Topographical Anatomy of the Back

7/23/2019 Topographical Anatomy of the Back

1/17

Topographical

Anatomy of

the Back -Listed

Alphabeticall

y

Structure/Space Description/Boundaries Significance

external occipitalprotuberance

a bump located in the midline on theposterior surface of the occipital

bone

the medial ends of thesuperior nuchal lines

meet at the external

occipitalprotuberance; the

ligamentum nuchae

attaches here

lumbar triangle a triangle defined by the border ofthe latissimus dorsi m. medially, the

external abdominal oblique m.

laterally and the iliac crestinferiorly; its floor is the internal

abdominal oblique m.

lumbar triangle maybe the site of an

abdominal hernia;

also known as:triangle of Petit

natal cleft midline cleft between the buttocks natal cleft lies

between the gluteusmaximus muscles

paravertebral line an imaginary line located lateral to

the midline on the posterior surface

of the body, parallel to the vertebralcolumn

paravertebral line is

used as a descriptive

landmark

quadrangular space an area on the posterior surface of

the back bounded by the teres minor

m. superiorly, the teres major m.inferiorly, the long head of the

triceps brachii m. medially and thehumerus laterally

the axillary n. and the

posterior circumflex

humeral a. passthrough this space

triangle of auscultation a triangle located below the inferiorangle of the scapula bounded by the

trapeius m. medially, rhomboideus

major m. superiorly and the

latissimus dorsi m. inferiorly; its

triangle ofauscultation is used to

listen to !auscultate"

the lungs because the

stethoscope can be


2/17

floor is the posterior thoracic wall placed close to the

thoracic wall at this

location

triangular interval the interval between the teres majorm. superiorly, long head of the

triceps brachii m. medially and

humerus laterally

the radial n. passesthrough this interval

to get from the axilla

to the posteriorsurface of the

humerus

triangular space the space bounded by the teres

minor m. superiorly, the teres majorm. inferiorly and the long head of

the triceps brachii m. laterally

the circumflex

scapular vessels arelocated in this space

as they pass from the

axilla to the dorsumof the scapula

vertebra prominens the #$ vertebra, so named becauseits spine is easily seen and palpated

vertebra prominens isan easily palpable

landmark whichindicates the level of

transition from

cervical to thoracic

vertebra

vertebral furrow midline furrow down the back surface landmark that

indicates the location

of the vertebral

spines; the erectorspinae muscle masses

lie on either side of it

Topographical

Anatomy of

the Upper

Limb -Listed

Alphabetica

lly



3/17

adductor%interosseous

compartment

a compartment in the hand

bounded on its palmar surface

by the fascia covering adductorpollicis m. and interosseous

mm., and on its dorsal surface

by the interosseous fascia

adductor%interosseous

compartment contains the

metacarpal bones, theadductor pollicis m. and the

palmar & dorsal interosseous

mm.

anterior !flexor"compartment of the arm

compartment bounded at itsposterior extent by the medial

and lateral intermuscular septa

and the humerus; it is boundedanteriorly, laterally and medially

by the brachial fascia

anterior compartment of thearm contains flexor muscles

of the arm !biceps brachii

m., coracobrachialis m.,brachialis m." which are

innervated by the

musculocutaneous nerve

anterior !flexor"compartment of the

forearm

compartment bounded at itsposterior extent by the medial

and lateral intermuscular septa,the radius, the ulna and the

interosseous membrane; it isbounded anteriorly, laterally and

medially by the antebrachial

fascia

anterior compartment of theforearm contains flexor

muscles of the hand!superficially ' pronator

teres, flexor carpi radialis,palmaris longus, flexor carpi

ulnaris; intermediate layer '

flexor digitorumsuperficialis; deep layer '

flexor digitorum profundus,

flexor pollicis longus,pronator quadratus"; it also

contains the median n., ulnar

n. and ulnar a.anterior axillary fold a fold of skin and muscle with

the pectoralis major m. as its

muscular component

axillary tail of the mammarygland courses along the

anterior axillary fold

axilla fat'filled space located lateral to

the thoracic wall and anterior tothe scapula; it is bounded:

superiorly by the clavicle,

scapula and (st rib; inferiorly by

the axillary fascia; anteriorly bythe pectoralis major and minor

mm.; posteriorly by the

subscapularis m.; laterally bythe humerus; medially by the

serratus anterior m. and thoracic

wall

axilla contains the

infraclavicular part of thebrachial plexus !divisions,

cords and terminal

branches", the axillary a. and

v. and the axillary lymphnodes

carpal tunnel an osseofibrous tunnel in thehand formed by the flexor

carpal tunnel contains thetendons of the flexors of the


4/17

retinaculum and the carpal

bones

digits !flexor pollicis longus

m., flexor digitorum

superficialis m. flexordigitorum profundus m." and

the median nerve which may

be compressed in thislocation resulting in carpal

tunnel syndrome

cubital fossa a shallow depression on the

anterior surface of the elbowregion; it is bounded superiorly

by and imaginary line between

the humeral epicondyles,

medially by the lateral border ofthe pronator teres m. and

laterally by the medial border of

the brachioradialis m.

the median cubital v. crosses

this region and is a site forphlebotomy

deltopectoral triangle a triangle in the upper chestregion that is bounded medially

by the clavicle, superiorly by

the deltoid m. and inferiorly bythe pectoralis major m.

deltopectoral triangle ispierced by the cephalic vein

on its course from the upper

limb to join the axillary veinin the axilla

hypothenar compartment compartment in the hand

bounded by the fascia covering

the intrinsic muscles of )th digit

hypothenar compartment

contains the short muscles of

the )th digit: !abductor digitiminimi m., flexor digiti

minimi brevis m., opponensdigiti minimi m."

midpalmar space a space in the palm bounded by:hypothenar fascia medially and

the septum attaching the palmar

aponeurosis to the thirdmetacarpal bone laterally;

palmar aponeurosis superficially

and fascia of the interosseous

mm. deeply

midpalmar space may causeinfections to become

localied in the palm

posterior !extensor"compartment of the arm

compartment bounded at itsanterior extent by the medial

and lateral intermuscular septa

and humerus; it is boundedposteriorly, laterally and

medially by the brachial fascia

posterior compartment of thearm contains the extensor

muscles of the elbow !triceps

brachii m., anconeus m.", theradial n.and the deep

brachial a.

posterior !extensor" compartment bounded at its posterior compartment of the


5/17

compartment of the

forearm

anterior extent by the medial

and lateral intermuscular septa,

the radius, the ulna and theinterosseous membrane; it is

bounded posteriorly, laterally

and medially by the antebrachialfascia

forearm contains extensor

muscles of the hand and

wrist !superficial group 'brachioradialis m., extensor

carpi radialis longus m.,

extensor carpi radialis brevism., extensor digitorum m.,

extensor digiti minimi m.,

extensor carpi ulnaris m.;

deep group ' supinator m.,abductor pollicis longus m.,

extensor pollicis brevis m.,

extensor pollicis longus m.,extensor indicis m."; it

contains the superficial and

deep radial nn., the posterior

interosseous artery and theradial artery

posterior axillary fold a fold of skin and muscle with

the teres major and latissimusdorsi mm. as the muscular

components

the posterior extent of the

floor of the axilla

quadrangular space the space bounded by the teres

minor m. superiorly, the teresmajor m. inferiorly, the long

head of the triceps brachii m.

medially and the humeruslaterally

the axillary n. and the

posterior circumflex humerala. pass through this space

thenar compartment compartment in the hand

bounded by the fascia covering

the intrinsic muscles of the

thumb

thenar compartment contains

the short muscles of the

thumb !abductor pollicis

brevis m., flexor pollicisbrevis m., opponens pollicis

m." and the tendon of the

flexor pollicis longus m.

triangular space the space bounded by the teresminor m. superiorly, the teres

major m. inferiorly and the long

head of the triceps brachii m.laterally

the circumflex scapularvessels are located in this

space as they pass from the

axilla to the dorsum of thescapula


6/17

Topographical

Anatomy of

the Head

!eck - Listed

Alphabeticall

y


carotid triangle boundaries: anterior ' superior belly

of the omohyoid m.; posterior 'sternocleidomastoid m.; superior '

posterior belly of the digastric m.;

the carotid artery

branches here

cervical triangle, anterior boundaries: medial ' midline; lateral' anterior border of thesternocleidomastoid m.; superior '

lower border of the mandible

anterior cervicaltriangle may besubdivided into the

carotid triangle and the

muscular triangle

cervical triangle, posterior boundaries: anterior 'sternocleidomastoid m.; posterior '

trapeius m.; inferior ' middle (%*

of the clavicle

posterior cervicaltriangle may be

subdivided by the

inferior belly of theomohyoid m. to form

an omoclavicular

triangle; the externaljugular vein crosses the

posterior cervical

triangle

cranial fossa, anterior boundaries: anterior ' inner surfaceof the frontal bone; posterior '

posterior edge of the lesser wing of

the sphenoid bone

frontal lobes of thebrain are located within

the anterior cranial

fossa; cranial nerve +

exits the cranial cavityhere

cranial fossa, middle boundaries: anterior ' posterior edgeof the lesser wing of the sphenoid

bone; posterior ' petrous ridge ofthe temporal bone

temporal lobes of thebrain and pituitary

gland are locatedwithin the middle

cranial fossa; cranial

nerves ++, +++, +, and+ exit the cranial


7/17

cavity here

cranial fossa, posterior boundaries: anterior ' petrous ridge

of the temporal bone; posterior '

inner surface of the occipital bone

cerebellum and

brainstem are located

within the posteriorcranial fossa; cranial

nerves ++, +++, +-, -,

-+ and -++ exit thecranial cavity here

infratemporal fossa area medial to the angle of the

mandible bounded above by the

infratemporal surface of the greaterwing of the sphenoid bone,

anteriorly by the alveolar border of

the maxilla, laterally by the ramusof the mandible and deeply by the

lateral pterygoid plate of thesphenoid bone

infratemporal fossa has

the foramen rotundum

and foramen spinosumin its roof; maxillary a.

and its branches are

located here; branchesof the mandibular

division of thetrigeminal nerve !*"

are located here

muscular triangle boundaries: medial ' midline;

superior ' body of the hyoid bone;

superolateral ' superior belly of the

omohyoid m.; inferolateral 'sternocleidomastoid m.

muscular triangle

contains the strap

muscles of the neck;

larynx and thyroidgland lie deep to the

strap muscles

omoclavicular triangle boundaries: superior ' inferior belly

of the omohyoid m.; anterior 'sternocleidomastoid m.; inferior '

middle (%* of the clavicle

the external jugular

vein courses deeplythrough the

omoclavicular triangle

submandibular triangle boundaries: anterior ' anterior belly

of the digastric m.; posterior 'posterior belly of the digastric m.;

superior ' lower border of mandible

submandibular triangle

contains thesubmandibular gland

submental triangle boundaries: lateral ' anterior belly

of the digastric m.; medial 'midline; inferior ' body of the hyoid

bone

submental triangle

contains the submentala. and v.

temporal fossa area on the lateral surface of the

skull bounded above by thetemporal lines, anteriorly by the

frontal and ygomatic bones and

inferiorly by the ygomatic arch; itis bounded deeply by the frontal,

parietal and temporal bones and the

the temporalis m.

nearly fills thetemporal fossa


8/17

greater wing of the sphenoid bone

TopographicalAnatomy of

the Thora" -

Listed

Alphabeticall

y


midaxillary line an imaginary vertical line passing

through the middle of the axilla

used as a surface

landmark for descriptive

purposes

midclavicular line an imaginary vertical line passingthrough the midshaft of the

clavicle

used as a surfacelandmark for descriptive

purposes

nipple located superficial to the th

intercostal space in the male andprepuberal female

location of the left nipple

may be used to helplocate the apex of heart,

which is approximately /

cm from the midline in

the left )th intercostalspace; a surface landmark

used to place thestethoscope for

auscultation of the

bicuspid valve

sternal angle a protrusion on the anteriorthoracic wall at the junction of

the manubrium and body of the

sternum !manubriosternal

symphysis"

sternal angle is thelocation of the attachment

of t the costal cartilage of

the 0nd rib to the

sternum; an imaginaryhoriontal plane through

the sternal angle passes

through the 1%1)intervertebral disc and

marks the inferior

boundary of the superiormediastinum


9/17

suprasternal notch the notch located at the superior

border of the manubrium of the

sternum, between the sternal endsof the clavicles

also known as: jugular

notch

thoracic inlet the opening at the superior end of

the rib cage through which

cervical structures enter thethorax; bounded by the 1(

vertebral body, both of the (st

ribs and their costal cartilages,and the manubrium of the

sternum

thoracic inlet marks the

boundary between the

neck and the superiormediastinum; also known

as: superior thoracic

aperture

thoracic outlet the opening at the inferior end of

the rib cage through whichthoracic structures exit the thorax;

it is bounded by the 1(0 vertebralbody, both (0th ribs, the costal

cartilages of ribs $'(0, and thexiphisternal joint

thoracic outlet is closed

by the respiratorydiaphragm which is

attached at its boundary;also known as: inferior

thoracic aperture

Topographical

Anatomy of

the Abdomen- Listed

Alphabeticall

y


arcuate line anatomical feature on the inner

surface of the abdominal wall;

a fascial line in the transverseplane approximately (%0 of the

distance from the umbilicus tothe pubic symphysis

arcuate line is the point at

which the posterior lamina

of the rectus sheath endsand transversalis fascia lines

the inner surface of therectus abdominis m.

epigastric region an area on the anteriorabdominal wall between the

midclavicular lines, superior to

the transpyloric line

one of 2 regions of theabdomen

hypochondriac region an area on the anterior one of 2 regions of the


10/17

abdominal wall lateral to the

midclavicular line, superior to

the transpyloric line

abdomen; bilateral

hypogastric region an area on the anteriorabdominal wall between the

midclavicular lines, inferior to

the intertubercular line

one of 2 regions of theabdomen; also known as:

pubic region

inguinal region anterior abdominal wall lateralto midclavicular line, inferior to

intertubercular line


iliac region

intercristal line an imaginary line drawn in the

horiontal plane at the uppermargin of the iliac crests

intercristal line locates the

level of the 3 vertebra; auseful landmark in spinal

tap procedure

intertubercular line an imaginary line drawn in thehoriontal plane at the uppermargin of the iliac tubercles

intertubercular line locatesthe level of the 3) vertebra;used with midinguinal and

transpyloric lines to divide

the abdominal wall into 2regions

linea alba anatomical feature on the

midline of the anterior

abdominal wall; an aponeuroticband that extends from the

xiphoid process to the pubic

symphysis;

linea alba is formed by the

combined abdominal

muscle aponeuroses; it isused for midline abdominal

incisions to avoid major

nerves or vessels

lumbar region an area on the anteriorabdominal wall lateral to the

midclavicular line, inferior to

transpyloric line, superior tointertubercular line


lateral region

4c5urney6s point a point on the anterior

abdominal wall which is (%* of

the distance along a line fromthe right anterior superior iliac

spine to the umbilicus

4c5urney6s point is the

approximate location of the

vermiform appendix; pointof tenderness in appendicitis

midaxillary line an imaginary vertical line

passing through the middle ofthe axilla

used as a surface landmark

for descriptive purposes

midclavicular line an imaginary vertical line

passing through the midshaft of

the clavicle

used as a surface landmark

for descriptive purposes


11/17

midinguinal line an imaginary vertical line

passing through the midpoint of

inguinal ligament

used with the transpyloric

and intertubercular lines to

divide the abdomen into 2regions

quadrant, left lower a region on the anterior

abdominal wall defined by the

midline and the transumbilicalline

one of abdominal

quadrants

quadrant, right lower a region on the anterior



one of abdominal

quadrants

quadrant, left upper a region on the anterior


midline and the transumbilical

line

one of abdominal

quadrants

quadrant, right upper a region on the anterior



one of abdominal

quadrants

semilunar line an anatomical feature of the

anterior abdominal wall; the

lateral edge of the rectusabdominis m.

semilunar line is formed by

the fused aponeuroses of the

abdominal wall mm. at thelateral margin of the rectus

sheath

transpyloric line an imaginary horiontal line (%0

of the distance between thejugular notch and the pubic

crest

transpyloric line is used

with the midinguinal andintertubercular lines to

divide the abdominal wall

into 2 regions; the fundus ofthe gall bladder lies at the

intersection of the

transpyloric line with the

right 2th costal cartilage;the pylorus of the stomach

is located at this plane; a

horiontal plane through thetranspyloric line locates the

level of the 3( vertebra

transumbilical line an imaginary horiontal line

through the umbilicus

transumbilical line is used

with the midline to divideabdomen into quadrants

transverse lines anatomical features in the transverse lines are creases


12/17

anterior abdominal wall; folds

in the anterior abdominal wall

!usually *"

that overlie the tendinous

intersections in the rectus

abdominis m.

umbilical region a region on the anteriorabdominal wall between the

midclavicular lines, inferior to

the transpyloric line, superior tothe intertubercular line

one of 2 regions of theabdomen

umbilicus remnant of the attachment of

the umbilical cord to the

anterior abdominal wall

umbilicus marks the

approximate level of the

3*%3 intervertebral disc innon'obese individuals

Topographical

Anatomy of

the #el$is

#erineum -

Listed

Alphabeticall

y


anal triangle posterior subdivision of the diamond'

shaped perineum; its boundaries are:anteriorly ' posterior margin of the

perineal membrane !corresponds to an

imaginary line connecting the ischialtuberosities"; posterolaterally '

sacrotuberous ligament

anal triangle is the

location of theterminal end of the

gastrointestinal tract

!anus"

ischioanal fossa a fat'filled space located lateral to the

anal canal and inferior to the pelvic

diaphragm; its boundaries are:superomedially ' pelvic diaphragm

!anterior recess extends superior to theurogenital diaphragm"; medially '

external anal sphincter muscle and

anal canal; laterally ' obturatorinternus fascia and ischial tuberosity;

posterolaterally ' sacrotuberous

the fat and loose

connective tissue in

the ischioanal fossacompresses to allow

passage of feces;also known as:

ischiorectal fossa


13/17

ligament and gluteus maximus m.;

!posterior recess extends superior to

the gluteus maximus m."

natal cleft midline cleft between the buttocks natal cleft liesbetween the gluteus

maximus muscles

perineum a diamond'shaped space forming the

outlet of the pelvis; its boundaries are:anterolaterally ' inferior pubic ramus,

ischial ramus and ischial tuberosity;

posterolaterally ' sacrotuberousligament

perineum is

subdivided into theanal triangle and

urogenital triangle

by an imaginary lineconnecting the

ischial tuberosities

urogenital triangle anterior subdivision of the diamond'

shaped perineum; its boundaries are:

anterolaterally ' inferior pubic ramus,ischial ramus; posteriorly ' posterior

margin of perineal membrane!corresponds to an imaginary line

connecting the ischial tuberosities"

urogenital triangle is

the location of the

terminal portion ofthe urinary tract and

genital tract

Topographical

Anatomy ofthe Lo%er

Limb -

Listed

Alphabetical

ly


adductor canal a musculo'fascial canal that

contains the large neurovascularbundle of the anterior thigh; its

boundaries are: anterior ' sartoriusm.; lateral ' vastus medialis m.;

posterior ' adductor longus m. and

adductor magnus m.; it beginsproximally at the inferior angle of

the femoral triangle and ends

adductor canal contains

the femoral a. and v., thesaphenous n. and the

nerve to the vastusmedialis m.; also known

as: 7unter6s canal,

subsartorial canal


14/17

distally at the adductor hiatus

adductor hiatus an opening in the tendon of

insertion of the adductor magnus

m.; its boundaries are: medial 'portion of the tendon of adductor

magnus that attaches to the

adductor tubercle, lateral 'insertion of the adductor magnus

into the linea aspera, inferior '

femur

femoral a. and v. pass

through the adductor

hiatus to reach theposterior surface of the

knee, where their name

changes to popliteal a. andv.

anterior compartment, leg a connective tissue compartmentthat contains muscles that

dorsiflex the ankle; its boundaries

are: tibia, fibula, interosseousmembrane, anterior intermuscular

septum

anterior compartment ofthe leg contains the tibialis

anterior m., extensor

hallucis longus m.,extensor digitorum longus

m., fibularis tertius m.; italso contains the anterior

tibial a. and the deepfibular n.; also known as:

extensor compartment of

the leg

anterior compartment,thigh

a connective tissue compartmentthat contains muscles that extend

the knee; its boundaries are:

anterior and lateral ' fascia lata ofthe thigh; posterior ; femur,

medial intermuscular septum andlateral intermuscular septum

anterior compartment ofthe thigh contains the

quadriceps femoris m.and

sartorius m.; also knownas extensor compartment

of the thigh

fascia lata deep fascia forming a tubularinvestment of the thigh

fascia lata is thickenedlaterally to form the

iliotibial tract%band; it is

connected to the femur bythe lateral and medial

intermuscular septa which

divide the thigh into

compartments; 8carpa6sfascia attaches to the

external surface of the

fascia lata inferior to theinguinal ligament

fascia, crural deep fascia forming a tubular

investment of the leg

crural fascia is continuous

with the fascia lata at the

level of the knee; it isconnected to the fibula by


15/17

the anterior and posterior

intermuscular septa; crural

fascia is thickened nearthe ankle to form the

extensor and flexor

retinacula

fascia, gluteal deep fascia covering gluteusmedius m., it extends between the

iliac crest and superolateral border

of the gluteus maximus m.

also known as: glutealaponeurosis

femoral canal a short diverticulum within thefemoral sheath that extends distal

to the inguinal ligament on the

medial side of the femoralvessels; its boundaries are: medial

' lacunar ligament; lateral ' fasciaon the femoral vein; anterior '

inguinal ligament; posterior 'fascia on the pectineus m.

femoral canal is themedial compartment of

the femoral sheath; it

opens into the abdominalcavity superiorly at the

femoral ring; it may be thesite of a femoral hernia;

usually contains a deepinguinal lymph node

!gland of #loquet"

femoral ring opening into the femoral canal; its

boundaries are: medial ' lacunarligament, lateral ' fascia on the

femoral vein, anterior ' inguinal

ligament, posterior ' fascia on thepectineus m.

if a femoral hernia

develops, the herniated gutpasses through the femoral

ring

femoral triangle a musculo'fascial triangle on the

anterior surface of the thigh; its

boundaries are: superior ' inguinalligament, lateral ' sartorius m.,

medial ' medial edge of the

adductor longus m.

femoral triangle contains

the femoral a., v. and n.;

textbooks may disagree onthe medial boundary of

this triangle

7unter6s canal a musculo'fascial canal thatcontains the large neurovascular

bundle of the anterior thigh; its

boundaries are: anterior ' sartorius

m.; lateral ' vastus medialis m.;posterior ' adductor longus m. and

adductor magnus m.; it begins

proximally at the inferior angle ofthe femoral triangle and ends

distally at the adductor hiatus

7unter6s canal contains thefemoral a. and v., the

saphenous n. and the

nerve to the vastus

medialis m.; also knownas: adductor canal,

subsartorial canal

lateral compartment , a connective tissue compartment lateral compartment of the


16/17

thigh that contains the muscles of the

gluteal region; it is located

posterolateral to the hip joint

thigh contains: tensor

fasciae latae m., gluteus

maximus m., gluteusmedius m., gluteus

minimis m., piriformis m.,

superior and inferiorgemellus mm., quadratus

femoris m.; obturator

internus tendon; also

known as: glutealcompartment of the thigh

lateral compartment, leg a connective tissue compartment

that contains the muscles that

evert the ankle joint; itsboundaries are: anterior, lateral

and medial ' crural fascia;

posterior ' anterior and posteriorintermuscular septa, fibula

lateral compartment of the

leg contains: fibularis

longus m., fibularis brevism.; superficial fibular n.;

also known as: evertor

compartment of the leg

medial compartment,

thigh

a connective tissue compartment


adduct the thigh; its boundariesare: anterior ' medial

intermuscular septum; posterior '

fascia between the medial andposterior compartments; medial '

fascial lata; lateral ' femur

medial compartment of

the thigh contains:

pectineus m., adductorlongus m., adductor brevis

m., adductor magnus m.,

gracilis m., obturatorexternus m.; also known

as: adductor compartment

of the thighpopliteal fossa the shallow depression on the

posterior surface of the knee; its

boundaries are: superomedial '

tendons of semimembranosus and

semitendinosus mm.,superolateral ' tendon of biceps

femoris m., inferior ' medial and

lateral heads of the gastrocnemiusm.

popliteal fossa contains:popliteal a. and v. and

their branches; tibial n,

common fibular n.,

popliteus m.

posterior compartment ,

leg



plantar flex the ankle joint; itsboundaries are: anterior ' tibia,

fibula and interosseous

membrane; lateral, medial andposterior ' crural fascia

posterior compartment of

the leg contains:

superficially 'gastrocnemius m., soleus

m., plantaris m.; deeply '

popliteus m., tibialisposterior m., flexor

digitorum longus m.,


17/17

flexor hallucis longus m.;

it also contains the

posterior tibial a. and v.and the tibial n.

posterior compartment,

thigh


that contains the muscles that flex

the knee joint and extend the hipjoint; its boundaries are: anterior '

lateral intermuscular septum,

femur and fascia between themedial and posterior

compartments; lateral, medial and

posterior ' fascia lata

posterior compartment of

the thigh contains:

semimembranosus m.,semitendinosus m., biceps

femoris m.; sciatic nerve;

also known as: hamstringcompartment

saphenous hiatus an opening in the fascia latalocated inferior to the inguinal

ligament and lateral to the pubictubercle

saphenous hiatus is thesite of passage of the

greater saphenous veinwhich joins the femoral

vein; it is closed by thecribriform fascia

subsartorial canal a musculo'fascial canal that

contains the large neurovascular

bundle of the anterior thigh; itsboundaries are: anterior ' sartorius

m.; lateral ' vastus medialis m.;

posterior ' adductor longus m. andadductor magnus m.; it begins

proximally at the inferior angle ofthe femoral triangle and endsdistally at the adductor hiatus

subsartorial canal contains

the femoral a. and v., the

saphenous n. and thenerve to the vastus

medialis m.; also known

as: adductor canal,7unter6s canal

Documents

Topographical Anatomy of the Back