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Transport and Logistics in Lao PDR:Impact of the ASEAN Economic CommunityFinal Report
On behalf of GIZ
Published by the
Deutsche Gesellschaft fr
Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH
Registered offices
Bonn and Eschborn, Germany
Regional Economic Integration of Laos into ASEAN,
Trade and Entrepreneurship Development (RELATED)
5th floor, Premier Building, opposite Simeuang Temple,
Setthathirath Road, Unit 10, Piawat Village, Sisattanak District;
Vientiane Capital, Lao PDR
T +856 21 226 000 3 Ext: 124
F +856 21 226 004
www.giz.de/laos
As at
December 2014
Printed by
Kaoyord Image
014 Ban Phiavat, Vientiane Lao PDR
Tel/Fax +856 21 216655, 218949 P.O. Box 8147
E-mail: [email protected]
www.kaoyordimage.com
Design and layout
Cover page: PR unit of GIZ Office Vientiane
Pankham Jampa Co.,Ltd
Photo credits
Paul Apthorp
photo a. page 10
photo b. page 11
photo c. page 12
photo d. page 61
Christian Ksoll
photo cover page
Text
Paul Apthorp
Christian Ksoll
John Quarmby
Contributions of the contractor, Greater Mekong Transportation, do not necessarily represent the position of GIZ.
On behalf of the
German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ)
mailto:[email protected]
1Transport and Logistics in Lao PDR: Impact of the ASEAN Economic Community Greater Mekong Transportation
Table of ContentsAbbreviations......................................................................................................................................4
Exchange Rates ..................................................................................................................................5
Executive Summary.............................................................................................................................6
Introduction and Background...............................................................................................................9
Background of the Study .....................................................................................................................9
Objectives of the Study .......................................................................................................................9
Definitions ........................................................................................................................................10
Cargo Operations ..............................................................................................................................10
Vehicle Weights ................................................................................................................................11
Truck sizes and wheeling configuration ..............................................................................................11
Value Chain vs. Supply Chain.............................................................................................................13
Stakeholders.....................................................................................................................................13
The Lao Transport and Logistics Sector ..............................................................................................15
Transport of Goods ...........................................................................................................................15
Contribution of transport and logistics to the economy ........................................................................15
Functions of the Lao Transport and Logistics Sector ............................................................................16
Main Routes & Gateways ...................................................................................................................22
Transport of People...........................................................................................................................23
Contribution of transport and logistics to the economy ........................................................................23
Functions of the Lao Passenger Transport ..........................................................................................23
Stakeholder Overview .......................................................................................................................26
Transport operators ..........................................................................................................................26
Freight Forwarders............................................................................................................................29
Customer Brokers .............................................................................................................................29
Lao PDR' dependence on neighboring countries for trade ....................................................................30
Analysis of the Transport and Logistics Value Chain in Lao PDR ...........................................................32
Economic Analysis.............................................................................................................................33
Raw Materials and Minerals ...............................................................................................................33
Domestic Distribution ........................................................................................................................33
Import / Export of General cargo .......................................................................................................34
Transit Cargo....................................................................................................................................34
2Transport and Logistics in Lao PDR: Impact of the ASEAN Economic Community Greater Mekong Transportation
Myanmar ..........................................................................................................................................73
China ...............................................................................................................................................75
Annex VII: ASEAN Framework Agreement on the Facilitation of Goods in Transit ..................................79
Annex VIII: Professional Standards in Transport .................................................................................81
Bibliography .....................................................................................................................................84
Transport and Logistics in Lao PDR: Impact of the ASEAN Economic Community Greater Mekong Transportation
Perishables .......................................................................................................................................34
Organic Vegetable Exports.................................................................................................................35
Market Opportunities for the Lao Transport Sector ..............................................................................36
Political Analysis................................................................................................................................39
Challenges and Obstacles for Value Chain Development ......................................................................41
Lao PDR Transport and Logistics Sector and ASEAN ...........................................................................43
Transport and Logistics in ASEAN.......................................................................................................43
Indirect impact of AEC on the Lao transportation and logistics industry ................................................45
Direct impact of AEC on the Lao transportation and logistics industry ...................................................46
The ASEAN Customs Transit System ..................................................................................................46
Market liberalization for international trucking operations ....................................................................47
Trans-loading and related logistics services ........................................................................................48
Ownership liberalization for foreign investors ......................................................................................49
Liberalization of skilled labor movement .............................................................................................50
Conclusions and Recommendations....................................................................................................50
Further Research ..............................................................................................................................54
Appendices.......................................................................................................................................55
Appendix I: Methodology...................................................................................................................55
Survey Design.......................................................................................................................