Toward Service Oriented Librarianship Oren Beit-Arie. Ex Libris Group. NISO Forum: Library Resource Management Systems October 8, 2009 Boston, MA

Toward Service Oriented Librarianship

Oren Beit-Arie. Ex Libris Group.

NISO Forum: Library Resource Management Systems

October 8, 2009 • Boston, MA

© Ex Libris, Ltd., 2009. Proprietary and confidential. 4

Cory’s Yellow Chair. Arthur Ganson | MIT Museum


Meet Kismet – the sociable robot

http://www.ai.mit.edu/projects/humanoid-robotics-group/kismet/kismet.html


Talking points

• Some things we observe

• What does it mean?

• A few examples

• What does it mean?


I will not be talking about


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Trends in the Academy

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/pamela-samuelson/google-book-settlement-10_b_296343.html


http://www.exlibrisgroup.com/category/URM_ResourceCenter


An Interconnected Landscape

“The future of the research library cannot be considered apart from the future of the academy as a whole.”

(No Brief Candle, p. 2)


Trend 1: More Research, More Data

“Improvements in computing and network technologies, digital data capture techniques, and powerful data mining

techniques enable research practices that are highly collaborative, network-based, and data-intensive.”

Rethinking Scholarly Communication, 2004


Trend 2: More Interdisciplinary Activity

“…many contemporary projects require effective federation of both distributed resources (data

and facilities) and distributed, multidisciplinary expertise.”

“The Atkins Report”, 2003


Trend 3: Changes in Scholarly Communication Models

“Future scholarly communication systems should closely resemble—and be intertwined with—the

scholarly endeavor itself, rather than being its after-thought or annex.”

Rethinking Scholarly Communication, 2004

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Trend 4: technology, models

• Computing as a Service (Cloud Computing)

• Open Interfaces (Openness)

• Service Oriented Architectures (SOA)

• Semantic web /

Linked data

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And, Moore’s Law still working…

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Ex Libris interviews: What we heard

• Starting in March 2008 began interviews with libraries and other stake holders globally. They told us:• Meet users needs – provide a single interface for

discovery and delivery of all library/institutional assets • Do more with less by consolidating workflows, uniting

traditional library functions with those of the “digital library”

• Support collaboration to increase productivity, leverage “network effect”,

• Support re-use of metadata

• Build future services with SOA-based interoperability, Network-based (SaaS) deployment option

• Collect and incorporate user-provided data

• Enable new type of services. Expand the reach


It does (will and should) impact (almost) everything we do.

Change is mandatory.


What Does It Mean for Libraries?

“The changes that are occurring—in technology, in research, teaching and

learning—have created a very different context for the missions of academic and

research libraries.”

Daphnée Rentfrow, No Brief Candle, 2008, p. 58


New form of scholarship New form of librarianship?


How To Get There…

“Collaboration can generate savings that the library can allocate to other activities

supporting teaching and research.”

No Brief Candle, 2008, p. 10


Collaborations


Three notes on Collaboration

• Collaborations are key to free up resources and re-direct them to do other (important) things

• Collaborations are much more loosely and dynamically defined and deployed – sometimes ad-hoc…

• Collaborations: libraries-libraries, libraries-users, users-libraries, libraries-institutions, libraries-…


How to get there/ The ‘to-do’ list

1. Change the Framework

2. Leverage the Network

3. Expand the range of services

1.Change the Framework


Technological Evolution in Global Library Market

Linking/ Linking/ Federated Federated

Search/ERMSearch/ERM

Electronic Content

Management

Integrated Integrated Library Library System System

(ILS)(ILS)

Physical Content

Management

Evolution of Needs

Evolution in Libraries Focus Areas and Needs

Digital Content

Management

Digital Digital RepositorieRepositorie

ss

1990s 2000 2002

Millennium

Unicorn 360°III-ERM

ContentDMFedoraDSpace

Aleph

Voyager

DynixGeac-Infor

SFXVerde

WebBridge

Digitool

Metalib


Technological Evolution in Global Library Market

Linking/ Linking/ Federated Federated

Search/ERMSearch/ERM

Electronic Content

Management

Integrated Integrated Library Library System System

(ILS)(ILS)

Physical Content

Management

Evolution of Needs

Evolution in Libraries Focus Areas and Needs

Digital Content

Management

Digital Digital RepositorieRepositorie

ss

User Experience

Decoupled Decoupled InterfaceInterface

1990s 2000 2002 2007

Millennium

Unicorn 360°III-ERM

ContentDMFedoraDSpace

VUFind

EncoreEndeca

A’Browser

Aleph

Voyager

DynixGeac-Infor

SFXVerde

WebBridge

Digitool

Metalib

Primo


How to get there/ The ‘to-do’ list

Turn content-based verticals

(slios) to service-based

horizontals


Integrated Library system

1. definition

2. deployment


Resources

Manage Serve

So, what do we actually do?


The new framework…

URD2

Search: Local, Remote, Deep

Linking UI Recommendations

E-ShelfUser Preferences

Data Services

Metadata Management

KnowledgeBase

Vendor Info

Tags & Reviews

Usage Data

URM

Selection

Acquisition Fulfillment

Patron

Cataloging

Inventory Maintenance

Access Rights

PublicationActivation

And Beyond…

Usage Metrics

…and more

Preservation

URD2

Decoupled Front-end

Single entry point for discovery and delivery

of all material types

URM

Decoupled Back-end

All back-office functionsfor the management of

all materials

Data Services

Value added data used by applications or provided as a service

e.g. CKB, MMS, Primo Central,..

Across Services…

Open (Platform)


For us, URM in 5 bullet points…

A Service (on the Net) All materials & ownership methods:

o Print o Local/Remote Digitalo Preservation ready

Workflows focused Open, modular, extensible:

o Integrated workflows, but can be deployed modularly

Collaborations:o Between librarieso With userso With external system (e.g. material vendors, ERP,..)


How To Get There/ The ‘to-do’ list

1.Change the Framework

• New Standards?

• Best practices, guidelines,… ?


http://www.diglib.org/architectures/ilsdi/DLF_ILS_Discovery_1.1.pdf

DLF ILS Discovery Interface Task Force


With the new framework, we will need new tools

• We will need to develop more methods of interoperability b/w data services and systems:• Kind of like KBART, but extended beyond

published Journals & linking data

• The role of Linked Data


Areas of focus

1.Traditional

2.Transitional

3.Transformational

doing same things differently

doing new things in support of traditional functions

doing entirely new and different things


Traditional: Moving to the Network Level

• The Wisdom of Clouds:

• Move software to a centralized, hosted environment

• Local Deployment options

• New benefits to libraries:

• Lowers Total Cost of Ownership (TCO)

• Allows technical staff to work on new projects

• Enables options for “data-as-a-service”

Network Level

“Web-scale” Software-as-a-Service

Cloud Computing


Traditional:New models of bibliographic control

• Rethinking: “On the Record: Report of the Library of Congress Working Group On the Future of Bibliographic Control” (2008)• A lot about production and supply chain of

bibliographic metadata• Lower costs; increase utility and productivity

• Community-based, network-borne services:• New levels of services• New/emerging: ‡bilbios.net, URM/MMS, Open

Library,..• The potential/promise of Linked Data*:

• lcsh.org• VIAF

(*) “Linked Data = the Semantic Web done right" Tim Berners-Lee


To think/do:

• Need to go beyond the traditional : • More granular items (chapters, ..)• Complex /distributed data (see OAI-ORE)• “New” types: research data, data sets• Do we have the right standards ?

• Shared/Linked Data: Sustainability and operational challenges:• E.g.: deploy batch/bulk processes for

modify/delete notification ?

• “May we please share our records?”

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Traditional - example of network-based services: Aggregated indexes

• New discovery tools: many of them enable indexing of article data

• With availability & affordability of computing resources (e.g. cloud services) we can now realize a really-large shared index• E.g. DADS, Scholars Portal, Primo Central,

Summon, Ebsco Discovery Service, etc.

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To think/do:

• Do we really think there will be one, single index that will do-it-all?

• (no)• Architecture of federation is

still required

• Blend the locals the shareds (and the remotes…)


Areas of focus

1.Traditional

2.Transitional

3.Transformational





Transitional: New Support for Library Tasks

• Leverage the capabilities of a Network deployment to improve support for traditional activities

• For example:

• Collaborative Collection Development• Content Selection• Integration with vendor systems• Collaborative collection development within a

consortium or ad hoc groups• Shared purchasing

• Usage-driven Collection Development

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… The Library of Congress has updated 3,266 records in the Prints & Photographs Catalog, “based on information provided by the Flickr Commons project, 2008” with more to come …

George Oates’ presentation: Into The Wild: Breathing New Life Into Collections.

http://www.slideshare.net/george08/society-of-archivists-presentation

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So, what does it mean?

This is exciting (users as catalogers!)

This is depressing (why don’t they use, for e.g. Primo, for this?)

______________________________________________________________

We must meet the users where they are (URM::DisseminationControl)

We must deploy back-end processes in other than library contexts


Traditional and Transitional

• Create collaboration and partnership opportunities without compromising the library’s local needs and uniqueness

• Focus on the Unique (the institutional)

• …and integrate the Common (global information)

• Collaboration as a means to an end…


Areas of focus

1.Traditional

2.Transitional

3.Transformational





Building a usage-based evaluation of scholarly

communication


Changes in Scholarly Information Services

• Greater focus on content Users create and choices & preferences they make

• User contribution increasingly important• Explicit contribution

• Implicitly – usage data captured by the system (user ‘clickstreams’)


Mining usage data to enhance library services

• Relevance Ranking of search results

• Web Analytics

• Recommender Services

• New metrics for scholarly evaluation


Recommender Services

• BibTip

• LibraryThing

• bX



Project MESUR

http://www.mesur.org


Map of Knowoledge


Long termDigital Preservation




Sustaining the Digital Investment

It’s about

…to enable perpetual access & retrieval…


@ National Library of New Zealand

• Areas of focus:

• Web harvesting

• Special Collections

• Direct deposit from publishers

• Digital legal deposit

• and more…

• >1m objects, +7TB of content

• Focus shifts also to academic/research

institutions, beyond memory and

cultural contexts


Archives – Museums – Libraries

These intersecting communities seem to have more in common than we have accounted for in the past…


e-science/e-scholarship/e-research

Possible Roles?



“.. [data deluge] is forcing historians to become scientists, and scientists to becomes archivists and curators.. “

WSJ Aug 28, 2009: “Data Deluge Swamps Science Historians”



Data curation management & use

“Librarian as a Middleware” (Rick Luce)





New form of scholarship

New form of librarianship?


Possible New Roles and Processes

Bibliographer Acquisitions Expert

Cataloger Reference Librarian

Subject Librarian

Biologist Working on

DNA Sequencing

Metadata Consultant

Su

pp

ort

S

erv

ices

Researc

h

Pro

cess

IT Support

Computer Scientist

Working on DNA

Sequencing

Commercial Interest

Working on DNA

Sequencing

Fulfillment Expert

Preservation ExpertE

nd

-2-e

nd

Serv

ices


Partnership and Services

Publishers

Researchers

The Library

Students

Commercial Players


Partnership and Services

Publishers

Researchers

The Library

Students

Commercial Players


New paradigm of library services

Service Oriented Librarianship(SOL)


Need for Experimentation

“The library will be a laboratory for understanding how a new generation of faculty and students do their work, and

for supporting experimentation and innovation in processes that enhance e-

research across many communities.”No Brief Candle, 2008, p. 8


(must) start todayTra

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How To Get There…

“Greater collaboration among librarians, information technology specialists, and faculty…should be

strongly supported.”

and providers !


Thank You

[email protected]

Documents

Toward Service Oriented Librarianship Oren Beit-Arie. Ex Libris Group. NISO Forum: Library Resource Management Systems October 8, 2009 Boston, MA