TOD Developer RC

8/8/2019 TOD Developer RC

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Smart Growth / Smart Energy Toolkit Transit-Oriented Development

Transit-Oriented Development

TOD

Transit-Oriented Development

TOD

Smart Growth / Smart Energy Toolkit

Making it Happen


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What is Transit-Oriented

Development (TOD)?

What is Transit-Oriented

Development (TOD)?

Mixed-use, higher

density, pedestrianfriendly developmentwithin walkingdistance of a transit

station.


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Characteristics of Transit-Oriented

Development

Characteristics of Transit-Oriented

Development A mix of uses;

Moderate to high density;

Pedestrian orientation/connectivity; Transportation choices;

Reduced parking;

High

quality design.


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Reasons to Pursue TODReasons to Pursue TOD

Property values near transit stationsincrease faster than other locations;

Lower development costs;

Opportunity for cost sharing;

Create a 24 hour community;

Re-use historic or underutilized sites.


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Supportive Market ConditionsSupportive Market Conditions

Strong regional market; Competitive station area;

Vacant/re-developable land available;

Large parcels in single ownership or easily assembled;

Supportive public policies.

Gloucester TOD


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TOD - Supportive DevelopmentPolicies/Tools

TOD - Supportive DevelopmentPolicies/Tools

Station area plans;

Higher density, mixed use zoning;

Density bonuses; Reduced parking requirements;

Design standards/guidelines;

Pedestrian amenities;

Public investment policies.


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Station area plans considermarket conditions, land use goals,

and development opportunitieswithin to mile of stations tohelp guide development around

transit systems.

Station area plans considermarket conditions, land use goals,

and development opportunitieswithin to mile of stations tohelp guide development around

transit systems.


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Hartford Station Area PlanHartford Station Area Plan

Proposed Busway Station


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Columbus, OH Station PlanColumbus, OH Station Plan


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Station area design guidelines ensure

attractive, high quality station areadevelopment that encourages

pedestrian activity.

Station area design guidelines ensure

attractive, high quality station areadevelopment that encourages

pedestrian activity.


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Concord Center, MA


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Transit-Oriented

Streetscape Improvements

Transit-Oriented

Streetscape Improvements


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Transit-oriented development zoning

districts allow for increased densities,mixed uses, and reduced parking

requirements, thus lower developmentcosts.

Transit-oriented development zoning

districts allow for increased densities,mixed uses, and reduced parking

requirements, thus lower developmentcosts.


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Types of Transit-Oriented DevelopmentTypes of Transit-Oriented Development

Joint development and air rights;

Co-development; Transit-responsive development;

Reinvestment and redevelopment.


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Joint Development and

Air Righ

ts

Joint Development and

Air Righ

ts

Almost always uses station site or airrights;

Transit agency an active partner;

Potential for shared construction;

Operation/Management of station may

be combined.


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Harvard Square Air Rights

Development

Harvard Square Air Rights

Development


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Copley Place, BostonCopley Place, Boston


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Kendall Square Marriott and T Station


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Co-DevelopmentCo-Development

Usually involves sites adjacent to stations ;

Occurs when station is built;

Involves cooperation for mutual benefit; Potential to coordinate design and

construction of development and station.


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Office and Housing DevelopmentAt Alewife Red Line Station


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Office Development AdjacentTo Davis Square Station


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Transit-Responsive DevelopmentTransit-Responsive Development

Located within walking distance ofstation;

Transit enhances viability of existingsites;

Utilizes existing building, vacant sites,or redevelopment sites.


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Examples of Transit-Responsive

Development

Examples of Transit-Responsive

Development

Ballardvale Station, NorthAndover

Canton, MACondominiums at Station

Concord Center - Housing and Retail


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Reinvestment and RedevelopmentReinvestment and Redevelopment

Transit can:

stabilize p

rope

rty value

s;

encourage investment in existingproperties;

lead to increases in property valueswith

modest investment.


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Examples of Reinvestment andRedevelopment

Examples of Reinvestment andRedevelopment

East Cambridge Newton Center

HaverhillEast Cambridge


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Transit Adjacent Development:AMissed Opportunity

New development adjacent totransit, but without connectivity to

or interaction with transit service

Transit Adjacent Development:AMissed Opportunity

New development adjacent totransit, but without connectivity to

or interaction with transit service


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Examples of Transit-Adjacent

Development

Examples of Transit-Adjacent

Development

Beverly Farms Station Re-useNo transit-supportive uses

Jefferson at Salem StationNo pedestrian access


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Financing TODFinancing TOD

Often combines private and publicfinancing;

Market conditions dictate public/privateratio;

Public financing takes many forms, fromsharing infrastructure costs to outrightgrants.


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Federal Financing ToolsFederal Financing Tools

Transportation Enhancements Program (FHWA);

Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality Program(FHWA);

Transportation & Community & SystemPreservation Pilot Program (FTA);

Transportation Infrastructure Finance andInnovation Act of 1998;

Location Efficient Mortgages (Fannie Mae);

Brownfields Program (USEPA).


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State Financing ToolsState Financing Tools

Commercial Area Transit Node Program(DHCD);

TOD Bond Program (OCD);

Off Street Parking Program (ANF);

PublicWorks Economic Development (EOT);

Community Development Action Grants(DHCD);

Urban Brownfields Site Assessment (EOEA);

Priority Development Fund (Planning AssistanceGrants);

Siting of government facilities.


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Local IncentivesLocal Incentives

Transit Overlay Districts with density bonuses;

Tax incentives, including abatements and credits;

Streamlined permitting process;

Flexible parking requirements;

Sale of public land;

Air rights development;

Transit-supportive design guidelines;

Capital improvement plans.


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Local IncentivesLocal Incentives

Station area plans;

Site assemblage;

Land swaps;

Sale/lease of development rights; Provision of infrastructure;

Tax Increment Financing;

Siting of government facilities.


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Concord, MA The Concord Center Station

CASESTUDY

In 1987 the Town prepared a long range plan intended todirect development in Concord. The long range plan identifiedthe Concord Center station as an important node for futurehigher density commercial and residential development.


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Residents, businesses and public officials created the DavisSquare Action Plan in anticipation of a new Red Line heavy railstation in Somerville. The plan led to the establishment of theDavis Square Redevelopment Area, adoption of a Design ReviewOverlay District, and resourceful public financing to create a

vibrant, mixed use urban center focused around the T station.

Somerville, MA The Davis Square Red Line Station

CASESTUDY


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Transit Oriented Development Creating a Sustainable TomorrowTransit Oriented Development Creating a Sustainable Tomorrow


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USEFUL LINKS:USEFUL LINKS:

http://www.nctr.usf.edu/pdf/473-135.pdfNational Center for TransitNational Center for Transit

Research, University of South FloridaResearch, University of South Florida -- Building Transit OrientedBuilding Transit OrientedDevelopment in Established CommunitiesDevelopment in Established Communities

http://gulliver.trb.org/publications/tcrp/tcrp_lrd_12.pdfThe TransitThe TransitCooperative Research ProgramCooperative Research Program -- The Zoning and Real EstateThe Zoning and Real EstateImplications of TransitImplications of Transit--Oriented DevelopmentOriented Development

http://trb.org/news/blurb_detail.asp?id=2594 TransportationTransportationResearch Board of the National AcademiesResearch Board of the National Academies -- The Role of TransitThe Role of Transitinin Creating Livable Metropolitan CommunitiesCreating Livable Metropolitan Communities

http://gulliver.trb.org/publications/tcrp/tcrp_rrd_52.pdf

TransitTransit--Oriented Development and Joint Development in the UnitedOriented Development and Joint Development in the UnitedStates:States: A Literature ReviewA Literature Review


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USEFUL LINKS:USEFUL LINKS:

http://www.apta.com/research/info/briefings/briefing_8.cfmAmerican Public Transportation AssociationAmerican Public Transportation Association -- Transit Resource GuideTransit Resource Guide

http://www.vtpi.org/tdm/tdm45.htm Victoria Transport PolicyVictoria Transport PolicyInstituteInstitute -- Using Public Transit to Create More Accessible and LivableUsing Public Transit to Create More Accessible and LivableNeighborhoodsNeighborhoods

www.crcog.org/publications/CommDevDocs/TCSP/Ch05_Technical_TOD.pdfCapital Region Council of GovernmentsCapital Region Council of Governments --TransitTransit--OrientedOrientedDevelopmentDevelopment Detailed Technical AnalysisDetailed Technical Analysis

www.mrsc.org/Subjects/Transpo/transitdev.aspx

Municipal Research and Services Center for Washington TransitOriented Development - a list of resources

Documents

TOD Developer RC