LESSON 18: INTERVALS IV

u SUGGESTIONS FOR LISTENING

lesson examples:

• Robert Schumann (1810–1856), Symphony No. 2 in C Major, first movement (1846).• Modest Musorgsky (1839–1881) Pictures at an Exhibition for piano, “The Gnome” (1874).• Claude Debussy (1862–1918), Petite Suite for piano four hands, “Ballet” (1889).

melodies featuring thirds:

• John Dunstable (c. 1390–1453), “Quam pulchra es” (1400s).• Johann Sebastian Bach (1685–1750), Concerto in D Minor for Two Violins and Orchestra,

third movement (1731).• Johann Sebastian Bach (1685–1750), The Well-Tempered Clavier, Book 2, Prelude in D# Minor

(1740).• Ludwig van Beethoven (1770–1827), Piano Concerto No. 2 in B∫ Major, op. 19, third move-

ment (1795).• Franz Joseph Haydn (1732–1809), Trio in G Major for violin, cello, and piano, third move-

ment (“Gypsy Rondo”) (1795).• Ludwig van Beethoven (1770–1827), String Quartet in C Minor, op. 18, no. 4, fourth move-

ment (1800).• Johannes Brahms (1833–1897), Violin Sonata No. 3 in D Minor, op. 108, third movement

(1888).• “The Caisson Song” (Edmund L. Gruber, 1908).

� “O-ver hill, o-ver dale / We will hit the dust-y trail . . .”• Claude Debussy (1862–1918), “Les tierces alternées,” Préludes, book 2, no. 11 (1913).• Béla Bartók (1881–1945), String Quartet No. 2, op. 17, second movement (1917).• “Always” (Irving Berlin, 1925).

� “I’ll be loving you / Al-ways / With a love that’s true / Al-ways . . .”• George Gershwin (1898–1937), Prelude No. 2 for piano (1926).• “ ’S Wonderful” (George and Ira Gershwin, from Funny Face, 1927).

� “ ’S Won-der-ful, ’S Mar-ve-lous / You should care for me . . .”• “Stormy Weather” (Harold Arlen, Ted Koehler, 1933).

� “Don’t know why / There’s no sun up in the sky / Storm-y weath-er . . .”• “It’s De-Lovely” (Cole Porter, from Red, Hot, and Blue, 1936).

� “It’s de-light-ful, it’s de-li-cious, it’s de-love-ly . . .”• “Over the Rainbow” (Harold Arlen, E. Y. Harburg, from The Wizard of Oz [film], 1939).

� “Some-day I’ll wish up-on a star . . .”• “The Surrey with the Fringe on Top” (Richard Rodgers, Oscar Hammerstein II, from Okla-

homa!, 1943). � “When I take you out to-night with me . . .”

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LESSON 18: INTERVALS IV

• “Following the Leader” (Oliver Wallace, Ted Sears, Winston Hibler, from Peter Pan [film],1953).

� “Tee dum, tee dee / A tee-dle-ee do tee day . . .”• Fifteen Character Pieces: Lullaby, Rag.

melodies featuring fourths:

• Domenico Scarlatti (1685–1757), Sonata in A Major, L. 395 (1700s).• Ludwig van Beethoven (1770–1827), Piano Sonata in A∫ Major, op. 110, third movement,

fugue theme (1822). � The fugue begins after a slow introduction at around 3:23.

• Frederick Chopin (1810–1849), Fantasy in F Minor, op. 49 (1841).• Richard Wagner (1813–1883), Lohengrin, Bridal Chorus (popularly known as “Here Comes

the Bride”) (1850).• Johannes Brahms (1833–1897), Symphony No. 2 in D Major, op. 73, fourth movement

(1877).• Aleksandr Borodin (1833–1887), String Quartet No. 1 in A Major, third movement (1879).• Gustav Mahler (1860–1911), Kindertotenlieder (Friedrich Rückert), no. 3, “Wenn dein Müt-

terlein” (1904).• Arnold Schoenberg (1874–1951), Kammersymphonie No. 1, op. 9 (1906).• Darius Milhaud (1892–1974), Saudades do Brazil, “Paysandu” (1921).• “Exactly Like You” (Jimmy McHugh, Dorothy Fields, from Lew Leslie’s International Revue,

1930). � “I know why I’ve wait-ed / Know why I’ve been blue . . .”

• “All the Things You Are” (Jerome Kern, Oscar Hammerstein II, from Very Warm for May,1939).

� “You are the prom-ised kiss of spring-time / That makes the lone-ly win-ter seem long . . .”

• “The More I See You” (Harry Warren, Mack Gordon, from Diamond Horseshoe [film], 1945). � “The more I see you / The more I want you . . .”

• “When I Fall In Love” (Victor Young, Edward Heyman, from One Minute to Zero [film],1952).

� “When I fall in love / It will be for-e-ver . . .”• “Lollipop” (The Chordettes [Beverly Ross, Julius Dixon], 1958).

� “Lol-li-pop, Lol-li-pop, Oh, lol-li, lol-li, lol-li . . .”• “Tradition” (Jerry Bock and Sheldon Harnick, from Fiddler on the Roof, 1964).

� “Tra-di-tion . . .”• “The Look of Love” (Burt Bacharach, Hal David, from Casino Royale [film], 1967).

� “The look of love / Is in your eyes . . .”

melodies featuring fifths:

• Franz Joseph Haydn (1732–1809), String Quartet, op. 76, no. 2 (“Fifths”), first movement(1797).

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LESSON 18: INTERVALS IV

• Anton Bruckner (1824–1896), Symphony No. 4 in E∫ Major, first movement (1874).• Antonin Dvorak (1841–1904), Symphony No. 9 in E Minor (“From the New World”), third

movement (1893).• Richard Strauss (1864–1949), Also Sprach Zarathustra (1896).• Gustav Holst (1874–1934), The Planets, “Mars, the Bringer of War” (1916).• Maurice Ravel (1875–1937), String Quartet in F, second movement (1903).• “Blue Skies” (Irving Berlin, from Betsy, 1926).

� “Blue skies, smil-ing at me . . .”• “March of the Winkies” from The Wizard of Oz (1939).

� The ditty sung by the marching guards at the witch’s castle just moves back and forth between the two notes of a perfect fifth.

• “One Boy” (Charles Strouse, Lee Adams, from Bye Bye Birdie, 1960). � “One boy, one spe-cial boy . . .”

• “Can’t Help Falling in Love” (Elvis Presley [Luigi Creatore, Hugo Peretti, George DavidWeiss], from Blue Hawaii, 1961).

� “Wise men say . . .”• “Hey Jude” (The Beatles [Paul McCartney], 1968).

� “Hey Jude, don’t make it bad / Take a sad song . . .”• “In-A-Gadda-Da-Vida” (Iron Butterfly [Doug Ingle], from In-A-Gadda-Da-Vida, 1968).

� “In-A-Gad-da-Da-Vi-da . . .”• “Feelings” (Morris Albert, from Feelings, 1975).

� “Feel-lings, nothing more than feel-ings . . .”

melodies featuring sixths:

• George Frideric Handel (1685–1759), Concerto Grosso in B∫ Major, op. 6, no. 7, first move-ment (1739).

• Ludwig van Beethoven (1770–1827), Piano Sonata in G Minor, op. 49, no. 1 first movement(1797).

• Ludwig van Beethoven (1770–1827), Piano Sonata in D Minor, op. 31, no. 2 (“Tempest”),third movement (1802).

• Frederick Chopin (1810–1849), Nocturne in E∫ Major, op. 9, no. 2 (1832).• Robert Schumann (1810–1856), Scenes from Childhood, op. 15, first movement (“Of Foreign

Lands and People”) (1838).• Richard Wagner (1813–1883), Prelude to Tristan und Isolde (1859).• Johannes Brahms (1833–1897), Hungarian Dance No. 4 in F Minor for piano four hands

(1868).• Antonin Dvorak (1841–1904), Piano Trio, op. 90 (“Dumky”), first movement (1891).• Scott Joplin (1867/8–1917), “The Entertainer” (1902).• “Bye Bye Blues” (David Bennett, Chauncey Gray, Frederick Hamm, Bert Lown, 1930).

� “Bye bye, blues . . .”

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LESSON 18: INTERVALS IV

• “Between the Devil and the Deep Blue Sea” (Harold Arlen, Ted Hoehler, from Rhyth-Mania,1931).

� “I don’t want you, but I’d hate to lose you / You’ve got me . . .”• “Take the ‘A’ Train” (Duke Ellington, Billy Strayhorn, 1941).• “Everybody Loves Somebody” (Ken Lane, Irving Taylor, 1948)

� “Ev-’ry-bod-y loves some-bod-y some-time . . .”• “It Happens Every Spring” (Josef Myrow, Mack Gordon, from It Happens Every Spring [film],

1949). � “It hap-pens ev-’ry spring / The world is young a-gain . . .”

• “Oliver!” (Lionel Bart, from Oliver!, 1960). � “Ol-i-ver! Ol-i-ver! . . .”

• “Misery” (The Beatles [John Lennon, Paul McCartney], from Please Please Me, 1963). � “I’m the kind of guy / Who nev-er used to cry . . .”

• “Surfer Girl” (The Beach Boys [Brian Wilson], from Surfer Girl, 1963). � “Lit-tle surf-er, lit-tle one / Made my heart come all un-done / Do you love me, do

you surf-er girl?”• Theme (“Where Do I Begin?”) from Love Story [film] (Francis Lai, Carl Sigman, 1970).

� The main melody is constructed almost entirely of minor and major sixths between consecutive notes.

• “Jazzman” (Carole King [Carole King, David Palmer], from Wrap Around Joy, 1974). � “When the jazz-man’s tes-ti-fy-in’ . . .”

• “My Bonnie Lies Over the Ocean” (traditional). � “My Bon-nie lies o-ver the o-cean . . .”

melodies featuring sevenths:

• Johann Sebastian Bach (1685–1750), Partita No. 2 in C Minor for harpsichord, Rondeau(1731).

• Ludwig van Beethoven (1770–1827), String Quartet in D Major, op. 18, no. 3, first move-ment (1800).

• Richard Wagner (1813–1883), Prelude to Tristan und Isolde, second theme (1859). � The second theme begins in the cellos at around 1:48.

• “I Love You” (Cole Porter, from Mexican Hayride, 1944). � “ ‘I love you,’ hums the A-pril breeze. / ‘I love you,’ e-cho the hills . . .”

• “Red Roses for a Blue Lady” (Sid Tepper, Roy Brodsky, 1948). � “I want some red ros-es for a blue la-dy . . .”

• “Somewhere” (Leonard Bernstein, Stephen Sondheim, from West Side Story, 1957). � “There’s a place for us . . .”

• “Once in a Lifetime” (Leslie Bricusse, Anthony Newley, from Stop the World—I Want to Get

Off, 1962). � “Just once in a life-time . . .”

• Theme from “Star Trek” (Alexander Courage, 1966).• “Don’t Know Why” (Norah Jones [Jesse Harris], from Come Away With Me, 2002).

� “I wait-ed ’til I saw the sun . . .”

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LESSON 18: INTERVALS IV

melodies featuring octaves:

• Johann Sebastian Bach (1685–1750), Two-Part Invention in F Major (1720).• Johann Sebastian Bach (1685–1750), Fugue from Fantasia and Fugue in G Minor (1725).• Johann Sebastian Bach (1685–1750), Italian Concerto for harpsichord, third movement

(1735).• Johann Sebastian Bach (1685–1750), The Well-Tempered Clavier, Book 2, Fugue in B Minor

(1740).• Luigi Boccherini (1743–1805), String Quintet in E Major, op. 11, no. 5, third movement

(Minuet) (1771).• Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756–1791), Symphony No. 29 in A Major, K. 201, first move-

ment (1774).• Franz Joseph Haydn (1732–1809), String Quartet in E∫ Major, op. 33, no. 2, second move-

ment (1781).• Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756–1791), Sonata for Violin and Piano in E∫ Major, K. 380,

first movement (1781).• Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756–1791), Symphony No. 35 in D Major, K. 385 (“Haffner”),

first movement (1782).• Franz Joseph Haydn (1732–1809), String Quartet in G Minor, op. 74, no. 3, first movement

(1793).• Ludwig van Beethoven (1770–1827), Piano Concerto No. 1 in C Major, op. 15, first move-

ment (1795).• Ludwig van Beethoven (1770–1827), Piano Sonata in G Major, op. 14, no. 2, first movement

(1799).• Sergey Prokofiev (1891–1953), Symphony No. 1 in D (“Classical”), third movement (1917).• “Singin’ in the Rain” (Nacio Herb Brown, Arthur Freed, 1929).

� “I’m sing-in’ in the rain . . .”• “Over the Rainbow” (Harold Arlen, E. Y. Harburg, from The Wizard of Oz [film], 1939).

� “Some-where o-ver the rain-bow . . .”• “When You Wish Upon a Star” (Leigh Harline, Ned Washington, from Pinocchio [film],

1940). � “When you wish up-on a star / Makes no dif-f’rence who you are . . .”

• “Bali Ha’i” (Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein II, from South Pacific, 1949). � “Ba-li Ha’i may call you . . .”

melodies featuring compound intervals:

• Johann Sebastian Bach (1685–1750), Harpsichord Partita no. 2 in C Minor, Capriccio (1731).• Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756–1791), Piano Sonata in G Major, K. 283, first movement

(1775).• Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756–1791), String Quartet in B∫ Major, K. 458 (“Hunt”), sec-

ond movement (1784).• Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756–1791), Symphony No. 33 in B∫ Major, K. 319, third

movement (1785).

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LESSON 18: INTERVALS IV

• Ludwig van Beethoven (1770–1827), Piano Sonata in C Minor, op. 10, no. 1, first movement(1797).

• Franz Joseph Haydn (1732–1809), String Quartet in C Major, op. 76, no. 3 (“Emperor”),third movement (1797).

• Franz Joseph Haydn (1732–1809), String Quartet in E∫ Major, op. 76, no. 6, third movement(1797).

• Ludwig van Beethoven (1770–1827), Sonata for Horn and Piano in F Major, op. 17, thirdmovement (1800).

• Ludwig van Beethoven (1770–1827), String Quartet in E∫ Major, op. 74 (“Harp”), firstmovement (1809).

• Nicolò Paganini (1782–1840), Violin Concerto No. 1, op. 6, first and third movements(1816).

• Frederick Chopin (1810–1849), Ecossaise No. 1 in D Major, op. 72, no. 3 (1829).• Robert Schumann (1810–1856), Davidsbündlertänze for piano, no. 1 (1837).• “All I Ask of You” (Andrew Lloyd Webber, Charles Hart, from The Phantom of the Opera,

1986). � “Say you love me ev-’ry wak-ing mo-ment . . .”

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