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PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
Transcription and Translation
Central Dogma
DNA RNA Protein
Transcription
Translation
Transcription and Translation
Transcription
mRNA makes a copy of the DNA strand! Adenine Base Pairs with Uracil Base Pairs with Guanine Base Pairs with Cytosine Base Pairs with
ThymineAdenin
e CytosineGuanine
Step 1- DNA Unzips.
Step 2- mRNA nucleotides match to their complementary
bases.
Step 3- mRNA leaves the nucleus to go to ribosome in the cytoplasm.
Translation At the ribosome, mRNA is “translated” in sets of
three nucleotides called codons.
tRNA matches the correct amino acid to its codon using an anticodon (complementary base pair)The codon CCG has an anticodon The codon AUG has an anticodon
Chains of amino acids are PROTEINS!!!
GGC
UAC
Step 1: The mRNA start codon, AUG, is oriented at the ribosome P site.
Start Codon
Step 2: The tRNA molecule matches the amino acid methionine to the codon using an anticodon- UAC.
U A C
C G G
Anti-Codon
Step 3: The next tRNA molecule carries the next matching amino acid to the A site
where a peptide bond forms between the two amino acids.
Peptide Bond
U A CC G G
A C C
Step 4: The ribosome shifts one codon in the 3’ position so the next tRNA can
match the codon to its amino acid.
U A C
U G A
C G G A C C
TR
AN
SLA
TIO
N
Another way to look at it.
Using your notes and diagram, complete the Venn diagram by placing the
statements in the correct location.
A. Occurs in nucleusB. Occurs on
ribosome C. Assembly of
proteinsD. DNA is copiedE. Involves mRNAF. Involves tRNA
G. Involves DNAH. Amino acids are
matched to their codon.
I. DNA unzipsJ. Peptide bonds are
formed
A B
CD
E FG
HIJ
Transcription Translation
Codon Chart
CodonAUG
Amino AcidMethionine
1st Base
2nd
Base3rd
Base
CODON BINGO!!
Label each space on your Bingo card with one of the following amino acids
You will have to use some amino acids more than once
Arginine Aspartic Acid Serine CysteineLeucine Glutamic Acid Proline HistidineGlycineTryptophan ThreonineGlutamineValine Asparagine Tyrosine IsoleucineAlanineMethionine Lysine Phenylalaine
You can also use the word stop in one of the squares!