Trusted to deliver excellence © 2015 Rolls-Royce plc The information in this document is the property of Rolls-Royce plc and may not be copied or communicated

Trusted to deliver excellence

© 2015 Rolls-Royce plcThe information in this document is the property of Rolls-Royce plc and may not be copied or communicated to a third party, or used for any purpose other than that for which it is supplied without the express written consent of Rolls-Royce plc. This information is given in good faith based upon the latest information available to Rolls-Royce plc, no warranty or representation is given concerning such information, which must not be taken as establishing any contractual or other commitment binding upon Rolls-Royce plc or any of its subsidiary or associated companies.

The Steps Before Unmanned Ships

Oskar Levander, VP Innovation, Rolls-Royce Marine

Copenhagen, 6.10.2015

Smart Operations

© 2015 Rolls-Royce plc Oskar Levander

Marine Trends


Information Technology

The dawn of the Ship Intelligence era


Ship Intelligence



Automation & Control

Positioning & Manoevering Systems

Integrated Bridge Systems

Integrated Automation & Control Systems



Unified Bridge



Unified Bridge

Common look and feel



oX – Operating Experience



oX – Augmented Reality



10oX – Situation Awerness



Connectivity


Data Logging Vessel Operational

Performance Data

Product condition specific data

(temp, pressures, etc.)

Product usage

specific data

Vessel Position Data

Environmental data

Fuel and efficiency

specific data

Selection of Control

Systems data

Vibration, Oil monitoring

(particles, moisture), speed,

load, steering angle

Other available data:

RCI data, safety records, Doc Library,

maintenance data, ERP/Baan/SAP

data, Design data from PLM, test

records, service reports


Energy Management

Customer web portalsOnboard ship performance monitoringShore-side support and optimisation services


Equipment and System Health Monitoring


Remote Support



Remote Opportunities


Making ship transport more efficient and safe!

Unmanned Remote Controlled Ships


Unmanned Trend in Society

It is not IF, but WHEN...Marine is only following todays trend!


Operation optimization

Health & safety management

Communications

Remote controlled systems

Remote control center

Situational awareness systems

Key Development Areas

Cyber Security


SOLAS

Ch. IV 12

COLREG

Pt. A-B

SUAArt.3-8

Load lines

Ax. 1

SOLAS

Ch.V Reg 11,

14, 22, 33, 44,

…

GMDDS,

Ship

Registration

Convention

STCW

Ch.III

ILO C179-180

UNCLOS

Art. 94,

ISM Code,

SALVAGE

Ch.2

ISPS

code

Examples of conflicts with present international rules and regulations

REISSUE2024?

International Regulatory Obstacles


Unmanned ships will most likely start with local applications!

Remotely operated local vessel

Reduced crew with remote support and operation of certain functions

Remote controlled unmanned coastal vessel

Autonomous unmanned ocean going ship

Remote controlled unmanned ocean going ship

Roadmap


• Ship Intelligence will provide the means to make ships more efficient and leaner

• Remote support and operation combined with increased level of automation will reduce the number of crew required

First Step Towards Remote Operations


Case Study - Market• Short routes in Northern Europe• Smaller ports with low to moderate

cargo volumes• Existing fleet is old and in need of

replacement • Old vessel design criteria is

outdated• SECA regulations are in force and

require expensive fuel or convertions

• Difficult to financially justify a new build vessel, particullarily small to medium sized



Case Study - LEAN RoRo• Fixed route• 1500 lane meters• Double stack containers on

cassettes and trailers• Small ship will enable traffic from

ports with limited cargo volumes• Very low cost needed to make

small ship feasible



Design Philosophy - LEANLow crew costs• Minimum bridge crew

- Only 1 active bridge crew member at all times- 3 crew on constant rotation- Automatic look-out

• No dedicated machinery crew- 1 multi purpose mechanic/deckhand- Expert remote support from shore centre

• No deck crew- Automatic mooring- Cargo lashing completed in port

• No ”hotel” crew onboard- Pre fabricated food prepared ashore- Washing and cleaning done in port

Low fuel cost • High efficiency• Smaller displacement (lightweight)• LNG• Modest operating speed


Design Philosophy - LEANLow building cost• Lean design• Number of systems minimised

• No steam system• No diesel fuel system• No water production – bunker water in port• No sewage – return sewage to port• HVAC in deckhouse with direct electricity

(no steam or cold water circuit)• Small deck house• One cargo deck, no internal roro ramps• No enclosed cargo deck – lower steel weight



LEAN RoRo Machinery

Installed propulsion power: 7.0 MWService speed: 16.5 kts (15% SM at 76% MCR)Max speed: 18 kts (15% SM at 94% MCR)

1 x 1000 kW

3277 kW

3277 kW

3 500 kW

130rpm

130rpm

PTI: 1 000 kWPTO: 1 000 kW

3 500 kW

PTI: 1 000 kW PTO: 1 000 kW

Hotel load 350 kW

2 x 8L Bergen B35:40 1 x MTU 8V4000 M24S

895 kW


BenchmarkingThe Lean RoRo is compared with two ships to determine the economic attractiveness of the concept

Reference vessel 1:• Todays market standard• Existing, second hand RoRo from 1990’s• Cargo capacity: 1500 lm

- Lower cargo hold- Main deck- Upper deck

• Designed for 20 knot, operating far below this design point

Reference vessel 2:• Conventional new build• Modern version of Reference vessel 1

optimised for todays market• Cargo capacity: 1500 lm

- Lower cargo hold- Main deck- Upper deck

• Speed 17 knot


Main Characteristics

Reference vessel 1Second hand 1990 design

Reference vessel 2Conventional New Build

Lean RoRo

LPP [m] 128 128 150

Breadth [m] 22.7 22.7 29

Draught [m] 6.7 6.7 5

Lane meters [m] 1500 (only partial double stack) 1500 (only partial double stack) 1500 (double stack)

Displacement [ton] 12 200 12 200 10 280

Service speed [kts] 20 17 16.5


Crew cost• Assumption: Northern European crew• Lean RoRo

- 3 bridge crew + 1 mechanic/deckhand = 4 total crew• Reference vessel:

- 12 multidisciplinary crew

Lean RoRo Reference vessel 1&20.0 M€

0.4 M€

0.8 M€

1.2 M€


Operating Costs

• Lower crew costs• Lower fairway and port fees – lower GT• Lower fuel cost:

- LNG vs MGO- Lower hotel load

• No cargo area ventilation• Smaller accommodation area• Fewer systems onboard

- Lower operating speed - faster loading and unloading

• All cargo on main deck – no internal ramps

• Wide stern ramps Lean RoRo Conventional newbuild RoRo

Second hand RoRo

0 M€

1 M€

2 M€

3 M€

4 M€

5 M€

6 M€

7 M€

Crew Maintenance Fuel

Assumptions: MGO $ 600 /tonLNG $ 11 /mmBTU = $ 511/tonEURO/USD 1.19

FOR GUIDANCE ONLY


Lean RoRo - CAPEX• Lower building cost

- Lower steel weight and volume- Less roro equipments – single deck- Smaller accommodation- Fewer systems onboard

• No cargo ventilation – open deck• No steam system (no HFO heating)• No water production (bunker in port)• No sewage treatment (return to port)

- Only three engines• Additional cost

- LNG storage system- Redundant machinery and remote

systemEURO/USD 1.19

Lean RoRo Conventional new build

RoRo

Second hand RoRo

0 M€

5 M€

10 M€

15 M€

20 M€

25 M€

30 M€ CAPEX

Second hand cost

Ship Systems

Machinery

Accommodation

Ship Outfitting

Superstructure

Hull Structures

RoRo Equipment

Tests and Trials

Design

50% value of newbuild

LNG tanks incl.

FOR GUIDANCE ONLY


Total Annual Costs

Lean RoRo Conventional newbuild RoRo

Second hand RoRo

0 M€ 1 M€ 2 M€ 3 M€ 4 M€ 5 M€ 6 M€ 7 M€ 8 M€ 9 M€

10 M€

OPEX

CAPEX

Annu

al c

osts

[M€]

Second hand value assuemd to be 50% of new build

FOR GUIDANCE ONLY

10 years and 7% interrest


Conclusions

We are at the dawn of the Ship Intelligence era

LEAN ship concepts with reduced number of crew can offer an attractive solution on short sea routes!

© 2015 Rolls-Royce plc Oskar Levander ““The best way to

predict the futureis to create

the future

Documents

Trusted to deliver excellence © 2015 Rolls-Royce plc The information in this document is the property of Rolls-Royce plc and may not be copied or communicated