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Transforming WWTPs to Regional Transforming WWTPs to Regional Resource Recovery Centers:Resource Recovery Centers:
Dawn Lesley, PEKennedy/Jenks Consultants
June 28, 2011
APWA Sustainability in Public Works Conference:
Portland Oregon
Barriers and Opportunities
Presentation OverviewPresentation Overview
� A Vision:Regional Resource Recovery Centers of the Future
� Resources to Recover� Water
� Energy
� Nutrients
� Carbon
� Space
� Infrastructure
� Skilled staff
� Barriers & Opportunities
Once upon a time . . . . Once upon a time . . . .
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WPCF WPCF –– Inputs and OutputsInputs and Outputs
WPCF Opportunities WPCF Opportunities –– Recycled WaterRecycled WaterWPCF Opportunities WPCF Opportunities –– EnergyEnergyWPCF Opportunities WPCF Opportunities –– BiosolidsBiosolidsWPCF WPCF –– Inputs and OutputsInputs and Outputs
Concept Water Cycle for Concept Water Cycle for AlcatrazAlcatraz
SWRO
PotableUse
MBR
Wash down Water
ToiletFlushing
Fire Protection
Storage
Irrigation
Dewatering Hauling to Mainland
Renewable Energy(Solar, Wind, Tidal)
Fro
m S
F B
ay
Brine from SWRO
Potable Water Wastewater
RecycledWater Sludge
FuelCell
H2O
AnaerobicDigestionOverflow
To Bay
For use at other GGNRA Facilities as Fertilizer
Met
han
e G
as
Energy
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Water from the skyWater from the sky
Water from townWater from town
Klamath Cogeneration Plant, Klamath Falls, Oregon, IberdrolaRenewables
Las Vegas Regional Animal Campus, Las Vegas, NV, Tidal Flow Wetland Living Machine®
EnergyEnergy
� In the wastewater� Heat
� Chemical bonds – COD/BOD
� Head� Coming to the plant� Discharging from the plant
� Site sources� Solar – footprint-specific, can be harvested
with solar PV, solar thermal, algae� Geothermal
� Wind
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Energy from Wastewater HeatEnergy from Wastewater Heat
Waste heat recovered in these heat pumps provides 60% of annual district heating of Okanagan College campus buildings.
$1.5 million capital cost, 15-year payback.
Okanagan College, Kelowna, BC, Canada, Heat Pumps
Existing DigestersExisting Digesters
BiosolidsBiosolids
Energy from COD/BOD Energy from COD/BOD ––Existing CogenerationExisting Cogeneration
Primary andPrimary and
Secondary SolidsSecondary Solids
CogenCogen
Biogas
75%75% 25%25%
FlareFlare
Existing DigestersExisting Digesters
BiosolidsBiosolids
Augmenting Energy from COD/BOD Augmenting Energy from COD/BOD ––Cogeneration, FOG, Food WasteCogeneration, FOG, Food Waste
Primary andPrimary and
Secondary SolidsSecondary Solids
CogenCogen
New DigesterNew Digester
Biogas
CogenCogenFood Food WasteWaste
FOGFOG
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Energy from head Energy from head –– HydroHydro
Existing:Falling water = Splashing + Foam + Water Hammer
Revised:Falling water = Electricity + $$
Energy from head Energy from head –– MicrohydroMicrohydro
Energy from the sun Energy from the sun –– Solar PVSolar PV
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WindWind
Browning MTFour 10-kW
Late 199925% of WWTP electricity
Atlantic County NJDecember 2005Five 1.5-MW
Nutrients Nutrients -- NitrogenNitrogen
Photo credit: NW Biosolids Management Association
Photo credit: Portland BES/Madison Farms
Nutrients Nutrients -- PhosphorusPhosphorus
� Clean Water Services, Durham Advanced WW Treatment Facility, Tualatin, OR
� Hampton Roads Sanitation District, Nansemond Treatment Plant, Chesapeake Bay watershed, Suffolk, VA
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Other WW ConstituentsOther WW Constituents
� Metals – Gheen Irrigation, Eugene OR. Manufactures irrigation parts. Recovers zinc from hot-dip galvanizing process, sells it to zinc recycler.
� CECs?
CarbonCarbon
� Improves soil tilth � Other uses?
Photo credit: City of Lincoln, NE
graphiteBuckminsterfullerene
nanotube diamond
Space / LandSpace / Land
� Land for terrestrial solar panel installations and/or wind turbines
� Lagoons – grow algae? Solar panels?
� Habitat –constructed wetland?
� Other uses? –trails/interpretive?
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Kontich, Belgium
1.2 million tomatoes
1 million eggplants per year
10 acres
Heated by CHP
Natural Treatment SystemsNatural Treatment SystemsMultiple BenefitsMultiple Benefits
•Water Storage & Delay
•Sediment Retention &
Stabilization
•Phosphorus Retention
•Thermoregulation
•NO3 Removal & Retention
•Carbon Sequestration
•Organic Matter Export
•Native Plant Diversity
•Habitat:
•Aquatic Invertebrates
•Non-anadromous Fish
•Amphibians & Reptiles
•Waterfowl
•Songbird, Raptor, &
Mammal
•Pollinators
InfrastructureInfrastructure
� Digester capacity
� Laboratory
� Meeting space
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Pierce County, WAPierce County, WA
� LEED™ Silver
� Meeting rooms available to the community to rent fo r meetings and events
LOTT Alliance, Olympia WALOTT Alliance, Olympia WA
LEED™ PlatinumMiller-Hull
Skilled StaffSkilled Staff
� Laboratory analyses
� Community education
� Industrial pretreatment ‘consulting’?
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Barriers/Opportunities (1)Barriers/Opportunities (1)
� Renewable Energy� Low cost of electricity
� Ability to aggregate meters, limits to aggregation
� FOG and Food Waste� Landfills vs. POTWs
� Who invests in the infrastructure?
� Role for haulers
Barriers/Opportunities (2)Barriers/Opportunities (2)
� Recycled Water� Public perception challenge
� Regionalization� Public vs. private
� Hatfield County vs. the City of McCoy
� Cost Barrier – tunneling through?
Barriers/Opportunities (3)Barriers/Opportunities (3)
� Regulatory� Political� Community engagement
� Valuing of services
� Non-conducive, historical siting� No industry ‘across the fence’
� Crosses multiple disciplines / departments� Difficult to plan and manage� Chance for “cross-talk” and synergy of actions
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“Sustainability takes forever.“Sustainability takes forever.And that’s the point.”And that’s the point.”
William McDonough, FAIA
Contact InformationContact Information
� Dawn Lesley� [email protected]� 541-338-8135