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Twilight Tuesdays Sailing
3rd Off the Water Session
April 21, 2015
**** Introducing ****
Twilight Tuesdays Sailing
Open for Fun to All CPYC Members and Their Guest
Twilight Sailing Tuesdays
Goals:
1.) Non Competitive Sailing Fun in Different Types of Boats....
2.) Sailing for Fun and Messing Around in BoatsUsing Boats provided by CPYC Members and Fleets
No Boat Required - Just Come and have Fun. Or come have Fun on your Own Boat, crewed by participants
3.) Diverse, Hands On Experience and Fun
4.) On and Off the Water Sessions in a more Social, Fun Setting
5.) No Boat Required.... Just Come and Have Fun!
6.) Learning in a non-stressed, adaptive Fun way. Each night the program will adapt to reflect the interests of those participating, general themes and Fun topics, announced in advance or based on interests of participants.
Always at least one entry level boat if you just want to get started
7.) Always Including Dinner and Free Beer ashore
Did I mention that this was all about
Fun?
and includes Dinner and
Free Beer?
April 21 Agenda
Knot of the Night“The Truckers Hitch”
How Sails Work and Improving Boat Speed
The Importance of Safety at CPYC
Mast Tuning and Boat Setup
Serving on RC - An Overview (by Dick Thackaberry)
Simplified Racing Rules
Reminder!
Following the final April 28, 2015 Off the Water Session-----
JOIN US FOR On The Water SAILING FUN ON MAY 5, 2015
Knot of the Night
“The Truckers Hitch”
Video of How To Tie a Truckers Hitch
Trucker's Hitch (Power Cinch Knot)
Click Here for Animated Version of How to Tie this Knot
The Rolling Hitch
For and Animated guide to how to tie a rolling hitch Click Here
Click Here to view Rolling Hitch Video Guide
HOW DO SAILS WORK?
What Can we Do to Improve Their Efficiency in the Complex Conditions We Routinely Encounter
Nothing Is Constant
The wind over time:• Varies in velocity• Varies in direction
• Changes velocity as a function of height (wind gradient)• Sudden changes, gusts and puffs
The motion of the hull (and mast and sails) in water:• Pitches• Yaws• Rolls
GETTING SAILS TO PERFORM TAKES CONSTANT ATTENTION----TRIMMING---
The Classic Static View of Airflow over an Airplane Wing or Sail Acting as an Air Foil
As we will see this is very simplistic and does not replicate real conditions
The Slot - Acceleration
For a more detailed analysis see: http://www.wb-sails.fi/portals/209338/news/Ad_aerodynamics/index.htm
Consider the Jib-Main Combination
This is What the Flow Really Looks LikeDue To Windage and Turbulence
Even a “Simple” Opti sail has complex Flow Conditions
The Airplane Wing And
The Sail Are Very Different• The wing
• Long, high aspect ratio• Thick and relatively uniform• Low camber• Designed for a specific speed range and constant angle of attack• Has flaps to alter shape for landing and take off
• The sail- Low aspect ratio- Highly cambered - Thin and twisted- Must cope with different wind speeds and angles of attack- Uses control lines, sheets, outhaul, downhaul, halyards to control shape and angle of attack.
Actually Four Separate “Wings” on a Sailboat
• Mainsail Vertical and shaped just like a Horizontal Wing
• Jib Vertical and Matched to Shape of Mainsail
• HullVertical and Slicing through the Water and Canted due to Heeling
• Keel• Vertical and Canted due to Heeling
Wind Tunnels And Smoke Were Used to Visualize Flow.
But With Computing Power Now Available CFD And FSI Techniques
Accurately Model And Complete Flow Can Be Simulated
https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=1qdPqTKBYzk
https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=1qdPqTKBYzk
Modelling Allows Us To Visual Flow As A Function Of Time
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m58zdJEsFvk&index=1&list=PLfR-cT9_3EN4juRNRo-URmYi6KG2zfDxo
Modelling Allows Us To Visualize Turbulence Created In The Wake Of Sails
THIS IS “BAD AIR”DO NOT FOLLOW
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_nVg1b4z8ss&index=7&list=PLfR-cT9_3EN4juRNRo-URmYi6KG2zfDxo
Add Waves, More TurbulenceLook At This Star Sailing Upwind
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zCpVfFDYfWE&index=15&list=PLfR-cT9_3EN4juRNRo-URmYi6KG2zfDxo
It Looks Like This When the Star Bears Away
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8iRj6aLeCBQ&index=8&list=PLfR-cT9_3EN4juRNRo-URmYi6KG2zfDxo
The Downwind Case Can Also Be Modelled
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I-wsThD3xKk&list=PLfR-cT9_3EN4juRNRo-URmYi6KG2zfDxo&index=14
We Cannot See The Flow And Turbulence But Can Use Sensors To Indicate The Effects
Tell tales To Adjust Jib Leads
When It Looks BeautifulCheck out this Video starting at about 1:15 for the latest in sail shapes in perfect conditions
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=81SV_h9c4GE
And When It All Goes Very Bad (music by Tchaikovsky)
What would you do in that situation, rig down, man in the water????
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4w3QwJdzwsE
SAFETY FIRST!
KNOW THE CPYC SAFETY GUIDELINES!
An effective SAFETY PLAN
Must include:
PLANNING (discussed next)PREPARATION (club, fleet and personal)
TRAINING (club, fleet and personal) PRACTICE (starting May 5)
RACE SAFETY GUIDELINES
If an accident occurs on the water
Stay calm
Always follow CPYC Safety ProceduresClick Here for CPYC Safety Guidelines
If there is a CAPSIZE:
Wear PFDStay with boat
Rescue all people first, then boatsPersonal distress signal.
Use Your Radio!Use Sound signals
Drop your Mainsail?
Plan for squalls, turning turtle etc.
Practice pulling people into each of our boats with and without PFDs on the victim.
You can’t lift by the PFD because the person is very likely to fall out of it, especially if he is tired or hypothermic.
Each Fleet should practice this so they know how to get into the support boats.
Rescuers frequently get into trouble. They MUST ALYAYS wear PFDs when going into the water to help.
1.On water Boats and RC volunteers should ALWAYS contact Club Manager Trey Lang first. Advise RC of your situation as soon as possible.
•Trey is a trained nurse and will be able to triage the situation and coordinate a response with you and Club Staff who will be on the water already.
•Communicate with VHF Radio via CHANNEL 78.
•DO NOT DIAL 911 on the Water. Use 911 Only on Land. •DO NOT USE YOUR CELLPHONE TO CALL 911
•If you don’t receive a response after the second attempt contact the Westport Marine Police on CH 16.
2. If you think it might be serious – call Trey on his cell (203) 952-9148.
Notify RC of your situation via VHF radio on designated channel.
3. Life threatening conditions include – hypothermia, serious bleeding, broken bones, head injury, unconscious – even for a second
4. Always take an on-water victim to Compo where Westport EMS is located
Never return to the club docks.
Quickest Transport Via Ambulance from COMPO
5. Always call Westport Marine Police on CH 16 even if you are bringing someone in yourself, they have extensive first aid and EMT gear and trained people on board and will meet you, help, and escort you in.
Due to Budget Cuts, they are not always on the Water!
Bring the club manager and RC up to speed on CHANNEL 78 once you have made contact with the Westport Marine Police so additional staff may either assist or replace you on the race course.
Race Committee Safety Responsibilities
1.Review the Safety Procedures with your Team every time you leave the dock.
Repetition of this material will allow for better decision making during a
crisis.
Review where the safety gear and boarding/swim ladders are located.
2. When and if a boat Capsizes RC should:
Have a support boat respond immediately
Have the support boat communicate with RC on Channel 78 once they have arrived at the capsized vessel.
Communicating the status of the situation back to the main RC boat is critical so further actions and support can be communicated back to CPYC Base
Trey Lang who is a nurse by training and will work with the PRO to deploy the right resources and respond appropriately given any situation.
A. If the vessel needs assistance, always wear a PFD when rescuing or assisting
B. Instruct competitors to ALWAYS stay with the boat
C. Rescue all people first, then boats
Remember……you can’t lift a person by the PFD
because the person is very likely to fall out of it,
especially if the person is tired or hypothermic.
D. If the competitor is having trouble righting the boat, have them remove their sails and wait for any squall to pass before attempting again.
E. If a boat turns turtle it may be necessary to attach a harness in order to right a boat
Trey and his staff is trained to use the necessary harness and shall take the lead on these procedures.
Each class has a different technique on how to properly right it, communicate with the skipper and discuss the course of action as it relates to that vessel.
RESCUE PEOPLE FIRST
DO NOT ALLOW PEOPLE TO REMAIN IN THE WATER AND TIRE!
HYPOTHERMIA IS REAL!
EQUIPMENT CAN BE REPLACED
1. Regardless of which point of sail you are on when a crewmember falls overboard, the figure eight method starts with yelling "Man overboard," throwing flotation devices and appointing a spotter.
2. The helmsman should immediately either head up or bear away (depending on which point of sail the boat is on) to a beam reach.
3. Sail six to eight boat lengths on a beam reach.
4. Tack and immediately bear away from the wind to a broad reach, but only briefly until you cross your wake.
5. Head up to a close reach, ease the sheets and pick the victim up on the leeward side with speed between 1 and 2 knots and sails luffing.
1. Shout "Man overboard," throw flotation devices overboard and appoint a spotter.2. The helmsman points the boat directly into the wind and comes to a stop or near stop. 3. Leaving the sheets alone, backwind the jib or genoa and tack. 4. Sail downwind in a circle around the person in the water. 5. Release the jib or genoa sheet and jibe the boat. 6. Head back toward the victim on a close reach with sails luffing and pick them up on the leeward side. Variations of this method include furling or dropping the forward sail when heading downwind or approaching the victim close hauled or head to wind rather than on a close reach.
Pros: The quick stop method is faster than the figure eight method.
http://sailing.about.com/od/navigationseamanship/ss/How-To-Rescue-A-Man-Overboard-In-A-Sailboat_4.htm#step-heading
Click Here for an Overview of how to Recover a Man Overboard
MAST SETUP AND TUNINGAn easy way to performance sailing
What’s wrong in this picture of two J-24’s ?
GOALS to Achieve Better Performance
1. A mast centered athwart ship2. A straight mast3. Proper rake4. Proper pre-bend5. Proper standing rigging tension6. Proper reference marks for jib trim and backstay
tension
Here is link to a comprehensive article applicable to one-design as well as off-shore boats
http://www.sailingbreezes.com/sailing_breezes_current/articles/March08/dellenbaugh.htm
One- Designs – Tuning Guides From Sailmakers and the
Fleets
Thistles are a good example:
http://www.onedesign.com/Portals/106/docs/Tuning%20Guides/north-thistle-tuningguide.pdf
http://www.indianapolissailing.org/rig_tuning_guides.php?nav=thistle
Starting at the Masthead
1. Working down the rig is centered and tensioned equally on both sides2.Use main halyard to center the mast tip by marking and moving side to side3.Sight up main track to determine if bend is present4. Use LOOS gauge to achieve proper tension on each pair of shrouds
Rake and Pre-bend
Rake achieved by lengths of forestay and backstayPre-bend achieved by placement and chocking of mast
Why Pre-bend is Important
Effect of Backstay Tension
Backstay Effect on the Sails
What is Wrong with this Hydraulic Backstay Setup?
It needs a batten taped to the cylinder and marked to indicate settings for quick reference
Guides on the Spreaders for Jib Trim
Race Committee Overview by Dick Thackaberry
Roles of the RCPRO
SRO Lower Deck Assistants Timers and Recorders Scorers
Flags and RC Signals (see following pages)
Typical Mark BoatsPin Boat
Upwind Mark BoatLeeward Mark boats
The Role of the Ollie Horn!Use of Hailers and Radio
FLAGS FOR THE START
a.The Class Flags (Div I, II, III & IV, Atlantic, Thistles, etc), Division 4 will be used only for Wednesday Nights. Divisions 1 and III will be used for Sundays for PHRF
b. Starting Sequence Flags - P, I, Z, and Black Flag
c. AP (Postpone) d. X (Individual) and General Recall flags (fixed on poles)
“A” Mid Line Buoy Placard Code flag “A” (long line)
“B” Mid Line Buoy Placard Code flag “B” (short line)
“T” (3 Minute Sequence will be used)
“H” No More Racing Today
Unique Starting Flags to CPYCDisplayed on Race Signal Boat Only prior to Sequence
FLAGS and RC Signals FOR THE COURSE (Needed on EACH BOAT):
H (no more racing for the day) C (Change of Course),
Digital “N” course boards are equipped on all the support boats Black Bands are needed for inflatable mark changes
M (Missing Mark) S (Shorten Course)
T (3 Minute Sequence will be used)
N (All races that have started are abandoned) i. A (Hoisted under N) (All races are abandoned- no more racing today) ii. H (Hoisted under N) (All races are abandoned- further signals made ashore)
Common RC Mistakes
Arriving at the Club Late
Leaving the Dock Late
Not being Decisive about where to anchor the RC Boat
Not Reading the Sailing Instructions, Fleet Preferences & RC Guidelines
Setting Courses that are either to long or to short for conditions on the water
Changing marks to frequently or not frequently enough
Not recording time of finishes for PHRF.
Setting courses for different Fleets that intersect at marks or at the finish
NO UPWIND AND DOWNWIND FINISHES AT THE SAME TIME
BASIC RACE EQUIPMENT (If you forget ANY of these, it will haunt you)
1.WIND STICK (That Metal Stick with telltales used to site the line) 2.CLOCK/WATCH with HR:MM:SECONDS to record START&FINISH TIMES 3.VHF RADIOS – TEST AND TUNE TO CHANNEL 78 (turn on before you leave the dock) 4.Handheld ‘Hockey Puck” Compass 5.Handheld VHF Radios 6.Cell Phone (Suggested as alternate to Radios, sometime better in emergencies7.Club Phone (203) 226-7411 – BRING YOUR YEARBOOK for best results 8.Tape Recorders (Available at the dock office). 9.Starting Flags and Course Cards (See above) 10.TEST YOUR OLLIE’S HORN – DON’T ASSUME ALL WORK! 11.Backup Ollie Horns – DON’T ASSUME ALL WORK! 12.Manual Air horns (at least TWO (preferably full) per boat)13.STARTING SEQUENCE CARDS (ALL DIVISIONS, & ONE DESIGNS) a. If you use the Big RC Boat these are placed on the starboard side of the main cabin. b. If you are using a smaller boat for RC (Privateer or Skiff) YOU WILL NEED to make sure you have a place to post these. 14.13. Mid Line Buoy Placards of code flag A (long line) & B (Short line) 15.14. Change of Course Equipment a. Digital “N” course boards are equipped on all the support boats b. Black Bands are needed for inflatable mark changes 16.15. Fleet Check in Sheets/Clip boards, score sheets, pen/paper
The 10 Basic Racing Rules
1. Port/Starboard – When boats are on opposite tacks meet the port tack boat must keep clear. Recommended that the Starboard Skipper assert his right of way by calling “starboard”
2. Windward/Leeward When boats are on the same tack. 2 Rules apply: • Windward boats keep clear • Overtaking boats keep clear
3. Changing Tack. While you are tacking you must keep clear of other boats not doing so and you must give the other boat room and opportunity to react.
4. Avoid Collisions with other boats that cause injury or damage. And hitting another boat is SLOW!
5. Buoy Room. When you round or pass a mark other than a starting mark you must give an inside overlapped boat room to round the mark.
6. Barging The buoy room rule does not apply on the starting line. Don’t luff pass head to wind on the starting line.
7. Over Early. Don’t be over the start line before the starting signal.
8. You can defend against an overtaking boat passing to windward by luffing your boat.
9. Don’t touch the marks.
10. If you infringe a rule take a penalty. For Some penalties one or two full turns clears your foul. If you do not you can be protested and disqualified in a formal protest committee.
11. No Yelling, make sure everyone is having fun aboard.
Starting a Sailboat Race
Click Here for Fundamentals of Starting
or go tohttp://on.aol.com/video/small-boat-racing---starts-
161780306
Upcoming Agenda April 28, 2015 1830 to 2030 Topics in approximate ½ hour blocks:
How to Start and Finish a Race (From Basics to Advanced) How to have Fun Sailing (come on Tuesdays!)
How to Be Invited Back as Crew What is Strategy and Why It matters in Racing or Cruising
What are Tactics and Why they matter in Racing or Cruising Preparing to Go Sailing on May 5, 2015
