Yeshiva University, Cardozo School of LawLARC @ Cardozo Law

Pre-2019 Commencement Programs Graduation

6-10-2001

Twenty-Third Annual Commencement ExercisesBenjamin N. Cardozo School of Law

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B e 1t1jami1t1 N. Ca~dozo School of Law

YESHIVA UNIVERSITY

TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL COMMENCEMENT EXERCISES

SUNDAY JUNE TENTH TWO THOUSAND ONE

AVERY FISHER HALL LINCOLN CENTER NEW YORK CITY

PROCESSIONAL

Herbert C. Dobrinsky, EdD Vice President for University Affairs Yeshiva University

Herald

PRESIDING

Morton Lowengrub, PhD Vice President for Academic Affairs Yeshiva University

Chief Marshal

Norman Lamm, PhD President Yeshiva University

NATIONAL ANTHEM

Cantor Ira W. Heller, PsyD The Jewish Center, New York City

Yeshiva College 1983 Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology 1985

INVOCATION

Michael Eytan Dubitsky Class of 200 7

WELCOME

Paul R. Verkuil, JSD Dean Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law

This program contains a listing of candidates for degrees and honors during the period July 2000-June 2001, it is not an official roster of graduates.

COMMENCEMENT ADDRESS

Alan M. Dershowitz, LLB Felix Frankfurter Professor of Law Harvard Law School

REMARKS

Earle I. Mack, BS Chairman, Board of Directors Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law

ALUMNI GREETINGS

Sarah Steiner, JD Class of 7 983

AWARDS AND HONORS

Dean Verkuil

Stewart E. Sterk, JD Senior Associate Dean Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law

CONFERRING OF MASTER OF LAWS (LLM) DEGREES

CONFERRING OF JURIS DOCTOR (JD) DEGREES

President Lamm

Dean Verkuil

STUDENT REMARKS

Scott Daniel McCoy Class of 200 7

HATIKVAH

Cantor Heller

RECESSIONAL

Please remain seated until the Recessiona I is completed.

De91-'4ee Ca1-1didates

Maste r of Laws as of September 28, 2000

Abdon Lumacang De La Pena LLB, Far Eastern University /Philippines)

Annita Lou ise Swait LO, Colatina School of Law (Brazil)

Master of Laws as of January 31, 2001

Mohamed Abdelkhalik LLB, Police Academy-Cairo

Andreas Karl Aschenbrenner STE, Ludwig Maximillian University LO, University of Munich

Rouzbeh Ashayeri BS, University of Michigan JD, Yeshiva University

Elena Baier BA,AII-Union Correspondence Institute of Law (Russia)

Maria Alejandra Diaz SCL, Central University (Venezuela) LO, Universidad Catolica Andres-Bello

Joshua Adam Greenberg BFA, New York University JD, Yeshiva University

Jasper Hagenberg LO, Free University Berlin

Hao-Chung Hou LLB, Chinese Culture University

Sandeep Kumar Lal BA, New York University JD, Yeshiva University

Andrzej Mala rz LO, Marie Curie-Sklodowska University School of Law (Poland)

Enrique Pena-Perez JD, Central American University /Nicaragua)

Jesus Jesie Rocha Sanez BA, University of the Philippines LLB, University of the East Philippines

Evelyn Vijaya luxmi Sylvester LLM, University of Warwick LLB, University of Colombo

Katarzyna Malgorzata Tychanska LO, UniversityofWroclaw

Susan Weerasinghe LO, University of Fribourg

Stefan Wieser LO, University of Passau

Sonja Sue Wi lcox-Berrie! BA, University of Detroit-Mercy JD, Yeshiva University

Master of Laws as of June I 0, 200 I

Shakeel Ahmad BA, Peshawer University (Pakistan) LLB, Frontier College of Law

Shirley Bar-Noy LLB, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem

Albana Bollati LO, University ofTirana (Albania)

Stacey Cameron Chesser BA, Indiana University JD, Syracuse University

Romilda Pia Crocamo BA, MA, New York University JD, Yeshiva University

Deborah Drimmer BA, Brandeis University JD, Brooklyn Law School

David E. Foox LLB, Victoria University {New Zealand)

Dina E. Galeyeva LO, Higher Law School Adi/et {Russia)

Julie Herzog MAIT, Universite Pantheon-Assas, Paris

Junko Ishibashi BA, Waseda University {Japan) LLB, Chuo University {Japan)

Anna Maria Jakobsson LLM, University of Lund

Athina Ka raman lis MS, University of Athens JD, University of Athens PhD, Columbia Pacific University

Victor Knapp BS,JD, St.John's University

Elina Koci LO, University of Tirana

Anke Krueger LO, Free University of Berlin

Amy Ruth LaMendola BM, Ohio State University JD, University of Cincinnati

Moran Levy LLB, Ramat-Gan College (Israel)

James Anthony Lovensheimer BA, University of Virginia JD, University of Cincinnati

Melanie Mabel Meyer LO, University of Cologne

Christina Ostertag LO, University Johannes Gutenberg {Germany)

Michelle Mendes Purri LLB, Milton Campos University {Brazil)

Ju liet Cuevas Tabanao-Galicinao BA, University of the Philippines LLB, San Beda College

Darian Boos Taylor BA, Sarah Lawrence College JD, Vanderbilt University

Galia T.Theoph ilova LO, Sofia University

Marijke K. van Ekris BA, Haverford College LLB, City University, London

Hsiao-hsiang Wan BL, National Chung Hsing University {Taiwan)

Nili Weitzman BA, LLB, Interdisciplinary Center, Herzliya (Israel)

Yoko Yamamoto BA, University of Oregon LLB, Ritsumeikan University {Japan)

De9...-ee CaV\d idates

3<Aris Doctor as of September 28, 2000

Louis Michael Perlman BA, University of Strathclyde (Scotland) MS, London University

Louis Paz Winner BA, Indiana University

3<Aris Doctor as of January 31, 2001

Steven Anthony Aruz BA, CUNY-John Joy College

Sha ina B. Baras BS, Yeshiva University

David W. Canter BA, Eckerd College

Jul ia P. Cheng BA, Boston University

Barry S. Cohen BA, Clark University

Aglaia Davis BA, New York University

Rosa Elfant BA, Hofstra University

Kevin M. Favreau BA, Montclair State University

Katherine Nuqui Fernandez BA, SUNY-Binghomton

Regina E. Foont BA, Columbia University

Jonathan E. Gross BS, Touro College

Michael D. Heller BA, New York University

Susan K. Hong BA, Wellesley College

Roza lia Jovanovic BA, University of Pennsylvania

Andrea Y. Kim BA, New York University

Susan J. Kohn BA, New York University

Albert N. Lung BA, New York University

Scott D. McCoy AB, William Jewell College MA, George Washington University

Samuel M. Meirowitz BA, SUNY-Albony

Michel le M. Miciotto-Kostun

Aliya J. Nelson BA, Rutgers University

Olga L. Nikish in BA, New York University

Meyer Orbach BA, CUNY-Queens College

3<Aris Doctor as ofJonuory 31, 200 I

Melissa E. Rosenthal BA, University of Tennessee MA, CUNY-John Joy College

Karen Saab BA, St.John's University MA, New School University

Abraham Sa fd ie BA, CUNY-Brooklyn College

3<Aris Doctor as of June I 0, 200 I

Nancy Abdelrahman BA, New York University

Mary F. Alest ra BE, The Cooper Union

Seth V. Al hadeff BA, Colgate University

Catherine L. Alin BA, University of Washington

Marc E. Al lan BA, University of Texas

M. Maricela Alvarez BA, Skidmore College

Karen E. Antoine BA, New York University

Jodi H. Appel-Kaplan BA, University of Florido

Amy S.Arn BA, University of Pennsylvania

Mark H. Aronowitz BA, University of Rhode Island

Lauren Z.Asher BA, Reed College

Laura A. Bailyn AB, Washington University

Li ndsay A. Baker BSJ, Ohio University

Adekunle 0. Bankole BA, CUNY-City College

Sara L. Barfield BA, Tulane University

Rudolph J. Baron BA, Wayne State University MA, Long Island University

Brooke R. Bass BA, New York University

Jonathan R. Bauer AB, Washington University

Martin E. Beeler BA, University of Texas

Karen P. Bekker BA, Oberlin College

Melissa N. Benes BBA,Adelphi University

Veronique Berdugo BS, SUNY-Buffolo

Edward Berkovitz 85, New York University

Rina Bersohn BA, Columbia University

Theresa M. Bevilacqua BM, Syracuse University

Justin Blackhal l

Marcy Block BA, Boston University

David A. Boag BA, SUNY-Buffolo

Benny B. Bobker BS, Johns Hopkins University

Joseph S. Bonventre BA, New York University

Robin M. Brooks-Rigolosi BA, Son Francisco State University

Martina A. Brosnahan BA, Barnard College

Jennifer P. Brown BA, New York University

Kelley A. Burns BA, Fordham University

David A. Case BA, Bord College

I-Chuang Chen BA, Eastern Washington University MS,Fordham University MBA, Seattle University

Pamela Cheong BA, BS, California State University

Helen Cohen BA, CUNY-Queens College

Tara P. Cook-Littman BA, Brandeis University

John D. Coyle BS, Rutgers University

Robert Kent Cox BA, University of Missouri

Phillip J. Daman BA, University of Michigan

Melissa H. Davis BA, University of Michigan

Robert B. Davis BA, CUNY-City College

Jennifer N. Deitch BA, George Washington University

Mel issa S. Devack BA, Tufts University

Christophe L. DiFalco BA, Amherst College

Carin M. Dorf BA, SUNY-Binghamton

Michael L. Dowdy BFA, Parsons School of Design

Jaime A. Dowell BA, Michigan State University

James A. Drago BA, San Diego Srote University

Michael Eytan Dubitsky BA, MS, Yeshiva University

Eric P. Ebenstein BA, Lehigh University

Stacy L. Eberhart BA, Michigan State University

LaToya Edwards BA, Canisius College

Matthew H. Ehrlich 85, University of Arizona

Jillian P. Erdheim BA, Emory University

Sabrina V. Eshaghian BA, Barnard College MS, London School of Economics

Abraham Esses BA, Yeshiva University

Naftali Falda BA, CUNY-Brooklyn College

Reuven Falik 85, Yeshiva University

Michael S. Farkas 85, University of Virginia

Chloe E. Feinberg BA, Tufts University

Jenn ifer M. Feldman BA, University of Pennsylvania

Jody L. Feldman BA, Tulane University

Barbara Fae Feldstein BA, Boston College

Marcus W. Ferguson BA, University of South Carolina

David Todd Feuerstein BA, Yale University

Pamela D. Field BA, New York University BSN, Columbia University

Dana M. Fingerhut BA, SUNY-Binghomton

Amnon A. Fisch BA, York University (Canada)

Jeffrey A. Fisher BA, Long Island University

Ryon D. Fleming BA, West Chester University of Pennsylvania

Brennan J. Foley BA, Reed College

Matthew P. Forman BA, Amherst College

Degree CaV\didates

Kimathi Foster BS, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Paulette S. Fox BA, Syracuse University

Aaron E. Fredrickson BA, St.John's College

Chad B. Friedman BA, Yeshiva University

Beth R. From BA, CUNY-Brooklyn College

Sara H. Gershuni BA, York University (Canada)

Daniel Y. Gielch insky BS, Yeshiva University

Timothy M. Gladden BA, CUNY-Hunter College

Joanna H. Gold BA, University of Wisconsin

Noah C. Goldberg BA, Johns Hopkins University

Abigail L. Goldenberg BM, Oberlin College

Stacey L. Goldston BA, New York University

Michael J. Gollender BA, Rutgers University

Susana K. Gonzalez BA, University of Florida

Jonathan S. Goodgold BA, SUNY-Binghamton

Adam J. Goodstein BA, SUNY-Albany

Sheree R. Gootzeit BA, SUNY-Binghamton

Daniel S. Gordon BA, University of Rochester

Naomi Gordon BA, Yeshiva University

Alan Gotthelf BA, CUNY-City College MA, Cornell University

Adam K. Grant BA, Vanderbilt University

Joshua Hager

Daniel Haies BA, CUNY-Queens College

John Hall BA, CUNY-Queens College

Jason E. Halper BA, Columbia University

Shoshana Rivka Halstuch BA, Yeshiva University

Kevin J. Heller BA, Rutgers University

Antony A. Hilton BBA, George Washington University

Jacob Hirsch BA, University of Maryland

Jennifer K. Hirsh BA, Brown University

Alexandra Hochman BA, University of Michigan

Jessica A. Horani BA, University of Nebraska

Steven J. Horowitz BA, Tufts University

Tania D. Horton BA, New York University

Rachael A. Hughes BS, Old Dominion University

David C. I BA, Brandeis University

Joseph A. Inzerillo BS, St.John's University

Sara Mojdeh Israeli BA, Yeshiva University

Michael I.Jackowitz BA, Tufts University

Alexandra B. Jacobs BA, Brown University

Mark S. Jaffe BA, SUNY-Albany

Rachel B. Jaffe BA, Ithaca College

Laurie I. Jaffee BA, CUNY-Hunter College

Robert C. James BS, SU NY-Empire State College

Antonio Johnson BS, University of Pennsylvania

Ad ina R. Kadden BA, Villa Julie College

Gabriel D. Kader BA, University of Southern California

Ilana Helen Kahan BA, Yeshiva University

Russe ll R. Kaiser BA, University of Washington

Laurel L. Ka llen BA, San Francisco State University MA, UC-Berkeley

Sneha P. Kapadia BA, University of Virginia

Diana Kaplan BA, SUNY-Binghamton

David A. Karp BA, University of Michigan

Michelle Renee Katz BA, Brandeis University

Adam B. Kaufman BA, Brandeis University

Peter A. Kempner BA, SUNY-Purchase

Jessica Y. Kim BA, SUNY-Binghamton

Jung Nina R. Kim BS, Columbia University

Wendy A. Kraus BA, Wesleyan University

Tapitha B. Krezonis BA, University of San Diego

Pery D. Krinsky BA, University of Maryland

Sharon B. Krista I AB, Princeton University

Gaston Kroub BA, New York University

Joel Samuel Kruger BA, Yeshiva University

Jacob T. Kubetz BA, University of New England

Tamar E. La ndy BA, CUNY-Queens College

Richard M. Lansky BA, Duke University

Jisoo Lee BA, Yonsei University MBA, Columbia University

Aaron D. Lefton

Andrew D. Leftt BA, CUNY-John Jay College

Rajal S. Lele BA, Lehigh University

Damon S. Levenstien BA, SUNY-Albany

Roger Leviton BA, New York University

Michael C. Levy BA, SUNY-Albany

Justin M. Lichterman BS, University of Colorado

Lauren S. Littman BA, SUNY-Binghamton

Amy J. Litwin BA, University of Wisconsin

Jennifer R. Loyd BS, Cornell University MPA, New York University

Alexander Lumelsky BA, New York University

Thomas R. Lunde BA, BS, University of Iowa MBA, San Francisco State University

Jonathan I. Lyons AB, Washington University

Angela Mak BA, SUNY-Purchase

Richa rd Maluga BA,Fordham University

Lau ryn B. Manheim BA, University of Wisconsin

Sari Mann BA, University of Wisconsin

Neeli Berger Margolis BA, Rutgers University

Stacy M. Markus BA, Cornell College

Melissa M. Mathis AB, Bard College

Romina A. Matlis BA, CUNY-Brooklyn College

Jul ia L. Mattson BA, Franklin and Marshall College

Jordan L. Matusow BA, University of Pennsylvania

Peter James McHugh BA, Rutgers University

Marc A. McKithen BS, Rider University

Yecheskel Menashe BA, UC-Berkeley

Jordan J. Messeri BA, University of Wisconsin

Beatrice Mikh ly BA, CUNY-Brooklyn College

Anne Mogilevich BA, Brandeis University

Daniel la Machnikoff Muller BA, CUNY-Queens College

Tara M. Muskus BA, New York University

Teresa Muso lino BA, New York University

Uri M. Myerson BA, SUNY-Binghamton

Jod i L. Nagel BA, American University

Soo Kyung Nam BA, Korea University-Seoul BA, CUNY-Hunter College

Mustapha L. Ndanusa BA, CUNY-City College

Nico le E. Nelson AB, Dartmouth College

Brett Nizzo BA, University of Maryland

Gordon Z. Novod BA, Emory University

Donniel Ogorek BA, CUNY-Queens College

Ephrat Shulkes Orgel BS, Yeshiva University

3"'ris Doctor as af June 10, 2001

David A. Osso BA, CUNY-Queens College

Mohammed A. Panjwani BS, New York University

Michelle Harel Papper BA, Brandeis University

Michael J. Parrish BA, Rutgers University MA, Denver Conservative Baptist Seminary MA, University of Colorado

Stephanie B. Pearl BA, University of Pennsylvania

Marc S. Perlman AB, Bowdoin College

Gertrude M. Pfaffenbach BS, Wagner College MS, PhD, New York University

Natalie Pishan idar BA, Barnard College

Eric L. Polishook BA, Tufts University

Vicky Portnov BA, New York University

Scott J. Posner BA, University of Pennsylvania

Neil L. Postrygacz BA, SUNY-Binghamton

Simmi Prasad BA, University of Michigan

Juan C. Pucha BA, St. John's University

Eric A. Radziminsky BA, University of Michigan

Kara L. Rappaport BA, University of Florida

Daniel D. Regan BS, New York University

Rachel A. Rehaut BA, Rutgers University

Jeffrey M. Reingold BA, Tufts University

Russell M. Reiter BA, Tufts University

Joshua T. Reitzas AB, Bowdoin College

Craig D. Ricci BS, University of South Alabama

Katherine Richardson BA, University of Pennsylvania

Dennis Rimkunas

Jennifer E. Rodgers BA, Emory University

Michael H. Rogers BA, Columbia University

Matthew A. Rosen BS, Indiana University

Tova Rachel Rosenberg BA, Yeshiva University

Paul E. Ryan BA, CUNY-Queens College

Eric M. Saidel BS, Cornell University

Shai Samet BA, Yeshiva University

Zachary J. Sanders BA, University of Oregon

Jaret SanPietro BA, CUNY-Brooklyn College

Jocelyn L. Santo BA, University of Michigan

Daniel le S. Sapse BA, Barnard College

Sima Saran BA, Barnard College

Ari J. Sauer BS, Yeshiva University

James A. Schiff BA, Lafayette College

Kara B. Schissler BS, Cornell University

Sarianne M. Schwartz BA, Brandeis University

Jeremy A. Sears BA, University of Pennsylvania

Aaron G. Shafer BA, Michigan State University

Sonny S. Shalom BA, Rutgers University

Maged E. Sharabi BA, New York University

Jodi J. Sharp BA,McGill University

Joel A. Shelton BA, Warren Wilson College

Dmitriy Sh leymovich BA, New York University

Victor Sigoura BA, Rutgers University

Marc H. Simon BA, University of Pennsylvania

Scott M. Sisun BA, University of Massachusetts-Amherst

David F. Sivella BA, Rutgers University

Richard J. Sl ivinski BS, Rutgers University

Andrea B. Sluchan BA, Vassar College

Lonica L. Smith BS, University of Utah

David A. Solomon BA, Emory University

Edward V. Spark BA, Vassar College

Marit A. Spitzer BA, UC-San Diego

Alyson J. Sprafkin BA, University of Maryland

Lloyd Steele BA, University ofToronto MBA, York University (Canada)

Ari J. Stein BA, University of Maryland

Marc A. Stein BS, Cornell University

Walter J. Storey BS, Georgetown University MA, Pennsylvania State University

Frederick W. Strasser BA, Rutgers University

Michael L. Strauss BA, Yeshiva University

Jaesan S. Subramaniam BM, New York University

Margaret M. Sweeney BA, SUNY-Buffalo

Lara J. Taibi BA, Lehigh University

Khalilah M.Taylor BA, Temple University

Octavia T. Taylor BA, University of Virginia

Jodi S. Tesser BA, Union College

Stacey L.Toder BA, Tule:ne University

Michael S.Topiel BA, Johns Hopkins University

Lisa E.Tuntigian BA, MA, CUNY-Queens College

Michael A.Turner BA, Swarthmore College

Irina Vaysfeld BA, University of Michigan

Michael P. Wald inger BA, University of Colorado

Vivian V. Walton BS, Fordham University

Sa rah F. Warren BA, Boston University

Aharon M. Weinstein BS, Yeshiva University

Sarah A. Weisman BA, Wellesley College MA, University of Chicago

Emi ly R. Wilansky BA, University of Michigan

Carman Y. Wil liams BA, CUNY-City College

Lilah D.Wilson BA, St. John's University

Jamie R. Wozman BA, University of Wisconsin

Jane I. Yoon BA, SUNY-Geneseo

Ju lie C. Young BS, Pennsylvania State University

Robert Zanetti BA, SUNY-Binghamton

Dawn C. Zegub BS, University of Southern California

.Awards aV1d t-l oV\ors

CSL FACULTY AWARDS

Felix Frankfurter Award

Melissa M. Mathis

Louis D. Brandeis Award

Jocelyn Laura Santo

Louis Henkin Award

Andreas Karl Aschenbrenner

Dr. Samuel Belkin Award

Alan Gotthelf

Best Note in a Cardozo Journal

Albert Nian Lung

Best Independent Supervised Writing

Tova Rachel Rosenberg

Best Writing-Civil Advocacy

Lisa E. Tuntigian

Best Writing-Criminal Advocacy

Julia Louise Mattson

Steven Eric Tanenbaum Leadership Award

Peter Alland Kempner

John D. Appel Award

Gordon Zachary Novod

Monrad G. Paulsen Award

Stewart E. Sterk

New York State Bar Association Law Student Legal Ethics Award

Katherine Rose Richardson

Jonathan Weiss Award for Public Interest Advocacy

Aaron Edward Fredrickson

Stanley H. Beckerman Public Interest Award

Tania Danielle Horton

The Honorable Archie A. Garfinkel Award

Tara P Cook-Littman

National Association of Women Lawyers Outstanding Law Graduate Award

Alexandra Hochman

JACOB BURNS MEDALS

Significant Contribution to a Law Journal

Margaret Mary Sweeney Cardozo Online Journal of Conflict Resolution

Alyson Jill Sprafkin Cardozo Studies in Law and Literature

Special Contribution to the Law School

Adekunle Oladapo Bankole Reuven Falik David Todd Feuerstein

Moot Court Achievement

Best Oralist

Ag laia Davis

Best Brief

Robert C. James

Members, National Moot Court Team

Aglaia Davis Christophe Leon DiFalco Jason Elliot Halper Jennifer Rebecca Loyd

Distinguished Achievement in a Moot Court Competition

Alan Gotthelf Robert C. James Jonathan Innes Lyons Gordon Zachary Novod

ORDER OF THE BARRISTERS

Carin M. Dorf Abiga il Lynne Goldenberg Naomi S. Gordon Alan Gotthelf Robert C. James Jonathan Innes Lyons Peter J. McHugh Gordon Zachary Novod Lisa E.Tuntigian

ALUMNI ASSOCIATION SCHOLARSHIPS

Adekunle Oladapo Bankole Margaret Mary Sweeney Lisa E.Tuntigian

Monroe E. Price Alumni Scholarship

Timothy M. Gladden

Lila Yagerman Alumni Scholarship

Roxanne De Francesco (Class of 2002)

HEYMAN SCHOLARS

Laura Anne Bailyn Martin Earl Beeler Michael Scott Farkas David Todd Feuerstein Joseph Anthony Inzerillo Melissa M. Mathis Jordan Lee Matusow Scott Jonathan Posner Kara Blair Schissler

CLERKSHIPS

US Court of Appeals Melissa M. Mathis

US District Court Joceyln Laura Santo

US Bankruptcy Court Pamela Cheong Chad B. Friedman

US Court of International Trade Teresa Musolino

State Courts David A. Case (Alaska) Matthew Peter Forman (New York) Shoshana R. Halstuch (New Jersey) Justin Myer Lichterman (Colorado) Scott Daniel McCoy (Utah) Jodi Jensen Sharp (New Jersey) Scott Michael Sisun (New Jersey)

CARDOZO LAW REVIEW Third-Year Students

Michael J. Parrish Editor-in-Chief

Melissa M. Mathis Executive Editor

Albert N. Lung Managing Editor

Martin Earl Beeler Daniel Steven Gordon Rachel Brooke Jaffe Victor Haim Sigoura Supervising Editors

Justin Myer Lichterman Uri Matthew Myerson Natalie Pishanidar Jocelyn Laura Santo Notes Editors

Jonathan Robert Bauer Scott Daniel McCoy Articles Editors

Michael Ian Jackowitz Administrative Editor

Karen Bekker Noah Charles Goldberg Senior Editors

Neeli Berger Margolis Symposia Editor

Scott Jonathan Posner Production Editor

Dmitriy Shleymovich Internet Editor

David Todd Feuerstein Adam Keith Grant Steven J. Horowitz Dennis Rimkunas Michael Howard Rogers Kara Blair Schissler Julie C. Young Staff Members

Mary F. Alestra Michael Scott Farkas Jonathan E. Gross Michelle Monique Miciotto-Kostun Abraham J. Safdie Marc Allan Stein Staff Members (1999-2000)

CARDOZO ARTS & ENTERTAINMENT LAW JOURNAL Third-Year Students

Sarah Freeling Warren Editor-in-Chief

Paulette Suzanne Fox Managing Editor

Thomas Roy Lunde Executive Editor

M. Maricela Alvarez Walter J. Storey Acquisitions Editors

Jillian Paige Erdheim Craig David Ricci Notes and Comments Editors

Sabrina Valerie Eshaghian Laurel Lynn Kallen Production Editors

Stacey L. Goldston Sima Saran Symposia Editors

Lonica L. Smith Internet Editor

Theresa Marie Bevilacqua Senior Articles Editor

Jennifer Nicole Deitch Daniel Jeremy Haies Jodi Lynn Nagel Vivian Victoria Walton (Fall 2000) Emily R. Wilansky Articles Editors

Awal"ds avd t-loV\ol"s

Joseph Salvatore Bonventre CARDOZO JOURNAL OF CARDOZO ONLINE JOURNAL OF MOOT COURT Adjunct Editor INTERNATIONAL AND CONFLICT RESOLUTION Third-Year Students

Brooke Robyn Bass COMPARATIVE LAW Third-Year Students Gordon Zachary Novod David W.J. Canter Third-Year Students Susan Kyunga Hong (Fall 2000) Editor-in-Chief

Chloe Elizabeth Feinberg John S. Ha ll Margaret Mary Sweeney Lisa E.Tuntigian

Joshua Hager Editor-in-Chief Co-Editors-in-Chief Competitions Editor

Gaston Kroub Ryon David Fleming Peter J. McHugh Jordan J. Messeri Wendy Alison Cain Kraus

Marc H. Simon Executive Editor Executive Editor Managing Editor

Staff Members (1999-2000) Paul E. Ryan Robert Zanetti (Fall 2000) Abigail Lynne Goldenberg Managing Editor Managing Editor Executive Teams Editor

Eric Matthew Saidel Aaron Edward Fredrickson Robert C. James CARDOZO WOMEN'S

Production Editor Senior Articles Editor Carin M. Dorf LAW JOURNAL

Jennifer K. Hirsh Kelley Burns Naomi S. Gordon Third-Year Students Jonathan Innes Lyons Michael Steven Topiel Symposia Editor Katherine Rose Richardson Memorandum Editors

Senior Articles Editors Tapitha Brande Krezonis Editor-in-Chief David Alexander Boag Stacy L. Eberhart Rajal Lele Jessica Yoochin Kim And rea Beth Sluchan Internet Editors Pamela Cheong Senior Managing Editor Notes & Comments Editors Jacob T. Kubetz

Tara P. Cook-Littman

Karen Saab Senior Notes Editor Christophe Leon DiFalco

Lauren Zoe Asher Matthew P. Forman Executive Editor Mohammed Ali Panjwani Mel issa Suzanne Devack Alan Gotthelf Eric Paul Ebenstein Marc Samuel Perlman Kara Lauren Rappaport Jason Elliot Halper Articles Editor Jane lnyoung Yoon Rachel Anne Rehaut Jennifer Rebecca Loyd Justin Blackhal l Articles Editors Notes Editors Brett Jon Nizzo (1999-2000) Sheree Robyn Gootzeit Robert B. Davis Adekunle Oladapo Bankole Joshua T. Reitzas Susana Kristine Gonzalez Subscriptions Editor Angela Mak James Alexander Schiff Notes Editors Kevin J. Heller Mustapha Lakpene Ndanusa Jodi Jensen Sharp

Michael Charles Levy Symposia Editor Articles Editors Editors

Romina A Matlis Richard Joseph Slivinski Helen L. Cohen Mary F. Alestra Melissa Everett Rosenthal /nemet Editor Annotations Editor Aglaia Davis Managing Editors

Kimathi Foster Susan Julia Kohn

James Alan Drago Amy Schulder Arn

Adam Jonathan Goodstein Scott Michael Sisun

Melissa Halle Davis Staff Members Diana Kaplan Staff Members Richard M. Lansky Annotations Editors Staff Members (1999-2000) Nancy Abdelrahman

Sara H. Gershuni Edward Berkovitz Phill ip Justin Daman David Adam Karp Pamela Diane Field Symposia Editor Damon Scott Levenstien Jisoo Lee Stacy Maria Markus Jordan Lee Matusow Staff Members (1999-2000) Julia Louise Mattson David Andre Osso Samuel Miles Meirowitz Shai Samet Octavia Trinette Taylor Jodi Shawn Tesser Staff Members (1999-2000) Stacey Loren Toder

Staff Members (1999-2000)

.Awal-'ds aV\d t-loV\ol-'s

SUMMA CUM LAUDE

Jocelyn Laura Santo

MAGNA CUM LAUDE

Karen Bekker Theresa Marie Bevilacqua David Todd Feuerstein Aaron Edward Fredrickson Daniel Steven Gordon Jonathan E. Gross Jason Elliot Halper Albert N. Lung Neeli Berger Margolis Melissa M. Mathis Julia Louise Mattson Scott Daniel McCoy Michelle Monique Miciotto-Kostun Scott Jonathan Posner Michael Howard Rogers Marc H. Simon Julie C. Young

CUM LAUDE

Mary F. Alestra Laura Anne Bailyn Brooke Robyn Bass Jonathan Robert Bauer Martin Earl Beeler Tara P. Cook-Littman John D.Coyle Jennifer Nicole Deitch Michael Scott Farkas Matthew Peter Forman Alan Gotthelf Adam Keith Grant Joshua Hager Daniel Jeremy Haies John S. Hall Steven J. Horowitz Rachel Brooke Jaffe Thomas Roy Lunde Uri Matthew Myerson Michael J. Parrish Dennis Rimkunas Abraham J. Safdie Kara Blair Schissler Dmitriy Shleymovich Richard Joseph Slivinski Marc Allen Stein Walter J. Storey

ORDER OF THE COIF

Brooke Robyn Bass Martin Earl Beeler Karen Bekker Theresa Marie Bevilacqua Jennifer Nicole Deitch David Todd Feuerstein Aaron Edward Fredrickson Daniel Steven Gordon Alan Gotthelf Adam Keith Grant Jonathan E. Gross Daniel Jeremy Haies Jason Elliot Halper Steven J. Horowitz Rachel Brooke Jaffe Albert N. Lung Neeli Berger Margolis Melissa M. Mathis Ju lia Louise Mattson Scott Daniel McCoy Michaelle Monique M iciotto-Kostun Michael J. Parrish Scott Jonathan Posner Dennis Rimkunas Michael Howard Rogers Jocelyn Laura Santo Kara Blair Schissler Dmitriy Shleymovich Marc H. Simon Julie C.Young

B eV\jamiV\ N. CaY'dozo School of Law

ADMINISTRATION

Pau l RVerku il, JSD Dean

Stewart E. Sterk, JD Senior Associate Dean

Matthew S. Levine, MBA Associate Dean for Business Affairs

Jacquelyn L. Burt, JD Assistant Dean for Placement

Judith Mender, JD Assistant Dean for Student Affairs

Robert L. Schwartz, JD Assistant Dean for Admissions

Lynn Wishart, AMLS, JD Director of the Dr. Lillian & Dr. Rebecca Chut ick Law Library

Barbara Birch, BA Director of Alumni Affairs

Susan L. Davis, MA Director of Public Affai rs

Toni M. Fi ne, JD Director of Graduate and International Programs

Nancy Kramer, JD Director of Placement

Lesl ie S. Newman, MA,JD Director of Legal Writing Program

Debbie Niederhoffer, MA Director of Development

Isabel K. Ba lson, MA Associate Reg istra r

Tom Curtin, BA Associate Director of Student Finance

FACULTY

Paris Baldacci Clinical Professor of Law and Supervising Attorney, Cardozo Bet Tzedek Legal Services Clinic

BA, 7 965, University of Scranton PhD, 1974, Marquette University JD, 1987, CUNY Law School

J. David Bleich Herbert and Florence Tenzer Professor of Jewish Law and Ethics

BA, 1960, Brooklyn College MA, 1968, Columbia University PhD, 1974, New York University

Lester Brickman Professor of Law

85, 1961, Carnegie-Mellon University JD, I 964, University ofFlorida LLM, 1965, Yale University

David Gray Carlson Professor of Law

BA, 1974, University of California at Santa Barbara JD, 1977, University of California or Hastings

Lau ra E. Cunn ingham Professor of Law

85, 1977, University of California at Davis JD 1980, University of California at Hastings LLM, 1988, New York University

Lawrence A. Cunningham Professor of Law and Director, The Samuel and Ronnie Heyman Center on Corporate Governance

BA, 1985, University of Delaware JD, 1988, Yeshiva University

Edward de Grazia Professor of Law

BA, I 948, JD, 1951, University of Chicago

Mitchel l Engler Associate Professor of Law

BA, 1979, Yale University JD, 1983, Harvard University

E. Nathaniel Gates Professor of Law

BA, 1978, JO, 1987, Yale University

Myriam Gilles Assistant Professor of Law

BA, 1993, Harvard-Radcliffe Colleges JD, 1996, Yale University

David Golove Associate Professor of Law

BA, 1979, JD, 1982, University of California at Berkeley LLM, 1993, Yale University

Toby Gol ick Clinical Professor of Law and Director, Cardozo BetTzedek Legal Services Clinic

BA, 1966, Barnard College JD, 1969, Columbia University

Peter Goodrich Professor of Law

LLB, 1975, University of Sheffield PhD, 1984, University of Edinburgh

Minasse Haile Professor of Law

BA, 1950, University of Wisconsin JD, 1954, MA, 1957, PhD, 1961, Columbia University

Malvina Halberstam Professor of Law

BA, 1957, Brooklyn College JO, 1961, MIA, 1964, Columbia University

Marci A. Hamilton Thomas H. Lee Professor of Public Law

BA, 1979, Vanderbilt University MA, 1982, MA, 1984, Pennsylvania State University JO, 1988, University of Pennsylvania

Eva H. Hanks Dr. Samuel Belkin Professor of Law and Society

Referendar, I 95 I, Freie Universitat Berlin, Faculty of Law LLB, 1960, University of California, Los Angeles LLM, 1962, JSD, 1969, Columbia University

John L. Hanks Professor of Law

BA, 1966, JD, 1968, Rutgers University MA, LLM, 1972, Columbia University

Michael Eric Herz Professor of Law

BA, 1979, Swarthmore College JO, 1982, University of Chicago

Kyron J. Huigens Associate Professor of Law

AB, 1981, Washington University JO, 1984, Cornell University

Arthur J. Jacobson Max Freund Professor of Litigation and Advocacy

BA, 1969, JD, 1974, PhD, 1978, Harvard University

Melanie Leslie Associate Professor of Law

BA, 1983, University of Oregon JD, 1991, Yeshiva University

Lela Porter Love Clinical Professor of Law and Director, Ku kin Program for Confiict Resolution and Cardozo Mediation Clin ic

AB, I 973, Harvard University MEd, 1975, Virginia Commonwealth University JD, 1979, Georgetown University

Peter Lush ing Professor of Law

AB, 1962, LLB, 1965, Columbia University

John 0 . McGinnis Professor of Law

BA, 1978, JD, 1983, Harvard University MA, 1980, Oxford University

Les lie S. Newman Associate Professor of Law and Di rector of Legal Writing

AB, MA, 1975, Brown University JD, 1978, Boston University

Jonathan H. Oberman Clinical Associate Professor of Law

BA, 1974, MA, MPhil, 1979, Columbia University JD, 1982, Northeastern University

Monroe E. Price Joseph and Sadie Danciger Professor of Law and Director, Howard M. Squadron Program in Media, Law and Society

BA, 1960, LLB, 1964, Yale University

Michel Rosenfeld Justice Sydney L. Robins Professor of International Law and Human Rights

BA, 1969, MA, 1971, MPhil, 1978, PhD, 1991, Columbia University JD, 1974, Northwestern University

David Rudenstine Dr. Herman George and Kate Kaiser Professor of Constitutional Law

BA, 1963, MAT, 1965, Yale University JD, 1969, New York University

Lesl ie Sa lzman Clinica l Associate Professor of Law and Supervis ing Attorney, Cardozo Bet Tzedek Legal Services Clinic

BA, 1978, Tufrs University JD, 1981, New York University

Barry C. Scheck Professor of Law and Director of Clinical Lega l Education

85, 1971, Yale University JD, MCP, 1974, University of California at Berkeley

Jeanne L. Schroeder Professor of Law

AB, 1975, Williams College JD, 1978, Stanford University

William Schwartz University Professor of Law

AA, 1952, AM, 1960, JD, I 955, Boston University LHD, 1996, Hebrew College LHD, 1998, Yeshiva University

Scott J. Shapiro Associate Professor of Law

BA, 1987, PhD, 1996, Columbia University JD, 1990, Yale University

Pau l M. Shu pack Professor of Law

AB, 1961, Columbia University JD, 1970, University of Chicago

Jonathan L.F. Silver Professor of Law

BA, I 969, Yale University JD, 1973, University of Pennsylvania

Edward Stein Associate Professor of Law

BA, 1987, Williams College PhD, 1992, Massachusetts Institute of Technology JD, 2000, Yale University

Stewart E. Sterk H. Bert and Ruth Mack Professor of Real Estate Law

AB, I 973, JD, 1976, Columbia University

Suzanne Last Stone Professor of Law

BA, 1974, Princeton University JD, 1978, Columbia University

Peter Til lers Professor of Law

BA, 1966, Yale University JD, I 969, LLM, I 972, Harvard University

Paul R. Verkuil Professor of Law and Dean

AB, 1961, College of William and Mary JD, 1967, University of Virginia LLM, 1969,JSD, 1972, New York University MA, 1971, New School for Social Research

Richard H. Weisberg Walter Floersheimer Professor of Constitutional Law

BA, 1965, Brandeis University PhD, 1970, Cornell University JD, 1974, Columbia University

BeV\jamiV\ N. Caf"dozo School of Law

Lynn Wishart Professor of Legal Research and Director of the Dr. Lillian & Dr. Rebecca Chutick Law Library

AB, 1969, West Virginia University AMLS, 1971, University of Michigan JD, 1977, Washington University

Charles M. Yablon Professor of Law

BA, 1972, Columbia University JD, 1975, Yale University

Ellen C. Ya roshefsky Clinica l Professor of Law

BA, I 969, JD, I 975, Rutgers University

Edward A. Zelinsky Professor of Law

BA, 1972, MA,JD, 1975, MPhil, 1978, Yale University

VISITING FACULTY

Barton Beebe Visiting Professor of Law

BA, I 992, University of Chicago PhD, 1998, Princeton University JD, 2000, Yale University

Arnold Enker Visiting Professor of Law

BA, 1955, Yeshiva University JD, 1958, Harvard University

George Fletcher Visiting Professor of Law

BA, 1960, University of California at Berkeley JD, 1963, MCL, 1965, University of Chicago

John Hicks Visiting Professor of Lew

BA, 1964, JD, 1967, Baylor University LL.M., 1972, University of Illinois

Jennifer Parish Visiting Clin ical Assistant Professor of Law, Cardozo Crimina l Law Clin ic

BA, I 992, Austin College JD, 1996, New York University

Uriel Procaccia Visiting Professor of Law

LLB, 1967, LLM, 1969 Hebrew University SJD, 1972, University of Pennsylvania

Andras Sajo Visiting Professor of Law

JD, 1972, ELTE Law Schaal PhD, 1977, Doctor of Legal Studies, 1982, Hungarian Academy of Sciences

John Wefing Visiting Professor of Law

AB, 1964, Sr Peter's College JD, 1967, Catholic University LLM, 1971, New York University

ADJUNCT FACULTY

Harold Abramson

R. Glenn Bauer

Simeon Baum

Peter L. Berger

Andrew S. Berkman

Barry Berkman

Adam Berner

Eric Bregman

Morris E. Cohen

Alvin Deutsch

Frank DiGiglio

Yassin EI-Ayouty

Bennett Ellenbogen

Edna Fast

David Feher

Janet Fink

Hedy Forspan

Maranda E. Fritz

Paul Gal lay

Gary Galperin

Elizabeth Goldman

Moshe Horn

Cheryl Howard

Justin Hughes

June Jacobson

Jill Konviser

James Kornbluh

David Korzenik

Jay Levy-Warren

Jeffrey Lewis

Rosalind Lichter

Arthur Linker

Burton N. Upshie

Susan Mackenzie

Gertrud Mainzer

Michael Miller

Peter Neufeld

Stanley Neustadter

Nadine Parker

Raymond Patterson

Curtis Pew

Stanley Plesent

Sally Ganong Pope

Bonnie Rabin

Stephen Ratner

Eric Rayman

Robert Rosh

David Ross

Michael Ross

Lucille Roussin

David B. Saxe

Frank J. Scardilli

Stephen J. Schulte

Brian Selvin

Daniel Shapiro

Peter Skolnick

Peter Shu kat

Shirley Adelson Siegel

Daniel Silverman

Melvin Simensky

Gigi Sohn

Louise Sommers

Charles J. Tejada

Evan Torgan

John Tsavaris

Michael Venditto

Jonathan Weinberg

Richard Weinberg

Zachary Weiss

Daniel Weitz

William Widen

Leon Wildes

Pau l Winick

Alan Wolf

Nancy Wolff

David Young

Joseph Zuckerman

LEGAL WRITING INSTRUCTORS

Elizabeth Bassin

David Battat

Marshall B. Bellovin

Maureen Galvin Dwyer

Ralph Fabrizio

Jill Gross

Robert Hammer

Jul ie A. Interdonato

Robin H. Kaplan

Scott Korenbaum

Victoria Kummer

John R. Lewis

Burton N. Lipshie

Jessica Magaldi

Vincent O'Reilly

Michael Pantazakos

Kenneth Pasquale

Michelle Roth

Jolie Schwell

Joel Shafferman

Cynthia Sheps

Olga Statz

Mary Ellen Weinberg

Hadassah Weiner

David Wi rtz

Lisa Zomberg

BeV\jamiV\ N . Cw•dozo School of L aw

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Earle I. Mack Chairman

Sheldon H. Solow Stephen J. Schulte Stephen B. Siegel Vice Chairmen

Barry A. Shenkman Treasurer

Ronnie Heyman Secretary

Robert M. Beren

Leon Black

Harvey R. Blau

Leon H. Charney

Arthur M. Goldberg *

Shimmie Horn

E. Bil li lvry

Eric M. Javits

Dr. Ira Kukin

Jonathan Kukin

Dr. Norman Lamm

Thomas H. Lee

Mark S. Lieberman

Jeffrey H. Loria

Lawrence Ruben

Barry K. Schwartz

Romie Shapiro

Bonnie Steingart

Rachel L. Warren

Stephen A. Weiss

Siggi B.Wilzig

Selig A. Zises

Honorary Directors

Joseph Appleman

Hon. Marvin E. Frankel

Hon. Stanley H. Fuld

Abraham S. Guterman

Prof. Louis Henkin

Samuel J. Heyman

Edgar J. Nathan Ill

* Deceased

COMMITTEE ON CEREMONIAL OCCASIONS

€ xectAtive Committee

Peter L. Ferrara, MA Chair

Judith Bacher, MA

Isabel Balson, MA

Jacquelyn Burt, JD

Cynthia Church, BA

Susan L. Davis, MA

Toni M. Fine,JD

Matthew Levine, MBA

Robert L. Schwartz, JD

Stewart E. Sterk, JD

FactAlty M a..-sha ls Michael E. Herz, JD Head Marshal

Toni M. Fine,JD

Kyron Huigens,JD

Melanie Leslie, JD

Burton N. Lipshie, LLB

Lela Porter Love.JD

Michael Ross, JD

Leslie Salzman, JD

Stewart E. Sterk, JD

Lynn Wishart, JD

Ellen Yaroshefsky, JD

SttAdeV\t Ci ..-ad tAati o V\

Committee

Adam K.Grant

Steven J. Horowitz

Andrew D. Leftt

}!esh.iva l.AV\ivev-sity

BOARD OF TRUSTEES

Robert M. Beren Chairman

David S. Gottesman Chairman Emeritus

Dr. Ira Kukin Vice Chairman

Ronald P. Stanton Vice Chairman

Sy Syms Vice Chairman

Morry Weiss Vice Chairman

Ludwig Bravma n n Treasurer

Burton P. Resnick Chairman, Executive Committee

David J. Azrieli

Jack A. Belz

Hal H. Beretz

Julius Berman**

Marvin S. Bienenfeld

Samson Bitensky

David Eshaghian

Judah Feinerman

Aaron Feuerstein

Dr. Felix L. Glaubach

Vivian Rose Glueck

Alan E. Goldberg

Milton Gralla

Ronnie Heyman

E.Bill i lvry

Michael Jesselson

Marcos D. Katz

Mordecai D. Katz

George Klein

Dr. Norman Lamm

Earle I. Mack

Bernard L. Madoff

Ira Leon Rennert

David I. Schachne

Michael Scharf

Jay Schottenstein

Irwin Shapiro

Moshael J. Straus

Joseph Wilf

David Yagoda

Honorary Trustees

S Daniel Abraham

Philip Belz*

J. Morton Davis

Eugene Ferkauf

Gerald Furst

Dr. Jacob E. Goldman

Emanuel Gruss

Abraham S. Guterman

Herbert H. Schiff

Joseph Segal

Marty Silverman

Gershon Stern

Elie Wiesel

Jay H. Zises

* Deceased

** Ex-Officio Chairman of affiliated Rabbi Isaac Elchanan Theological Seminary Board ofTrustees

ADMINISTRATION

Norman Lamm, PhD President

Morton Lowengrub, PhD Vice President for Academic Affairs

Dominick P Purpura, MD Vice President for Medical Affairs

Sheldon E. Socol, JD Vice President for Business Affairs

Daniel T. Forman, MS Vice President for Development

Herbert C. Dobrinsky, EdD Vice President for University Affairs

Sheldon R Gelman, PhD Associate Vice President for Academic Affairs

Martin H. Bockstein, LLB General Counsel

Peter L. Ferrara, MA Director of Communications and Public Affairs

Israel Miller, DD Senior Vice President Emeritus

David H. Zysman, MA Vice President for Development Emeritus