Strong Engineering:Solutions for Soft Eye Breakthrough

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Advantages of GFRP CRG bar Extremely high tensile strength High flexural strength High shear strength Extremely high modulus High pull-out strength, enhanced interaction between CRG and concrete Cuttability High corrosion resistance

Physical properties of CFRP CRG barCharacteristic Test method Value

(GFRP 1000)Unit

Glass content ISO 3451-1 ≥ 70 %

Density ISO 1183-1 ≥ 1.95 g/cm³

Tensile modulus of elasticity ASTM D7205-06 ≥ 55 GPa

Shear strength ASTM D732 ≥ 170 N/mm²

Patented product and intellectual property of Maccaferri. It is forbidden to copy or disclose to third parties without prior written consent. Offenders will be prosecuted.

Glass Fibre Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) Corrugated Bars

Note:(1) Dimensional/performance tolerance +/- 4% due to the natural shrinkage of the polyester resin used.

Product code Diameter (¹) [mm] Area (¹) [mm²] Ultimate Tensile

Load [kN]f*fu Tensile

strength [MPa] Weight [kg/m]

GFRP Bar D18.5 Lxx.x m 18.5 201 205 1000 0.51

GFRP Bar D20.8 Lxx.x m 20.8 254 260 1000 0.65

GFRP Bar D22.8 Lxx.x m 22.8 314 320 1000 0.79

GFRP Bar D25.0 Lxx.x m 25.0 380 385 1000 0.96

GFRP Bar D28.5 Lxx.x m 28.5 491 495 1000 1.26

GFRP Bar D32.0 Lxx.x m 32.0 615 560 900 1.60

GFRP Bar D34.0 Lxx.x m 34.0 707 640 900 1.81

GFRP Bar D36.5 Lxx.x m 36.5 804 730 900 2.10

GFRP Bar D38.5 Lxx.x m 38.5 908 775 850 2.38

GFRP Bar D41.0 Lxx.x m 41.0 1018 870 850 2.66

GFRP Bar D43.3 Lxx.x m 43.3 1134 970 850 2.98

GFRP Bar D45.5 Lxx.x m 45.5 1257 1010 800 3.30

GFRP Bar D51.5 Lxx.x m 51.5 1590 1275 800 4.25

engineeringStrong

Material Steel GFRPTensile strength (MPa) 275-517 600 to 1,100

Modulus (GPa) 200 35 to 50Material density (g/cm³) 7.90 1.85 to 1.95

GFRP CRG Bar

Glass fibre reinforced polymer GFRP bars can be used to replace traditional steel re-bar within temporary structures within tunnelling works.

GFRP CRG bars are used in diaphragm walls, retaining structures, piles and particularly for "Soft Eye" (e.g. knock-out panel) tunnel breakthrough.

Innovative engineered solution for a soft breakthrough

GFRP CRG bar reinforcement elements are composite materials, e.g. reinforced polyester resin matrix and unidirectional glass fibre (GFRP type E-Glass), with a continuous thread profile. The thread process does not affect the glass fibre integrity with the resultant benefit of significant enhancement of both friction effect (pull-out) and overall tensile strength capacity. The GFRP CRG bar has been engineered to meet the requirement for a high performance fibreglass bar.

The threaded profile of the GFRP bar enhances interaction with the surrounding concrete.

Detail of corrugated profile of GFRP bar

Load

[N/m

m²]

Deformation [%]Performance

2

GFRP CRG BarsApplications

Tunnel portals

Dimension and spacing for reference only. Detail design shall comply with the specific project requirements.

Figure 2: Stiffener ring

Figure 3: Spiral stirrup

40/Φ30

20/Φ25

Note: Overlapping shall comply strictly with design requirement

Figure 1: GFRP bar CRG - Cage assembly details (PILE)

Longitudinal Bars

Spiral Stirrup (tight end)

Tightening Point (Spiral Stirrup/Longitudinal Bars) to be pinned alternately

Spiral Stirrup (variable diameter and spacing according to the design requirement

Stiffener Rings (variable diameter, located within Pier Bar Cage)

GFRP reinforcement cage

Connection detail

3

Receiving and launching shafts

Dimension and spacing for reference only. Detail design shall comply with the specific project requirements.

"Soft Eye" cross section

Stirrups Φ 36 mm

Indicative example drawing (above) to illustrate typical use of GFRP reinforcement

"Soft Eye" plan view

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© 2016 Officine Maccaferri S.p.A. - Bologna - Italy. Photo: Officine Maccaferri Archive

Officine Maccaferri S.p.A.Via J.F. Kennedy, 1040069 Zola Predosa (Bologna) - ItalyT: +(39) 051 643 6000F: +(39) 051 643 6201E: info@hq.maccaferri.com

www.maccaferri.com

Maccaferri operates under strict quality assurance and management procedures. Please visit the website of your local subsidiary for details of their Certifications.

Officine Maccaferri is at the heart of the Maccaferri Industrial Group. Its continued growth is based upon long-held values of innovation, integrity, excellent service and respect for the environment.Maccaferri ’s vision is to become a leading international provider of advanced solutions to the civi l engineering and construction market. Implementing a strategy of vertical integration, Maccaferri researches, manufactures, designs, supplies and constructs solutions within its target markets.The capabil i ty of the business continues to expand due to a strategic plan to open new markets and grow existing ones; Maccaferri now offers advanced engineered solutions from beach nourishment to reinforced soil structures and from rockfall mitigation to tunnell ing systems.With nearly 3000 employees, over 30 manufacturing facil i t ies and local operations in 100 countries around the world, Maccaferri can truly claim to have a global presence with local focus.

Maccaferri: Engineering a Better Solution

Maccaferri ’s motto is ‘Engineering a Better Solution’; We do not merely supply products, but work in partnership with our cl ients, offering technical expertise to deliver versati le, cost effective and environmentally sound solutions. We aim to build mutually beneficial relationships with cl ients through the quality of our service and solutions.

Founded in 1879, Officine Maccaferri soon became a technical reference in the design and development of solutions for erosion control and retaining structures. Since then, through technological innovation, geographical expansion and focussed diversif ication, Maccaferri now offers solutions at a global level for a wide range of civi l and environmental engineering applications.

Maccaferri reserves the right to amend product specifications without notice and specifiers are requested to check as to the validity of the specifications they are using.

Officine MaccaferriGroup Profile

Consultancy and Partnership

Organisational Structure

Maccaferri AsiaRegional HQ, Unit 3A-11, Block G, Phileo Damansara 1No.9 Jalan 16/11, Off Jalan Damansara, 46350 Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, MalaysiaT: +(60-3) 7957 8330F: +(60-3) 7957 9080E: info@asia.maccaferri.com

www.maccaferri.com/asia