure to adhereto the key principles presented earlier in thisGuide.
The following strategies are intended to helpyou maintain comfort when using a notebookcomputer:
Seeking ComfortWhen working with a notebook computer,keep your shoulders and neck relaxed andyour head balanced over your shoulders. Youmay find it comfortable to periodically use asupport surface (your briefcase, a bed table,firm blanket, pillow, or large book) betweenyour lap and your notebook computer.
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Observe your typing style and notice howyou use your fingers and hands. Avoidkeeping any unnecessary tension in yourthumbs and fingers. Observe whether youhave a heavy touch or a light touch whiletyping. Use the minimum amount of forceneeded to depress the keys.
Reaching for Keys and Key CombinationsTo reach keys that are not near yourkeyboard’s home row, move your wholearm; avoid stretching your fingers andangling your wrists. When pressing two keyssimultaneously, such as Ctrl+C or Alt+F, usetwo hands instead of contorting one hand toreach both keys.
AVOID!
Avoid banging on the keys.
Don't use more force than needed topress the keys.
RIGHTRelax your thumbsand fingers whiletyping andpointing; noticeand release excesstension.
WRONG!Don’t type or pointwith unnecessarytension in yourthumbs andfingers.
TIPS
Keep it lightIf your typing is on the heavy side, teach
yourself to lighten up. Press the keys more
gently.
“Hunt-and-peck” typingNon-touch-typing causes the neck to bend
forward repeatedly. To minimize this repetitive
movement, learn how to touch-type so you
don’t need to look down at the keyboard as
often.
4 WORKING IN COMFORT
Typing Style
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Pointing StyleUse your whole arm and shoulder to movethe mouse, not just your wrist. Don’t rest oranchor your wrist while using your pointingdevice; keep your wrist, arm, and shoulderfree to move.
Adjusting Software ControlsYou can use the software control panel toadjust the properties of your pointing device.For example, to reduce or eliminate mouse-lifting, try increasing the acceleration setting.If you use a pointing device with your lefthand, the software control panel will allowyou to switch the button assignments formaximum comfort.
Clean FrequentlyDirt can make pointing more difficult.Remember to clean your mouse or trackballfrequently.
TIPS
Pointing comfort
When using a mouse or trackball, hold it
loosely. Keep your hand relaxed, and click the
buttons using a light touch. When you are not
using your pointing device, don’t hold onto it;
let it go.
Switch handsTo give your hand a break, you may choose to
control your mouse or trackball with the
opposite hand for awhile.
AVOID!Avoid gripping or pinching your mouse tightly.
RIGHTKeep your wrist ina straight, neutralposition whenusing your pointingdevice.
WRONG!Don't angle yourwrist when usingyour pointingdevice.
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4 WORKING IN COMFORT
RIGHTExperiment with positioning pillows under yourforearms; they may help keep your shouldersrelaxed and your wrists straight.
Using a Keyboard on a SofaEven if you use your keyboard in a seeminglycomfortable place such as a sofa, bed, oryour favorite lounge chair, you can still causediscomfort by sitting in an awkward positionor in one position for long periods. Remem-ber to frequently make changes to yourposition, within your comfort zone, and totake short breaks.
Aligning Forearms, Wrists, and HandsWhen working on a keyboard on your lap,keep your forearms, wrists, and handscomfortably aligned with each other in astraight, neutral line. Avoid bending or anglingyour wrists. If your keyboard has palm rests,use them during pauses, not while typing orusing a pointing device.
TIP
Even on a sofa
Remember to properly support your lower
back.
AVOID!
Avoid slouching.
Be sure not to recline too much; thismay fatigue your neck and upper back.
Don't bend or angle your wrists.
Avoid sitting completely still and workingwithout breaks for long periods.
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Taking Breaks and Varying Your TasksVary Your TasksExamine your work habits and the types oftasks you perform. Break up the routine andtry to vary your tasks during the day. Bydoing so, you may avoid sitting in oneposition or performing the same activitiescontinuously for several hours using yourhands, arms, shoulders, neck, or back. Forexample, you could print out your work toproofread rather than proofing from yourmonitor.
Reduce Sources of StressTake an inventory of things at work that arestressful to you. If you perceive that yourphysical or psychological health is beingaffected, take time to evaluate what changesyou can make to reduce or eliminate thesources of stress.
As noted earlier in this Guide, your furnitureplacement, office equipment, and lightingare only a few of the factors that determinecomfort. Your work habits are also veryimportant. Remember the following:
Take BreaksWhen you work at your computer for longperiods, take short breaks at least once perhour and preferably more often. You may findthat frequent, short breaks will benefit youmore than fewer, longer breaks.
If you find that you forget to take breaks, usea timer or specialized software. Severalsoftware tools are available that remind youto take breaks at intervals you specify.
During your breaks, stand up and stretch,especially any muscles and joints you mayhave held in an extended static posture whileusing the computer.
TIPS
Try it and see
Contrary to what some may believe, several
studies have found that productivity does NOT
decline when frequent short breaks are added
to the day.
Breathe deeply
Breathe fresh air deeply and regularly. The
intense mental concentration that may
accompany computer use may tend to cause
breath-holding or shallow breathing.
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Monitoring Your Health Habits and ExerciseThe comfort and safety of working at yourcomputer can be affected by your generalstate of health. Studies have shown that avariety of health conditions may increase therisk of discomfort, muscle and joint disor-ders, or injuries.
These preexisting conditions include:
Hereditary factors
Arthritis and other connective tissuedisorders
Diabetes and other endocrinedisorders
Thyroid conditions
4
Vascular disorders
Generally poor physical condition anddietary habits
Prior injuries, traumas, andmusculoskeletal disorders
Excessive weight
Stress
Smoking
Pregnancy, menopause, and otherconditions affecting hormone levels andwater retention
Advancing age
Monitoring Personal Tolerance Levelsand LimitsDifferent users of computers have differentlevels of tolerance for intensive work over along period. Monitor your personal tolerancelevels and avoid regularly exceeding them.
If any of the listed health conditions apply toyou, it is particularly important to know andmonitor your personal limits.
Cultivating Health and FitnessAdditionally, your overall health and tolerancefor the rigors of work typically can beimproved by avoiding adverse health condi-tions and by exercising regularly to improveand maintain your physical fitness.
WORKING IN COMFORT
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ORDERING YOUR ADJUSTMENTS
The order in which you follow the advice inthe proceeding chapters depends on theadjustability of your work surface.
If your work surface height adjusts,then systematically adjust yourself andyour computer “from the ground up.”
If you have a fixed desk or table,systematically adjust yourself and yourcomputer “from the top down.”
From the Ground Up
1. Seat height: you should be able toplant your feet firmly on the floor.
2. Chair back angles and lower backsupport: your back should be wellsupported.
3. Keyboard height: home row should benear your elbow height.
4. Keyboard slope: wrists should bestraight.
5. Pointing device: should be placed tothe immediate left or right of yourkeyboard.
6. Optional forearm supports: shouldershould not be elevated or dropped.
7. Monitor distance, height, and angle:should allow your head to be balancedcomfortably over your shoulders.
8. Document holder, phone, andreference materials: frequently useditems should be within easy reach.
From the Top Down
1. Seat height: elbow height should benear your keyboard’s home row.
2. Footrest, if you need one.
3. Follow steps 2 through 8 above.
5
TIP
Be inventive
Adjustable furniture designed for computer
use may not always be available. However,
you can use towels, pillows, blankets, and
books in many ways, such as to:
♦ Raise the height of your chair.
♦ Create a footrest.
♦ Support your back.
♦ Elevate the keyboard or display.
♦ Provide arm supports if you are working
on a sofa or bed.
♦ Provide padding wherever needed.
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To increase your comfort and reducepotential safety risks, use this checklist tohelp you evaluate your work posture andhabits.
Seated Position
r Have you found a range of seatedpostures that are most comfortable foryou?
r Are you changing postures within your“comfort zone” throughout the day,especially in the afternoon?
r Are your feet firmly planted?
r Are the undersides of your thighs nearyour knees free of pressure?
r Are the backs of your lower legs freeof pressure?
r Is there sufficient space under yourwork surface for your knees and legs?
r Is your lower back supported?
Shoulders, Arms, Wrists, and Hands
r Are your shoulders relaxed?
r Are your hands, wrists, and forearmsaligned in a straight, neutral position?
r If you use arm supports, are theyadjusted so that your shoulders arerelaxed and your wrists are straight?
r Are your elbows in a relaxed positionnear your body?
r Do you avoid resting your hands andwrists while typing or pointing?
r Do you avoid resting your hands andwrists on sharp edges?
r Do you avoid cradling the phonebetween your ear and shoulder?
r Are items you use frequently, such asyour phone and reference materials,easy to reach?
Eyes
r Do you rest your eyes frequently byfocusing on a distant point ?
r Do you get your eyes examinedregularly by a vision care specialist?
r Do you blink enough?
r If you wear bifocals or trifocals, doyou avoid tilting your head back to seethe monitor?
Typing Style
r Are you training yourself to lighten upwhen you find you are pounding onthe keys?
r If you are not a touch typist, have youbeen taking typing lessons?
r Are you training your fingers to relaxwhen they become tense?
r Do you use your whole arm to reachfor keys not located near the homerow?
6 SELF-CHECK
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Keyboard and Pointing Device
r Is your keyboard positioned directly infront of you?
r Are your keyboard height and slopeadjusted so that your wrists arestraight and your shoulders relaxed?
r If you are typing with the keyboard onyour lap, are your shoulders relaxedand your wrists straight?
r If you are using a mouse or detachedtrackball, is it placed to the immediateright or left of your keyboard?
r If you are using a mouse or trackball,are you holding it loosely, with arelaxed hand?
r Do you let go of your pointing devicewhen you are not using it?
r Are you using a light touch when youclick the buttons on your pointingdevice (mouse, trackball, touchpad,or pointing stick)?
r Are you cleaning your mouse ortrackball frequently?
Monitor
r Is your monitor positioned in front ofyou and at a comfortable viewingdistance, about arm’s length? Or if youlook at a paper document more thanyour monitor, is your documentholder in front of you with yourmonitor to one side?
r Are the text and images on yourmonitor easily visible in a comfortablyseated position?
r Have you eliminated glare and brightreflections on your monitor, withoutcompromising your posture?
r Is your monitor’s entire viewing arealocated just below your eye height?
r Is your monitor tilted so your face andthe monitor are parallel?
r Have you adjusted the brightness andcontrast controls to improve thequality of text and graphics?
r Is your document holder positionednear the monitor, at the same distance,height, and angle as the monitor?
6 SELF-CHECK
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General Prevention
r Do you take breaks and walk aroundbriefly, at least once per hour?
r Do you exercise regularly?
r Periodically, do you take inventory ofthe stress in your life and change whatis within your control to change?
r If you experience any symptoms thatyou think may relate to your using acomputer, whether you experiencethem during work or at other times,have you consulted a doctor and, ifavailable, your company’s health andsafety department?
Notebook Computing
r Do you change postures frequently?
r Do you avoid resting your wrists onyour thighs while typing?
r To avoid neck fatigue when using thecomputer on a sofa or bed, do youavoid reclining too far?
r Where possible, have you tried usinga full-size keyboard and detachedpointing device, such as a mouse ortrackball, with your notebookcomputer?
r Similarly, have you tried using a full-size monitor?
TIPS
Double-checkReview your postures and habits using
this checklist. Periodically reread
Chapters 1 through 5 of this Guide.
Listen to your bodyAnytime you make changes to your
tasks, work area, or posture, "listen"
to your body. Its signals of comfort or
discomfort will help you know whether
your adjustments are right.
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Introduction
Compaq products are designed to operatesafely when installed and used according togeneral safety practices. The guidelinesincluded in this chapter explain the potentialrisks associated with computer operation andprovide important safety practices designed tominimize these risks. By carefully followingthe information contained in this chapter, youcan protect yourself from hazards and create asafer computer work environment.
This chapter provides information on thefollowing topics:♦ Product safety policy♦ Product installation requirements♦ General safety precautions for all Compaq
products
If you have a serious concern regarding thesafe use of the equipment that your Compaqauthorized service provider cannot address,call Compaq Customer Support for your area.
Product Safety Policyand General Practice
Compaq products are designed and tested tomeet IEC 950, the Standard for the Safety ofInformation Technology Equipment. This isthe International ElectrotechnicalCommission's safety standard covering thetype of equipment that Compaq manufac-tures. Testing may include evaluation accord-ing to other criteria such as many of theinternational, national, and regional standardsbased on deviations to IEC 950.
Safety Standards
The IEC 950 standards provide general safetydesign requirements that reduce the risk ofpersonal injury to both the computer user andthe service provider. These standards protectagainst the following hazards:
♦ Electric shockHazardous voltage levels contained inparts of the product
♦ FireOverloads, temperature, materialflammability
♦ MechanicalSharp edges, moving parts, instability
♦ EnergyCircuits with high energy levels (240 voltamperes) or potential as burn hazards
♦ HeatAccessible parts of the product at hightemperatures
♦ ChemicalChemical fumes and vapors
♦ RadiationNoise, ionizing, laser, ultrasonic waves
7 IMPORTANT ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL SAFETY INFORMATION
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3
In all other countries, operate the product incommercial or residential structures thathave electrical installation in compliancewith local and regional office and residentialelectrical wiring codes such as InternationalElectrotechnical Commission (IEC) 364parts 1 through 7.
IMPORTANT: Do not use Compaqproducts in areas classified as hazardouslocations. Such areas include patient careareas of medical and dental facilities, oxygen-laden environments, or industrial facilities.Contact your local electrical authoritygoverning building construction, mainte-nance, or safety for more informationregarding the installation of any product.For more information, please consult theinformation, manuals, and literatureprovided with your product or contact yourlocal sales representative.
General Precautionsfor Compaq Products
Retain the product’s safety and operatinginstructions for future reference. Follow alloperating and usage instructions. Observe allwarnings on the product and in the operatinginstructions.
To reduce the risk of fire, bodily injury, anddamage to the equipment, observe thefollowing precautions.
Damage Requiring ServiceUnplug the product from the electricaloutlet and take the product to a Compaqauthorized service provider under thefollowing conditions:
♦ The power cord, extension cord, or plug isdamaged.
♦ Liquid has been spilled or an object hasfallen into the product.
♦ The product has been exposed to water.♦ The product has been dropped or damaged
in any way.♦ There are noticeable signs of overheating.♦ The product does not operate normally
when you follow the operating instructions.
InstallationRequirements
Compaq products operate safely when usedaccording to their marked electrical ratingsand product usage instructions. Use facilitiesthat comply with the following electricalcodes to ensure the safe operation ofCompaq products:
In the United States, operate the productin commercial or residential structuresthat have electrical installation in compli-ance with American National StandardsInstitute/National Fire Protection Associa-tion (ANSI/NFPA) 70, United StatesNational Electric Code, or ANSI/NFPA 75,Protection of Electronic Computer/DataProcessing Equipment, with branch circuitcurrent protection of up to 20 amperes.In Canada, operate the product incommercial or residential structures thathave electrical installation in compliancewith the Canadian Standards Association(CAN/CSA) C22.1, Canadian ElectricalCode.
7 IMPORTANT ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL SAFETY INFORMATION
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ServicingExcept as explained elsewhere in theCompaq documentation, do not service anyCompaq product yourself. Opening orremoving covers that are marked mayexpose you to electric shock. Serviceneeded on components inside thesecompartments should be done by aCompaq authorized service provider.Mounting AccessoriesDo not use the product on an unstabletable, cart, stand, tripod, or bracket. Theproduct may fall, causing serious bodilyinjury and serious damage to the product.Use only with a table, cart, stand, tripod,or bracket recommended by the manufac-turer, or sold with the product. Anymounting of the product should follow themanufacturer’s instructions, and shoulduse a mounting accessory recommendedby the manufacturer.
VentilationSlots and openings in the product areprovided for ventilation and should never beblocked or covered, since these ensurereliable operation of the product and protectit from overheating. The openings shouldnever be blocked by placing the product ona bed, sofa, carpet, or other similar, flexiblesurface. The product should not be placed ina built-in apparatus such as a bookcase orrack unless the apparatus has been specifi-cally designed to accommodate the product,proper ventilation is provided for theproduct, and the manufacturer’s instructionshave been followed.Water and MoistureDo not use the product in a wet location.Grounded (Earthed) ProductsSome products are equipped with a three-wire electrical grounding-type plug that has
a third pin for grounding. This plug only fitsinto a grounded electrical outlet. This is asafety feature. Do not defeat the safetypurpose of the grounding-type plug bytrying to insert it into a non-groundedoutlet. If you cannot insert the plug intothe outlet, contact your electrician toreplace the obsolete outlet.Power SourcesThe product should be operated only fromthe type of power source indicated on theproduct’s electrical ratings label. If youhave questions about the type of powersource to use, contact your Compaqauthorized service provider or local powercompany. For a product that operates frombattery power or other power sources,refer to the operating instructions includedwith the product.
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AccessibilityBe sure that the power outlet you plug thepower cord into is easily accessible andlocated as close to the equipment operatoras possible. When you need to disconnectpower to the equipment, be sure tounplug the power cord from the electricaloutlet.Voltage Select SwitchEnsure that the voltage select switch is inthe correct position for the type of voltageyou use (115 VAC or 230 VAC).Internal BatteryYour computer may contain an internalbattery-powered real-time clock circuit.Do not attempt to recharge the battery,disassemble it, immerse it in water, ordispose of it in fire. Replacement shouldbe done by a Compaq authorized serviceprovider using the Compaq spare part forthe computer.
Power CordsIf you have not been provided with apower cord for your computer or for anyAC-powered option intended for use withyour computer, you should purchase apower cord that is approved for use in yourcountry.
The power cord must be rated for theproduct and for the voltage and currentmarked on the product’s electrical ratingslabel. The voltage and current rating of thecord should be greater than the voltage andcurrent rating marked on the product. Inaddition, the diameter of the wire must bea minimum of 0.75 mm2/18AWG and thecord should be between 5 and 6.5 feet (1.5and 2 meters) long. If you have questionsabout the type of power cord to use, contactyour Compaq authorized service provider.Route the power cord so that it will not be
walked on, tripped over, or pinched byitems placed upon or against it. Payparticular attention to the plug, electricaloutlet, and the point where the cord exitsthe product.Protective Attachment PlugIn some countries, the product cord setmay be equipped with a wall plug havingoverload protection. This is a safetyfeature. If the plug needs to be replaced,be sure the Compaq authorized serviceprovider uses a replacement plug specifiedby the manufacturer as having the sameoverload protection as the original plug.Extension CordIf an extension cord or power strip is used,make sure that the cord or strip is rated forthe product and that the total ampereratings of all products plugged into theextension cord or power strip do notexceed 80% of the extension cord or stripampere ratings limit.
7 IMPORTANT ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL SAFETY INFORMATION
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Precautions forPortable ComputerProducts
In addition to the general precautionsdescribed earlier in this chapter, be sure toobserve the following precautions whenoperating a portable computer product.Failure to observe these precautions couldresult in fire, bodily injury, and damage tothe equipment.
Monitor Support CoverDo not place a monitor with an unstablebase or a monitor heavier than 55 pounds(25 kilograms) on top of a monitorsupport cover. Instead, place the monitoron a work surface next to the dockingbase.Rechargeable Battery PackDo not crush, puncture, or incinerate thebattery pack or short the metal contacts.In addition, do not attempt to open orservice the battery pack.Docking BaseTo avoid pinching your fingers, do nottouch the rear of the computer whendocking it into a base.
OverloadingDo not overload an electrical outlet,power strip, or convenience receptacle.The overall system load must not exceed80% of the branch circuit rating. If powerstrips are used, the load should not exceed80% of the power strip input rating.CleaningUnplug the product from the wall outletbefore cleaning. Do not use liquid cleanersor aerosol cleaners. Use a damp cloth forcleaning.HeatThe product should be placed away fromradiators, heat registers, stoves, or otherpieces of equipment (including amplifiers)that produce heat.Replacement PartsWhen replacement parts are required, besure the service provider uses replacementparts specified by Compaq.
Safety CheckUpon completion of any service or repairsto the product, have your Compaqauthorized service provider perform safetychecks to determine that the product is inproper operating condition.Options and UpgradesUse only the options and upgradesrecommended by Compaq.Hot SurfacesAllow the equipment’s internal compo-nents and hot-pluggable drives to coolbefore touching them.Object EntryNever push a foreign object through anopening in the product.
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In addition to the general precautionsdescribed earlier in this chapter, be sure toobserve the following precautions whenoperating server and network products.Failure to observe these precautions couldresult in fire, bodily injury, and damage tothe equipment.
Safety Interlocks and EnclosuresTo prevent access to areas containinghazardous energy levels, some servers areprovided with enclosures and safetyinterlocks. Many Compaq servers areinterlocked so that the power supply isdisabled when the enclosure cover isremoved. For servers provided with safetyinterlocks, observe the following precau-tions:♦ Do not remove enclosure covers or
attempt to defeat the safety interlocks.
♦ Do not repair accessories and optionsinside enclosed or interlocked areas of thesystem. Repair should be performed onlyby individuals who are qualified inservicing computer equipment andtrained to deal with products capable ofproducing hazardous energy levels.
Accessories and OptionsInstallation of accessories and options insafety interlocked areas should performedonly by individuals who are qualified inservicing computer equipment and trainedto deal with products capable of producinghazardous energy levels.Products with CastersProducts provided with casters should bemoved with care. Quick stops, excessiveforce, and uneven surfaces may cause theproduct to overturn.
Hot-Pluggable Power SuppliesObserve the following guidelines whenconnecting and disconnecting power to thepower supplies:♦ Install the power supply before connect
ing the power cord to the power supply.♦ Unplug the power cord before removing
the power supply from the server.♦ If the system has multiple sources of
power, disconnect power from thesystem by unplugging all power cordsfrom the power supplies.
Floor Standing ProductsBe sure the bottom stabilizers on theequipment are installed and fully ex-tended. Ensure that the equipment isproperly stabilized and supported beforeinstalling options and cards.
7 IMPORTANT ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL SAFETY INFORMATION
Precautions for Serverand Network Products
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Rack-Mountable ProductsBecause the rack allows you to stackcomputer components vertically, you musttake precautions to provide for rackstability and safety:♦ Do not move large racks by yourself.
Due to the height and weight of therack, Compaq recommends a minimumof two people to accomplish this task.
♦ Before working on the rack, be sure theleveling jacks (feet) extend to the floorand that the full weight of the rack restson the floor. Also install stabilizing feeton a single rack or join multiple rackstogether before starting work.
♦ Always load the rack from the bottomup, and load the heaviest item in therack first. This makes the rack bottom-heavy and helps prevent the rack frombecoming unstable.
♦ Ensure that the rack is level and stablebefore extending a component from therack.
♦ Extend only one component at a time.The rack may become unstable if morethan one component is extended.
♦ Use caution when pressing the compo-nent rail release latches and sliding acomponent into the rack. The slide railscould pinch your fingers.
♦ Do not overload the AC supply branchcircuit that provides power to the rack.The total rack load should not exceed80% of the branch circuit rating.
Precautions forProducts withExternal TelevisionAntenna Connectors
In addition to the general precautions de-scribed earlier in this chapter, be sure toobserve the following precautions when usingexternal television antennas with yourproduct. Failure to observe these precautionscould result in fire, bodily injury, and damageto the equipment.
CompatibilityCompaq television tuner cards with antennaconnections should be used only withCompaq personal computers that areintended for home use.External Television AntennaGroundingIf an outside antenna or cable system isconnected to the product, be sure theantenna or cable system is electricallygrounded to protect against voltage surgesand built-up static charges. Article 810 ofthe National Electrical Code, ANSI/NFPA70, provides information about properelectrical grounding of the mast andsupporting structure, grounding of the
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lead-in wire to an antenna discharge unit,size of grounding conductors, location ofantenna-discharge unit, connection togrounding electrodes, and requirements forthe grounding electrode.Lightning ProtectionTo protect a Compaq product during alightning storm or when it will be unat-tended and unused for long periods of time,unplug the product from the electricaloutlet and disconnect the antenna or cablesystem. This prevents damage to theproduct due to lightning and power linesurges.Power LinesDo not place an outside antenna system inthe vicinity of overhead power lines or otherelectric light or power circuits, or where itcan fall into power lines or circuits. Wheninstalling an outside antenna system, takeextreme care to avoid touching power linesor circuits, as contact with them could befatal.
Antenna GroundingThis reminder is provided to call the CATV(cable television) system installer’s attentionto Section 820-40 of the NEC (NationalElectrical Code), which provides guidelinesfor proper grounding and, in particular,specifies that the cable ground shall beconnected to the grounding system of thebuilding, as close to the point of cable entryas practical.1 Electric Service Equipment2 Power Service Grounding Electrode System
(NEC Art 250, Part H)3 Ground Clamps4 Grounding Conductors (NEC Section 810-21)5 Antenna Discharge Unit (NEC Section 810-20)6 Ground Clamp7 Antenna Lead in Wire
Antenna Grounding
67IMPORTANT ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL SAFETY INFORMATION
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In addition to the general precautions describedearlier in this chapter, be sure to observe thefollowing precautions when operating telecom-munications and network equipment. Failure toobserve these precautions could result in fire,bodily injury, and damage to the equipment.♦ Do not connect or use a modem or
telephone (other than a cordless type)during a lightning storm. There may be aremote risk of electric shock from lightning.
♦ Never connect or use a modem ortelephone in a wet location.
♦ Do not plug a modem or telephone cableinto the Network Interface Card (NIC)receptacle.
♦ Disconnect the modem cable beforeopening a product enclosure, touching orinstalling internal components, or touchingan uninsulated modem cable or jack.
♦ Do not use a telephone line to report a gasleak while you are in the vicinity of theleak.
Precautions forProducts with Modems,Telecommunications,or Local AreaNetwork Options
Precautions forProducts with LaserDevices
All Compaq systems equipped with a laserdevice comply with safety standards,including International ElectrotechnicalCommission (IEC) 825. With specific regardto the laser, the equipment complies with laserproduct performance standards set bygovernment agencies for a Class 1 laserproduct. The product does not emit hazardouslight; the beam is totally enclosed during allmodes of customer operation and mainte-nance.
Laser Safety WarningsIn addition to the general precautionsdescribed earlier in this chapter, be sure toobserve the following warnings whenoperating a product equipped with a laserdevice. Failure to observe these warningscould result in fire, bodily injury, anddamage to the equipment.
WARNING: To reduce the risk ofexposure to hazardous radiation:
♦ Do not try to open the unitenclosure. There are no user-serviceable components inside.
♦ Do not operate controls, makeadjustments, or performprocedures to the laser deviceother than those specified herein.
♦ Allow only Compaq AuthorizedService technicians to repair theunit.
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Compliance with CDRH RegulationsThe Center for Devices and RadiologicalHealth (CDRH) of the U.S. Food and DrugAdministration implemented regulations forlaser products on August 2, 1976. Theseregulations apply to laser products manu-factured from August 1, 1976. Complianceis mandatory for products marketed in theUnited States.
Compliance with InternationalRegulationsAll Compaq systems equipped with a laserdevice comply with appropriate safetystandards including IEC 825 and IEC 950.
Laser Product LabelThe following label or equivalent is locatedon the surface of your laser device. Thislabel indicates that the product is classifiedas a CLASS 1 LASER PRODUCT.
67 IMPORTANT ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL SAFETY INFORMATION
Laser Information
Laser Type
Wave Length
Divergence Angle
Output Power
Polarization
Numerical Aperture 0.45 inches +/- 0.04 inches
Circular 0.25
Less than 0.2 mW or 10,869 W·m-2 sr-1
53.5 degrees +/- 0.5 degrees
780 nm +/- 35 nm
Semiconductor GaAIAs
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If you want more information about arrange-ment of work space and equipment or safetystandards, consult the following references:
"American National Standard for HumanFactors Engineering of Visual Display TerminalWorkstations," ANSI/HFS Standard No. 100-1988. Human Factors Society, Inc., P.O. Box1369, Santa Monica, CA 90406.
Working Safely with Your Computer. Washington,D.C.: National Safety Council, 1991.
Or write to:
American National StandardsInstitute11 West 42nd St.New York, NY 10036TEL: (212) 642-4900FAX: (212) 398-0023http://www.ansi.orgEMAIL: [email protected]
National Institute for OccupationalSafety and Health (NIOSH)NIOSH Publications4676 Columbia Pkwy, MS C-13Cincinnati, OH 45226-1998TEL: (800) 356-4674FAX: (513) 533-8573http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/
homepage.htmlEMAIL: [email protected]
Human Factors and ErgonomicsSocietyANSI/HFS 100-1988 StandardP.O. Box 1369Santa Monica, CA 90406-1369TEL: (310) 394-1811FAX: (310) 394-2410http://hfes.orgEMAIL: [email protected]
International Standards Organization(ISO)Central SecretariatInternational Organization for Standardization1, rue de VarembéCase postale 56CH-1211 Genève 20, SwitzerlandTEL: +41 22 749 01 11FAX: +41 22 733 34 30http://www.iso.chhttp://www.iso.ch/infoe/stbodies.htmlEMAIL: [email protected]
For More Information
APPENDIX
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National Safety Council Library1121 Spring Lake Dr.Itasca, IL 60143-3201TEL: (630) 775-2199FAX: (630) 285-0242http://www.nsc.orgEMAIL: [email protected]
Occupational Safety and HealthAdministration (OSHA)Publications OfficeU.S. Department of Labor200 Constitution Ave. NW, Room N3101Washington, DC 20210http://www.osha.govhttp://www.osha-slc.gov/ergohttp://www.osha.gov/oshpubs/oshapubs
TCO Information Center150 North Michigan Ave., Suite 1200Chicago, IL 60601-7594TEL: (312) 781-6223FAX: (312) 346-0683http://www.tco-info.com/chicago.htmlEMAIL: [email protected]
6 APPENDIX
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