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UCL INSTITUTE OF ARCHAEOLOGY

ARCLG331: LATE EGYPTIAN LANGUAGE AND TEXTS

2017-18

Year 2/3 option, 0.5 unit

Turnitin Class ID: 3545373 Turnitin Password: IoA1718

Co-ordinator: Stephen Quirke s.quirke@ucl.ac.uk

Institute of Archaeology, room 409

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1 OVERVIEW Short description The course introduces students to compositions in the Late Egyptian phase of the Egyptian language (ca. 1400 to 1070 BC) written in hieroglyphs and the hieratic script. Week-by-week summary The oath of Akhenaten 1 9.01.2018, 4.00-6.00 2 16.01.2018, 4.00-6.00 Reading-list at pp.9-11 In praise of Per-Ramses 3 23.01.2018, 4.00-6.00 4 30.01.2015, 4.00-6.00 5 06.02.2018, 4.00-6.00 Reading-list at pp.11-12 The tomb robbery papyri 6 20.02.2018, 4.00-6.00 7 27.02.2018, 4.00-6.00 8 6.03.2018, 4.00-6.00 Reading-list at pp.12-13 Late Ramesside letters 9 13.03.2018, 4.00-6.00 10 20.03.2018, 4.00-6.00 Reading-list at pp.13-14 Basic texts A summary of Late Egyptian grammar will be circulated in class, based on three of the standard textbooks and on an earlier summary for this course by Richard Bussmann: Černý, J. and Groll, I. 1993. A Late Egyptian grammar. 4th ed. Rome: Editrice Pontificio Istituto

Biblico. EGYPTOLOGY V 5 CER Junge, F. 2001. Late Egyptian grammar: An introduction. Translated by David Warburton.

Oxford: Griffith Institute. EGYPTOLOGY V 5 JUN Neveu, F. 2015. The language of Ramesses: late Egyptian grammar. Translated by Maria

Cannata. Oxford: Oxbow. EGYPTOLOGY V 5 NEV The standard volume on the hieratic script remains: Moeller, G. 1910-1912. Hieratische Paläograpohie: die ägyptische Buchschrift in ihrer Entwicklung

von der fünften Dynastie bis zur römischen Kaiserzeit. Leipzig: Hinrich. Stores 392 QUARTOS V 8 MOL, INST ARCH Issue Desk MOL, available online: http://ancientworldonline.blogspot.co.uk/2014/02/mollers-hieratische-palaographie-online.html

For an updated bibliography on hieratic, see: http://www.hieratistik.uni-mainz.de/

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Methods of assessment This course is assessed by means of: (a) an essay of 2,500 words which contributes 50 % to the final grade for the course. (b) a two-hour written examination in May (50%); students are expected to answer 2 out of 3 questions. Teaching methods The course is taught through a series of lectures and seminars. Students are expected to prepare weekly a text passage for translation and transliteration in class. Workload There will be 20 hours of lectures for this course. Students will be expected to undertake around 40 hours of reading for the course, plus 30 hours preparing for and producing the assessed work, and an additional 60 hours on revision for the examination. This adds up to a total workload of some 150 hours for the course. Prerequisites Students planning to take this course will be expected either previously to have taken G328 Middle Egyptian Language, or to demonstrate comparable knowledge of Middle Egyptian language and the hieroglyphic script. 2 AIMS, OBJECTIVES AND ASSESSMENT Aims The course provides training in reading and interpreting late Egyptian texts. Objectives On successful completion of this course, a student should:

• Be able to read intermediate Late Egyptian texts

• Be able to transcribe hieratic texts into hieroglyphs

• Understand the interpretation of texts in their wider context Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, students should be able to demonstrate:

• Knowledge of how to apply grammar rules to passages of ancient writing

• Critical awareness of the potential and limitations in interpreting the written record

• Oral presentation skills Coursework General policies and procedures concerning courses and coursework, including submission procedures, assessment criteria, and general resources, are available in your Degree Handbook and on the Institute of Archaeology Intranet. It is essential that you read and comply with these. Note that some of the policies and procedures will be different depending on your status (e.g. undergraduate, postgraduate taught, affiliate, graduate diploma, intercollegiate, interdepartmental). If in doubt, please consult your course coordinator.

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Assessment tasks The submission deadline for the essay is Monday, 12th March 2018. Answer one of the following essay questions. For bibliography, see the titles at the end of this handbook and use the Online Egyptological Bibliography http://oeb.griffith.ox.ac.uk/ for additional references.

1. How might a close study of the language of the boundary stelae add to our knowledge of the aims behind the founding of Akhetaten? Illustrate your argument with examples of both Middle and Late Egyptian, and from both the Amarna Period and the period before it. Link your answer to the factors which have been identified by archaeologists, Egyptologists and historians as significant in the founding of Amarna. 2. On what scale did tomb robbery occur at the end of the New Kingdom? Illustrate your argument with hieratic, hieroglyphic transliteration, and translation of at least three lines from one or more Twentieth Dynasty sources, with brief comment on sentence patterns. Include a map of the area covered in the report, and assess critically the different versions of late Twentieth Dynasty history which you find in and beyond the reading-list.

If students are unclear about the nature of an assignment, they should discuss this with the course coordinator. Students are not permitted to re-write and re-submit essays in order to try to improve their marks. However, students may be permitted, in advance of the deadline for a given assignment, to submit for comment a brief outline of the assignment. The nature of the assignment and possible approaches to it will be discussed in class, in advance of the submission deadline. Word counts The following should not be included in the word-count: title page, contents pages, lists of figure and tables, abstract, preface, acknowledgements, bibliography, lists of references, captions and contents of tables and figures, appendices. Penalties will only be imposed if you exceed 2,625 words. Examination This course has a two hour unseen examination, which will be held during May; the specific date and time will be announced when the schedule of Undergraduate examinations is set by the College, as the timing will coincide with that. In the examination, students will have to answer 2 out of 3 questions: the questions contain passages to be transliterated and translated, with a total of two hieroglyphic excerpts from read in class, and two unseen passages. Previous examination papers, with a similar format and examples of the style of questions which will be asked, are available for consultation in the Institute Library, and are available on the UCL Web-site. A revision session to discuss the examination will be held in the first week of the third term.

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3 SCHEDULE AND SYLLABUS Teaching schedule Lectures will be held 16:00-18:00 on Monday, in room 412 of the Institute of Archaeology. Lecturer: Stephen Quirke Syllabus The following is an outline for the course as a whole; the reading-list pp.8-14 provides readings relevant to each part of the course. Information is provided as to where in the UCL library system individual readings are available; their location and status (whether out on loan) can also be accessed on the system. Copies of passages to be read will be circulated in class. I. Sessions 1-5: kingship inscriptions and literary manuscripts

stela N, after Davies 1908, pl.40

Sessions 1-2: The oath of Akhenaton

The reign of Akhenaten is known for the introduction of a new theology, expressed in a new visual style, pre-eminently at his new Residence city, Akhetaten (at modern Amarna). A ring of boundary stelae demarcates the terrain, and their inscriptions express in unusually direct terms the aims behind the founding of the city. The stelae introduce the transition from Middle to Late Egyptian; parts with the words of the king are among the earliest monumental inscriptions in Late Egyptian, which was otherwise used predominantly for letters, documents and literary compositions. We start with a reading of the oath sworn by Akhenaten, within a discussion of its context at Amarna, comparing the inscription content with the wider archaeological record. http://www.amarnaproject.com/pages/amarna_the_place/boundary_stelae/index.shtml Set passage 1. Akhetaten Boundary Stela U = Davies, Rock Tombs of Amarna V, pl.25, lines 9-14 online at https://archive.org/stream/rocktombsofelama17davi#page/n105/mode/2up = F. Junge, Late Egyptian grammar: An introduction, 2001, pp.70-74

Sessions 3-5: In praise of Per-Ramses From the Ramesside Period a dozen literary manuscripts preserve different series of short literary passages, from praises of deities and kings, to character portraits of different occupations, to copies of letters in a style to be emulated. Egyptologists have interpreted these “Late Egyptian Miscellanies” as functional devices for teaching pupils how to write, or for self-training at an advanced level. We read and discuss one passage containing the praises of Per-Ramses, the new city founded by Ramses II as his Residence. Set passage 2. Praise of Per-Ramses: Papyrus Anastasi II (British Museum EA10243), col.1,1-2,5 = A. Gardiner, Late Egyptian Miscellanies, 1937 12-13 = Caminos, Late Egyptian Miscellanies, 1954, 37-40 = F. Junge, Late Egyptian grammar: An introduction, 2001, pp.119-121

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II. Sessions 6-10 Deir el-Medina and life at the end of the New Kingdom

Deir el-Medina in 2007

The site at Deir el-Medina, known to its ancient inhabitants as “the village”, has attracted intensive study in Egyptology because of the extensive writings within its archaeological record. An unparalleled quantity of ostraca and papyri survive from the site, providing an insight into many areas of local life in the Ramesside period. The village was home, not to farmers, but to a “crew” of artists responsible for decorating the corridors and halls in the tomb of the reigning king. At the end of the New Kingdom, they lived through outbreaks of conflict, documented in part from two remarkable sets of manuscripts: the Tomb Robbery Papyri, and the Late Ramesside Letters.

Sessions 6-8 The tomb robbery papyri

The tomb robbery papyri are a collection of documents dating to the late Ramesside period. They record the checking of the Theban necropolis from el-Tarif to the North to the valley of the queens to the South and the trial against a series of tomb robbers. The documents shed light on the Theban microcosm and its setting between local affairs and the state, as much as on the archaeology of the Theban West bank and legal practice. We will read a selection of relevant passages in class in both hieratic and hieroglyphs. Set passage 3. Nine intact tombs, one robbed: summary of the inspection report, Papyrus Abbott (British Museum EA10221) col.3, 1-18 = T.E. Peet, The great tomb robberies of the Twentieth Egyptian Dynasty, 1930, pp.38-39 EGYPTOLOGY T 20 PEE

Sessions 9-10: Late Ramesside Letters

About seventy letters are known from the late Twentieth Dynasty, most apparently from a single group, centred on the correspondence of Djehutymes Tjary, principal accountant of the Project for decorating the tomb of the king, and his son Butehamun. Some letters involve the general Payankh, sent to fight for Ramses XI against the rebel governor of Nubia. Others provide details of social, personal and economic life within Deir el-Medina. We read one of the few preserved examples of correspondence between two women: Henutnetjeru addresses Tadiaset as “my sister” with a series of requests or orders, in which a basic knowledge of their language can shed light on questions of tone and formality/informality, within the wider theme of gender relations. Set passage 4. Letter from Henutnetjeru to Tadiaset: British Museum EA75018 = Demarée Demarée, R. 2006. The Bankes Late Ramesside Papyri, 2006, 11-14, pl.9-12 EGYPTOLOGY QUARTOS V 40 DEM

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4 ONLINE RESOURCES The full UCL Institute of Archaeology coursework guidelines are given here: http://www.ucl.ac.uk/archaeology/administration/students/handbook The full UCL Institute of Archaeology coursework guidelines are given here: http://www.ucl.ac.uk/archaeology/handbook/common/marking.htm . Moodle The course has a moodle page; the password will be announced in class. Databases, online catalogues, open access resources, link lists http://www.ucl.ac.uk/library/electronic-resources/databases for access to the Online Egyptological Bibliography (OEB). Click on link, then choose “o” in the alphabetical list and scroll down the list until you find the database. http://www.ancientworldonline.blogspot.com/ Portal for open access electronic resources http://www.digitalegypt.ucl.ac.uk/ Digital Egypt for universities run by UCL http://petriecat.museums.ucl.ac.uk/ Online catalogue of the Petrie Museum http://www.britishmuseum.org/ The British Museum http://www.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk/er/index.html Comprehensive list of Egyptological online resources run by the Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge http://www.sefkhet.net/Oxford-Net-Res.html Comprehensive list of Online Egyptological resources run by Griffith Institute, Oxford http://www.uee.ucla.edu/ UCLA Encyclopedia of Egyptology 5 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION Libraries and other resources In addition to the Library of the Institute of Archaeology, other libraries in UCL with holdings of particular relevance to this degree are: SOAS libraries: http://www.soas.ac.uk/library/ British Library: http://catalogue.bl.uk/ Senate House library: http://www.ull.ac.uk/ Egypt Exploration Society (for members only): http://library.ees.ac.uk/ Information for intercollegiate and interdepartmental students Students enrolled in Departments outside the Institute should obtain the Institute’s coursework guidelines from Judy Medrington (email j.medrington@ucl.ac.uk), which will also be available on the IoA website.

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Reading list

Essential archaeological and historical background Bard, K. 2007. An Introduction to the Archaeology of Ancient Egypt. Malden, Mass., Oxford:

Blackwell. EGYPTOLOGY A 5 BAR, ISSUE DESK IOA BAR 29 Kemp, B.J., 2006. Ancient Egypt. Anatomy of a Civilization. 2nd edition. London: Routledge. INST

ARCH ISSUE DESK KEM; EGYPTOLOGY B 5 KEM; available online through SFX Introductions and major syntheses Assmann, J. 2002. The mind of Egypt: history and meaning in the time of the Pharaohs.

Translated by Andrew Jenkins. New York: Metropolitan Books. EGYPTOLOGY B 12 ASS Baines, J. and J. Málek 2000. Cultural atlas of Ancient Egypt. Revised edition. New York: Fact on

file. EGYPTOLOGY QUARTOS A 2 BAI; ISSUE DESK IOA BAI 2 Baines, J. 2007. Visual and written culture in ancient Egypt. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

EGYPTOLOGY B 20 BAI; ISSUE DESK IOA BAI Baines, J. 2013. High Culture and Experience in Ancient Egypt. Sheffield: Equinox.

EGYPTOLOGY B 12 BAI Brewer, D. J. 2012. The Archaeology of Ancient Egypt: Beyond Pharaohs. Cambridge: Cambridge

University Press. EGYPTOLOGY E 5 BRE Eyre, C. 2013. The Use of Documents in Pharaonic Egypt. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

EGYPTOLOGY B 20 EYR Van de Mieroop, M. 2011. A History of Ancient Egypt. Malden, Oxford: Blackwell. EGYPTOLOGY

B 5 MIE Lloyd, A. B. (ed.) 2010. A Companion to Ancient Egypt. 2 volumes. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell.

EGYPTOLOGY A 5 LLO Lloyd, B. 2014. Ancient Egypt: State and Society. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

EGYPTOLOGY B 5 LLO Sasson, J. et al. (eds.) 1995. Civilizations of the Ancient Near East. Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson.

INST ARCH DBA 100 SAS; ANCIENT HISTORY QUARTOS B 5 SAS Shaw, I. (ed.) 2000. The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

EGYPTOLOGY B 5 SHA, ISSUE DESK SHA Trigger, B. G. 1993. Early Civilizations: Ancient Egypt in context. Cairo: The American University

in Cairo Press. INST ARCH BC 100 TRI; ISSUE DESK IOA TRI 6 Trigger, B. G. and A. Lloyd, B. Kemp, D. O’Connor 1983. Ancient Egypt. A social history.

Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. EGYPTOLOGY B 5 TRI, ISSUE DESK IOA TRI 1 Wendrich, W. (ed.) 2010. Egyptian Archaeology. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell. EGYPTOLOGY A 6

WEN Wengrow, D. 2006. The Archaeology of Early Egypt: Social Transformation in North-East Africa,

10,000 to 2650 BC. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. EGYPT B 11 WEN, ISSUE DESK IOA WEN 7

Wenke, R. J. 2009. The ancient Egyptian state: the origins of Egyptian culture (c. 800-2000 BC). New York: Cambridge University Press. EGYPTOLOGY B 6 WEN

Wilkinson, T. (ed.) 2007. The Egyptian World. London: Routledge. EGYPTOLOGY A 5 WIL, ISSUE DESK WIL 10

Wilkinson R. H. (ed.) 2008. Egyptology Today. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. EGYPTOLOGY A 9 WIL, ISSUE DESK WIL 16

Lexica and encyclopedias Bard, K. 1999. Encyclopedia of the Archaeology of Ancient Egypt. London: Routledge.

EGYPTOLOGY A 2 BAR; ISSUE DESK IOA BAR 17 Redford, D. B. (ed.) 2001. The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt. Oxford: Oxford University

Press. EGYPTOLOGY A 2 OXF Otto, E. and W. Helck (eds.) 1975ff. Lexikon der Ägyptologie. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz. [includes

English, German, and French articles] EGYPTOLOGY A 2 LEX

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Topographical bibliography of ancient Egyptian hieroglyphic texts, reliefs, and paintings. 8 volumes. EGYPTOLOGY A 1 [Originally compiled by R. Porter and R. L. B. Moss, hence nicknamed the “Porter and Moss”]

UCLA Encyclopedia of Egyptology: http://escholarship.org/uc/nelc_uee Ancient writings in translation Breasted, J. H. 2001 [1906-7], Ancient Records of Egypt: Historical documents from the earliest

times to the Persian conquest. Chicago: Chicago University Press/Urbana: University of Illinois EGYPTOLOGY T 6 BRE 4

Frood, E. 2007. Biographical texts from Ramessid Egypt. Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature. EGYPTOLOGY B 20 FRO

Kitchen, K. A. 1993-2012. Ramesside Inscriptions: Translated and Annotated. Vol. 1-6. Oxford: Blackwell. EGYPTOLOGY QUARTOS T 6 KIT

Lichtheim, M. and H.-W. Fischer-Elfert 2006. Ancient Egyptian literature: a book of readings. II. Berkeley, California: University of California Press. EGYPTOLOGY V 20 LIC

Murnane, W. J. 1995. Texts from the Amarna period in Egypt. Altanta, GA: Scholars Press. EGYPTOLOGY V 50 MUR

Pritchard, J. B. 1955. Ancient Near Eastern texts relating to the Old Testament, 2nd edition. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. INST ARCH DBA 100 QUARTOS PRI

Ritner, R. K. 2009. The Libyan anarchy: Inscriptions from Egypt’s Third Intermediate Period. Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature. EGYPTOLOGY T 6 RIT

Simpson, W. K. and R. K. Ritner 2003. The literature of ancient Egypt: An anthology of stories, instructions, and poetry. 3rd ed . New Haven, Connecticut, London: Yale University Press. EGYPTOLOGY V 20 SIM

Strudwick, N. 2005. Texts from the pyramid age. Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature. EGYPTOLOGY T 6 STR

Taylor, J. H. 2010. Journey through the afterlife: ancient Egyptian Book of the Dead. London: British Museum Press. EGYPTOLY QUARTOS V 50 BOO

Wente, E. F., 1990. Letters from ancient Egypt. Atlanta, Georgia.: Scholars Press. EGYPTOLOGY V 50 WEN

Akhetaten / al-Amarna

Editions and translations of ancient writings Helck, W. 1958. Urkunden der 18. Dynastie. Abteilung IV. Heft 22: Inschriften der Könige von

Amenophis III. bis Haremhab und ihrer Zeitgenossen. Berlin: Akademie-Verlag. Pages 1981-1988, particularly 1983.11-1986.17.

Murnane, W. J. 1993. The boundary stelae of Akhenaten. London, New York: Kegan Paul International. EGYPTOLOGY T 30 MUR

Murnane, W. J. 1995. Texts from the Amarna period in Egypt. Translated by William J. Murnane, edited by Edmund S. Meltzer. Atlanta, GA: Scholars Press. EGYPTOLOGY V 50 MUR

Sandman, M. 1938. Texts from the time of Akhenaten. Brussels: Édition de la Fondation égyptologique Reine Élisabeth.

Amarna: syntheses Assmann, J. 2001. The search for God in ancient Egypt. Translated from the German by David

Lorton. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. (Chapter 9 “The new gods”, p. 189-244) EGYPTOLOGY R 5 ASS

Kemp, B. J. 2012. The City of Akhenaten and Nefertiti: Amarna and Its People. London: Thames & Hudson. EGYPTOLOGY B 12 KEM

Amarna excavation reports Annual excavation reports by B. Kemp in Journal of Egyptian Archaeology from 1977. Available

through SFX and INST ARCH PERS (more recent issues)

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Kemp, B. J. 1984ff. Amarna reports I-X. London: Egypt Exploration Society. EGYPTOLOGY QUARTOS E 45 KEM

Kemp, B. J. and A. Stevens 2010. Busy lives at Amarna: excavations in the main city. London, Cambridge: Egypt Exploration Society and McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research. EGYPTOLOGY QUARTOS E 42 [90, 91]

Kemp, B. J. and S. Garfi 1993. A survey of the ancient city of El-'Amarna. London: Egypt Exploration Society. EGYPTOLOGY QUARTOS E 45 KEM

Davies, N. de G. 1903-1908. The Rock Tombs of Amarna I-VI. London: Egypt Exploration Fund. EGYPTOLOGY QUARTOS E 40 [passim]

Martin, G. T. The Royal Tomb at el-‘Amarna. London: Egypt Exploration Society. E 40 [39] Peet, T., Pendlebury, J. D. S. 1923-1951. The City of Akhenaten I-III. London: Egypt Exploration

Society. EGYPTOLOGY QUARTOS E 42 [38, 40, 44] Rose, P. 2007. The Eighteenth Dynasty Pottery Corpus from Amarna. London: Egypt Exploration

Society. EgGYTPOLOGY QUARTOS E 42 [83] Amarna archaeology http://www.amarnaproject.com/index.shtml Amarna Project (with additional bibliography) Kemp, B. J. 1987. The Amarna workmen’s village in retrospect. The Journal of Egyptian

Archaeology 73: 21-50. Available through www.jstor.org Kemp, B.J., 1989. Ancient Egypt. Anatomy of a Civilization. 1st edition, 261-317. London:

Routledge. INST ARCH ISSUE DESK KEM; EGYPTOLOGY B 5 KEM This chapter can be found only in the first edition of the book!

Kemp, B.J., 2006. Ancient Egypt. Anatomy of a Civilization. 2nd edition, 193-244. London: Routledge. INST ARCH ISSUE DESK KEM; EGYPTOLOGY B 5 KEM

Rose, J. and M. Zabecki 2009. The commoners of Tell el-Amarna. In Ikram, S. and A. Dodson (eds.), Beyond the Horizon: Studies in Egyptian Art, Archaeology and History in Honour of Barry J. Kemp, vol. 2, Cairo: Supreme Council of Antiquities, 408-422. EGYPTOLOGY QUARTOS A 6 KEM

Samson, J. 1978. Amarna, City of Akhenaten and Nefertiti: Nefertiti as Pharaoh. [No publisher’s place] EGYPTOLOGY QUARTOS C 11 UNI

Samuel, D. 1999. Bread making and social interactions at the Amarna Workmen's Village, Egypt. World Archaeology 33.1: 121-144. Available online through JSTOR

Shaw, I. 1992. Ideal homes in Ancient Egypt: the archaeology of social aspiration. Cambridge Archaeological Journal 2/2: 147-166. Available online through SFX

Spence, K. 2004. The Three-Dimensional Form of the Amarna House. The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 90: 132-152. Available online through JSTOR

Spence, K. 2010. Settlement structure and social interaction at el-Amarna. In Bietak, M. and E. Czerny (eds.) 2010. Cities and urbanism in ancient Egypt, 289-298. Wien: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. EGYPTOLOGY QUARTOS E 20 BIE

Stevens, A. 2003. The Material Evidence for domestic religion at Amarna and preliminary remarks on its interpretation. Journal for Egyptian Archaeology 89: 143-168. Available through www.jstor.org

Tietze, C. (ed.), Amarna: Lebensräume – Lebensbilder – Weltbilder. Weimar: Arcus-Verlag. EGYPTOLOGY M 5 TIE

Amarna art and religion Aldred, C. 1973. Akhenaten and Nefertiti. London: Thames and Hudson. EGYPTOLOGY K 5 ALD Arnold, D. 1996. The Royal Women of Amarna: Images of Beauty from Ancient Egypt. New York:

Metropolitan Museum of Art. EGYPTOLOGY QUARTOS M 10 ARN Assmann, J. 1989. State and religion in the New Kingdom, in Allen, James P. (ed.): Religion and

philosophy in Ancient Egypt, 55–88. New Haven: Yale University. EGYPTOLOGY R 5 ALL Assmann, J. 1992. Akhanyati’s theology of light and time. Jerusalem: Israel Academy of Sciences

and Humanities. EGYPTOLOGY R 5 ASS

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Bryan, B. 2010. New Kingdom Sculpture. In Lloyd, A. B. (ed.), A Companion to Ancient Egypt II, 913-943. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell. EGYPTOLOGY A 5 LLO

Foster, J. L. 1995. The Hymn to the Aten: Akhenaten Worships the Sole God. In Sasson, J. et al. (eds), Civilizations of the Ancient Near East III, 1751-1761. Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson. INST ARCH DBA 100 SAS; ANCIENT HISTORY QUARTOS B 5 SAS

Freed, R. E. and Y. J. Markowitz 1999. Pharaohs of the Sun: Akhenaten, Nefertiti, Tutankhamen. County Museum: Los Angeles; Leiden: Rijksmuseum van Oudheden; Boston: Museum of Fine Arts. EGYPTOLOGY M 5 FRE

Houston Museum of Natural Science, Walters Art Gallery; Museum of Fine Arts (eds) 1982. Egypt’s Golden Age: the Art of Living in the New Kingdom, 1558-1085. Boston: Museum of Fine Arts. EGYPTOLOGY QUARTOS M 5 FRE

Krauss, R. 1995. Akhetaten: A Portrait in Art of an Ancient Egyptian Capital. In Sasson, J. et al. (eds), Civilizations of the Ancient Near East II, 749-762. Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson. INST ARCH DBA 100 SAS; ANCIENT HISTORY QUARTOS B 5 SAS

Laboury, D. 2011. Amarna Art. In Cooney, K. M. and W. Wendrich (eds.), UCLA Encyclopedia of Egyptology, Los Angeles. http://escholarship.org/uc/item/0n21d4bm

Reeves, C. N. 2005. Akhenaten: Egypt’s False Prophet. London: Thames & Hudson. EGYPTOLOGY B 12 REE

Seyfried, F. (ed.) 2012. In the Light of Amarna: 100 Years of the Nefertiti Discovery. Petersberg: Michael Imhof Verlag [ask course coordinator for a copy]

Stevens, Anna 2006. Private religion at Amarna: The material evidence. Oxford: Archaeopress. INST ARCH EGYPTOLOGY QUARTOS E 100 STE

Weatherhead, F. J. 2007. Amarna Palace Paintings. London: Egypt Exploration Society. EGYPTOLOGY QUARTOS E 42 [78]

Late Egyptian Miscellanies

Text edition and translation Caminos, R. 1954. Late-Egyptian miscellanies. EGYPTOLOGY V 50 CAM. Translations of the

papyri as presented in the Gardiner edition. Gardiner, A. 1937. Late-Egyptian miscellanies. Bruxelles: Fondation Égyptologique Reine

Élisabeth. EGYPTOLOGY V 20 GAR The transcriptions that form the basis of further studies.

Comments, interpretation and historical background Amer, Amin A. M. A. 1996. Some observations on the statue-cults of Ramesses II. Journal of the

Society for the Study of Egyptian Antiquities 26, 1-7 INST ARCH PERS Fischer-Elfert, Hans-Werner 2016. In praise of Pi-Ramesse - a perfect trading center (including

two new Semitic words in syllabic orthography; Ostr. Ashmolean Museum HO 1187). In P. Collombert et al. (eds), Aere perennius: mélanges égyptologiques en l'honneur de Pascal Vernus, 195-218. Leuven: Peeters EGYPTOLOGY A 6 VER

Goelet Jr., O. 2008. Writing Ramesside hieratic: what the Late Egyptian Miscellanies tell us about scribal education. In D'Auria, S. (ed.), Servant of Mut: studies in honor of Richard A. Fazzini, 102-110. Leiden: Brill EGYPTOLOGY QUARTOS M 6 DAU

Habachi, L. 1969. Features of the deification of Ramesses II. Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin EGYPTOLOGY QUARTOS R 5 HAB

Helck, Wolgang 1966. Zum Kult an Königsstatuen. Journal of Near Eastern Studies 25 (1), 32-41. ONLINE through JSTOR English abstract at http://oeb.griffith.ox.ac.uk

Hill, M. 2015. Later life of Middle Kingdom monuments: investigating Tanis. In A. Oppenheim (ed.), Ancient Egypt transformed: the Middle Kingdom. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, 294-299. EGYPTOLOGY QUARTOS M 5 OPP

Katary, S. 1983. Cultivator, scribe, stablemaster, soldier: the late-Egyptian miscellanies in light of P. Wilbour. In Hoffmeier, J. and E. Meltzer (eds), Egyptological miscellanies. A tribute to Professor Ronald J. Williams, 71-93. Chicago, IL: Ares EGYPTOLOGY A 6 HOF

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Ragazzoli, C. 2008. Éloges de la ville en Égypte ancienne: histoire et littérature, Paris: PUPS. EGYPTOLOGY B 20 RAG

Sadek, Ashraf Iskander 1987. Popular religion in Egypt during the New Kingdom. Hildesheim: Gerstenberg. EGYPTOLOGY R 5 SAD See chapter 3 for stelae from the Per-Ramses area.

Spalinger, Anthony 2003. Encomia and Papyrus Anastasi II. In Quirke, S. (ed.), Discovering Egypt from the Neva: the Egyptological legacy of Oleg D. Berlev. Berlin: Achet-Verlag, 123-144. EGYPTOLOGY QUARTOS A 6 BER

Spalinger, A. New Kingdom eulogies of power: a preliminary analysis. In Kloth, N., K. Martin, and E. Pardey (eds), Es werde niedergelegt als Schriftstück: Festschrift für Hartwig Altenmüller zum 65. Geburtstag. Hamburg: Buske, 415-428. EGYPTOLOGY T 6 KLO

Uphill, E. 1984. The temples of Per Ramesses. Warminster: Aris & Phillips EGYPTOLOGY E 100 UPH

Tomb robbery papyri

Text edition and translation Capart, J., Gardiner, A., van de Walle, B. 1936. New light on the Ramesside tomb-robberies.

Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 22, 169-193. ONLINE through JSTOR Peden, Alexander J. 1994. Egyptian historical inscriptions of the twentieth dynasty. Jonsered:

Aströms. EGYPTOLOGY T 6 PED Peet, T. E. 1920. The Mayer Papyri A & B. London. 392 LARGE FOLIOS 116 and 2 FOLIOS T 20

MAY Peet, T. E. 1930. The great tomb robberies of the Twentieth Egyptian Dynasty: Being a critical

study, with translations & commentaries, of the papyri in which these are recorded. Oxford. EGYPTOLOGY T 20 PEE

Comments, interpretation and historical background Dodson, A. M. 1988. The Tombs of the Kings of the Early Eighteenth Dynasty at Thebes. ZÄS

115: 110–123. INST ARCH PERS Graefe, Erhart 2003. The royal cache and the tomb robberies. In Strudwick, N. and John H. Taylor

(eds), The Theban necropolis: past and future, 74-82. London: British Museum Press. EGYPTOLOGY E 100 STR

Jansen-Winkeln, Karl 1992. Das Ende des Neuen Reiches. Zeitschrift für ägyptische Sprache und Altertumskunde 119, 22-37. INST ARCH PERS English abstract at http://oeb.griffith.ox.ac.uk

Jansen-Winkeln, Karl 1995. Die Plünderung der Königsgräber des Neuen Reiches. Zeitschrift für ägyptische Sprache und Altertumskunde 122, 62–78. INST ARCH PERS English abstract at http://oeb.griffith.ox.ac.uk

Jansen-Winkeln, Karl 1997. Die thebanischen Gründer der 21. Dynastie. Göttinger Miszellen 157, 49-74 INST ARCH PERS English abstract at http://oeb.griffith.ox.ac.uk

Jansen-Winkeln, Karl 2006. Relative chronology of Dyn. 21. In Hornung, Erik, Rolf Krauss, and David A. Warburton (eds), Ancient Egyptian chronology, 218-233. Leiden: Brill. EGYPTOLOGY B 10 HOR

Jansen-Winkeln, Karl 2016. Kingship and priesthood at the dawn of the Third Intermediate Period, a new political model? In Giovetti, P. and D. Picchi (eds), Egypt: millenary splendour: the Leiden collection in Bologna, 384-389. Milano: Skira EGYPTOLOGY C 27 BOL

McDowell, A. 1990. Jurisdiction in the Workmen's Community of Deir el-Medina. Leiden: Nederlands Instituut voor het Nabije Oosten. EGYPTOLOGY QUARTOS B 20 MCD

Reeves, C. N. 1990. Valley of the Kings: The decline of a royal necropolis. London: Kegan Paul Internat. EGYPTOLOGY E 100 REE

Reeves, N. and R. H. Wilkinson 1996. The complete Valley of the Kings: tombs and treasures of Egypt's greatest pharaohs. London: Thames and Hudson. EGYPTOLOGY E 7 REE

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Ridealgh, Kim 2014. A tale of semantics and suppressions: reinterpreting Papyrus Mayer A and the so-called 'War of the high priest' during the reign of Ramesses XI. Studien zur Altägyptischen Kultur 43, 359-373 INST ARCH PERS

Rummel, Ute 2014. War, death and burial of the High Priest Amenhotep: the archaeological record at Dra' Abu el-Naga. Studien zur Altägyptischen Kultur 43, 375-397 INST ARCH PERS

Smith, S. T. 1992. Intact tombs of the 17th and 18th dynasties from Thebes and the New Kingdom burial system. Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Abteilung Kairo 48: 193-231. INST ARCH PERS

Strudwick, Nigel 2013. Ancient robbery in Theban tombs. In Creasman, P. P. (eds), Archaeological research in the Valley of the Kings and ancient Thebes: papers presented in honor of Richard H. Wilkinson, 333-352. [Tucson, AZ]: University of Arizona Egyptian Expedition. EGYPTOLOGY E 6 WIL

Taylor, John H. 1992. Aspects of the history of the Valley of the Kings in the Third Intermediate Period. In Reeves, C. N. (ed.), After Tut’ankhamun: research and excavation in the Royal Necropolis at Thebes, 186-206. London: Kegan Paul. Issue Desk IOA REE 4

Taylor, John H. 1998. Nodjmet, Payankh and Herihor: the end of the New Kingdom reconsidered. In Eyre, C. J. (ed.), Proceedings of the Seventh International Congress of Egyptologists, Cambridge, 3-9 September 1995, 1143-1155 ISSUE DESK IOA INT 1

Vernus, P. 2003. Affairs and scandals in Ancient Egypt. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press Translated from the French (1993) by David Lorton. EGYPTOLOGY B 20 VER

Winlock, H. E. 1924. The tombs of the kings of the Seventeenth Dynasty at Thebes. Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 10: 217-277 ONLINE through JSTOR

The Theban mapping project: http://www.thebanmappingproject.com/

Late Ramesside Letters

Text edition and translation Černý, J. 1939. Late Ramesside letters. Bruxelles: Fondation Égyptologique Reine Élisabeth.

EGYPTOLOGY V 40 CER The transcriptions that form the basis of further studies. Demarée, R. 2006. The Bankes Late Ramesside Papyri. London: British Museum Press. Additions

to the Černý corpus. EGYPTOLOGY QUARTOS V 40 DEM Janssen, J. 1991. Late Ramesside letters and communications. London: British Museum Press.

EGYPTOLOGY QUARTOS T 20 BRI Additions to the Černý corpus, with photographs including the items published by Černý.

Lesko, L. 1975. Glossary of the Late Ramesside letters. EGYPTOLOGY V 7 LES Dictionary for the Černý corpus, applying the translations by Wente.

Wente, E. 1967. Late Ramesside letters. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. EGYPTOLOGY V 40 WEN Translation of and commentary on the letters published by Černý.

Comments and interpretation Bakir, 'Abd el-Moḥsen 1970. Egyptian epistolography from the Eighteenth to the Twenty-first

Dynasty. Cairo: Institut français d'Archéologie orientale. Habachi, L. [1984] 2001. Tell el-Dabʻa. I, Tell el-Dabʻa and Qantir, the site and its connection with

Avaris and Piramesse. Vienna: Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften. EGYPTOLOGY QUARTOS E 100 TEL

McDowell, A. G. 2001. Village life in ancient Egypt: Laundry lists and love poems. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press. EGYPTOLOGY B 20 DOW

Ridealgh, Kim 2016. Polite like an Egyptian? Case studies of politeness in the Late Ramesside Letters. Journal of Politeness Research 12.2, 245-266 https://doi.org/10.1515/pr-2016-0007

Shubert, S. Does she or doesn’t she? Female literacy in ancient Egypt. In Proceedings of the Near and Middle Eastern Civilizations Graduate Students’ Annual Symposia 1998-2000, Toronto 2001, pp.55-76 DBA 100 NEA

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Sweeney, Deborah 1998. Women and language in the Ramesside Period or, why women don't say please. In Eyre, C. (ed.), Proceedings of the Seventh International Congress of Egyptologists, 1109-1117. Leuven: Peeters. ISSUE DE SK IOA INT 1

Sweeney, D. 2001. Correspondence and dialogue: pragmatic factors in late Ramesside letter writing. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz. EGYPTOLOGY QUARTOS V 40 SWE

Deir el-Medina

Online resource: http://dmd.wepwawet.nl/ database of inscribed material, with general bibliography Edited volumes on Deir el-Medina Demarée, R. J. And A. Egberts (eds) 1992. Village voices. Leiden: Centre of Non-Western

Studies. EGYPTOLOGY 50 DEM Dorn, A. and T. Hofmann (eds.) 2006. Living and writing in Deir el-Medine: socio-historic

embodiment of Deir el-Medine texts. Basel: Schwabe. EGYTPOLOGY QUARTOS A 6 DOR Janssen, J. J. and E. Frood, M. Goecke-Bauer 2003. Woodcutters, potters and doorkeepers:

service personnel of the Deir el-Medina workmen. Leiden: Nederland Instituut voor het Nabije Oosten. EGYPTOLOGY B 20 JAN

Lesko, L. H. (ed.) 1994. Pharaoh’s workers: The villagers of Deir el Medina. Ithaca, London: Cornell University Press. EGYPTOLOGY B 20 LES

Studies and syntheses of Deir el-Medina Černý, J. 1973. A community of workmen at Thebes in the Ramesside period. Cairo: Institut

français d’Archéologie orientale. EGYPTOLOGY E 28 CER Cooney, K. M. 2007. The cost of death: the social and economic value of ancient Egyptian

funerary art in the Ramesside period. Leiden: Nederlands Instituut voor het Nabije Oosten. EGYPTOLOGY B 20 CCO

Janssen, J. J. 1975. Commodity Prices from the Ramessid Period: An Economic Study of the village of necropolis workmen at Thebes. Leiden: Brill. EGYPTOLOGY B 12 JAN

Meskell, L. 1999. Archaeologies of social life: Age, sex, class et cetera in Ancient Egypt. Oxford: Blackwell. EGYPTOLOGY B 20 MES

Meskell, L. 2002. Private life in New Kingdom Egypt. Princeton, Oxford: Princeton University Press. EGYPTOLOGY B 20 MES

Toivari-Viitala, J. O. 2001. Women at Deir el-Medina: A study of the status and roles of the female inhabitants in the workmen’s community during the Ramesside period. Leiden: Nederlands Instituut Voor Het Nabije Oosten. EGYPTOLOGY B 20 TOI

Vari, J. 1997. Man versus woman: Impersonal disputes in the Workmen's community of Deir el-Bahari. Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 40: 153-173. Available through SFX

Further primary sources for Deir el-Medina Bruyère, B. 1924-1953. Rapport sur les fouilles de Deir el-Médineh I-XVI. Cairo: Institut français

d’archéologie orientale. EGYTPOLOGY QUARTOS E 22 DEI Černý, J and A. H. Gardiner. 1957. Hieratic ostraca I. Oxford: Griffith Institute. Stores 392 LARGE

FOLIOS 154 and 155 Gardiner, A. H. 1935. Hieratic Papyri in the British Museum. Third series. Chester Beatty Gift.

London: British Museum. EGYPTOLOGY FOLIOS T 20 BRI and EGYPTOLOGY T 20 BRI