Let’s Begin on our first interest

What exactly is_______ Peer to Peer?• Peer-to-peer (P2P) computing or networking is a distributed application architecture that partitions tasks or work loads between peers. Peers are equally privileged, equipotent participants in the application.

• A model of communication where every node in the network acts alike.

• As opposed to the Client-Server model, where one node provides services and other nodes use the services. 

Advantages of P2P.

No central point of failure• E.g., the Internet and the Web do not have a central point of failure.

• Most internet and web services use the client-server model (e.g. HTTP), so a specific service does have a central point of failure.

Scalability• Since every peer is alike, it is possible to add more peers to the system and scale to larger networks.

Few More things About P2P

• A P2P network is often referred to as WORKGROUP in windows is a very simple network.• In P2P network there is no server that is acting as the central

authority.• Instead each PC acts as both server and client.

P2P Topologies

Pure

Hybrid

Centralised

Decentralized Topology

All nodes are of equal ability meaning there are no nodes with special infrastructure that could affect the networkE.g.: Gnutella P2P network

Centralised Topology

Similar to pure P2P network except for the added concept of supernodes.

In peer-to-peer networking, a supernode is any node that also serves as one of that network's relayers and proxy servers, handling data flow and connections for other users.

Peers are chosen to be supernodes automatically if said peer's bandwidth and processing power is sufficientE.g.: Kazaa

Hybrid Topology (Centralised+decentralized)

Infrastructure nodes are allowed to exist and are often a type of central directory server.

All clients connected to the network must connect to 1 of these servers.

The central server maintains a table of registered user connection info.E.g.: Napster P2P network

Applications :•There are many applications of p2p, as of today we can just concentrate the applications of p2p 

on Torrenting.

How Bit Torrent works?Torrents are P2P(Peer to Peer) software compatible files they are used to share files in P2P network environments. For running torrents you need to install a specialized P2P 

software. 

Torrents use a Protocols for transfer of files The Bit-Torrent protocol is one of the most popular and common protocols used by torrent clients 

for sharing of large data files.

Bit Torrent Technology

* The inventor of Bit Torrent is Bram Cohen, an American computer programmer, best known as the author of the peer-to-peer Bit Torrent protocol, as well as the first file sharing program to use the protocol, also known as Bit Torrent

* The Bit Torrent clients main difference from other P2P technologies is that it actively tracks a list of peers that are sharing or downloading a specific file, while other clients work by finding a user with the desired file on their computer. There are four critical elements in a Bit Torrent network

CONTD.

•Bit Torrent has 4 critical elements:

•Let’s see all these elements in detail 

Trackers .torrent file

Seeders Leechers

Critical Elements

What is a tracker?

*  A tracker is a server that assists the communication between   peers(you and other people 

using client) actually it acts like a medium between all the 

peers to communicate. It is mainly used to get information about the peers , and other statistics.. 

CONTD.

What does torrent file contains? 

A torrent file contains urls of 

multiple trackers and 

metadata of the files shared and the tracker. If you just edit a torrent file you will see some 

un-understandable garbage data all 

over the file...This is because the 

torrent files are encoded with 'Bencode'. 

We’ll See a demo of what .Torrent file contains

CONTD.

The concept of Seeders and Leechers 

The seeders are the people that have already downloaded the file (in full or part) and are open for uploading i.e. allow others to download. Leechers are the people those are downloading the file. So, the more the seeders the faster you can download. 

This is how it looks when search on 1337x.to

Current Situation of “TORRENTS”

Piracy!!!!!!!!!

Clones? Whoa!• http://kickasstorrents.to/• http://kat.am/• http://kickass.cd/• http://torrentz2.eu/• https://kat.how/• http://torrentz.ht/• https://1337x.unblockall.xyz/

THANK YOU GUYS FOR THIS WONDERFUL OPPURTUNITY AND STAY

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• Info : Google , YouTube , wiki.• Pics : Google.• Links: * https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C5UWEWcGJgs * https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6PWUCFmOQwQ * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peer-to-peer