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Want to know a bit about the Triffid Flax story? This was a presentation I gave at the Saskatchewan Institute of Agrologists meeting in 2010.
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~ Cami Ryan, B.Comm., Ph.D. ~Bioresource Policy, Business and Economics
Total Utilization of Flax Genomics (TUFGEN)
University of Saskatchewan
March 15, 2010
Matters of Flax:The ongoing 'Triffid' Story
2
Total Utilization of Flax GenomicsFunded by Genome Canada ($CDN12 Million)
Leads: G. Rowland (CDC, U of S), S. Coultier (AAFC)Enhance flax’s usefulness through rigorous
genomics researchAssist flax breeding and varietal improvement
3
Canada’s Flax Industry: an overview
Triffid’s Regulatory Timeline from Development to Deregistration (1988 – 2001)
Triffid: The Return 2009 to present Canada-EU Protocol Domestic Stewardship Program Testing / results Costs
Where are we at now? Exports to date Changes… Protocol / Stewardship Program
Outline
Uncle JacobGrandma’s kitchen table
Circa 1971
"That %($*%& flax straw is a %($*
%& pain in the @$$!"
5
Plant with novel traits (PNT)Developed in 1988 by Al McHughen (Crop
Development Centre / U of S)Value of Triffid was primarily environmental
Tolerance to soil residues of sulfonylurea-based herbicides
Cultivated the year after herbicide was used in fields
Alternative to continuous cropping of wheat/barley and to summer-fallowing
Triffid (FP 967)
6
Plant with novel traits (PNT)Developed in 1988 by Al McHughen (Crop
Development Centre / U of S)Value of Triffid was primarily environmental
Tolerance to soil residues of sulfonylurea-based herbicides
Cultivated the year after herbicide was used in fields
Alternative to continuous cropping of wheat/barley and to summer-fallowing
Triffid (FP 967)
7
Global Flax Production(000's MT)
Source: FAO Stats
Canada
India
US
China
8
Canadian Flax Production (000's MT)
Source: FAO Stats
9
Top Export Destinations for Canadian Flax (000’s MT)
Adapted from Canadian Flax in Europe: Grower Information Sheet (SaskFlax)
10
Domestic Production of Flax (000's MT)
Source: Flax Council of Canada
11
1988 – CDC Triffid created 1989 – start of field trials (to 1994)1994 – registration process begins1994 – marketing rights obtained by Value
Added Seeds1996 – approved for livestock feed use in
Canada1996/97 – EU importers raise concerns
over commercialization of Triffid
Triffid Timeline: from Development to Deregistration
12
13
Triffid Seed Production
Image source: Pandora’s Picnic Basket (McHughen) (2000)
141997
C. D. Ryan, University of SaskatchewanM. St. Louis, University of Saskatchewan
Data for maps provided by: Canadian Seed Growers Association
15
1997 (May) – stakeholders convene to discuss stewardship
1998 (Jan) – SK stakeholders convene to discuss production bans / deregistration
1998 – approved for food use in Canada1998 – approved for food and feed in US1998 – Triffid to be contained on farm / no
further production
Triffid Timeline: from Development to Deregistration
161998
C. D. Ryan, University of SaskatchewanM. St. Louis, University of Saskatchewan
Data for maps provided by: Canadian Seed Growers Association
171999
C. D. Ryan, University of SaskatchewanM. St. Louis, University of Saskatchewan
Data for maps provided by: Canadian Seed Growers Association
18
2000 – recall and crush organized2001 – CDC Triffid transported / crushed2001 – CDC Triffid Flax deregistered
Triffid Timeline: from Development to Deregistration
19
CDC Triffid Production (# acres)
20
21
22
23
enables the quick and effective exchange of information between Member States and the Commission
Information exchange WRT to food or feed
Facilitates rapid and coordinated action of Member States
What is the RASFF?
24
Searching the portal…
25
Searching the portal…
Notifying country
26
Belgium
Italy
Poland
Romania
Slovakia
UK
Cyprus
Sweden
Commision Services
Slovenia
Denmark
France
Greece
Luxembourg
Austria
Finland
Germany
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
FoodFeed
RASFF Notifications – notifying countrySeptember 2009 – February 2010 (n=100 )
27 September 10/09 – Western Producer
28 September 10/09 – Manitoba Farmer
29
30
31 September 17/09 – Western Producer
32 September 17/09 – Western Producer
33 September 17/09 – Western Producer
34
35 September 30/09 – StarPhoenix
36 October 29/09 – Globe & Mail
37
RASFF search results…
45 Countries17 Countries92% Food Products
38
RASFF Food Notification
RASFF Feed Notification
Country of Origin
n = 100 notifications
RASFF Notifications NetworkBy Country of Origin
Belgium
Canada
Netherlands
Germany
Austria
Poland
Israel
Denmark
Italy
China
TurkeySweden
RussFed
US
France
Swiss
UK
39
World Production of Flax 2000 - 2008
>5M Tonnes
1-5M Tonnes
100K-999K Tonnes
<100K Tonnes
40
World Production of Flax 2000 - 2008
>5M Tonnes
1-5M Tonnes
100K-999K Tonnes
<100K TonnesCountries of Origin of FP967(according to RASFF notifications)
41
World Production of Flax 2000 - 2008
>5M Tonnes
1-5M Tonnes
100K-999K Tonnes
<100K Tonnes
??
?
??
Other potential sources?(based upon imports into EU 2000 – 2008)
42
Flax Prices (January 2-December 15, 2009)
1/2/
2009
1/12
/200
9
1/22
/200
9
2/1/
2009
2/11
/200
9
2/21
/200
9
3/3/
2009
3/13
/200
9
3/23
/200
9
4/2/
2009
4/12
/200
9
4/22
/200
9
5/2/
2009
5/12
/200
9
5/22
/200
9
6/1/
2009
6/11
/200
9
6/21
/200
9
7/1/
2009
7/11
/200
9
7/21
/200
9
7/31
/200
9
8/10
/200
9
8/20
/200
9
8/30
/200
9
9/9/
2009
9/19
/200
9
9/29
/200
9
10/9
/200
9
10/1
9/20
09
10/2
9/20
09
11/8
/200
9
11/1
8/20
09
11/2
8/20
09
12/8
/200
90.00
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
10.00
12.00
14.00
Adapted from: SaskFlax
43
1/2/
2009
1/12
/200
9
1/22
/200
9
2/1/
2009
2/11
/200
9
2/21
/200
9
3/3/
2009
3/13
/200
9
3/23
/200
9
4/2/
2009
4/12
/200
9
4/22
/200
9
5/2/
2009
5/12
/200
9
5/22
/200
9
6/1/
2009
6/11
/200
9
6/21
/200
9
7/1/
2009
7/11
/200
9
7/21
/200
9
7/31
/200
9
8/10
/200
9
8/20
/200
9
8/30
/200
9
9/9/
2009
9/19
/200
9
9/29
/200
9
10/9
/200
9
10/1
9/20
09
10/2
9/20
09
11/8
/200
9
11/1
8/20
09
11/2
8/20
09
12/8
/200
90.00
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
10.00
12.00
14.00
NPTII Marker Gene Found EU
Flax Prices (January 2-December 15, 2009)
Adapted from: SaskFlax
44
1/2/
2009
1/12
/200
9
1/22
/200
9
2/1/
2009
2/11
/200
9
2/21
/200
9
3/3/
2009
3/13
/200
9
3/23
/200
9
4/2/
2009
4/12
/200
9
4/22
/200
9
5/2/
2009
5/12
/200
9
5/22
/200
9
6/1/
2009
6/11
/200
9
6/21
/200
9
7/1/
2009
7/11
/200
9
7/21
/200
9
7/31
/200
9
8/10
/200
9
8/20
/200
9
8/30
/200
9
9/9/
2009
9/19
/200
9
9/29
/200
9
10/9
/200
9
10/1
9/20
09
10/2
9/20
09
11/8
/200
9
11/1
8/20
09
11/2
8/20
09
12/8
/200
90.00
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
10.00
12.00
14.00
1st RASFF NotificationSept 8
NPTII Marker Gene Found EU
Flax Prices (January 2-December 15, 2009)
Adapted from: SaskFlax
45
1/2/
2009
1/12
/200
9
1/22
/200
9
2/1/
2009
2/11
/200
9
2/21
/200
9
3/3/
2009
3/13
/200
9
3/23
/200
9
4/2/
2009
4/12
/200
9
4/22
/200
9
5/2/
2009
5/12
/200
9
5/22
/200
9
6/1/
2009
6/11
/200
9
6/21
/200
9
7/1/
2009
7/11
/200
9
7/21
/200
9
7/31
/200
9
8/10
/200
9
8/20
/200
9
8/30
/200
9
9/9/
2009
9/19
/200
9
9/29
/200
9
10/9
/200
9
10/1
9/20
09
10/2
9/20
09
11/8
/200
9
11/1
8/20
09
11/2
8/20
09
12/8
/200
90.00
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
10.00
12.00
14.00
1st RASFF NotificationSept 8
NPTII Marker Gene Found EU
Canada-EUProtocol
Flax Prices (January 2-December 15, 2009)
Adapted from: SaskFlax
46
Canada / EU Protocol established – October 2009Canadian Government, FCC, flax exporters and
DG Sanco of the ECOutlines system of sampling (one sample for
every 5K bushels)Testing (at 0.01% levels)
Documentation…and more documentation….
Canada-EU Protocol
47
Canada / EU Protocol established – October 2009Canadian Government, FCC, flax exporters and
DG Sanco of the ECOutlines system of sampling (one sample for
every 5K bushels)Testing (at 0.01% levels)
Documentation…and more documentation….
Canada-EU Protocol
The hope is to meet strict EU import requirements and allow for secure/predictable flaxseed
supply!
48 November 5/09 – Western Producer
49
‘construct specific’ test now used to identify GMO markers in flax (@ 0.01% = 1 in 10,000 seeds)
As of January 11, 2010…Only 20% of producers had submitted samplesLevels of positive results in supply chain:
Producer/elevator: 3 – 5%Railcar: 10 – 15%Vessel holds: 7%
CDC Parental lines tested positive:Mons (released in 2002)Normandy (released in 1995)
Testing & results to date…
50
0.01% represents one seed in 10,000
This representstrace levels of GM content…
51
3234 Producer Samples Tested
Source: Barry Hall, Flax Council of Canada
As of February 18, 2010
52Source: Barry Hall, Flax Council of Canada
Test Results… (>=0.01%)
3.2%
53
Test Results… (<=0.01%)
Source: Barry Hall, Flax Council of Canada
6.3%
54
Demurrage/holding costs30K$ per day1M$ per monthEstimated 7M$ costs as of February 2010
Loss of sales costsTesting (all along the value chain)
105$/sample (producers)$195/sample (grain companies)700$+ if you want to put a rush on it
Downstream costsEU feed and industrial market (shortages)
Summary of Costs
55 February 18/10 – Western Producer
56
57
Changes to the Stewardship Program
58
Changes to the Stewardship Program
59
2008/09 (000’s Tonnes)
2009/10 (000’s Tonnes)
Canadian Flax Export Volumes
Data compiled from: Grain Statistics Weekly - CGC
60
August - February
2009 / 2010
August - February
2008 / 2009
Total Exports (000’s Tonnes)
308.4 350.2
Average Price per Tonne
367.48 525.39
Average Price per Bushel
9.33 13.35
Total Value of Exports
$114,449.36 $179,493.51
Flax Exports
12%
30%
30%
36%
61
CDN Flax Export Revenues
Data compiled from: Grain Statistics Weekly - CGC2008/09 2009/10
62
63
64
65
This spring:•Czech Republic•Germany
Following years:•Sweden•The Netherlands
AMFLORA
66
Thank you!Cami [email protected]: http://cami.posterous.com/Twitter me @CamilleDRyan
Acknowledgements:Dale Adolphe, CSGALinda Braun, SaskFlaxBarry Hall, Flax Council of CanadaErwin Hanley, SaskFlaxDr. Bill Kerr, U of S Dr. Gordon Rowland, U of SDr. Stuart Smyth, U of SAlvin Ulrich, Biolin Research Inc.