Ikegami Tsushinki Co., Ltd.

Sept 2016

UHK-430 – The Latest Technology

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INTRODUCTION

4K native sensors and a 3-chip prism deliver an ove rwhelming sense of

resolution. Compatible with B4 mount HD lenses, whi ch are widely used by

broadcasters and production houses, the UHK-430 ena bles high resolution 4K

shooting without wasting existing assets.

This document explains the latest innovative techn ologies employed in the

UHK-430 including its newly developed 2/3-inch nati ve 4K CMOS sensors and

next generation high speed video processor, AXII.

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Table of Contents

1. Sensors --------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------- 3

2. Comparison of Imaging Technology ------------------ ----------------------------- 5

3. High Speed Video Processor - AXII - ------------------------------------------ 9

4. Transmission Bandwidth ------------------------ ------------------------------------ 12

5. Future Expansion ------------------------------ ----------------------------------------- 13

6. Multi Interface ------------------------------- --------------------------------------------- 14

7. VoIP ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 16

8. HDR ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20

9. Mechanical Design ----------------------------- ---------------------------------------- 24

10. Focusing advantage----------------------------- --------------------------------------- 29

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1. Sensors

We have developed an image sensor to produce a nati ve 4K camera supporting

the 2/3 - inch bayonet lens mount. Compared with conven tional 2K image

sensors, 4K image sensors have 1/2 the pixel-pitch and 1/4 the total pixel area.

To achieve high performance 4K pixels, we needed to develop the sensor with

focus on its sensitivity, S/N and dynamic range.

The UHK-430 employs newly developed 2/3" 4K sensors .

They feature improved sensitivity thanks to an anti -

reflection coating on both sides of the cover glass .

The coating also minimizes the unwanted ghost

effects.

Image of cover glass

= AR coating

= cover glass

For further sensitivity improvement, the sensor has been designed with a

suitable micro-lens. It prevents the loss of sensi tivity when the iris is open.

Also thanks to the minimization of parasitic capaci tance of the floating diffusion

layer, the light to voltage conversion gain has bee n improved. Micro lens Floating Diffusion

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Specifications for Image Sensor

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2. Comparison of Imaging Technology

The UHK-430 employs 3 x CMOS sensors taking picture quality into

consideration. The following is a comparison among imaging types.

■ 3CMOS vs Single chip Bayer

-1. 3 chips with prism block

*RGB 4:4:4 output

-2. Single chip Bayer

*Resolution : 1/2G, 1/4R, 1/4B, 2:1:1

*De-Bayer process is required to create R/G/B compo nent signals

*To compensate the reduced pixel quantity, pixels m ust be interpolated

from adjacent pixels, meaning:

→→→→ less resolution

→→→→ Creates Aliasing

Single chip Bayer does not produce a full 4K signal , so resolution and

color reproduction are not as good as a 3chip model .

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-3. Advantage of Native 4K 3CMOS against Single Ch ip Sensor

・・・・Sensitivity

In the case of the Single-Chip Sensor, the wavelen gth region for each RGB

color channel is created by the On-Chip filter, so, the light in the wavelength

region where it is not intended is not used.

In contrast, in the case of the 3-Chip Sensor block , light is split by a prism,

separating the light by wavelength region for each image sensor of RGB.

All of the light for each color is directed to the corresonding sensor, resulting

in higher light utilization.

So, a camera with better S/N and sensitivity can be achieved with a 3-Chip

Sensor block.

・・・・Resolution

3CMOS achieves full resolution in RGB.

Single chip Bayer achieves 4K resolution by De-Baye r process, but the

resolution for any single color of RGB is equal to 2K.

・Aliasing

Various kinds of Interpolation algorithm are being developed regarding the

De-Bayer process, but, we can say it is difficult t o reconcile getting higher

resolution and less aliasing. If the optical low pa ss filter is specified for 4K

resolution, then spacial frequencies exceeding the Nyquist limit will produce

aliasing in the color channels, especially the R an d B channels.

Conversely, if the optical low pass filter is speci fied to limit aliasing, 4K

resolution in luminance can not be achieved.

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■ Native 4K sensor vs 2K pixel shift

Pixel shift is a method to increase resolution by s hifting the sensor pixels with

half pixel (half pitch) to interpolate the spacial information. There are two

methods, 3 chip pixel shift and 4 chip pixel shift.

-1. Advantage of pixel shift

*Limiting resolution in luminance signal is improve d.

-2. Disadvantage of pixel shift

*Sensor size remains unchanged, so R/G/B MTF is the same as that of 2K.

*3 chip pixel shift has significant loss of the ef fect because of lens

abberation, the limiting resolution does not improv e in the corners.

-3. Advantage of Native 4K 3CMOS againest 2K pixel shift

・・・・Resolution

Pixel shift is a method to increase resolution by s hifting pixels between 2K

image sensors by half pitch, complementing spatial information. There are

two methods for pixel shift. One is 3-Chip Pixel Sh ift, shifting the G-ch

image sensor half pitch compared to R/B , and anoth er is 4-Chip Dual G

(R,B,G1,G2),using two G-ch sensors.

Reduction of Aliasing by the pixel shift or dual Green

2K CMOS Aliasing Response limitation

2K CMOS Aliasing

4K MOS Aliasing

1000

4K CMOS Resolution

2K CMOS Resolution

2000 4000

Aperture 50%

(TVL)

0

0.5

0

(Response) 1

Sensor Response

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However, with both methods, it is not possible to g et 2 times the resolution

by shifting half pitch due to the following reasons .

Recent image sensors have higher aperture ratio for each pixel for higher

sensitivity, and the signal for spatial direction i s output as the integral

value of the pixel area.

So neighboring pixels at intervals of half pitch have some redundent ligh t

reception resulting in only 1.6 times the resolutio n even if every pixel is

ideally shifted by half pitch.

Especially, in the case of pixel shift with RGB cha nnels, even though there

is increased resolution at the center of the screen , the resolution does not

improve in the corners due to influence of chromati c aberration. And even

if the aberration is corrected in the camera DSP, i t is too late to improve the

spacial sampling of the incoming light.

・・・・Sensitivity

In the case of pixel shift with dual G channels and 4-Chip, the light is split

into two G channels by a half mirror, so, the sensi tivity is lowered to 1/2.

Moreover, the limiting F-value for most 3-Chip pri sms is F1.4, but in the

case of a 4-Chip prism, it is difficult to achieve F1.4 due to the prism

structure.

Therefore, if you use a lens having brighter maxim um aperture, there may

be no benefit due to the limitation of the dual G p rism.

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3. High Speed Video Processor - AXII -

Ikegami has developed a processing engine

for its next-generation HD, 4K and 8K

format cameras. This ASIC can perform high speed

processing of HD, 4K (4 x HD) and 8K (16 x HD)

super high-resolution video signals in various

formats and frame rates. The new processor,

called AXII incorporates features and interfaces

for broadcast camera systems. It delivers high

quality,high reliability and lower power consumptio n.

This AXII processor will be used as a platform AXII processor

to accelerate product development.

■ Features

- High Speed Signal Processing and Added-Value Featur es

Video processing is the core function of a camera's internal electronics. It

controls each correction circuit and the interface to external units such as lens

and viewfinder. High speed processing is needed to handle standards such as

HD, 4K and 8K.

- Built-in 16-Axis Color Correction

Chroma and hue level can be adjusted within 16-axes individually, for both

normal programme production and to allow color-matc hing with other cameras.

This high-level correction can be processed in real time.

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- 3D-LUT Color Gamut Correction

The ITU-R BT.2020

standard for 4K/8K covers

a wider area than BT.709 for

HD. The new Ikegami

processor conforms to ITU-

R BT.2020 and provides

color gamut correction for

varrious video formats with

a 3D-LUT system.

16-axis color matrix Original Color corrected as image

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- DDR3 Configuration

Using DDR3 SDRAM, lens chromatic aberration and noi se suppression features

become available. Digital Extender, video frame rat e conversion and viewfinder

picture-in-picture are also supported.

Picture- in-Picture Digital Extender

- Low Power Consumption and High Reliability

Camera system tasks such as video signal manipulati on, shading correction, lens

aberration correction, and interfacing between devi ces are all integrated in the

new processor. The processor allows high performanc e, low-power consumption

(40% lower than conventional model), lower operatin g temperature, and higher

reliability.

- Ikegami Cameras Processing Platform

The new processor will be implemented as the core o f new generation Ikegami

broadcast and POV cameras, significantly reducing d evelopment time and thus

ensuring prompt release of new products to the mark et.

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4. Transmission Bandwidth

4. ssioandwidth

The transmission bandwidth between the UHK-430 came ra head and the CCU-430

Camera Control unit is optical 40Gbps. Thanks to th is, the video signal from the

Image sensor block is transmitted to the CCU with u ncompressed 4:4:4 signal.

The 4K video singal processing is done at the CCU. This means the processing such

as lens abberation correction, DTL and color matrix are processed inside the CCU. It

is ideal to have uncompressed video signals availab le to these video processing

circuits – this is the reason why we employ 40Gbps bandwidth for the transmission

system..

In case the transmission is made with 4:2:2 bandwid th, it affects the chroma key

performance because the bandwidth of the color diff erence (Pb/Pr) signals is

restricted. Even when the output from the CCU is 4: 2:2, the 4:4:4 uncompressed

transmissiion produces better quality than compress ed 4:2:2 transmission. Our

40Gbps transmission system is transmitted as 4 x 10 Gbps with WDM (Wavelength

Division Multiplex). It has the advantage of extend ed bandwidth, and has no

disadvantage such as loss of transmission distance compared to other 10Gbps

transmission systems.

Signal Path between Camera and CCU

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5. Future Expansion

More complete functionality

The two piece construction provides good system fle xlibility, allowing you to

select a suitable optical block for your chosen app lication.

The ultra wide bandwidth fiber transmission achieve s the world's first

transmission of an uncompressed 4K signal.

The UHK-430 is designed as a system that delivers m ore complete functionality

to meet a wide range of operational requirements.

The unique two piece construction allows for easy s wap of the optical sensor

unit, such as an extension adaptor (to separate the optical head from the main

camera body) to meet different and future applicati ons.

Sensor unit and body extension aapor (Scheduled )

HFR (Scheduled)

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6. Multi Interface

4K output (3G-SDI x4) is available as standard. It is selectable between Quad Link

Square Division and 2 Sample Interleave (Level-A/B) .

Also, 4K/2KHD simultaneous output and 2K HD cut-out from the 4K image is

available (Option).

Moreover , the CCU-430 Camera Control Unit has been designed takin g into

consideration that it would support 12G-SDI, Simult aneous-Output and VoIP

interface etc. by swapping the rear plug-in module. So it has flexibility to support

future trends for 4K systems.

■ 12G-SDI Option Board

12G-SDI Option Board

It is possible to switch the outputs between 12G-SD I and 3G-SDI Quad Link.

The board is selectable among following three types according to customer’s

application.

1) 12G-SDI x8

2) 12G-SDIx4 + 3G-SDIx4

3) 3G-SDIx4 + 3G-SDI x4

Transmission Length for 12G-SDI Signal: Approx 70m (When using a low loss

coaxial cable)

*The transmission lengthwill change depending on th e type and manufacture of

the coaxial cable and the specification of the devi ce receiving the 12G-SDI

signal.

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■ Simultaneous-Output Option Board

HD_OUT Board

VP_OUT Board (STD)

By mounting HD_VP Board on CCU front side and HD_OU T Board on rear, 4K/2K

simulcast is available.

From VP_OUT Board : 4K Quad Link 2 CH 8 Output (OUT -1/OUT-2)

From HD_OUT Board: HD/3G-SDI 2 CH 8 Output (OUT-3/O UT-4)

From HD/3G-SDI from HD_OUT Board, down-converted si gnal and HD cut-out signal

from 4K can be output simultaneously.

Option Board Output Chart 4K Quad

LinkOutput

4K 12G-SDI

Output

HD D/COutput

HD Cut-Out

Output

HD D/C+Cut-outSimul-

4K&2Ksimul-

Out

Standard ✓ ✓

With Simul-Out OptionBoard

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

12G_OutOption Board

✓ ✓ ✓

12G_Out OptionBoard + Simul-Out OptionBoard

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

■ VoIP Option Board

The VoIP board capsulises the main video and audio signals, transmitting them

as a packet. VoIP transmission is available by an optional board.

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7. VoIP

Transporting separate video, audio, and metadata as independent IP multicast

streams is essential in order to realize IP-based b roadcast and media facilities

through the integration and interoperability of an open format.

As of April, 2016, Ikegami has joined alliances for IP media solutions such as,

AIMS, ASPEN, and TICO, facilitating transition to I P based systems design.

Flexibility and scalable mechanism in the IP techno logies are the key to handle

higher resolutions such as 4K and 8K and higher fra me rates such as 50/60P and

even 100/120P. They would also offer the most inte lligent solutions in light of

High Dynamic Range and Wider Color Space.

Ikegami products will be compliant to the following formats and standards,

supporting device discovery mechanism such as AMWA NMOS (Networked

Media Open Specifications) and Precision Time Proto col (PTP) timing

mechanism, distributed to endpoints by ST 2059-2 pr ofile IEEE1588v2 PTP.

AIMS (the Alliance for IP Media Solutions)

SMPTE 2022-5/6/7 of IP standards (video)

AES-67 (audio)

VSF (Video Services Forum) TR (Technical Recomme ndation)-03, -04

ASPEN (Adaptive Sample Picture Encapsulation)

SMPTE 2022 family of IP standards (video)

SMPTE ST 302 (audio over TS)

SMPTE ST 2038 (ancillary data over TS)

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o

n)

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* video, audio, and metadata as independent IP mult icast streams

Precision Time Protocol (PTP)

SMPTE 2022-7 of IP standards (hitless swithover)

Station timing will be distributed to endpoints by ST 2059-2 profile

IEEE1588v2 PTP

<4K PROCESSING (ASPEN & TICO) >

Ikegami is commited to provide native (rather than through transcoders) device

support for ASPEN for uncompressed 4K media exchang e,

and TICO for light weight, low latency compressed m edia exchange.

TICO (intoPIX© proprietary CODEC)

Light weight, low latency 4K compressed media ex change

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VC-2 (Snell Advanced Media© proprietary CODEC)

Light weight, low latency 4K compressed media ex change

ASPEN (Adaptive Sample Picture Encapsulation)

Uncompressed 4K media exchange

10GBase-X / 1GBase-T Ethernet

SMPTE 2022-6/7 ST2059-2 profile IEEE1588v2 PTP (Presision Time Protocol ) *TBA:AMWA NMOS (Newtork media Open Spesicfications)

Monitor

ENGINEERING

REMOTE ROUTING SWITCHER

Production Swither

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8. HDR

The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) ado pted HLG (Hybrid Log

Gamma) and PQ (Perceptual Quantization) as HDR formats in July 2016. The

features of the formats are as follows.

1. Hybrid Log Gamma – recommended for broadcast

The UHK-430 set for HDR matches the 1200% dynamic r ange of the HLG standard.

It is suitable to minimize the information loss of the camera video signal. The

curve figure after scaling is overwrapped to REC709 , and it starts to curve around

10% of voltage level, so it has the advantage to co mfortably operate with the VF

and standard monitors by adjusting only contrast.

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2. PQ (Perceptual Quantization) and iLog – recommen ded for NLE

PQ will be the main curve for Disk packaging to Ult ra HD Blu-Ray. For Disk

packaging, it may be possible to produce up to 4000 nits by expanding the

dynamic range. Cineon WorkSpace is a popular worksp ace, and it can convert to

PQ at the output. The material is required to have a Log curve that will match

Cineon Log for easy grading. Also it is important t o minimize the information loss

of the camera video signal. For this, Ikegami offer s iLog.

iLog is designed to work with Cineon WorkSpace effe ctively by setting several

primary data , and it can be used with the assets s uch as LUT and Profiles.

Also, for Hybrid Log Gamma, by using a LUT (Look Up Table) converted by iLog,

it can be graded by Cineon WorkSpace.

3. HDR monitoring

Looking at an SDR monitor with an HLG signal, the p icture will look like

reference white is low. The camera operator can mak e the dynamic range setting

and shot-angle decision by adjusting the contrast o f the VF or monitor. Also

because the reference white becomes lower, it may b e difficult to monitor 100%

reference. But iris adjustment will be practical by setting the Zebra to the

reference white of HLG. However, when a video engi neer adjusts the video level,

it is recommended to use an HDR monitor.

An important factor with the HDR monitor is to chec k the full dynamic range of

the material. With HLG the dynamic range can be che cked as the peak luminance

of the HDR display can be set by OOTF (Opto-Optical Transfer Function).

In general, it is ideal to do production with 100ni ts peak luminance. But for the

HDR montor at home, the peak luminance will be high er, including Disk

packaging made with PQ with up to 4000 nits brigh tness. So in these cases

you need an HDR monitor with high peak luminance. Depending on the

application, 2000 nits may be okay.

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4. HDR Camera System

Two types of HDR production may be made - Only HDR and HDR + SDR.

For HDR only, it needs not only higher luminance bu t also wider color gamut.

Therefore, HDR Gamma and wide gamut ITU-2020 must b e used together.

For HDR + SDR, the video adjustment should be made respectively as they have

different luminance and gamut. But it may be the c ase that HDR is the main

signal and SDR is tone mapped with basic adjustment . Or SDR may be main and

HDR is only with basic adjustment.

SDR tone mapping will be provided separately.

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9. Mechanical Design

Ergonomic Design

・・・・Light Weight, Low CG (Center of Gravity)

The UHK-430 is a fully new designed Native 4K camer a with new technologies

to keep the same weight as the Unicam HD series. Th e UHK-430 has a very low

CG (Center of Gravity) for stable operation.

Height of CG = 133mm (5.2 inch)

Height of Optics = 94mm (3.7 inch)

・・・・Adjustable Shoulder Pad

The shoulder Pad is newly designed to improve camer a operation. Soft

cushion material is covered by a grippy outside sur face. 35mm (1.4 inch) slide

mechanism enables good balance with heavy 4K lens.

*Slide range of the HDK-97A : 20mm (0.8 inch)

35mm

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・・・・Visibility of operator

The UHK-430’s body and handle are designed to impro ve visibility for the

camera operator. The camera operation has an incre ased view of the

opposite side because of the low profile of the fro nt of the camera.

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・・・・Cooling System

The internal structure of the camera is designed wi th thermofluid simulation

for an optimal cooling system. The camera has a la rge 60mm cooling fan for

the combination of low noise and competent air flow .

Diam：52mm

HDK-97A UHK-430

Diam：60mm

Air Flow Image

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・・・・New Tripod Adaptor T-430

- Eliminates backlash while maintaining compatibility with prior

Ikegami cameras. (*1)

- Quick mount / release mechanism without clicking no ise.

- Long-Life holding mechanism by improved spring.

- Stylish design in the same dimensions as the previo us model.

(*1) : New camera feet fits both T-430 and T-

791, but conventional feet do not fit T-430.

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・・・・SE-U430

- Quick lens mounting or removal with camera in SE -430.

- Toolless adjustment mechanism for perfect optica l axis alignment.

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10. Focusing advantage

4K Focus Assist

Everybody knows 4K video shooting requires more rig orous focusing than HD.

The UHK-430’s Focus Assist generates peaking edges from the original 4K

video and superimposes it to a 2K HD video signal f or the VF. It allows

extracting peaking edges at a higher frequency, and it helps the camera

operator to keep precision focusing for the 4K imag e.

＊＊＊＊The color of the peaking edge signal can be customi zed.

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UHK-430 – The Latest Technology

1st Edition: September 2016

Published in Marketing Department

Ikegami Tsushinki Co., Ltd.

© September 2016 Ikegami Tsushinki Co., Ltd.

- All rights reserved.

Reproduction or duplication, without permission of

Ikegami Tsushinki Co., Ltd. of editorial or pictorial content in whole or

in part, in any manner, is prohibited.

- Specifi cations and design are subject to change without prior notice.

- E & O.E

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