training BTS 3.ppt

© Alcatel University - 8AS 90125 0189 VT ZZA Ed.01 1.1

Alcatel 9100 BTS Commissioning

1.2

BTS CommissioningCourse content

S1: Base Transceiver Station Introduction

S2: BTS Functional, Hardware description

S3: Preliminary Checks

S4:Checking power supply and power up S5: Commissioning test S5: Check antenna, output power


1 Introduction

1.4

1 IntroductionSession presentation

Objective : to be able to identify the role and the situation of the BTS

Program :

1.1 Situation of the Evolium™ BTS

1.2 Functions of the Evolium™ BTS

1.3 Main characteristics of the Evolium™ BTS

1.5

GGSNGGSNIP GPRS IP GPRS

BackboneBackboneInternetInternet

Gb

SGSNSGSN

TC MSC

PublicPublicSwitchedSwitchedNetworkNetwork

AA-ter

A-bis

BSC

BSC

HLR

Alcatel 9135MFS

MSC

OMC-R

BTS

BTS

BTS

BTS

S1 : Introduction Situation of the BTS

1.6

AbisClock I/O

External alarms I/OBTS Terminal

BTS

Antennas

BTS

BTS

BTS

BTS

BTS

BTS

BTS

BTSBTS

BSC

Multipoint Configuration (Multidrop)

Chain Configuration

Sectorised Configuration

Star Configuration

Abis

Um

Cell split (2 BTS)

AbisAbis Abis

BTS

Satellite

S1: Introduction Situation of the BTS : Topology

1.7

BTS

S1 : Introduction Functions of the BTS

The Evolium™ BTS is designed to ensure an outstanding quality of service through very high radio performance and minimum service interruption, and to facilitate all kinds of evolution.

The BTS performs: The coverage of the radio transmission The management of air interface with the mobile The O&M functions

1.8

S1 : Introduction Features

Radio Performance 1/2

Support GSM900 (E-GSM), GSM1800 and GSM850 Dual band configurations Reception sensitivity -111 dBm DR (Dual Rate), EFR (Enhanced Full Rate); AMR HW Support several A5 ciphering algorithms (A5/0, A5/1 and

A5/2)

1.9


Radio Performance 2/2

Radio (synthesized) frequency hopping Coverage solution to improve the output power

TRX GSM 1800 High Power Low-loss configuration Range Extension Kit (REK) Tower Mounted Amplifiers (TMA)

Antenna diversity

1.10


Standard features 1/2

BTS autotests are improved Support the BTS auto_detection SW download (from BSC to BTS) without service

interruption 2 SW version kept in flash EPROM’s in SUM Fast restart after breakdown

1.11


Standard features 2/2

On line extension / reduction Hot insertion / extension of all modules Bridge over of Abis connections in case of BTS switch off Intelligent power down concept in case of AC main power

failure Include the remote inventory Plug-in light indoor Unit (PIDU) of Microwave entity

1.12


Evolution

GPRS ready EDGE ready by a simple “add TRE” UMTS ready Split Cell

1.13

S1: Introduction Features : Cell split over 2 BTSs (1/2)

Description The cell split feature provides the operator with the capability

to map sector/cells onto TRX belonging to 2 different BTS.

Benefits A BTS can have up to 12 TRX, whereas cells can be defined

with up to 16 TRX : the cell split feature allows to create or modify cells with up to 16 TRX.

There is no need to modify the configuration of the existing BTS when extending a site, in particular there is no need to change the cabling

1.14

CombiningANC

TRX 1 TRX 4

TRX 1 TRX 4

TRX 1 TRX 4

TRX 1 TRX 4

TRX 1 TRX 4

TRX 1 TRX 4

Sector 1: 1x 8 TRX

Cabinet 1Standard 4,4,4 TRX

Cabinet 2Standard 4,4,4 TRX

Sector 2: 1x 8 TRX Sector 3: 1x 8 TRX

CombiningANC

CombiningANC

CombiningANC

CombiningANC

CombiningANC

S1: Introduction Features : Cell split over 2 BTSs (2/2)

Example: 3x8 TRXs configuration with only 2 BTSs (cell split)

1.15

Extended cell

35 km to35 km

Outer cell

Inner cellInner cell

Handover relationship

70 km

Sector1

Sector2

S1 : Introduction Features : Extended Cell (1/3)

Definition Provides the continuous coverage minimizing the number of sites Allows reaching a coverage range of up to 70 km 2 Sector indoor BTS with up to 4 TRX/sector Outer cell sector to be configured as:

Low loss with REK, or Standard with TMA

Principle all traffic managed by BCCH of outer cell inner cell is barred (no access) all traffic managed by BCCH of outer cell receiver of inner cell BCCH is adjusted to

outer cell BCCH frequency

1.16

TRX 1 TRX 4

PDU

MAB MAB

TRX 1 TRX 2

Combining ANc

No-combining ANc

No-combining ANc

PDU

MAB MAB

TRX 1 TRX 2

Standard 1x4 TRX Low-loss 1x4 TRX + REK

REK

Outer cellInner cell

MAB Masthead Amplification BoxPDU Power distribution Unit


Extended cell Evolium™ BTS using Range Extension Kit (REK)

1.17

Combining ANc

TRX 1 TRX 4

Combining ANc

PDU

TMA TMA

TRX 1 TRX 2

Standard 1x4 TRX Standard 1x4 TRX + TMA

TMA

Outer cellInner cell


Extended cell Evolium™ BTS using Tower Mounted Amplifier (TMA)


2 Functional, Hardware Architecture

1.19

Functional Architecture

1.20

2.1 Functional Architecture Session presentation

Objective : to be able to identify the functional subsets of the BTS

Program : 2.1.1 BTS architecture 2.1.2 Telecommunication 2.1.3 Operation and maintenance 2.1.4 Transmission 2.1.5 Antenna network 2.1.6 Remote Inventory, RF cable detection

1.21

Abis BTS - BSC InterfaceSUM Station Unit ModuleTRANS TransmissionClock ClocksOMU Operation and Maintenance UnitTRE Transceiver EquipmentAN Antenna NetworkBTS_TE BTS Terminalalso called LMT (Local Maintenance Terminal)

AN

OMU

TRANS

BTS_TE

Abis

SUM

TRE

CLOCK

S2 : Functional architectureBTS Overall architecture

1.22

Speech Processing

SpeechTranscoding

Rate Adaptation

Transmission

&

TranscoderFonctions

ChannelEncoding Interleaving Encryption Modulation Transmission

SpeechTranscoding

Rate Adaptation

ChannelDecoding

De- Interleaving

Dencryption Demodulation Reception

* Some uplink fonctions are duplicate for Antena Diversity.

Duplexing

S2 : Functional architectureTelecommunication

1.23

S2 : Functional architectureTelecommunication

Speech Processing Speech Transcoding

The TC performs speech transcoding on the TCH in both directions. It realizes the coding of the TCH by TCH/F or TCH/H

Rate adaptation Adapts the TC data rate to the speech frame format used on the Air Interface 64 kbps to 16kbps (vice-versa).

Channel Encoding & Decoding Produces a string of encoded TDMA bursts for transmission over the Air Interface

Interleaving / De-interleaving Applied to improve the error detection rate Except the the burst which carries the BCCH

Encryption / Decryption Used to protect the confidentiality of the messages on the Air Interface Three options are possible in accordance with the GSM Rec. 03.20 :

Two algorithms A5/1or A5/2 for encryption A5/0 no encryption

1.24

S2 : Functional architectureOperation & Maintenance

The O&M functions monitor and control the operation of the BTS :

Configuration management Fault management External alarm handling

1.25


The O&M Configuration Management Function handles the following tasks:

Central command Control Configuration / Initialisation File Handling Data base Remote Inventory and RF Cabling Detection Live Insertion and Removal of modules Hardware extension / Reduction

1.26


The Fault Management Function handles the following tasks:

Alarm detection and Correlation Alarm Reporting Alarm Translation Module Power Supply Control

1.27


External Alarm Handling External Alarm Connections provide a mechanical/electrical

interface between the Dedicated Alarm and Control Handling function. These external alarm sources include the cabinet door switch, smoke detector, etc .

Translation of the SBL to Hardware Element This function allows the translation of the SBL received from

the BSC to the modules defined in the architecture

1.28

S2 : Functional architectureTransmission

To ensure the connection of the BTS to the BSC, both are connected by a Abis interface at 2 Mbps.

This interface is supervised by transmission functions at BTS and BSC

This interface handles the transfer of traffic and signalling data

The 2 Mbps bandwidth of the Abis Interface is used as 32 time slot, each of 64 kbps.

1.29


Multiplexing On the Downlink / Uplink, the BSC transmission functions multiplexes

and de-multiplexes the data onto the Abis Interface. At the BTS the data is de-multiplexed / multiplexed by the BTS

transmission functions

Signalling Signalling frames are sent

via the RSL between the BSC and the baseband functions One RSL is required for each BTS carrier

Via the OML between the BSC and the O&M functions Only one OML is used by BTS

1.30


Traffic Time slots not used for signalling information are available

to carry traffic. For this purpose, each 64 kbps slot is divided into four 16 kbps nibbles.

For TCH/F each time slot is shared between four full rate TCHs For TCH/H each time slot is shared between eight half-rate TCHs

1.31

S2 : Functional architectureAntenna Network

The main functions of the AN are: Downlink

Isolation of the transmitters from the receivers Combining of two transmitters to connect them to single antenna Duplexing to allow transmitters and receivers to share the same

antenna Power coupling and detection to sample the VSWR forward and

reflected power

Uplink Pre-amplification to amplify the received signal and control the

overall gain of the antenna network Splitting to distribute the received signal to a pair of receivers

1.32

S2 : Functional architectureRemote Inventory

Auto identification Auto identification is the capability of the BTS to recognise

by it self: For each managed module, both RIT type and RIT location, The sector to which each ANC belongs to, The mapping TRE/ANC All the BTS HW and SW capabilities.

Most of the information, mainly capabilities and module type versions, are retrieved by the Remote Inventory function. The mapping is retrieved with the help of the RF cabling detection.


Hardware Architecture

1.34

2.2 Hardware Architecture Session presentation

Objective : to be able to identify the hardware modules of the BTS

Program : 2.2.1 Introduction 2.2.2 Station unit (SUM) 2.2.3 Telecommunication unit (TRE) 2.2.4 Antenna network unit (ANY) 2.2.5 Antenna network unit (ANC) 2.2.6 BTS external connections 2.2.7 Fan units 2.2.8 BTS Specific Hardware

1.35

S3 : Hardware architectureIntroduction

The Architecture of the Alcatel 9100 Base Station is based on three levels:

Antenna Coupling Network level Duplexers stage (ANC) Combiners stage (ANY)

Transceiver (TRX) level Base station Control Function (BCF) level

1.36

TRX level

Antennacouplinglevel

BCF level

ANc

Air interface

ANc

TRX TRX TRX TRX

ANy

TRXTRXTRXTRX

ANyRFI

RFI

RFITRX TRX TRX TRX

SUM FACB

BTS-RI

Interface Abis

XIOBBTS-CAor COAR

BSII

S3 : Hardware architectureIntroduction

1.37

S3 : Hardware architectureStation Unit Module (SUM)

Main Functions

Generating the clocks for all other BTS modules: the clocks can be either synchronised to an external clock

reference, e.g. Abis link, or another BTS, or generated in a pure free run mode by an internal frequency

generator.

Ensuring central BTS O&M application Handling the Abis transmission links Handling OML (Operation and Maintenance Link) and Qmux

protocols (transmission equipment supervision)

1.38


Features

Only one SUM for all BTS sectors (Station Unit Sharing) GPS Options on the main board Abis extension or HDSL Options on baby board USB access (for factory autotest today) Control the AC/DC function Control and Set the optimal voltage and current for battery

charging

1.39


SUMA block diagram

1.40


SUMA Front View

1.41

S2 : Hardware architectureTelecommunication Unit (TRE)

Main FunctionsBase band processing and RF processing :

Radio resource management Burst coding/decoding, encryption/decryption,

modulation/demodulation, power control and ramping, DTX ...

Terrestrial link management Transcoding and rate adaptation, LAPD management

16 & 64 kbps with static and statistical submultiplexing

Telecom TRX management Overload management, Telecom configuration/

reconfiguration, RSL management

Analogue signal processing Analogue transmitter, analogue receiver, loop for RF supervision

1.42


TRE basic architecture

TRED

BSII

CLKI

HFFI

PSI

BCB

LEDS

TREA

TREP

FHL

ADR

PRI

CUIRCD

RFI

DEBUG

I²CA

PSWITCH

1.43


Several variants of TRE following band and power:

Variant Band (MHz) Power (Watt) Output level (dBm)

TRGM 900 35 W 45.44dBm +/-0.5dB

TRDM 1800 37 W 45.69dBm +/-0.5dB

TRPM 1900 35 W 45.44dBm +/-0.5dB

TRDH 1800 63,5 W 48.03dBm +/-0.75dB

1.44


Several variants of TRE following band and power:

Variant Band (MHz) Power (Watt) Output level (dBm)

TRAG 900 45 W 46.5 dBm +/-0.5dB

TRAD 1800 35 W 45.4dBm +/-0.5dB

TRAP 1900 45 W 46.5 dBm +/-0.5dB

TRAL 850 45 W 46.5 dBm +/-0.5dB

TRAH 1800 60 W 47.7 dBm +/-0.5dB

1.45

S3 : Hardware architectureAntenna Network Unit (ANY)

The twin Wide Band Combiner module (ANY) The ANY combines up to four transmitters into two outputs,

and distributes the two received signals up to four receivers.

Splitter

Splitter

WBC

TX RXn RXd TRE 1

TX RXn RXd TRE 2

Splitter

Splitter

WBC

TX RXn RXd TRE 3

TX RXn RXd TRE 4

TXA RXA TXBRXdivA RXB RXdivB

1.46

S3 : Hardware architectureAntenna Network Unit (ANY)

RX0AIN

RX1AIN

RX0AOUT1

RX1AOUT1RX0AOUT2

RX1AOUT2

RX0BIN

RX1BINRX0BOUT1

RX1BOUT1

RX0BOUT2

RX1BOUT2

TXAOUT

TXAIN1

TXAIN2

TXBOUT

TXBIN1

TXBIN2

SERIAL NBR LABEL

MNEMONIC LABEL

FROM/TOTRE

FROM/TOANX

FROM/TOANX

FROM/TOTRE

FROM/TOTRE

FROM/TOTRE

1.47

S3 : Hardware architectureAntenna Network Unit (ANC)

The Antenna Network Combiner (ANC) module

Duplexing transmit and receivepaths onto common antennas

Providing filtering for the transmit and the receive paths

Combining if necessary output of the transmitters

Supervising antennas VSWR

1.48


Antenna network Combiner ANC – No-combining mode

ANTENNA ATXA - RXA - RXdivB

ANTENNA BTXB - RXB - RXdivA

TX RXn RXd

TRE 1

Splitter

Splitter

SplitterWBC

LNA

FilterFilter

Duplexer

Splitter

Splitter

Splitter WBC

LNA

Filter Filter

DuplexerVSWR

Detector

µProcessor& Memory

BCBInterface

DC/DCConverter

BSII BCB -48V

Rxd RXn Tx

TRE 2

1.49


Antenna network Combiner ANC – Combining mode

ANTENNA ATXA - RXA - RXdivB

ANTENNA BTXB - RXB - RXdivA

TX RXn RXd

TRE 1

Splitter

Splitter

SplitterWBC

LNA

FilterFilter

Duplexer

Splitter

Splitter

Splitter WBC

LNA

Filter Filter

DuplexerVSWR

Detector

µProcessor& Memory

BCBInterface

DC/DCConverter

BSII BCB -48V

Rxd RXn Tx

TRE 2TX RXn RXd

TRE 2Rxd RXn Tx

TRE 2

1.50

S3 : Hardware architectureAntenna Network Unit (AN)

Losses due to the Antenna Network (AN)

Module Transmission loss (dB)

ANC 4.4

ANC no bridge 1

ANX 1

ANY 3.3

Radio cables

TRE-AN

AN-AN

AN-Antenna

0.3

0.2

0.5

1.51

S3 : Hardware architectureBTS External Connections

XIOB : External Input Output Board

External Input/Output

Interface Group

External Clock

Interface Group

Abis InterfaceGroup

1.52

S3 : Hardware architectureBTS External Connections : XIOB Variant

Circuit Breakers

DC Filter Connectors AC ImputDC Output -48 V / 200W max

External DC

External Battery

DC Filter Connectors

DC Output -48 V / 200W max

1.53

S3 : Hardware architectureBTS External Connections

Cabinet Top view Indoor

Top Fan BackplaneTop Fan (x6)Fan Cover

Ground Bolt

Sector n/ASector n/BSector p/ASector n/B

Interconnection Panel AC or DC Connectors,Depending on CIMA variant

AntennaConnector

AntennaConnector

Sector q/ASector q/BSector r/ASector r/B

1.54

S3 : Hardware architectureFan units

Temperature Control

The Alcatel 9100 BTS is equipped with a forced-air cooling system which is composed of 2 RITs.

A FANU consists of a mouled-plastic frame containing 2 fans. The FANUs are usually installed in groups of 3. They are normally situated below the subracks containing TREs.

A FACB board which monitors the fans and provides power and digital speed control of the Fans independently of each other. Each FACB controls 3 FANUs.

1.55

S3 : Hardware architectureFan units

FAN UNIT FAN UNIT FAN UNIT

FACB

FACBs

FANsBTSCA

BTSCA

MINI BTS MEDI BTS

1.56

S3 : Hardware architecture Interconnection in the BTS

POWER SUPPLY

FUSE

XIOB

X310

X311

X102

X100X101

X300

X301

X302

X303

X103 X104X105

X106 X107X110

X200X201X202X203

X220

ABIS1ABIS2ABIS3ABIS4

ABIS1&2ABIS3&4

XCLK2 1

XCLK

XCLK1

IN

OUT

IN

/OUT

XBCB

XRT

XGPS

BTSCA

X100

X101

ALARM INPUTS

ALARM INPUTSALARM OUTPUTS

XBCB SIGNALS

EBCB SIGNALS24 V

VCC BCBVCC CA

ABIS1/2

BTS

CON

E

I

AR

N

CT

ON

AE

BTS

I

R

N

T

A

E

L

M

TEST

OML

O

M&

OMU

PS1

ABIS 1

ABIS 2

TRANS FAULT

PS2

TEST PURPOSE

X100

X101

X109

X110

X111

TFBP

X110X111 X112

FACBTOP

BACK PANEL

FACB

3 connectors forFAN UNITS

3 connectors forFAN UNITS

BTSRI

SUMP

EBCB

XBCB

OTHERBACK PANELS

(SUBRACK N°2)

BCBBSII

CLKsADRESS

ABIS1&2XCLKs/XRT/XGPS/EBCB

LIGHTNING PROTECTIONS

RELAYS

1.57

S3 : Hardware architecture Specific Hardware : BTS AC Indoor

MBI 5(5 subracks)

12 TRXs capacity

MBI 3(3 subracks)

8 TRXs capacity

1.58

S3 : Hardware architecture Specific Hardware : ACIB Diagram


Configurations

1.60

TRE TRE TRE TRE

ANC

TRETRE TRE TRE

FAN FAN. FAN.

CONNECTION AREA

US

MA ANC

92 cm

S2 : Configurations

Mini indoor 1x4 900 or 1800

1.61

TRETRE TRE TRE

FAN FAN FAN

CONNECTION AREA

USMA ANC

TRETRE TRE TRE

FAN FAN FAN

TRETRE TRE TRE

FAN FAN FAN

ANC ANC

194 cm

TRE TRE TRE TRE

ANC

TRE TRE TRE TRE

ANC

TRE TRE TRE TRE

ANC

S2 : Configurations

Medi indoor 3x4 900 or 1800

1.62

TRETRE TRE TRE

FAN FAN FAN

CONNECTION AREA

USMA ANC

TRETRE TRE TRE

FAN FAN FAN

TRETRE TRE TRE

FAN FAN FAN

ANC

1234

56

TRE TRE TRE TRE

ANC

TRE TRE

ANYANY

TRE TRE TRE TRE

ANC

TRE TRE

ANYANY

S2 : Configurations

Medi indoor 2x6 900 or 1800

1.63

TRETRE

FAN FAN FAN

CONNECTION AREA

USMA ANC

FAN FAN FAN

TRETRE TRE TRE

FAN FAN FAN

ANC ANC

194 cm

TRE TRE

ANC

TRE TRE

ANC

TRE TRE

ANC

S2 : Configurations

Medi indoor 2x4 900 or 1800 low loss

1.64

TRDHTRDH

FAN FAN FAN

CONNECTION AREA

USMA ANC

FAN FAN FAN

TRDHTRDH TRDH

FAN FAN FAN

ANC ANC

TRDM TRDH TRDM

TRDMTRDH

TRDH

ANC

TRDM

TRDH

TRDH

ANC

TRDM

TRDH

TRDH

ANC

TRDM

S2 : Configurations

Medi indoor 3x3 1800 high power

1.65

TRE TRE TRE TRE

ANC

TRE TRE TRE TRE

ANC

TRE TRE TRE TRE

ANC

194 cm

TRETRE TRE TRE

FAN FAN FAN

CONNECTION AREA

USMA ANC

TRETRE TRE TRE

FAN FAN FAN

TRETRE TRE TRE

FAN FAN FAN

ANC ANC

ANC

2

1 2 1

14

23

2

4 4 11

23 3

ANC 1 and ANC 2 are set to the same sector 1GSM 1800/900

ANC 3 and ANC 4 are set to the same sector 2GSM 1800/900

S2 : Configurations

Medi indoor Multiband 2x(..2/..4)


S3: Preliminary Checks

1.67

3. Preliminary Checks Session presentation

Objective : to be able to descibles preparation for the operation of commissioning

Program : 3.1 At base 3.2 On arrival at the site

Preliminary Checks

1.68

3. Preliminary Checks Session presentation

At Base : Check that prerequite 3.2 On arrival at the site

Preliminary Checks

Documents

training BTS 3.ppt