Tree-Maps Cyntrica Eaton February 11, 2001 A Space-Filling Approach to the Visualization of Hierarchical Information Structures Brian Johnson Ben Shneiderman

Tree-Maps

Cyntrica Eaton

February 11, 2001

A Space-Filling Approach to the Visualization of Hierarchical Information Structures

Brian Johnson Ben Shneiderman

Sneak Peek

Sneak Peek

A

B CD

E F

B C D

Overview

Part I: Tree-Maps

• Introduction

• Traditional Data Display

• Tree Maps

• Contributions

Overview

Part II: Paper Characteristics

• Critique

• Favorite Sentence

• References

• Current State

Part I

Introduction• Hierarchical Data

• Organization Charts

• Family Trees

• Animal Phyla

• Library Catalogs

• Visualizations display relationships among data

• Effective data presentation has posed a problem

Introduction

Hierarchical Data Presentation:

• Text-Based

• Connection

• Enclosure

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II.

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

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a.

b.

c.

a.

b.

c.

1.

2.

A.

B.

C.

Introduction


• Text-Based

• Connection

• Enclosure

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B CD

E F

Introduction

B C D


• Text-Based

• Connection

• Enclosure

Connection

A

B CD

E F

• Contain structural information and node content

• Generally easy to lay out and interpret

• Excellent visualization tools for small data sets

Exploit human ability to quickly recognize l relationships among entities based on l spatial configuration.

Connection

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B CD

E F

• As data set gets larger, the information space l l gets harder to see

- Amount of information shown can be far l less than user is capable of processing

- User becomes more responsible for l l l l l recalling information and tree node location

• Node-link diagrams contain great deal of e empty space

Motivation

Objective:

To produce a compact visualization of a directory l tree structure

Expected Benefits:• View large file directories in a constrained space

• Locate large files quickly and easily

• Determine which users consume more disk space

File Directory

File Directory

Tree Diagram

Desktop

My Documents My Computer …. Recycle Bin ACL60….

………… …………

DFSLexicon Grammar …. BFS Allegro

Venn DiagramDesktop

My Docs

My Ntwk

Recycle Bin

My Comp

ACL60

Tree-Map

My Doc My Comp

My Ntwk

Recycle ACL60

Tree-Maps

• Use entire information space

• Effective for showing quantitative properties of data

• Interactivity allows users to become more connected with l l data display

Tree Diagram

Desktop

My Documents My Computer …. Recycle Bin ACL60….

………… …………

DFSLexicon Grammar …. BFS Allegro

Tree-Map

My Doc My Comp

My Ntwk

Recycle ACL60

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B CD

E F

Tree-Map ConstructionNode Weight

A 10

B 1

C 4

D 5

E 2

F 3

B: 1

A: 10

C: 4D: 5

E: 2 F: 3

Tree-Map Construction

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B CD

E F


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B CD

E FA


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B CD

E F

B C D


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B CD

E F

B C D

Contribution

Introduces a method of enclosure to allow human visualization of large amounts of hierarchical data in a constrained information space.

Part II

Critique

Strengths: • Concise

• Well developed

Weakness:

Had to read it a couple of times to get a full understanding of how tree-maps are constructed

Favorite Sentence

The Tree-Map visualization technique makes 100% use of the available display space, mapping the full hierarchy onto a rectangular region in a space-filling manner.

References

Data Visualization

• Human ability to grasp l graphical information

• Color Coding

• Similar studies

Tree Maps: A Space-Filling Approach to the Visualization of Hierarchical Information Structures

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References

Data Visualization

• Offspring work

• Visual mapping techniques

• Hierarchical information l display

Tree Maps: A Space-Filling Approach to the Visualization of Hierarchical Information Structures

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Current State

Applications:

• Disk Mapper

• NBA Statistics

• Stock Portfolio Visualization

• PhotoMesa

NBA Statistics

NBA

AtlanticCentral Midwest

Pacific

…………………….…………………

……………

Lakers Suns Kings……………

NBA Statistics

Stock Portfolio

PhotoMesa

Current State

Research:

• Incorporating even larger data sets and allowing them to be readable

• Supporting data animation

• Creating better data views

Current State

ConclusionEfficient Space Utilization:

Great for large information structures

Interactivity:

User control in the presentation of data

Comprehension:

Rapid extraction of information with low perceptual l and cognitive loads

Aesthetics:

Visually pleasing rendering of data