Tyvek and Tychem Protective Clothing · Technical Handbook The DuPont Oval, DuPont™, The miracles of ... N263 test method using Aloxite dust and a pressure differential across the

Tyvek®and Tychem®

Protective Clothing

Technical Handbook

The DuPont Oval, DuPont™, The miracles of science™, Tyvek® and Tychem® are registeredtrademarks or trademarks of DuPont or its affiliates.

2 Fabric physical properties

3 Fabric particle barrier

3 Protection against blood and blood-borne pathogens

4 Liquid chemical penetration andrepellency data

5 Chemical permeation

6 How to use the permeation data

7 Chemical permeation data

18 Electrostatic charging and grounding

20 Chemical protective clothing “Types”

21 Storage and shelf life

21 Disposal

Contents

2

Fabric physical properties

MD = Machine DirectionXD = Cross DirectionNT = Not TestedN/A = Not Applicable

* Tyvek® (style 1431N) can be colour printed. Some of the property value of coloured Tyvek® may differ slightlyfrom those shown for white Tyvek® (style 1431N). Flammability

Tyvek®(style 1431N), Tychem® C andTychem® F fabrics are not flame resistantand should not be used close to fires,sparks, flames or sources of intense heat.

Tyvek® (style 1431N) melts at 135°C.The polymer coatings on Tychem® C andTychem® F melt at 98°C.

Property Test method Tyvek®1431N Tychem® C Tychem® F

Abrasion resistance EN 530 (method 2) 100 cycles 2000 cycles 2000 cycles

Air permeability ISO 5636-5 20 s Air impermeable Air impermeable

Basis weight ISO 536 41 g/m2 83g/m2 120 g/m2

Burst resistance ISO 2960 (50 cm2) 108 kPa N/A N/A

Burst resistance EN ISO 13938-2 N/A 142 kPa 240 kPa

Colour N/A white* yellow / green grey / orange

Exposure to high N/A Melting point 135 °C Garment seams open Garment seams opentemperature at 98 °C at 98 °C

Exposure to low N/A Flexibility retained down Flexibility retained down Flexibility retained downtemperature to -73 °C to-73 °C to -73 °C

Flex cracking resistance ISO 7854 (method B) > 100 000 cycles 100 000 cycles > 5000 cycles < 15 000 cycles

Linting propensity BS 6909 (method Shirley 21) Pass rating: Excellent N/A N/A

Puncture resistance EN 863 10,8 N 18,5 N 24 N

Shelf life 10-year accelerated Pass - should not be Pass - should not be Pass - should not be ageing test stored in direct sunlight stored in direct sunlight stored in direct sunlight

Surface resistivity at EN 1149-1 4.8x109 Ohm (rib surface) 5.4 x109 Ohm (inside surface) 4.8 x109 Ohm (inside surface)25% relative humidity 1.7x1010 Ohm (smooth surface) 1.0 x1013 Ohm (outside surface) 1.0 x1013 Ohm (outside surface)

Thickness EN 20534 130 µm 175 µm 210 µm

Trapezoidal tear ISO 9073-4 26,1/30,6 N 23,1/30,9 N 27,6/37,1 N resistance (MD/XD)

Fabric particle barrier Protection against blood and blood-borne pathogens

Particle barrier is measured by exposing a fabric to a particle challenge and thendetermining the penetration of particlesthrough the fabric by means of a particlecounter. The particle counter determinesthe number of particles which have penetrated through the fabric per definedsize range (see figure 1).

In the absence of a European testmethod for particle barrier of breathablefabrics for protective clothing, DuPont hasmeasured the particle barrier of Tyvek®

(style 1431N) to Aloxite dust according toa proposed European test method and to Chrysotile asbestos fibres according to a Haskell laboratory test method.

Tychem® C has passed penetration testsaccording to ASTM ES21 and ASTM ES22at 2 psi (≈ 14 kPa) with synthetic blood andsurrogate viruses so that it may be used to protect against body fluids, blood andblood-borne pathogens.

Tyvek® (style 1431N) passes ASTM ES21and ASTM ES22 when conducted at a pres-sure of 1 psi (7 kPa).

(ASTM ES21 and ASTM ES22 testmethod numbers have been changed toASTM F1670 and ASTM F1671 respec-tively.)

P1

P2

Fig. 1 Test chamber

Aerosol generator

Aerosol distribution duct

To ParticlecounterTest jigFabric

Clean particulefree air

3

Table 1 Particle barrier of Tyvek®

(Typ 1431N)Table 2 Asbestos fibre barrier of Tyvek®

(Typ 1431N)

Particle Challenge Penetration fluxsize concentration (No. pcles.min.m2

(µm) (No. pcles/litre) per 1000 pcles.l-1)

1.0 – 1.5 47 042 1

1.5 – 2.0 10 384 2

>2.0 7 054 0

Fibre length Mean fibre Mean asbestoschallenge fibre barrier(fibres/mm2) efficiency

(%)

All fibre41 558 99.08

lengths

All fibres longer36 584 99.18

than 0.5 µm

Particle barrier data for Tyvek®

(style 1431N)Measured according to CEN/TC 162 WG3N263 test method using Aloxite dust and a pressure differential across the fabric of 1 Pa. Data from the Institute of Occupa-tional Medicine (UK) (see table 1).

Asbestos fibre barrier data for Tyvek®

(style 1431N)Haskell laboratory test method – datafrom the DuPont Haskell Laboratory usingChrysotile asbestos fibres (see table 2).

4

Liquid chemical penetration and repellency data

Liquid chemical penetration is a physicalprocess whereby a liquid penetrates afabric by passing through pores or holesin the fabric.

The European standard EN 368(referred to as the “gutter test”) measuresliquid penetration through a fabric and liquid repellency by a fabric.

In this test, the protective fabric to betested is placed in an inclined gutter (45°)which is lined with an absorptive fabric.10 ml of liquid is poured in 10 secondsonto the top of the test fabric via a nozzle.

Any liquid which penetrates the fabricvia the fabric pores within 1 minute isexpressed as a percentage of the originalquantity poured onto the fabric.

The amount of liquid collected in thedetector beaker after 1 minute is alsoexpressed as a percentage of the originalquantity and is a measure of the repellencyof the fabric.

Test material

Detector beaker to collectand measure repelled liquid

Absorptivedetectormaterial tomeasurepenetratedliquid

Supportivegutter

Splash nozzle

Fig. 2 Gutter test

Table 3 Penetration data for Tyvek® (style 1431N) – EN 368

Penetration RepellencyChemical index (%) index (%)

Acetic acid (30%) 0.0* 95.4

Acetic acid (50%) 0.0* 95.4

Ammonium hydroxide (30% NH3 in water) 0.0* 91.5

Cobalt sulphate saturated solution 0.0* 94.9

Ethylene glycol 0.0* 98.0

Formic acid (30%) 0.0* 95.4

Formic acid (50%) 0.0* 93.4

Glycerol 0.0* 94.9

Hydrochloric acid (30%) 0.0* 96.7

Hydrochloric acid (36%) 0.0* 95.4

Hydrogen peroxide (30%) 0.0* 95.5

Isopropanol 0.5 90.2

Mercuric chloride saturated salt solution 0.0* 95.0

n-Heptane 2.6 74.3

Nitric acid (30%) 0.0* 96.2

Nitric acid (50%) 0.0* 96.0

Olive oil 0.0* 80.0

Phosphoric acid (30%) 0.0* 97.7

Phosphoric acid (50%) 0.0* 97.6

Potassium chromate saturated solution 0.0* 96.0

Potassium hydroxide (40%) 0.0* 97.8

Sodium acetate saturated salt solution 0.0* 95.5

Sodium benzoate saturated salt solution 0.0* 93.9

Sodium cyanide (45%) 0.0* 94.3

Sodium hydroxide (10%) 0.0* 93.6

Sodium hydroxide (40%) 0.0* 99.0

Sodium hypochlorite solution (12% Chlorine) 0.0* 95.5

Sulphuric acid (30%) 0.0* 96.8

Sulphuric acid (50%) 0.0* 97.5

Water/surfactant (surface tension 0.03 N/m) 0.0* 99.5

Caution must be applied when interpret-ing penetration results according to EN 368 which simulates exposure to smallamounts of chemicals (10 ml) for 1 minuteduration only.

For example, Tyvek® (style 1431N) eas-ily absorbs n-Heptane and Isopropanoland when exposed to larger quantities for

longer than one minute, considerable percentages of these chemicals wouldpass through Tyvek® (style 1431N).

To determine whether a fabric with alow penetration index is really a barrierto a specific liquid chemical, please refer to the chemical permeation data.

Note: 0*= Below detection limit

5

Chemical permeation

What is permeation?Permeation is the process by which ahazardous liquid chemical moves througha protective clothing fabric on a molecu-lar level. Permeation can be representedby the following simplified diagram (see figure 3).

Measuring permeationThe resistance of a protective clothingfabric to permeation by a potentially hazardous chemical is determined bymeasuring the breakthrough time and the permeation rate of the chemicalthrough the fabric.

Permeation tests are conducted following the ASTM F739, EN 369 or EN 374-3 test methods.

Schematic of a permeation test cellThe outside surface of a test fabric is expo-sed to a liquid chemical or gas using a permeation test cell (see figure 4). Break-through of the chemical to the inside fabricsurface is monitored by sampling the collection side of the cell and analyticallydetermining when the chemical has permeated across the fabric.

Permeation rateThe rate at which the hazardous chemi-cal permeates through the test fabric. Permeation rate is expressed as a mass of hazardous chemical flowing through afabric area per unit of time (see figure 5).

Steady state permeation rate (SSPR)The constant permeation rate that occursafter breakthrough when the chemicalcontact is continuous and all forces affect-ing permeation have reached equilibrium(see figure 5).

Minimum detectable permeation rate (MDPR)The minimum permeation rate that can be detected during a permeation test.MDPR is a function of the sensitivity of the analytical measurement technique,the volume into which the permeatedchemical is collected and the samplingtime. Minimum detectable permeationrates can be as low as 0.001 µg/cm2·min in certain cases.

480 MinActual ASTM F 739 EN 369/374-3

SSPR

MDPR

Permeation rate(µg/cm2·min)

0.1

1.0

Time(min)

12 3

Fill level

Reservoir for hazardouschemical

To analyser

Protective fabricFlushing of chamber or discrete sampling

Fig. 4 Permeation test cell

Fig. 3 Permeation Fig. 5 “Typical” permeation cell results

Sorption of molecules of liquidonto the contracted(outside) surface of the fabric.

Diffusion of the sorbedmoleculesacross the fabric.

Desorption of the molecules from the opposite (inside) surface of the fabric.

1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3

6

Actual breakthrough timeThe average time elapsed between initialcontact of the chemical with the outsidesurface of the fabric and the detection of the chemical at the inside surface bythe analytical device.

An actual breakthrough time of >480 minutes and a permeation rate of“nd” (not detected) does not mean break-through has not occurred. It means that permeation was not detected afteran observation time of eight hours. Permeation may have occurred, but at a rate less than the minimum detectablepermeation rate (MDPR) of the analy-tical device. MDPR can vary dependingon the chemical or on the analyticaldevice.

When selecting a chemical barrier fabric,the MDPR and expected exposure timesare used to determine if the level of pro-tection is sufficient taking into accountthe toxicity of the chemical used.

Normalized breakthrough time – according to ASTM F739The average elapsed time between initial contact of the chemical with theoutside surface of the fabric and the time at which the chemical is detected at the inside surface of the fabric at a permeation rate of 0.1 µg/cm2·min.

Normalized breakthrough time – according to EN 369The average elapsed time between initial contact of the chemical with theoutside surface of the fabric and the time at which the chemical is detected at the inside surface of the fabric at a permeation rate of 1 µg/cm2·min. Thus the breakthrough time is ‘normalized’ as it is independent of the analyser sensitivity.

A normalized breakthrough time of >480 minutes means that the averagepermeation rate never reached thedefined rate of 1.0 µg/cm2·min. Howeverthe chemical may have actually broken through.

Performance classification of normalized breakthrough timesAccording to the European standards for Chemical Protective Clothing, theresistance of clothing materials to perme-ation by chemicals must be measuredaccording to EN 369 or EN 374-3. Thenormalized breakthrough times are clas-sified into six performance classes. Forthe European standard, the correlationtable between the normalized break-through time in minutes and the perfor-mance class is shown in table 4.

The permeation data on the followingpages is organized alphabetically.

The data was generated for DuPontby independent accredited testing laboratories. Unless otherwise stated,permeation tests were conducted atroom temperatures (25°C ± 2°C).

Permeation rates are temperaturedependent and typically increase withtemperature.

The results reported in this handbookare averages from at least three separatesamples.

Permeation reportsCopies of the complete individual chemical permeation reports and sup-porting permeation curves (where supplied by the testing laboratory) forchemical data contained within the permeation tables are available fromDuPont on request.

No chemical permeation data for your chemical?DuPont can facilitate the independentpermeation testing of your specific chemical or chemical mixtures with theDuPont barrier fabrics.Please contact the Techline Teamdirectly.

Chemical mixturesPermeation characteristics of a mixtureof chemicals can often deviate consider-ably from the behaviour for the individualchemicals. If protection against a mixtureof hazardous chemicals is required, werecommend you contact the TechlineTeam for expert advice.

Normalizedbreakthrought time(EN 369/EN 374-3) ENin minutes class

≥10 1

≥30 2

≥60 3

≥120 4

≥240 5

≥480 6

Table 4

How to use the permeation data

Chemical permeation data

Physical stateThe phase of the challenge chemical during the test being reported:

SolidLiquidGas

CAS no.Chemical Abstract Service Number. Thenumber is unique for each chemical.

Definition of terms

7

8

L CAS-no. 79-10-7 Actual ASTM EN 369 EN SSPR MDPRmin min min Class µg/cm2·min

Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C imm imm nm – 5.4 nmTychem® F 348 >480 >480 6 0.001 0.001

Acrylic acid


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C imm imm nm – >0.1 nmTychem® F 4 12 >480 6 0.57 0.001

Acrylonitrile


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® F 3 >480 >480 6 0.04 0.001

Allyl alcohol


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® F imm >480 >480 6 <0.1 0.05

Allyl chloride

G CAS-no. 7664-41-7 Actual ASTM EN 369 EN SSPR MDPRmin min min Class µg/cm2·min

Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C imm imm imm – 3.1 0.001Tychem® F 55 79 >480 6 0.76 0.001

Ammonia


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) imm imm imm – 16.7 0.014Tychem® C imm imm imm – 62 nmTychem® F >480 >480 >480 6 <0.1 0.1

Ammonium hydroxide (30% NH3 in water)



Amyl acetate-n


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C imm imm imm – 2.1 0.14Tychem® F >480 >480 >480 6 <0.05 0.05

Aniline


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® F 38 109 >480 6 0.56 0.001

Acetaldehyde


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) imm imm imm – 13.5 0.001Tychem® C nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® F nt nt nt – nt nt

Acetic acid (30%)


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C imm imm nm – 3 nmTychem® F >480 >480 >480 6 <0.02 0.02

Acetic acid (glacial)


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C imm imm imm – 10 nmTychem® F 125 >480 >480 6 0.06 0.001

Acetone


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C imm imm imm – 16 nmTychem® F 84 157 >480 6 0.19 0.003

Acetronitrile



Acrolein


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® F >480 >480 >480 6 <0.01 0.01

Acrylamide (50%)

Permeation data

Key: imm = immediate nm = not measured > = greater than L = liquid S = solidnt = not tested nd = nothing detected < = less than G = gas – = not applicable

9


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C imm imm imm – 22 0.006Tychem® F nt nt nt – nt nt

Butyl aldehyde



Butyl ether n-

L CAS-no. – Actual ASTM EN 369 EN SSPR MDPRmin min min Class µg/cm2·min

Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C imm imm imm – 3.3 0.01Tychem® F nt nt nt – nt nt

California crude oil


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C imm imm imm – high nmTychem® F 44 >480 >480 6 0.05 0.001

Carbon disulphide



Carbon tetrachloride


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C imm imm imm – >50 0.2Tychem® F >480 >480 >480 6 <0.2 0.2

Chlorine



Chloroacetic acid (68%)



Chlorobenzene



Anthracene (sat. sol. in toluene)


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® F 15 15 15 1 10 0.1

Antimony pentachloride



Benzene



Benzonitrile


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C imm imm imm – high nmTychem® F imm imm 2 – 105 0.001

Bromine


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C imm imm imm – 12 0.001Tychem® F imm >480 >480 6 0.07 0.001

Butadiene 1,3


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C imm imm imm – 1.6 nmTychem® F nt nt nt – nt nt

Butanol n-


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C imm imm imm – 3.1 nmTychem® F >480 >480 >480 6 0.001 0.001

Chloroethanol 2-

10


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C imm imm imm – high 0.001Tychem® F 3 5 8 – 8 0.001

Dichloromethane



Diesel fuel


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C imm imm imm – 64 nmTychem® F >480 >480 >480 6 <0.001 0.001

Diethylamine



Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® F nm nm >480 6 nm 0.05

Dimethylacetamide N,N



Dimethylformamide N,N-



Dimethyl nitrosamine



Dimethyl sulphide


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C imm imm imm – 350 nmTychem® F 7 7 7 – 10 0.001

Chloroform



Chloromethyl methyl ether

S CAS-no. 1333-82-0 Actual ASTM EN 369 EN SSPR MDPRmin min min Class µg/cm2·min

Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C >480 >480 >480 6 <0.1 0.1Tychem® F nt nt nt – nt nt

Chromic acid



Creosote


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® F 140 180 206 4 2.7 0.001

Creosol 0-



Cyclohexane



Dichloro-1-propene 2,3-

Permeation data


11



Ethylene dibromide


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) imm imm imm – 6.6 0.002Tychem® C >480 >480 >480 6 nd nmTychem® F >480 >480 >480 6 <0.001 0.001

Ethylene glycol


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C imm imm imm – 168 0.02Tychem® F 55 65 120 4 1.4 0.01

Ethylene oxide


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® F imm imm imm – nm 0.1

Fluorobenzene


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C imm imm >480 6 0.31 0.14Tychem® F >480 >480 >480 6 <0.001 0.001

Formaldehyde (37%)


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C imm >480 >480 6 0.003 0.001Tychem® F nt nt nt – nt nt

Formalin (10%)


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) imm imm imm – nm 0.001Tychem® C nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® F nt nt nt – nt nt

Formic acid (30%)


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C imm imm imm – 2.3 0.001Tychem® F 172 260 >480 6 0.24 0.001

Formic acid (96%)



Dimethyl sulphoxide



Dioxane 1,4-



Epichlorohydrin



Ethanolamine


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C imm imm imm – 12.7 nmTychem® F >480 >480 >480 6 <0.001 0.001

Ethyl acetate



Ethyl cellosolve acetate



Ethylenediamine



Furaldehyde 2-

12


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C 60 nm nm – 110 nmTychem® F nt nt nt – nt nt

Hydrocyanic acid


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C >480 >480 >480 6 nt 0.1Tychem® F >480 >480 >480 6 nt 0.1

Hydrofluoric acid (48%)


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C imm 2 20 2 12.3 0.1Tychem® F 10 39 333 5 1.2 0.1

Hydrofluoric acid (70%)



Hydrogen chloride


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C 60 nm nm – 110 nmTychem® F nt nt nt – nt nt

Hydrogen cyanide liquid


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C imm imm nm – 6 nmTychem® F imm imm 48 2 nm 0.01

Hydrogen fluoride (anhydrous)


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) imm 15 15 1 >0.11 0.04Tychem® C >480 >480 >480 6 <0.1 0.1Tychem® F nt nt nt – nt nt

Hydrogen peroxide (30%)



Glutaraldehyde (5% aqueous solution)


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) 450 >480 >480 6 0.03 0.01Tychem® C nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® F nt nt nt – nt nt

Glycerol



Hexamethylene diisocyanate


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C imm imm imm – high nmTychem® F >480 >480 >480 6 <0.001 0.001

Hexane



Hydrazine


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) 30 30 30 1 50.3 0.001Tychem® C nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® F nt nt nt – nt nt

Hydrochloric acid (30%)


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C 30 93 235 4 1 0.0007Tychem® F >480 >480 >480 6 <0.1 0.1

Hydrochloric acid (37%)L CAS-no. 67-68-5 Actual ASTM EN 369 EN SSPR MDPR

min min min Class µg/cm2·min


Hydrogen peroxide (70%)

Permeation data


13


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C 50 190 >480 6 0.18 0.04Tychem® F >480 >480 >480 6 <0.04 0.04

Mercury


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C imm imm imm – 2.2 nmTychem® F 35 77 >480 6 0.26 0.001

Methanol



Methyl-t-butyl-ether



Methyl cellosolve



Methyl chloride



Methyl ethyl ketone


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® F imm 3 >480 6 0.42 0.001

Methyl isocyanate



Methyl mercaptan


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® F imm imm imm – >0.11 0.003

Hydrogen phosphide


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C 440 440 440 5 30 nmTychem® F nt nt nt – nt nt

Iodine



Isopropyl alcohol


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® F >480 >480 >480 6 <0.001 <0.001

Kerosene (Jet A fuel)


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® F >480 >480 >480 6 >0.65 0.65

Lupranate (MDI)


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) imm imm imm – 10.2 0.05Tychem® C 100 100 >480 6 0.8 0.1Tychem® F >480 >480 >480 6 <0.1 0.1

Mercuric chloride sat. solution



Methyl methacrylate



Methyl vinyl Ketone

14


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C imm imm imm – 18 0.001Tychem® F >480 >480 >480 6 <0.001 0.001

Nitrobenzene


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C 15 15 15 – 4.1 0.1Tychem® F nt nt nt – nt nt

Nitrochlorobenzene o-


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C imm imm imm – 2.3 0.1Tychem® F nt nt nt – nt nt

Nitrochlorobenzene p-


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® F 1 14 14 1 >0.2 0.01

Nitrogene dioxide



Nitromethane


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C imm imm imm – 14 0.1Tychem® F nt nt nt – nt nt

Nitrotoluene p-


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C 348 350 >480 6 0.2 0.04Tychem® F nt nt nt – nt nt

Oleum (40% free SO3)



Methyl -2-pyrrolidone n-


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® F nm nm 36 2 nm 0.02

Methylene bromide


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® F 3 5 8 – 8 0.001

Methylene chloride



Naphthalene


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® F 14 14 14 1 >50 0.1

Nitric acid (>90% fuming)


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) 55 80 80 2 4.6 0.001Tychem® C nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® F nt nt nt – nt nt

Nitric acid (30%)



PCB gas condensate

Permeation data



Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C 87 >480 >480 6 0.012 0.0009Tychem® F 85 85 >480 6 0.4 0.1

Nitric acid (70%)

15



Phosphorus oxytrichloride



Phosphorus trichloride



Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) in transformer oil


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) >480 >480 >480 6 <0.001 0.001Tychem® C >480 >480 >480 6 <0.1 0.1Tychem® F >480 >480 >480 6 <0.1 0.1

Potassium chromate (saturated salt solution)


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) 190 >480 >480 6 >0.07 0.07Tychem® C nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® F nt nt nt – nt nt

Potassium cyanide (saturated salt solution)



Potassium cyanide (10%)


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) 133 340 >480 6 0.26 0.001Tychem® C nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® F nt nt nt – nt nt

Potassium hydroxide (40%)


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® F imm 14 92 3 1.02 0.001

Propylene oxide 1,2-


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C imm imm imm – high nmTychem® F imm 30 >480 6 0.32 0.001

Petrol, leaded



Petrol, unleaded


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C imm imm nm – nd nmTychem® F 182 238 280 5 4 0.001

Phenol (85%)



Phosgene


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) >480 >480 >480 6 nm 0.001Tychem® C nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® F nt nt nt – nt nt

Phosphoric acid (50%)


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C >480 >480 >480 – <0.1 0.1Tychem® F >480 >480 >480 6 <0.1 0.1

Phosphoric acid (85%)


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) >480 >480 >480 6 <0.001 0.001Tychem® C nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® F nt nt nt – nt nt

Sodium acetate (saturated salt solution)



Sodium cyanide (45%)

16


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® F >480 >480 >480 – <0.1 0.1

Sodium hypochlorite (30% Chlorine)



Styrene


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C imm imm imm – >29 0.14Tychem® F 38 38 55 2 2.7 0.34

Sulphur dioxide


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) >480 >480 >480 6 0.004 0.001Tychem® C >480 >480 >480 6 nd nmTychem® F nt nt nt – nt nt

Sulphuric acid (16%)


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) 230 >480 >480 6 0.012 0.001Tychem® C nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® F nt nt nt – nt nt



Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C >480 >480 >480 6 <0.1 0.1Tychem® F >480 >480 >480 6 <0.1 0.1



Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C nt nt – 6 nt ntTychem® F >480 >480 >480 6 <0.1 0.1




Sodium fluoride (saturated salt solution)


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) >480 >480 >480 6 <0.001 <0.001Tychem® C nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® F nt nt nt – nt nt

Sodium hydroxide (40%)



Sodium hydroxide (50%)



Sodium hydroxide conc.


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C >480 >480 >480 6 nd nmTychem® F nt nt nt – nt nt

Sodium hypochlorite (5.25% Chlorine)



Sodium hypochlorite (12% Chlorine)



Tetrachlorobiphenol 2,2’, 6,6’-

Permeation data





17



Trichloroacetic acid



Trichlorobenzene 1,2,4-


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C imm imm imm – high nmTychem® F nt nt nt – nt nt

Trifluoroethanol 2,2,2-



Trimethyl chinon



Vinyl acetate


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® F imm >480 >480 6 0.02 0.001

Vinyl chloride



Xylene (iso-mix)



Tetrachloroethylene


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C imm imm imm – 183 nmTychem® F 103 464 >480 6 0.12 0.001

Tetrahydrofuran



Toluene


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C imm imm imm – 42 nmTychem® F 376 >480 >480 6 0.037 0.001

Toluene 2,4- diisocyanate


Tyvek® (style 1431 N) nt nt nt – nt ntTychem® C imm imm imm – 1 0.03Tychem® F >480 >480 >480 6 <0.001 0.001

Toluidine o-



Trichloroacetone 1,1,3-

18

Electrostatic charging and grounding

The charging of fabricsThe rubbing of a synthetic material suchas Tyvek® against the skin or undergar-ments is sufficient to permit electrostaticcharges to build up on the fabric. Thecharge dissipation via a tiny spark from acoverall to a surface of opposite electricalpotential in a flammable environment can cause an explosion!

Adding a conductive coating or anti-static finishing treatment to the fabrichelps prevent charge accumulation.Such finishes usually function by absorb-ing moisture from the surrounding air. By absorbing moisture, the treatmentbecomes charge dissipative. If the coverall and wearer are connected to anearthed surface, the electrostatic chargeis carried away through the coating tothe ground (see figure 6).

Basic safety rules for the groundingof the complete range of Tyvek® garmentsGarments must be correctly and continu-ously grounded via conductive safetyshoes, floor and/or grounding cable. Ifthe wearer of an antistatically coatedgarment is not connected to a groundedsurface, the wearer/garment will remain charged.

Electrostatic charges may also build upon ancillary equipment. Breathing appa-ratus and other devices must therefore beseparately grounded when being worn in conjunction with a garment from theTyvek® range of coveralls.

Like most finishes of this type, the anti-static finish applied to the Tyvek® range ofgarments works through moisture absorp-tion. Attention must be paid to the localhumidity levels. In extremely dry environ-ments with a relative humidity below 25%,the antistatic finish may no longer functioneffectively.

Special safety precautions forgrounding Tychem® C and Tychem® FBoth Tychem® C and Tychem® F fabricshave an antistatic treatment applied to theinside white Tyvek® surface of the fabricand meet the electrostatic charging per-formance criteria for non-homogenousmaterials (EN 1149-1). The outside sur-faces of the fabrics are not antistaticallytreated.

DuPont sponsored tests at DMT andBTTG laboratories confirmed that whilethe antistatic treatment of Tychem® C andTychem® F limits to a large extent theelectrostatic charging of the fabric, it can not totally prevent it.

Electrostatic discharging which mayoccur does not create sparks with enoughenergy to ignite organic gas/air or solvent/air mixtures providing special precautionsare taken to continuously ground theinside white surface of the coveralls eithervia conductive safety shoes/floor systemand/or a grounding cable.

When properly and continuouslygrounded, the antistatic properties ofTychem® C and Tychem® F fabrics aresuch that any electrostatic dischargeswhich may occur are of insufficientenergy to ignite gas/air or solvent/air mix-tures.

Tychem® C and Tychem® F coveralls arenot recommended for use in very sensitiveflammable atmospheres such as hydrogenatmospheres (>4% hydrogen in air) and oxy-gen enriched atmospheres.

The results for the electrostatic proper-ties of Tychem® C and Tychem® F fabrics were determined by BTTG UK Ltd. (BritishTextile Technology Group) at 23°C ± 1°Cand at 25% ± 1% relative humidity.

Where applicable, appropriate heat/flame retardent PPE should also be considered.

Printed Tyvek® (style 1431N)Coloured Tyvek® has the antistatic coat-ing applied to the inside white surfaceonly. Garments made of such fabricsmeet the surface resistivity requirementsof EN1149-1. However, this should betaken into consideration when groundingthe coverall. Precautions to continuouslyground the inside white surface of thecoverall should be taken.

Fig. 6

Untreated garment not grounded

Antistaticallytreated garmentbut not grounded

Antistaticallytreated garment and grounded

Table 5

Test results accord ing to EN 1149-1 performed at a relative humidity 25% ± 1% and at 23°C ± 1°C.

EN 1149-1 Tyvek® Tyvek®

(style 1431N) (style 1431N) inside white polymer coated inside white outside laminated rib surface smooth surface surface outside surface surface surface

Surface resistivity 4.8 x 109 1.7 x 1010

(Ohm)

Antistatic treatment Yes Yes Yes No Yes No

19

ing to EN 1149-1 performed at a relative humidity 25% ± 1% and at 23°C ± 1°C.

Tychem® C Tychem® C Tychem® F Tychem® Finside white polymer coated inside white outside laminated surface outside surface surface surface

4.0 x 109 > 1 x 1013 5.9 x 109 > 1 x 1013

Yes No Yes No

Key:3 = Garment can be worn in this environment7 = Garment not recommended for use

* For personal protection against organic chemicalsTychem® F garments should be considered

Environment Tyvek® Tychem® C Tychem® F

Non explosive 3 3 3

Explosive 7 7 7Relative humidity <25%

Dust explosive atmospheres 3 3 3Relative humidity >25% Continuously ground the garment by: Continuously ground the garment Continuously ground the garment

inside surface by: inside surface by:

Wearing conductive shoes and Wearing conductive shoes and Wearing conductive shoes andWalking on grounded floor and Walking on grounded floor and Walking on grounded floor andConnect garment to shoes Connect garment inside surface Connect garment inside surface

to shoes to shoes

or or orAttach grounding cable Attach grounding cable Attach grounding cableto garment to garment inside surface to garment inside suface

Explosive organic and inorganic 3* 3* 3gases and vapours Continuously ground the garment by: Continuously ground the garment Continuously ground the garment

Relative humidity >25% inside surface by: inside surface by:

Wearing conductive shoes and Wearing conductive shoes and Wearing conductive shoes andWalking on grounded floor and Walking on grounded floor and Walking on grounded floor andConnect garment to shoes Connect garment inside surface Connect garment inside surface

to shoes to shoes

or or orAttach grounding cable Attach grounding cable Attach grounding cableto garment to garment inside surface to garment inside suface

Very sensitive flammable atmospheres 7 7 7e.g. hydrogen atmospheres (> 4% hydrogenin air) and oxygen enriched atmospheres

20

Chemical protective clothing “Types”

According to European Standards, chemi-cal protective clothing is subdivided intosix levels or “Types“ of protection. Inorder to be certified as offering a particu-lar “Type“ of protection the fabric's physical and barrier properties must meetminimum performance requirements.

Additionally, for protection levels ofTypes 3, 4, 5 & 6, the whole suit itself must be tested to a minimum of one of the whole suit “Type” tests and pass adynamic movement test. Tyvek®,Tychem® C and Tychem®F models typi-cally surpass the minimum performance

requirements specified in the Europeanstandards.

The following table is a summarizeddescription of the conditions of the whole suit “Type” tests (Types 3 throughto 6 only).

DuPont European Test Description of the test methodPictogram standard name and test conditions

Type 3 EN 463 Liquid jet test

This test involves exposing a whole suit to aseries of short jets of a water based liquid (witha low surface tension of 30-35 m N/m) aimed at various critical parts of the suit. The pressureof the jet when leaving the firing nozzle is 3 barand the firing nozzle is situated at a distance of 1m away from the garment.

The liquid is coloured, so that any inward leak-age will visibly stain the undergarment. A suithas passed the test when the total stained area on the undergarment is smaller than threetimes the calibration stain. (The calibration stain is the stain area produced by 0.02 ml of the test liquid.)

Type 4 EN 468 Spray test

This test involves exposing a whole suit to anintense spray of a water based liquid (with a low surface tension of 30-35 m N/m). A totalquantity of 4.5 litres is sprayed as an aerosol forone minute. There is no pressure exerted by the fine spray on the suit. While being sprayed, the wearer of the suit will perform gentle movements while rotating.

The liquid is coloured, so that any inward leakagewill visibly stain the undergarment. A suit haspassed the test when the total stained area on theundergarment is smaller than three times the calibration stain. (The calibration stain is the stainarea produced by 0.02 ml of the test liquid.)

Type 5 Draft test method A

Particle test

This test involves exposing a whole suit tocoloured epoxy coated polyurethane resinparticles. The particle size distribution rangesfrom 5 to 100 microns, with an average of 25 microns. The particles are electrostaticallycharged and are attracted to the wet under-garment worn by the grounded wearer. 45 g of test dust are sprayed over the suit during one minute while the wearer gently moves.

Any inward leakage will visibly stain the under-garment. A suit has passed the test when thetotal stained area on the undergarment issmaller than 3 times the calibration stain areagenerated by 20 mg of the test dust.

Draft test method B

Particle test

This test involves exposing a whole suit to a dryaerosol of sodium chloride. The particle size is0.6 µm. While being exposed to the dry aerosol,the wearer of the suit performs the followingsequence of movements: 9 minutes standing, 9 minutes walking, 9 minutes squatting.

The total inward leakage is expressed as a percentage of the concentration of sodiumchloride outside the suit. In order to pass the test the proposed total inward leakage must be less than 30%.

Type 6 EN 468 modified byprEN 13034

Low levelspray test

This test is essentially the same as the Type 4spray test however the liquid now has a slightlyhigher surface tension of 57 m N/m and the quantity sprayed is reduced to 1.9 litres.

Chemical protective clothing

Storage and shelf life Disposal

The range of Tyvek® and Tychem® gar-ments should be stored according to cus-tomary storage practices. Store in a drylocation and avoid direct contact withsunlight for prolonged periods.

The projected shelf life of Tyvek®

(style 1431N), Tychem® C and Tychem® Ffabrics based on accelerated ageing testsaccording to ASTM 573-88 conducted at 100 °C and 100 psi is 5 years.

Tyvek®, Tychem® C and Tychem® F do notcontain any halogenated compounds, andtherefore may be incinerated or buried in acontrolled landfill. Contaminated garmentsshould however be disposed of in thesame manner as contaminated waste, andalways in accordance with national regu-lations. Uncontaminated garments canalso be recycled.

Washing and laundering

In general, washing and launderingimpacts on the performance of the materi-als. Therefore laundering is not recom-mended for Tyvek® and Tychem®products.

Results for the whole suit Type 5method B particle inward leakage test

Garment Average total inward leakage

Tyvek® 7.3%model Classic

Tyvek® 0.84%model Classic Plus

Sodium chloride test method

21

L-11854 03/2005

DDuuPPoonntt PPeerrssoonnaall PPrrootteeccttiioonnL-2984 LuxembourgToll free Tel.: 00800 3666 6666Fax: (00352) 3666 5071E-Mail: [email protected]

Technical Hotline: (00352) 021 164 043E-Mail: [email protected]

Product safety information is available upon request. The information in these materials is furnished free of charge and based on data that DuPont believes is reliable. Protective apparel end-uses vary widely and, many applications require end-use specific gar-ment designs as well as ancillary equipment (such as respirators, gloves or boots). It remains the user's sole responsibility to select appro-priate combinations of protective garments and ancillaries for his particular application. Similarly, the end-user shall be the sole judgefor how long a Tyvek®, Tychem® C or Tychem® F garment can be worn on a specific job and whether or not the garment can be adequatelycleaned or decontaminated for re-use. Tyvek® is made from polyethylene that melts at about 135°C. Tyvek®, Tychem® C and Tychem® Fcoveralls meet the non-ignitability requirements of the new European standards for chemical protective clothing, but are not heat orfire resistant and should not be used close to fires or near a source of intense heat. DuPont makes no representation or warranty as tothe completeness or accuracy of the information in these materials. Your only representations and warranty concerning Tyvek® will becontained in the information provided to you at the time of your purchase. In no event will DuPont be liable for damages of any naturewhatsoever resulting from the use of these materials. Your supplier and/or DuPont can provide valuable guidance for selecting the appro-priate type of garment for your application.

Internet: www.dpp-europe.com

The DuPont Oval, DuPont, The miracles of science™, Tyvek® and Tychem® are registered trademarks or trade-marks of DuPont or its affiliates.

Documents

Tyvek and Tychem Protective Clothing · Technical Handbook The DuPont Oval, DuPont™, The miracles of ... N263 test method using Aloxite dust and a pressure differential across the