TRANSMISSION & DISTRIBUTION Centre Derrick Components 1 Book 2/27. DIGGER DERRICK... · derrick from destructive damage by vertical boom overloads. Components • main lift cylinder

�T R A I N I N G

M A N U A L0 4 / 2 7 / 0 0

DiggerDerrick

Components

Training Development Centre

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DD I G G E R D E R R I C K

C O M P O N E N T S

OBJECTIVE:Given this module, you will be able torecognize and explain the maincomponents and accessories.

WHY?You must become familiar with the unit beforeoperating it.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:1. Identify the main components.

2. Recall the functions of the maincomponents.

3. Identify any accessories.

4. Recall the functions of the accessories.

INT Start Here

AEP

DIMTRA

LIF

RIGHYD

ACO

OHS

AUS

TTO

ADO

BCO DDCDDOBTO

DUSBUS

(Core Modules)

(Digger Derrick Modules)

(Boom Truck Modules)

(Bucket Truck Modules)

Copyright © 1997 by the Training and Development Centre, SaskPower. All rights reserved. 0 4 / 2 7 / 0 0

IN THIS MODULE:1. Components

2. Accessories

RESOURCES:• None

ESTIMATED TIME:2 hours

PREREQUISITES:• None

LEARNING STEPS:1. Cover the module.

2. Clarify any questions you may have.

3. Complete the Knowledge Check.

Copyright © 1997 by the Training and Development Centre, SaskPower. All rights reserved.0 4 / 2 7 / 0 0

Components

Main Frame/A-Frame

LocationIt is bolted to the frame of the truck and can be mounted behind thecab (front center mount), at the rear of the truck (rear center mount)or to the side at the rear of the truck (rear corner mount).

FunctionIt functions as the stationary support for the working boom and thefacility for properly securing the boom. It serves as a mountingplace for auxiliary equipment (two speed digger switch, selectorvalves, holding place for gauges, etc.).

Main frame/A-frame

You should now go out to the unit and identify the componentsas you follow this section of the module.

4 T R A I N I N G M A N U A L .


Controls

LocationThe controls are attached to the mainframe. The control levers arepositioned on the digger to allow for comfortable operation andmaximum visibility of the job site.

FunctionThe function of the controls is to stop, start and direct all hydraulicfunctions of the digger.

A Auger stow

B Pole puller outlet

C Extension

D Swing

E Topping cylinder

F Tool outlets

G Winch

H Digger

I + J Mainframe outrigger

K + L Auxiliary outriggers

Control levers

D I G G E R D E R R I C K C O M P O N E N T S 5 .


Rotation Bearing

LocationIt is bolted to the top of the main frame.

FunctionIt allows the boom to rotate smoothly.

Rotation bearing



Turret

LocationIt is bolted above the rotation bearing.

FunctionProvides a moveable mounting place for the main boom and thelift cylinder.

Turret



Boom

Outer Boom

LocationIt is pinned to the top and bottom of the turret.

FunctionThe boom is the main lifting component.

Outer boom



Inner Boom

LocationIt is enclosed inside the main boom.

FunctionThe inner boom hydraulically extends from the main boom toprovide additional reach.

Inner boom



Lift Cylinder

LocationThe barrel end of the cylinder is mounted on the turret and the rodend is mounted to the bottom of the outer boom.

FunctionIt supplies the power to raise and lower the boom.

Lift cylinder



Boom Tip Winch

LocationIt is mounted on the end of the inner boom.

FunctionIt is the power source for all hoisting operations and is especiallyadapted for setting poles.

Boom tip winch



Auger Stow Bracket

LocationThe auger stow bracket is attached to the side of the outer boom.

FunctionIt provides a storage place for the auger when the unit is used forhoisting. Most units allow you to stow a 6 to 24 inch auger. Whenstowed properly, the auger will stay with the outer boom when theinner boom is extended.

Auger stow bracket



Outriggers

LocationOutriggers, consisting of a set, are mounted at the front and backof the unit.

FunctionThey provide the means to level and stabilize the unit.

Outriggers



Main Selector Valve

LocationThe main selector valve is either located on the mainframe or atthe control panel.

FunctionIt allows you to choose either outrigger or mainframe functions. Itis also a safety feature which allows only one of the two functionsto operate at any one time.

Main selector valve



Gauges

LocationThe gauges are located at or near the operator’s station.

FunctionThe gauges give the operator the working pressure, as well as thepressure relief settings of the hydraulic system.

Gauges



Digger Head

LocationThe digger head is attached to the end of the telescoping innerboom.

FunctionIt supplies the power to turn an auger or install anchors. The diggerhead may be a single or two speed model. It can shift speedsmechanically (air or electric) or hydraulically (hydrasync).

Digger head



Kelly Bar Coupler

LocationThe coupler is attached to the stub on the digger head.

FunctionIt allows the operator to attach either a 2-1/2 or 2-5/8 inch kelly barto the digger head.

Kelly bar coupler



Kelly Bar

LocationThe kelly bar is attached to the kelly bar adapter.

FunctionIt allows the auger to be attached at different heights for diggingvarious depths of holes. It also is a place to attach the anchorinstalling tool used for installing screw-in anchors.

Kelly bar



Auger

LocationThe auger is attached to the kelly bar by an approved pin.

FunctionIt allows the digging of holes from 6 to 36 inches in diameter.

Auger



Accessories

Auxiliary Jib

LocationIt is manually or hydraulically extended from the inner boom.

FunctionIt provides extra reach and is the place to mount a bucket.

Auxiliary jib

You should now go to the unit and identify the accessories asyou follow this section of the module.



Bucket

LocationThe bucket is mounted to the auxiliary jib.

FunctionIt provides a working platform for aerial work.

Bucket



Anchor Installing Tool

FunctionThis tool is equipped with a locking dog assembly and a kelly baradapter which allows the operator to install power screwed anchors.Both locking dogs are to be in the closed position when installinganchors.

Anchor installing tool



Anchor Drive Wrench

FunctionThe wrench, which comes in 3-1/2 and 7 foot lengths, providessupport for the anchor rod, as well as allowing you to installdifferent types of anchors ( eg. square one, pisa).

Anchor drive wrench



Tamper

FunctionThe hydraulically driven tamper is used to tamp the soil around anewly set pole. A hydraulic tamper compacts the dirt better than amanual tamper.

Tamper



Hydraulic Hammer

FunctionIt is used to install ground rods, break pavement, etc.

Hydraulic hammer



Pole Puller

FunctionThis hydraulic cylinder, which is available in various lengths, isused to pull poles out of the ground.

Pole puller



Pole Puller Chain and Base

FunctionThe approved pole chain and base are used in conjunction with thepole puller to ensure the poles are pulled safely. Some units areequipped with a curved plate with spikes welded on it that fit underthe chain when pulling poles. This plate stops the chain fromrolling up the pole, thus causing less damage to the pole.

Pole puller chainand baseplate



Boom Tip Controls

LocationThe boom tip controls are pinned to the main boom for storage.When in use, the controls are pinned to the auxiliary jib.

FunctionThey allow the bucket operator to control boom movements. Thereis no function for the winch on the boom tip controls.

Boom Overload Protection System

FunctionThe function of the boom overload system is to protect the diggerderrick from destructive damage by vertical boom overloads.

Components• main lift cylinder (sensor is installed at the base end)

• holding valve equipped with an integral velocity fuse

• a special dumping valve (Model 850, Model 901)

• connecting hydraulic hoses

Boom tip controls



OperationMost models are entirely hydraulic and automatic. There are nooverride or lockout features available on digger derricks.

When you are lifting an object, digging a hole, or installing ananchor, and you exceed the pre-limit on the main lift cylinder, thesensor will activate, stopping whatever function you were doing.The sensor will open the special dumping valve (Model 850, Model901). This will put the control valve in neutral and dump all the oil(directed to that control valve) into the main reservoir.

Causes and Corrections of an Overload• Lifting an excessive load with the lifting cylinder. Lowering

the load with the winch will take the pressure off the liftcylinder.

• Lowering the lift cylinder with a heavy load on it (increasesradius). Lower the load with the winch to take the pressureoff the lift cylinder.

• Extending the extension cylinder(s) while lifting a load(increases radius). Retracting the extension cylinder orlowering the load on the winch line will correct thisoverload.

• Winching excessive loads. Lowering the load with thewinch line will correct the overload.

• Digging a hole or installing an anchor without followingdown with the boom can cause an overload. To correct this,you must reverse the digger motor until the pressure is takenoff the lift cylinder.

To reset this type of protection after an overload, youmust raise the boom approximately 6 inches after thepressure has been taken off it. Failure to do this willleave you with no protection.

!



Overload Quick Check• Raise the retracted boom to maximum elevation and hold the

control lever in the “Up” position, causing a bypass.

• With the boom lever still being held in the “Up” position,activate the main extension cylinder.

• The pressure gauge will drop to 500 psi or less from about2300 psi.

• The main extension should not extend, or it may extend veryslowly under little pressure.

Rotational Side Load Protection

FunctionTo protect the rotational gear drive from damage caused byhydraulic and inertial forces.

Components• winch hydraulic system

• digger hydraulic system

• rotation hydraulic system

OperationThe side protection consists of two systems.

One system provides a cushioned stop at the end of the rotationcycle to feather out the high drive train loads due to boom inertia atthe end of a swing function.

This type of protection is designed to protect againstoverloads due to operation of the lower controls only,and is inoperative when the top-mounted controls arebeing used.

!



The other system is used to stop damage to the rotation gear boxwhen a high side pressure is applied. This force is generally causedby installing anchors off to the side of the boom or using the winchor boom to drag loads sideways.

When the side pressure exceeds a preset pressure setting, the brakereleases and allows the boom to swing towards the load.

SummaryIn this module, you have learned:

• The main components and their functions.

• The accessories and their functions.

Now...

• Complete the Review Questions.

• Correct the Review Questions and clarify the answers if needed.

• Complete the Knowledge Check.

Not all overload systems will function or can be tested asdescribed. Check your operator’s manual for the correctprocedure for your unit.



REVIEW QUESTIONS

Digger Derrick Components

Identify the main components.

1. Match the correct digger derrick components with the graphicbelow:

(a) Auger stow bracket

(b) Kelly bar coupler

(c) Outriggers

(d) Digger head

(e) Auger

____

____

____

____

____

This section is a practice for your module Knowledge Check.Complete the questions, and verify your answers with theReview Question Solutions located at the end of this module.



2. Match the correct digger derrick components with the graphicbelow:

(a) Turret

(b) Winch

(c) Lift cylinder

(d) Main frame

(e) Outer boom

(f) Rotation bearing

____

____

____

____

____

____



Recall the functions of the main components.

3. Match the statements on the right hand column to the choices inthe left hand column.



(a) Main frame

(b) Rotation bearing

(c) Turret

(d) Inner boom

(e) Boom tip winch

(f) Main selector

valve

(g) Digger head

(h) Control valves

____ Supplies the power to turnan auger.

____ Allows you to chooseoutrigger or main framefunctions.

____ Is the stationary support forthe working boom.

____ Provides additional reach.

____ Allows the boom to rotatesmoothly.

____ Is the power source forhoisting operations.

____ Stops, starts and directshydraulic functions.

____ Provides a place to mountthe boom and lift cylinder.

Identify any accessories.

4. Match the following accessories to the correct graphic:

(a) Auxiliary jib (e) Tamper

(b) Bucket (f) Pole puller

(c) Anchor installing tool (g) Pole puller chain and base

(d) Anchor drive wrench (h) Boom tip controls

____ ____

____ ____

____ ____

____ ____



Recall the functions of the accessories.

5. Match the statements on the right hand column to the choices inthe left hand column.



(a) Bucket

(b) Anchor drive

wrench

(c) Tamper

(d) Pole puller

(e) Boom tip controls

(f) Boom overload

protection

(g) Rotation side load

protection

____ Allows the bucketoperator to control boommovements.

____ Allows for bettercompacting of soil.

____ Protects the boom fromvertical loads.

____ Is the working platformfor aerial work.

____ Pulls poles out of theground.

____ Provides a support forthe anchor rod.

____ Protects the rotation geardrive.



1. b, d, a, e, c

2. e, c, a, f, d, b

3. g, f, a, d, b, e, h, c

4. e ba fc dg h

5. e, c, f, a, d, b, g

REVIEW QUESTION SOLUTIONS

Digger Derrick Components



Documents

TRANSMISSION & DISTRIBUTION Centre Derrick Components 1 Book 2/27. DIGGER DERRICK... · derrick from destructive damage by vertical boom overloads. Components • main lift cylinder