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020 77988686 [email protected] DOLPHIN SQUARE, PIMLICO SW1V 3LX
OUR DEDICATION & LOYALTY IS WITH YOU. GET IN TOUCH TODAY!
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THE VICTORIA STATION AND PIMLICO RAILWAYwas an early British railway company which was incorporated byAct of Parliament 23rd July 1858. to build a railway line connectingthe existing London Brighton and South Coast Railway(LB&SCR) terminus in Battersea to a new terminal at LondonVictoria station. This involved constructing the Grosvenor Bridgeover the river Thames. The company later leased its lines andstations to the LB&SCR and the London Chatham and DoverRailway (LC&DR) but continued in existence until December1922 when it was briefly amalgamated with the South EasternRailway, UK as a result of the Railways Act 1921, which createdthe Big Four (British railway companies) on 1st January 1923.
The railway was originally created to provide a West End ofLondon terminus for the LB&SCR and three British railwayswhich already had access to, or were planning to use the misnamed ‘Pimlico’ station of the LB&SCR, (which was actuallysited in Battersea). These were the Great Western Railway(GWR), the London and North Western Railway (L&NWR), andthe East Kent Railway, which would soon afterwards become theLondon Chatham and Dover Railway (LC&DR). The new company had an authorised capital of £1 million 45% of whichwas subscribed by LB&SCR. It was empowered to make agreements with the LC&DR and GWR, for these two companies to pay an agreed rent in perpetuity. The BrightonCompany was to have custody and regulation of the line
A further bill of 1859 enabled the widening of the proposed linesand for the L&NWR and GWR to subscribe £100,000 each,towards the cost of construction.
The line was completed and the LB&SCR side of Victoria stationopened in the basin of the Grosvenor Canal on 1st October1860 and leased to the LB&SCR which company had also promoted a bill enabling it to amalgamate with the VS&PR.However, this was opposed by the GWR and LC&DR and rejected by Parliament. An agreement was made to widen thelines and bridges to separate the two main users, which wascompleted in 1862/3. The LC&DR and GWR station at Victoria(which also provided running powers for the L&NWR) wasopened 25th August 1862
Pimlico & Belgravia Eye February 2019 2
C H R I S T M A S 2 0 1 7C H R I S T M A S 2 0 1 7C H R I S T M A S 2 0 1 7C H R I S T M A S 2 0 1 7
ESTATE & LETTINGS AGENTSMYLONDONHOME
WWW.MYLONDONHOME.COM 020 7222 2500 - [email protected]
FREE PROPERTY STYLING SESSION WITH OUR INTERIOR DESIGNER*USUALLY £60 PLUS VAT PER HOUR
Whether you are looking to sell or let your property, our interior design service will add plenty of value,increasing your property’s value making for a quicker sale or let.
020 7222 2500www.MyLondonHome.com
MULTI AWARD-WINNING LONDON ESTATE & LETTINGS AGENTSOUR SERVICES• Sales• Lettings• Property Management• New Homes• Inventory• Cleaning• Maintenance• Interior Design
OUR OFFICES• Westminster• Canary Wharf• Hong Kong
*On every instruction received before January 31st 2016
At Handelsbanken, we provide a personal mortgage service, with a dedicated account manager and the power to make clear and timely decisions within the branch. We take the time to understand your needs, to help find a solution that is right for you, whether buying a new home or remortgaging.
Pretima Champaneri-Phillips - Individual Banking ManagerTel: 0207 838 9006, Email: [email protected], Mobile: 07483 016384
Please note that our lending facilities are only available to persons aged 18 or over and are subject to status. Written quotations and Terms & Conditions are available on request
Handelsbanken is the trading name of Svenska Handelsbanken AB (publ). Registered Office: Svenska Handelsbanken AB (publ), 3 Thomas More Square, London, E1W 1WY. Registered in England and Wales No, BR 000589. Incorporated in Sweden with limited liability. Registered in Sweden No, 502007-7862. Head Office in Stockholm. Authorised by the Swedish Financial Supervisory Authority (Finansinspektionen) and the Prudential Regulation Authority and subject to limited regulation by the Financial Conduct Authority and Prudential Regulation Authority. Details about the extent of our authorisation and regulation by the Prudential
Regulation Authority, and regulation by the Financial Conduct Authority are available from us on request.
Your home may be repossessed if you do not keep up repayments on your mortgage.
1st Floor14-15 Belgrave SquareLondon, SW1X 8PSTel: 0207 838 9000handelsbanken.co.uk/belgravia
We build our mortgages around you
SPECIAL OFFER – 50% OFF!Shepherd’s of Westminster would like to offer all of our neighbours in
Westminster, Victoria, Belgravia, Millbank and Pimlico a very special deal.
This offer is made in conjunction with our long-term partners the Pimlico and Belgravia Eye.
By quoting the reader offer code P B E 0 3you will be be able to eat for half price at Shepherd’s, Monday to Friday, lunch or dinner.
We look forward to welcoming you soon!
Open for lunch and dinner Monday to Friday, and available on weekends for private hire.www.shepherdsrestaurant.co.uk – [email protected] – 020 7834 9552
Marsham Court, Marsham Steet, London, SW1P 4LA @shepherdslondon facebook.com/shepherdsrestaurant instagram.com/shepherdschefs/
Conditions: Applies to food only. Reader offer must be quoted at time of booking. Applies to bookings of no more than six peopleCannot be used in conjunction with set menus or any other offers. Offer ends 28th April 2017 – does not apply to Mothering Sunday.
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* Increase profitable footfall
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* Gain a competitive advantageTel 020 7351 4831www.eyepublications.co.uk
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Sales: +44 (0)20 7881 1320 • Lettings: +44 (0)20 7881 1325
Email: [email protected] Fax: +44 (0)20 7881 1367
63 Lupus Street, Pimlico SW1V 3EY
andrewreeves.co.uk Established 1982
Our new Lupus Street office is now open for business. We are expecting a busy summer and autumn season, as pent-up demand for
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LETTING ONLY FEE: 7.5% + VAT
ORETONSMLONDON
“ Moretons acted for us in the sale of our Westminster apartment and we were delighted with the service we received. The staff were always courteous, knowledgeable, responsive and guided us gently through the sale in a highly professional manner. We have no hesitation in recommending Moretons.
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Moretons are leading residential property experts specialising in SW1. We provide meticulous Sales, Lettings and Lettings Management services.
Our staff are fully trained to the highest industry standards and on hand to advise and provide you with support when you need it.
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MONTHLY SINCE 1989MONTHLY SINCE 1989
WHO WE ARE:- ZONAL PRINTING
PIMLICO & BELGRAVIA EYE
PUBLISHER: DAVID M. MEHRA
EMAIL: [email protected]: PAT TUNSTALL
ADVERTISING MANAGER: PHILIPPA [email protected]
CLASSIFIED ADVERTISING: RICHARD [email protected]
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DIGITAL CONTENT EDITOR: SAMPRODUCTION MANAGER: MIKE LERMER
DISTRIBUTION: ZONAL EXPRESS
TEL: 020 7351 [email protected]: www.eyepublications.co.uk
GROSVENOR BRIDGEoriginally known as, and alternatively called Victoria RailwayBridge. The original bridge was constructed in the mid-nineteenthcentury in two stages: the first bridge was built by the VictoriaStation and Pimlico Railway between 1859 and 1860 at a cost of£84,000 to carry two tracks into Victoria Station; it was the firstrailway bridge across the Thames in central London. The engineerwas Sir John Fowler. The bridge was widened by four tracks on the eastern side for theLondon, Brighton and South Coast Railway and London, Chatham
and Dover Railway between 1865 and 1866, at a cost of£245,000. Sir Charles Fox was the engineer. In 1907 the bridge
was widened again with a further track, on the western side, forthe London, Brighton and South Coast Railway.
In 1963–67, the structure of the bridge was completely renewedand modernized, leaving only the cores of the original piers. At thesame time, a tenth track was added in a space formerly used forgas mains. To minimize disruption to traffic, each track wasrenewed separately, and put back into service before the next onewas closed. The designer for this work was Freeman Fox &Partners, and the project engineer was A. H. Cantrell, chief civilengineer of the Southern Region of British Rail. It was said to bethe busiest railway bridge in the world with 1000 trains crossingper day in 1968.
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EDUARDO PAOLOZZIventilation shaft cover is listed at Grade II for * Artistic interest: a cast metal sculpture of high artistic and aesthetic quality, high tech in spirit with exposed and celebratedmechanical features and an anthropomorphic robotic quality. Itslocation in its original setting contributes to its significance, but theartistic interest of the sculpture is not dependent on its locale; * * ** Historic Interest: as a piece commissioned by a commercialdeveloper from the internationally renowned artist EduardoPaolozzi, and representative of a recurrent theme in his oeuvre.
The period after 1945 saw a shift from commemorative sculptureand architectural enrichment to the idea of public sculpture as aprimarily aesthetic contribution to the public realm. Sculpture wascommissioned for new housing, schools, universities and civic setpieces, with the counties of Hertfordshire, London andLeicestershire leading the way in public patronage. Thus public
sculpture could bean emblem of civicrenewal and socialprogress. By thelate C20 however,patronage wasmore diverse andincluded corporatecommissions andArts Council-fundedcommunity art. Theideology of enhancing the public realmthrough art continued, but with divergent meansand motivation.
The ventilation shaftcover was commis-sioned fromPaolozzi by theCrown EstateCommissionersthrough Whitfield
Partners who, between 1976 and 1983, designed and constructedtwo commercial blocks to either side of the piece. The sculpturewas designed and produced between 1978-82, and cast by theRobert Taylor Foundry in Larbert, Scotland. The sculpture screensa ventilation shaft for an underground car park, and has no functional relationship with London Underground.
Pimlico & Belgravia Eye February 2019 4
Sir Eduardo Paolozzi (1924-2005) was one of the foremost artistsworking in Britain during the second half of the C20. Born inEdinburgh to Italian parents, Paolozzi attended Edinburgh Collegeof Art in 1943 with the intention of becoming a commercial artist. In1944 he attended St Martin’s School of Art, London before goingon to study sculpture at the Slade School of Fine Art, London from1945-57. In the late 1940s he produced sculptures and collagesinspired by Surrealism and spent time in Paris. From 1949-55Paolozzi taught at the Central School of Art and Design in Londonand collaborated on a section of the ‘This is Tomorrow ’ exhibitionat the Whitechapel Art Gallery in 1956. His work during the 1950sfocussed on the brutalised human form and introduced impres-sions inspired by machinery and other moving parts, a theme hewould develop in the 1960s by collaborating with industrial engi-neering firms and experimenting with aluminium. He worked in awide range of media, including collage and print, and was also afilm maker.
Paolozzi was awarded a CBE in 1968 and became a RoyalAcademician in 1979. In 1981 Paolozzi was appointed Professorof Sculpture at the Akademie der Bildenden Künste, Munich.Among later appointments were those of Professor of Ceramics atthe Royal College of Art, London and Visiting Professor atEdinburgh School of Art. In 1986, Paolozzi was promoted to theoffice of Her Majesty’s Sculptor in Ordinary for Scotland in 1986,which he held until his death in April 2005. Paolozzi was awardeda KBE and knighted by Queen Elizabeth II in 1988. In the lastdecades of his life he undertook a number of public commissionsin Britain, Germany and Japan; the most well known being'Newton After Blake ' outside the British Library, and the mosaics atTottenham Court Road underground station, and the Rhiengartenproject in Cologne.
The square sculpture, measuring approximately 12m high, theventilation shaft cover comprises cast panels on four sides to aheight of approximately 4m. Each panel has irregularly arrangedcast images of mechanical parts from machinery, aircraft, mechanical diggers, insects, fish, clocks and geometric shapes ina variety of sizes. On the lower panel of the south side is the castscript ‘E.PAOLOZZI/LONDON 1982’. Stacked above the panelsare two tanks separated by latticed panels; the rivets are exposed.Each tank has louvred panels to the west and east sides and solidpanels to the north and south. From the base of the lowest tank,stainless steel pipes on a frame project at each corner to the topof the grilles. Other pipes of varying diameters are attached to thesouth and north faces of the lower tank.
Materials used are cast steel panels and stainless steel on a thincast steel plinth.
The sculpture is located in a public open space between nos. 1and 2 Bessborough Street.
5 Pimlico & Belgravia Eye February 2019www.eyepublications.co.uk
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MATTHEW ARNOLDwas born on 24th December 1822. He was tutored by his uncle,Rev. John Buckland in Laleham. In 1836, Arnold was sent toWinchester College, but in 1837 he returned to Rugby Schoolwhere he was enrolled in the fifth form. He moved to the sixthform in 1838 and came under the tutelage of his father. He wonschool prizes for English essay writing, and Latin and Englishpoetry.
In 1841, he won an open scholarship to Balliol College, Oxfordwhere he made friends with Arthur Hugh Clough. His father diedof heart disease in 1842. Arnold's poem Cromwell won the 1843Newdigate prize. He graduated in the following year with a 2ndclass honours degree in Literae Humaniores (colloquially Greats).
In 1845, after a short interludeof teaching at Rugby, he
was elected Fellow ofOriel College, Oxford.
In 1847, he becamePrivate Secretary toLord Lansdowne,Lord President ofthe Council. In
1849, he publishedhis first book of poet-
ry, The Strayed Reveller.
Unable to support a family on thewages of a private secretary, he sought the position of, and wasappointed, in 1851, one of Her Majesty's Inspector of Schools.Two months later, he married Frances Lucy, daughter of SirWilliam Wightman. The Arnolds had six children.
His work required him to travel constantly and across much ofEngland. Initially he inspected Nonconformist schools across abroad swath of central England, spending hours listening to children reciting their lessons and parents reciting their grievances.
In 1852, Arnold published his second volume of poems,Empedocles on Etna, and Other Poems. In 1853, he publishedPoems: A New Edition, a selection from the two earlier volumesfamously excluding Empedocles on Etna, but adding new poems,Sohrab and Rustum and The Scholar Gipsy. In 1854, Poems:Second Series appeared; also a selection, it included the newpoem, Balder Dead.
Arnold was elected Professor of Poetry at Oxford in 1857, anddelivered his lectures in English rather than in Latin. He was re-elected in 1862. In 1859, he conducted the first of three tripsto the continent at the behest of parliament to study Europeaneducational practices. He self-published The Popular Educationof France (1861), the introduction to which was later publishedunder the title Democracy (1879).
In 1865, Arnold published Essays in Criticism: First Series.Essays in Criticism: Second Series would not appear untilNovember 1888, shortly after his untimely death. In 1866, hepublished Thyrsis, his elegy to Clough who had died in 1861.Culture and Anarchy, Arnold's major work in social criticism waspublished in 1869. Literature and Dogma, Arnold's major work inreligious criticism appeared in 1873. In 1883 and 1884, Arnoldtoured the United States and Canada delivering lectures on education, democracy and Ralph Waldo Emerson. He was electeda Foreign Honorary Member of the American Academy of Artsand Sciences in 1883.
In 1886, he retired from school inspection and made another tripto America. Arnold died suddenly on 15th April 1888 of heart failure, when running to meet a tram that would have taken himto the Liverpool Landing Stage to see his daughter, who was visiting from the United States where she had moved after marrying an American.
In 1887, Arnold was credited with coining the phrase "NewJournalism ", a termthat went on todefine an entiregenre of newspaperhistory, particularlyLord Northcliffe'sturn-of-the-centurypress empire.However, at the time,the target of Arnold'sirritation was notNorthcliffe, but thesensational journalism of PallMall Gazette editor,W.T. Stead. Arnoldhad enjoyed a longand mutually beneficial association with the Pall Mall Gazettesince its inception in 1865. As an occasional contributor, he hadformed a particular friendship with its first editor, FrederickGreenwood and a close acquaintance with its second, JohnMorley. But he strongly disapproved of the muck-raking Stead,and declared that, under Stead, "the P.M.G., whatever may be itsmerits, is fast ceasing to be literature."
Matthew Arnold Blue Plaque can be seen at 2 Chester Square,Belgravia, SW1
Pimlico & Belgravia Eye February 2019 6 www.eyepublications.co.uk
Call 0207 498 3366Visit lockandleave.co.uk for more information120-170 Stewarts Rd, London SW8 4UB
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Handelsbanken is the trading name of Svenska Handelsbanken AB (publ). Registered Office: Svenska Handelsbanken AB (publ), 3 Thomas More Square, London, E1W 1WY. Registered in England and Wales No, BR 000589. Incorporated in Sweden with limited liability. Registered in Sweden No, 502007-7862. Head Office in Stockholm. Authorised by the Swedish Financial Supervisory Authority (Finansinspektionen) and the Prudential Regulation Authority and subject to limited regulation by the Financial Conduct Authority and Prudential Regulation Authority. Details about the extent of our authorisation and regulation by the Prudential
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SPECIAL OFFER – 50% OFF!Shepherd’s of Westminster would like to offer all of our neighbours in
Westminster, Victoria, Belgravia, Millbank and Pimlico a very special deal.
This offer is made in conjunction with our long-term partners the Pimlico and Belgravia Eye.
By quoting the reader offer code P B E 0 3you will be be able to eat for half price at Shepherd’s, Monday to Friday, lunch or dinner.
We look forward to welcoming you soon!
Open for lunch and dinner Monday to Friday, and available on weekends for private hire.www.shepherdsrestaurant.co.uk – [email protected] – 020 7834 9552
Marsham Court, Marsham Steet, London, SW1P 4LA @shepherdslondon facebook.com/shepherdsrestaurant instagram.com/shepherdschefs/
Conditions: Applies to food only. Reader offer must be quoted at time of booking. Applies to bookings of no more than six peopleCannot be used in conjunction with set menus or any other offers. Offer ends 28th April 2017 – does not apply to Mothering Sunday.
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EATON SQUARE CONCERTS LAUNCHES SPRINGSEASON 2019From its home in the heart of London, Eaton Square Concertsannounces its spring 2019 season. Presenting two of the city’s topamateur chamber choirs, the Holst Singers and Londinium, theprizewinning Kirkman Quartet from the Royal Academy of Music,“unforgettable” violinist Fenella Humphreys, and a 70th birthdaycelebration for the London Mozart Chamber Players and their Artistin Association Michael Collins, Eaton Square Concerts demonstrates why London is considered to be one of the international musical centres.
In spring 2019 Eaton Square Concerts includes two such choirs inthe line-up, opening with the Holst Singers directed by StephenLayton. Returning to the concert series after their 2018 debut, theHolst Singers perform a programme entitled ‘Reformation andRevolution’ contrasting English music from the 16th century withcontemporary Baltic repertoire. Under the baton of AndrewGriffiths, Londinium present ‘Masses of Masses’: settings fromRodney Bennett, Rheinberger, Albright and Vaughan Williams.
Each year Eaton Square Concerts awards the St Peter’s Prize tothe quartet at the city’s prestigious Royal Academy of Music whichshows the most promise; many previous winners have gone ontointernational careers. This year’s winner the Kirkman Quartet willperform a varied programme of Mozart, Bridge, Stravinsky andMendelssohn.
Described as “unforgettable”, winner of BBC Music Magazine’s2018 Instrumental Award Fenella Humphreys highlights sixSonatinas for Violin and Piano from her eagerly awaited new disc‘So Many Stars’ in her concert with pianist Nicola Eimer.
The final concert celebrates the 70th birthday of London MozartPlayers. To mark the occasion the orchestra has appointedrenowned Mozart interpreter, clarinettist Michael Collins, as ‘Artistin Association’, and will round off the season with a performance ofMozart’s much-loved Clarinet Quintet.
Tickets for the spring 2019 season are now on sale and include acomplimentary glass of wine courtesy of Jeroboams.All concerts take place on Thursdays and start at 19:30 pmHolst Singers & Stephen Layton 21st March‘Reformation and Revolution’Londinium & Andrew Griffiths 4th April‘Masses of Masses’Kirkman Quartet 11th AprilMozart, Bridge, Stravinsky, MendelssohnFenella Humphreys & Nicola Eimer 25th AprilFrancaix, Schubert, Sibelius, Gershwin, Francis-Hoad, RavelMichael Collins & London Mozart Chamber Players 2nd MayMozart, Weber
St Peter’s Church, 119 Eaton Square, London, SW1W 9AL
Pimlico & Belgravia Eye February 2019 9
TUFTON STREETdisplays a Green Plaque at No 54 dedicated to the poet and writerSiegfried Sassoon who once lived at this address. Sassoon served atthe Front during the First World War and his poems of this period arefull of compassion for his fellow soldiers and what he perceived asthe futility of the slaughter around him. Next of interest is part of MarySumner House dating from 1925 with its entrance in Great PeterStreet. This is the headquarters of the Mothers’ Union founded byMary Sumner in the 1880s to offer fellowship to those women wish-ing to deepen their spiritual lives.
There is a Blue Plaque, on Tufton Court, commemorating the factthat the pioneer of the idea of family allowances, Eleanor Rathbone,once lived here. Further on, numbers 57and 57a are twin housesdesigned by E E Williamsand dating from 1926.On the façade of 57ais a Blue Plaquededicated to SirMichael Balconwho lived here from1925 until 1939. SirMichael was arenowned British filmmaker who foundedGainsbrough Pictures, inthe late 1920s, and who wasHead of Production at Ealing Studios in its heyday when its comediessuch as “Passport to Pimlico”, “Whisky Galore”, “Kind Hearts andCoronets” and “The Ladykillers” enjoyed huge success. He is thematernal grandfather of the Oscar-winning actor Daniel Day-Lewis.On 2nd July, 1944 part of Tufton Street was damaged by a V2 Flying Bomb.
LORD NORTH STREETdates from 1725, the street was simply known as “North Street” untila decision was taken, in 1936, to rename it Lord North Street in orderto distinguish it from other “North Streets” in London. Its proximity tothe Palace of Westminster makes Lord North Street a popular homefor many politicians and the houses along the street where they liveare almost entirely from the early Georgian era. Sir Anthony Eden,PM 1955-1957 lived at No 2 in 1924 and Harold Wilson, PM 1964-1970 and 1974-1976 lived at No 5 between 1970 and 1976.A Green Plaque dedicated to a one-time resident, W T Stead a verysuccessful newspaper editor who edited the influential “Pall MallGazette” during the later 19th century and led its crusades againstprostitution, white slavery and what it perceived as London’s moralsqualor. On 15th April, 1912 he drowned when the “Titanic” sank.
A faded “S” signs on the walls of Nos 8, 10 dates from the SecondWorld War indicating where people could take shelter in undergroundvaults during air raids. Sir John Anderson, after whom a very well-know type of domestic air raid shelter was named, lived at No 4 LordNorth Street during the Second World War.
BRITAIN’S PLACE IN THE WORLDHaving spent most of December in the Far East, I am writingthis from the Gulf. I am doing so after the comprehensive votingdown of Theresa May’s Brexit plans, and after her victory in thesubsequent confidence vote, but before she returns to parliament with her proposals for breaking the Brexit deadlock.
Outside of the USA and Europe, few doubt that this will beChina’s century. The nation that has been the world’s biggesteconomy for most of recorded history seems poised to resumethat role. Of course Americans will resist this with all of their
might and all of theboundless enthusiasmand gift for innovation.And of course India, theworld’s largest democracy and a country in the processof a historic regeneration, will notallow China’s ambitionsto go unchallenged. Butmost countries in theregion seem resigned toChina’s long-term dominance, whilst sheltering for now underthe mighty American
shield and the thin but sturdy umbrella of ASEAN.
In the Gulf region the political class is very well aware of the twinchallenges that they face. Iran has already destabilized much ofthe middle east, and has now sucked Saudi Arabia and its UAEallies in to a bloody conflict in Yemen, as well as a fierce diplomatic row with Qatar. Meantime the oil price is stuck in thedoldrums, and may never again hit the peaks of the last century.The world is awash with oil and gas, and wind and solar energyare inexorably gaining ground. The Gulf Co-operation Council isbeing tested, but remains robust.
So as these two regions play close attention to their own concerns, what is their view of the UK? Of course for manycountries we are the former colonial power, and that engenderssome understandable residual resentment. But for most we arestill a global player, re-establishing military bases in Oman andBahrain, and with two giant aircraft carriers poised to projectpower. They admire our language, our universities, our expertisein business and our reliable legal institutions. They also admireour diplomacy, our special forces, and our intelligence agencies.They see us as Great Britain. They have faith in us, and cannotunderstand why some do not have faith in ourselves.
Lionel Zetter is an author and political consultant and proprietorof Shepherd’s restaurant. [email protected]
Pimlico & Belgravia Eye February 2019 10
TATE BRITAIN - MILLBANKwas known from 1897 to 1932 as the National Gallery of BritishArt and from 1932 to 2000 as the Tate Gallery. It was opened in1897 and houses a substantial collection of the art of the UKsince Tudor times, and in particular has large holdings of theworks of J. M. W. Turner, who bequeathed all his own collection tothe nation. It is one of the largest museums in the country.
The gallery is situated on the site of the former Millbank Prison.Construction commenced in 1893, and the gallery opened on 21stJuly 1897. However, it is commonly known as the Tate Gallery,after its founder Sir Henry Tate. Before 2000, the gallery housedand displayed both British and modern collections, but the launchof Tate Modern saw Tate's modern collections move there, whilethe old Millbank gallery became dedicated to the display of historicaland contemporary British art. As a consequence, it was renamedTate Britain in March 2000.
The front part of the building was designed by Sidney R. J. Smithwith a classical portico and dome behind, and the central sculpture gallery was designed by John Russell Pope. Tate Britainincludes the Clore Gallery of 1987, designed by James Stirling,which houses work by J. M. W. Turner. The Clore Gallery hasbeen regarded as an important example of Postmodern architecture, especially in the use of contextual irony: each sectionof the external facade quotes liberally from the building next to itin regard to materials and detailing.
Crises during its existence include flood damage to work from theRiver Thames, and bomb damage during World War II. However,most of the collection was in safe storage elsewhere during thewar, and a large Stanley Spencer painting, deemed too big tomove, had a protective brick wall built in front of it.
In 2012, Tate Britain announced that it had raised the £45 millionrequired to complete a major renovation, largely thanks to a £4.9million grant from the Heritage Lottery Fund and £1 million givenby Tate Members. Completed in 2013, the newly designed sections were conceived by the architects Caruso St John andincluded a total of nine new galleries, with reinforced flooring toaccommodate heavy sculptures. A second part was unveiled laterthat year, the centrepiece being the reopening of the building'sThames-facing entrance as well as a new spiral staircase beneathits rotunda. The circular balcony of the rotunda's domed atrium,closed to visitors since the 1920s, was reopened. The gallery alsonow has a dedicated schools' entrance and reception beneath itsentrance steps on Millbank and a new archive gallery for the presentation of temporary displays.
Tate Britain and Tate Modern are connected by a high speed boatalong the River Thames, which runs from Millbank Millennium Pierimmediately outside Tate Britain.
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R E S T A U R A N T | B A R | E V E N T S
W W W. S H E P H E R D S R E S TA U R A N T. C O . U K
@shepherdslondon
R E S E R V AT I O N S : 020 7834 9552 [email protected]
facebook.com/shepherdsrestaurant instagram.com/shepherdschefs/
Marsham Court, Marsham Street, London, SW1P 4LA
We would l ike to offer our neighbours two very special deals.
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restaurant can be booked for pr ivate events including weekends.
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ROBERT BOOTHBY, BARON BOOTHBYwas educated at St Aubyns School, Eton College, and MagdalenCollege, Oxford. He trained as an officer and was commissionedinto the Brigade of Guards. Boothby read History at Oxford butattended a few lectures and did some general reading. Heachieved a pass without distinction in 1921. After Oxford hebecame a partner in a firm of stockbrokers.
He was an unsuccessful parliamentary candidate for Orkney andShetland in 1923 and was elected as MP for Aberdeen andKincardine East in 1924. He held the seat until its abolition in 1950,
when he was elected for its successor constituency of EastAberdeenshire. He gave up the seat in 1958 when he was raisedto the peerage, triggering a by-election.
He was Parliamentary Private Secretary to Chancellor of theExchequer Winston Churchill and helped launch the Popular Frontin December 1936. He held junior ministerial office asParliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Food in 1940–41. Hewas forced to resign his post and go to the back benches for notdeclaring an interest when asking a parliamentary question. Duringthe Second World War he joined the Royal Air Force VolunteerReserve and served as a junior staff officer with BomberCommand, and later as a liaison officer with the Free FrenchForces, retiring with the rank of Flight Lieutenant. In 1950 hereceived the Legion of Honour for his latter services.
Boothby opposed free trade in food stuffs, and claimed that such apolicy would invalidate the Agriculture Act 1947 and ruin Britishfarmers.
Boothby was a British delegate to the Consultative Assembly of theCouncil of Europe from 1949 until 1957 and advocated the UnitedKingdom's entry into the European Economic Community, whichlater evolved into the European Union.
Pimlico & Belgravia Eye February 2019 12
He was Vice-Chairman of the Committee on Economic Affairs,1952–56; Honorary President of the Scottish Chamber ofAgriculture, 1934, Rector of the University of St Andrews, 1958–61;Chairman of the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra, 1961–63, andPresident, Anglo-Israel Association, 1962–75. He was awarded anHonorary LLD by St Andrews, 1959 and was made an HonoraryBurgess of the Burghs of Peterhead, Fraserburgh, Turriff andRosehearty. He was appointed an Officer of the Legion of Honourin 1950, a KBE in 1953.
Boothby was raised to the peerage as a life peer with the titleBaron Boothby, of Buchan and Rattray Head in the County ofAberdeen, on 18 August 1958. During the 1950s Boothby was aprominent advocate of decriminalizing homosexual acts between men.
Boothby was married twice: in 1935 to Diana Cavendish and in1967 to Wanda Sanna, a Sardinian woman. His second cousin, SirLudovic Kennedy, asserted that Boothby fathered at least threechildren by the wives of other men.
From 1930 he had an affair with Lady Dorothy Macmillan, wife ofthe politician Harold Macmillan. He was rumoured to be father ofthe youngest Macmillan daughter, Sarah, although HaroldMacmillan's most recent biographer D. R. Thorpe discountsBoothby's paternity.
In 1963 Boothby began having an affair with Leslie Holt. Holt introduced him to the gangster Ronald Kray who (allegedly) supplied Boothby with young men and arranged orgies. WhenBoothby's underworld associations came to the attention of theSunday Express, the Conservative-supporting paper opted not to
publish the story.
Boothby denied thestory and threat-
ened to sue theMirror. Neitherof the majorpolitical parties had aninterest in
publicity, andthe paper's
owner Cecil Kingcame under pressure
to drop the matter. TheMirror sacked its editor, apologised,
and paid Boothby £40,000 in an out-of-court settlement. It hasbeen claimed that journalists who investigated Boothby were subjected to legal threats and break-ins.
There is a blue plaque on his house in Eaton Square, Belgravia.
5 Pimlico & Belgravia Eye January 2019www.eyepublications.co.uk
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ROYAL AQUARIUMwas to utilise the vacant space on the north side of Tothill Streetby erecting a vast building for public instruction and entertainmentwas due to the fertile brain of Mr. Wybrow Robertson, and anassociation being formed to carry out the project, Mr. BrucePhillips being the Secretary, the public took kindly to the idea,and with Mr. A. Bedborough as architect, and Messrs. Lucas ascontractors, no time was lost in erecting the Aquarium, the wholeperiod occupied being only eleven months.
The principal entrances were on the Tothill Street side, and thefirst grand effect upon the mind of the visitor was made by thegreat hall, which was 340 feet in length by 160 feet wide. The hallwas surrounded by palms and exotic trees and shrubs, the wholehaving the general aspect of a vast conservatory filled with splendid sculpture.On the opposite side of the entrance was the grand orchestra,capable of accommodating 400 performers, with a large organ.
Around the hall were the tanks for the reception of the marineand fresh water creatures. To supply the 13 tanks lie hid underthe floor of the promenade 9 great reservoirs - 7 for salt and 2 forfresh water. These were built of brickwork on a four-feet bed ofconcrete, and held 700,000 gallons of water. The supply pipesand valves were made of vulcanite, to preserve the salt waterfrom the chemical action which would arise from its contact with iron.
Towards the north-west corner of the building was a large readingroom with English and foreign newspapers, magazines, and othercurrent literature. It is also proposed to collect a complete libraryof books of reference, to provide convenience for letter writingand materials for the delectation of chess players. There was atelegraph office and a division bell in direct communication withthat in the House of Commons, as it is deemed possible that theRoyal Aquarium was to be largely patronised by both Houses ofParliament.The Aquarium’s programme of art exhibits and classical musicwere indifferently received by the public, and the venture was failing. Instead of scientific lectures and the high-minded
Pimlico & Belgravia Eye February 2019 14
entertainments intended for the hall by its founders, the directorsturned to more profitable music hall and variety acts (animal acts,African dancers, hypnotists, etc.) The Aquarium became mostfamous for offering dangerous and sensational circus and otheracts. The perceived danger of these acts caused protests and putthe venue's licence in doubt but drew crowds.
The all-day variety entertainments turned less respectable, including billiards matches, novelty acts and side-shows of allkinds, and commercial stalls offering perfumery and gloves.Located across the street from the Houses of Parliament, theAquarium was popular with members of the House of Commons.
THE IMPERIAL THEATRE,The Imperial Theatre originally opened as the Aquarium Theatre onthe 15th April 1876. It was situated on Tothill Street at the west endof the Royal Aquarium. The Theatre was designed by AlfredBedborough and was built by Messrs Lucas with a capacity of1,293, with the Stalls holding 244, the Pit 133, the Balcony 202, theUpper Circle 163, and the Gallery holding 214.
Walter Emden carried out extensive alterations to the Theatre in1898 but it was later reconstructed in 1901 by Frank T. Verity with anew capacity of 1,150. The stage at this time was 62' wide by 40' deep.
After the RoyalAquarium was demolished in 1902the Imperial Theatre,which still had 4years lease left torun, stood on itsown until, on the24th November1907, it finallyclosed and was alsodemolished. Thesite, along with theRoyal Aquarium site,then became hometo the newMethodist CentralHall in 1912.
Remarkably, theinterior of theImperial Theatre
was saved before the Theatre was demolished, and then re-erected as the Imperial Palace of Varieties in Canning Town,which was a rebuilding of the old Royal Albert Music Hall there,reopening in December 1909.
15 Pimlico & Belgravia Eye February 2019
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