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TWIN SPINDLE AUTO DRILLING MACHINE
SETHU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,
PULLOOR,KARIAPATTAI,
VIRUDHUNAGAR DIST.
ABSTRACT accuracy, repeatability and high
productivity against the existingFitness occurs only when accuracy is
machines, where the drill is done one atobtained. In every machine of this world,a time and tolerance in centre distance is
every part fits with one another perfectlyobtained through a jig.
only when the matching holes and cuts
come similar or as per the design.As far as the electrical part is concern ed,
the actuation of the hyd ro pneumaticDrilling a hole may be a simple
cylinder is obtained through a doubleoperation but it becomes complex as far
solenoid 5/2 direction control valve. Theas accur acy is concerned. Nowadays
motor used is a 3 phase flange mountedaccuracy is obtained using a
type motor with a speed of 1440 rpmprogrammed machine called as CNC
which is reduced through a step con e(Computer Numerical Control) or SPMpulley coupled through v-belt. The
(Special Purpose Machine) for massmotor is switched on via an overload
production, a vital requirement in ancontactor for safety. Manual and
automobile industry.automatic control options are provided
for safe operation. In case of anyThe project titled “ Design and
accidents, for immediate shut off of theFabrication of Twin Spindle Auto
system an emergency stop switch isDrilling Machine ” falls under this
provided. Indicators ar e provided forcategory. It is provided with multi
motor, cylinder and system on/offspindle with an adjustable centre
condition.distance var ying from 50 to 150mm.TheThis project is a perfect illustration of
drill size may vary from 3mm to 12mm.what is Mechatronics, how automation
Rotary motion of the drill is achievedcan be done and through which how
through motor and linear motion throughincreased productivity can be obtained.
hydro pneumatic cylinder. C lamping of
the component is achieved b y pneumatic
cylinder. This project provides a better
INTRODUCTION
The present day technology calls many drills.
for high precision in the components and The above idea was kept in mind
in turn in the assembly. This is achieved and the project titled TWIN SPINDLE
through CNC machines or any other AUTO DRILL MACHINE was
special purpose machine. The cost of the designed, fabricated and tested.
CNC machine is exorbitantly ver y high, The twin spindle drilling
which reflects in the cost of the machine make two fine holes
production of the component .Not only automatically with the help of drill head.
that the labour needs to possess skill in The drill head is equipped with two
operating the machine .These bottle spindles which are driven by the main
necks can be overcome by introducing spindle with help of gear setup. The
SPM 'S in other terms a pavement for center distance and the angle between
low cost automation. A study for two spindles can be varied. And also the
improving the productivity is conducted depth of the holes can be varied by
based on the cycle time reduction which gauge present in the hydro pneumatic
is directly involved in the reduction of cylinder. The hydro pneumatic cylinder
the cost of the component. Self feeding gives the linear motion to the drill head.
multi spindle Auto Drills is the solution The functions of the hyd ro pneumatic
for improving the productivity and cylinder are fast approach, slow feed and
production drilling problems. They are rapid return. The jig and fixture is used
an integral pneumatic/hydraulic (hydro to reduce the setting time of the work
pneumatic) cylinder with a driven piece. The whole operations are
precision spindle to provide self feed and controlled by the electro pneumatic
mechanical rotation. This allows circuit.
simultaneous feed automation for one or
MACHINE DESCRIPTION 3. Collet spindle
The main components of the twin 4. Drive Gear
spindle auto drilling machine are 5. Idler Gear or Compound Gear
Twin spindle drill head 6. Output Gear
Hydro pneumatic cylinder 7. Key
Drive system 8. Ball Bearing
Electro pneumatic circuit 9. Collet
HOUSING:
TWIN SPINDLE DRILL HEAD The housing comprises of one
main housing and two idler housing. Th eTwin spindle Drill incorporates
main housing which was designed toin its design a versatile mounting base
hold the gear setup which has one drivewith good rigidity to receive the loads
gear and two idler gear or compoundproduced by the drilling. The Twin
gear. The drive gear was supported byspindle head designed to enable work to
ball bearing. The main housing isbe carried out quickly and accurately.
coupled with the guide plate with help of
bush. This helps to rotate the main
housing in the range between 0° to 360°.
The idler housing was d esigned to hold
the collet spindle with gear. The central
distance between two collet spindles can
Twin spindle drill head system consist of be varied by rotating the idler housing.
the following components,
1. Main Housing
2. Idler housing
GEARS: COLLET AND COLLET
Usually, motors provide enough SPINDLE:
power, but not enough torque. Gears The output gears are attached
can be used to reduce speed and incr ease with the collet spindles with the help of
torque, or the other way if necessary. keys.
Gears can also be used to change
direction of rotation or motion, and
transfer po wer from one place to
another.
In main housing, th e main drive
gear transmits power to two idler or
compound gears. The output gear The collet spindle which carries
present in the idler housing is meshed the pinion at its upper end which meshes
with the compound gear which is present with the idler gear which in turn meshin the main housing. If the main drive with the central gear, which acts as the
gear rotates in the clock wise direction driving gear for all these pinions. In this
then the each compound gear rotates in way all spindles receive power
anti clock wise direction and vice versa. simultaneously from the same control
And due to this the two output gears gear. Also the two collet spindle rotates
rotates in clock wise direction and vice in same rpm. The collet can hold the
versa. drill bits from 3mm to 10mm dia.
HYDRO PNEUMATIC During the forward oper ations, the valve
opens, so that the oil flows towards theCYLINDER:back side. During the return operation
The kind of approach used in the drillingthe valve closes the oil flows to the
operation ishydraulic cylinder through the pipe
Fast approachdirectly.
Slow feed
Rapid return
All these kinds of motion are easily
obtainable when we go for a hydro
pneumatic cylinder. The hydro
pneumatic cylinders have three cylinders
arran ged p arallel to one another,
horizontally in line.
- Two cylinders work under
pneumatics which is at the far
ends.
- The cylinder at the centre works
under hydraulics, the oil on the
recirculation basis
- The hydraulic cylinder is used
for cushioning effect and the
pneumatic cylinders for feeding
operation
- We have a meter out value for
the hydraulic operation
ELECTRO PNEUMATIC electrical part is concerned, the actuation
of the hydro pneumatic cylinder isCIRCUIT:obtained through a double solenoid 5/2
The whole operation of machine can bedirection control valve.
controlled by electro pneumatic circuit.
The pneumatic source and electric
source are the main sources need for
working the machine. As far as the
WORKING: The cutting speed is a measure of
peripheral speed of the drill in meterThe whole operation of machine
/min .the cutting speed for high speedcan be controlled by electro pneumatic
drill should be double that of carboncircuit. The pneumatic source and
steel drills. Depending on the motion toelectric source are the main sources need
be drilled the cutting speed varies fromfor working the machine. The motor
10 to 90 m/min.It is expressed asrotates at 1440 rpm and transmits power
Cutting speed (m/min) = *to spline spindle shaft by means of v-beltDiameter of d rill in mm * rpmand pulley. The drive gear rotates as it is
1000coupled with the spline spindle shaft. IfFeed of the drill is the distance, whichthe main drive gear rotates in the clockit moves in the work on energywise direction then the each compoundresolution of the drill and is generallygear rotates in anti clock wise direction.expressed in mm/m .The feed varies
And due to this the two output gearsfrom 0.05 to 0.35mm/revolution. Hencerotates in clock wise direction and vicethe time consumption f or drilling twoversa. Hence both the two spindles andholes is very less when compared to thethe motor rotate in same direction. Butordinary manual machine. As thisthe speed is reduced in the two outputproject provides a better accuracy, lessspindle by means of v-belt and gear
time consumption, repeatability and highmeshing. If the h ydro pneumaticproductivity against the existing
cylinder is activated by pneumaticmachines, where the drill is done one atsource, it takes drill head in lineara time, this machine can be used inmotion horizontally. This enhances theindustries (e.g. automobile industries)rotary motion from motor and linearfor mass production.motion from h ydro pn eumatic cylinder.
Hence, two fine holes can be drilled
automatically with accurate dimension
and less time consumption. Hence this
machine can be used for manufacturing
purposes.
CONCLUSION AND
BENEFITS OF THE PROJECTFUTURE SCOPEIncrease in productivity
The implementation of twinReduce production time
spindle drill head “SPM” would improveAccuracy achievement
the production rate quality, consistencyRepeatability
repeatability in creating the holes as per
the drawing specification.
The extension of the version with
FUTURE SCOPE3, 4, 5, 6, 8 holes on PCD or it may b e
tried out for co-ordinates. The machine No of drill heads may be
may be planned with proper fixtures incorporated according to the
with either pneumatic /other mechanical drawing specification
clamping system will certainly reduce Proper handling by
the non productive time. mechanization (loading &
The cycle time may be critically noticed unloading)
and incorporating proper tubligs would Different fixtures for
raise the production to higher level. discontinuous job by modular
The component loading and fixture arrangement
unloading system may be mechanized The stroke length variation in
and the control system may be either by hydro pneumatic cylinder may b e
micro controller or plc may be accomplished by limit Switch
incorporated which would provide controls.
improved productivity
