TM for AC High-Voltage Circuit Breakers … Std C37.04 -1999/Cor 1-2009 (Corrigendum to IEEE Std C37.04-1999) IEEE Standard for Rating Structure for AC High-Voltage Circuit Breakers

IEEE Std C37.04™-1999/Cor 1-2009(Corrigendum to

IEEE Std C37.04-1999)

IEEE Standard for Rating Structurefor AC High-Voltage Circuit Breakers

Corrigendum 1

IEEE Power & Energy Society

Sponsored by theSwitchgear Committee

IEEE3 Park Avenue New York, NY 10016-5997, USA

21 August 2009

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IEEE Std C37.04™-1999/Cor 1-2009 (Corrigendum to

IEEE Std C37.04-1999)

IEEE Standard for Rating Structure for AC High-Voltage Circuit Breakers Corrigendum 1

Sponsor

Switchgear Committee of the IEEE Power & Energy Society

Approved 17 June 2009

IEEE-SA Standards Board


Abstract: This corrigendum corrects technical and other non-editorial errors made during the preparation of IEEE Std C37.04-1999 latest version, third printing 29 November 2005, which covers the rating structure for high-voltage circuit breakers rated over 1000 VAC. This corrigendum includes the corrections made in the errata, as the errata will be removed once this corrigendum is approved. As of the printing of this corrigendum, IEEE Std. C37.04-1999 includes the following: ⎯ IEEE Std C37.04™-1999 latest version, third printing 29 November 2005;

⎯ IEEE Std C37.04a™-2003, Amendment 1: Capacitance Current Switching;

⎯ IEEE Std C37.04b™, Amendment 2: Amendment to Change the Description of Transient Recovery Voltage for Harmonization with IEC 62271-100; and

⎯ this corrigendum, IEEE Std C37.04-1999/Cor 1-2009, which makes technical corrections to the original IEEE Std. C37.04-1999 and includes the corrections published in an errata.

Keywords: circuit breaker

•

The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USA Copyright © 2009 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. All rights reserved. Published 21 August 2009. Printed in the United States of America. IEEE is a registered trademark in the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office, owned by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Incorporated. PDF: ISBN 978-0-7381-6004-8 STD95947 Print: ISBN 978-0-7381-6005-4 STDPD95947 No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher.


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Introduction

This introduction is not part of IEEE Std C37.04-1999/Cor_1-2009, IEEE Standard for Rating Structure for AC High-Voltage Circuit Breakers— Corrigendum 1.

This corrigendum corrects technical and editorial errors printed in the text of the latest published version of IEEE Std C37.04-1999. IEEE Std C37.04a-2003, Amendment 1 “Capacitance Current Switching” to this IEEE Std C37.04-1999 was published on 25 July 2003 as IEEE Std C37.04a-2003. Also, IEEE Std C37.04b-2008, Amendment 2 “To Change the Description of Transient Recovery Voltage for Harmonization with IEC 62271-100” was published on 3 April 2009.

Due to errors and changes in the original Introduction to IEEE C37.04-1999, the entire revised Introduction is given in this corrigendum.

In 1964, consolidated standards for circuit breakers rated on a symmetrical current basis were published to take the place of standards established on the total current basis of rating. The 1999 revision was undertaken to update the standard to reflect today’s circuit breaker technology and application on modern power systems. The revision also continues harmonization with IEC circuit breaker standards, a process that first began in 1951.

IEEE-Std C37.04-1999 makes significant changes in the rating structure for circuit breakers, such as the change of the voltage range factor, K, and the standard duty cycle. With these changes, information needed to properly apply circuit breakers rated in accordance with the 1979 or 1964 editions of IEEE Std C37.04 is eliminated from this new edition. Accordingly, users must refer to the prior editions of the relevant standards (including IEEE Std C37.04, ANSI C37.06, IEEE Std C37.09™, etc.) in order to properly select and apply circuit breakers rated in accordance with the older standards.

NOTE— These older standards are part of the IEEE archives. Contact the IEEE Standards Association for ordering information.

The changes in this standard are explained in the following clause-by-clause summary:

1) Scope— The scope was expanded to clarify the type of circuit breakers specifically covered by this standard.

2) References— A complete updated listing of references is supplied.

3) Definitions— No substantial changes.

4) Service conditions— The usual and unusual service conditions are given. Information given on how to deal with unusual service conditions has been moved to IEEE Std C37.010™-1999.

5) Ratings— The rated voltage range factor, K, defined in earlier versions of IEEE Std C37.04 is commonly recognized as being equal to 1.0 for modern interrupting technologies; consequently, the rating structure has been simplified, because the use of a K factor on 1.0 has effectively eliminated K from the rating structure. The rated permissible tripping delay, Y, has been incorporated in the rated closing, latching, and short-time current carrying capability (5.8.2.3).

5.1 Rated maximum voltage— No major changes.

5.2 Rated power frequency— No major changes.

5.3 Rated continuous current— Changes were made to Table 1 (Limits of temperature and temperature rise for various parts and materials of circuit breakers). This table has been brought into better harmony with IEC.

5.4 Rated dielectric withstand capability— Changes clarify basic dielectric requirements.

iv Copyright © 2009 IEEE. All rights reserved.


5.5 Rated standard operating duty (standard duty cycle)— Changed and expanded to include circuit breakers for rapid reclosing and to coordinate with IEC.

5.6 Rated interrupting time— The definition was clarified and updated for modern circuit breaker performance.

5.7 Contact parting time— This definition was modified to alert users of high-voltage circuit breakers that it may be necessary to add external delay to account for fault deionization times on power systems.

5.8 Rated short-circuit current and related required capabilities

5.8.1 Rated short-circuit current— No major changes.

5.8.2 Related required capabilities— The required asymmetrical interrupting capability for three-phase faults (5.8.2.2) defines the percent dc component based on the standard time constant of 45 ms (corresponding to an X/R of 17 for 60 Hz or 14 for 50 Hz). This replaces the “S-factor” concept used in earlier versions of IEEE Std. C37.04. The rated closing, latching, and short-time current carrying capability (5.8.2.3) incorporates the permissible tripping delay and short-time current into values that coordinate with IEC. The required reclosing capability is referenced to IEEE Std C37.010™-1999.

5.9 Rated transient recovery voltage (TRV)— This subclause of the standard was expanded to provide a detailed explanation of how TRV values are calculated. The first-pole-to-clear factor and transient amplitude factors have been harmonized with IEC in preparation for future harmonization of waveshapes for testing. The shortline fault surge impedance and amplitude constant were harmonized to a single value. The initial TRV was incorporated from IEEE Std C37.04i™-1991.

5.10 Rated operating endurance capabilities— This subclause replaced “Required load current switching capability and life.”

5.11 Rated capacitance current switching— This subclause was replaced by IEEE Std C37.04a-2003, Amendment 1: Capacitance Current Switching. The revised approach to capacitance current switching specified in IEEE Std C37.04a-2003 was developed by a joint IEEE-IEC task force.

5.12 Out-of-phase switching current capability— No major changes.

5.13 Shunt reactor current switching capability— References are made to IEEE Std C37.015™-1993.

5.14 Line closing switching surge factor— Text has been revised to reflect that this is not a rating that is verified by testing.

5.15 Rated control voltage— IEC definitions are incorporated.

5.16 Rated operating pressure for insulation and/or interruption (Pre)— IEC definitions are incorporated.

5.17 Rated operating pressure for mechanical operation (Prm)— IEC definitions are incorporated. 6) Construction

6.1 Outdoor apparatus bushings— References have been updated.

6.2 Creepage distance— References ANSI C37.06-1997 requirements.

6.3 Mechanical loading—This subclause has been updated to reflect individual mechanical loads per IEC.

6.4 Pressurized components— Requirements for non-ceramic pressurized vessels have been added.

v Copyright © 2009 IEEE. All rights reserved.


6.5 Pressurized systems— No major changes.

6.6 Gas and vacuum tightness— Requirements have been added that correlate to IEC.

6.7 Functional components— Basic requirements for circuit breakers have been defined.

6.8 Stored energy requirements for operating mechanisms— Basic requirements for stored energy are established based upon the time to replenish the stored energy after operation.

6.9 Operating mechanism requirements—Establishes trip-free and anti-pump requirements.

6.10 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)— Establishes withstand of secondary systems.

6.11 Requirements for simultaneity of poles— Establishes mechanical requirements in correlation with IEC.

7) Nameplate markings— No major changes.

vi Copyright © 2009 IEEE. All rights reserved.


When IEEE Std C37.04-1999 was balloted, a parallel approval process existed with the Accredited Standards Committee C37 (ASC C37). The members of ASC C37 at the time of approval of IEEE Std C37.04-1999 were not listed in the published version of IEEE Std C37.04-1999. They are listed below to acknowledge the approval of C37.04-1999 by ASC C37.

E. Byron, Chairman A. K. McCabe, Executive Vice-Chairman, HV Standards

J. Scott, Executive Vice-Chairman, LV Standards D. L. Swindler, Executive Vice-Chairman, IEC Activities

M. Calwise, Secretary

Organization Participant

Electric Light and Power Group ..................................................................................................Dave Galicia Joseph L. Keopfinger G. J. Martuscello Yasin Musa E. Worland Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers..........................................................................Ted Burse Keith Gray A. Monroe B. Puckett T.E. Royster R. Garzon (Alt) J.G. Wood (Alt) National Electrical Manufacturers Association............................................................................G. Jones R. William Long Ted Olsen G. Sakats David Stone E. Byron (Alt) International Electrical Testing Association ................................................................................A. Peterson National Electrical Contractions Association...............................................................................D. Harwood Testing Laboratory Group............................................................................................................ P. Notarian E. Roseen Tennessee Valley Authority......................................................................................................... Jeffrey H. Nelson U.S. Dept. of Agriculture. ............................................................................................................H. L. Bowles U.S. Dept. of the Army-Office of the Chief Engineers ................................................................ J.A. Gilson U.S. Dept of the Navy-Naval Construction Battalion Center.......................................................D. L. Mills Technical Liaison.........................................................................................................................W. Laubach C. Wagner

vii Copyright © 2009 IEEE. All rights reserved.


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viii Copyright © 2009 IEEE. All rights reserved.


ix Copyright © 2009 IEEE. All rights reserved.

Participants

At the time this corrigenendum was submitted to the IEEE-SA Standards Board for approval, the Power and Energy Society Working Group had the following membership:

Jeffrey H. Nelson, Chair Georges Montillet, Vice Chair

Roy Alexander Mike Anderson Mauricio Aristizabal R. Paul Barnett W. G. Bergman Stan Billings Anne Bosma Steven D. Brown Ted Burse Glenn Calhoon Chih Chow Michael Crawford Carlos Cruz

Pat Di Lillo Randy Dotson Denis Dufournet Kenneth Edwards Leslie Falkingham Bill Fernihough Tom Field Marcel Fortin Dave Galicia Luther Holloman Rick Jackson Alan Kollar Stephen Lambert Hua Y. Liu

R. William Long Tony Mannarino Neil McCord Peter Meyer Yasin Musa Ted Olsen Tom Pellerito Carl Schneider Devki Sharma R. Kirkland Smith Mel Smith Alan Storms Xi Zhu

The following members of the individual balloting committee voted on this corrigendum. Balloters may have voted for approval, disapproval, or abstention. William J. Ackerman Roy Alexander Mauricio Aristizabal Ali Al Awazi R. Paul Barnett Paul Barnhart W. J. Bergman Steven Bezner Wallace Binder Frank Blalock William Bloethe Anne Bosma Steven D. Brockschink Steven Brown Ted Burse Yunxiang Chen Chih Chow Tommy Cooper Michael Crawford Gary L. Donner Dana Dufield Denis Dufournet Donald Dunn Douglas J. Edwards Kenneth Edwards Gary Engmann C. Erven Leslie Falkingham

Keith Flowers Marcel Fortin Fredric Friend Kenneth Gettman Douglas Giraud Edwin Goodwin Keith Gray Randall Groves Helmut Heiermeier Andrew Jones Tanuj Khandelwal Joseph L. Koepfinger Jim Kulchisky Saumen Kundu Carl Kurinko Chung-Yiu Lam Stephen Lambert Hua Y. Liu R. William Long Federico Lopez Keith Malmedal Frank Mayle William McBride Kenneth Mcclenahan Nigel Mcquin Peter Meyer Georges Montillet Jerry Murphy

Yasin Musa Jeffrey H. Nelson Michael S. Newman Joe Nims Ted Olsen Mirko Palazzo Shawn Patterson David Peelo Iulian Profir Michael Roberts Charles Rogers Roderick Sauls Bartien Sayogo Devki Sharma James E. Smith Jerry Smith R. Kirkland Smith David Stone Paul Sullivan David Tepen Norbert Trapp John Vergis C. Wagner Keith Wallace John Webb James Wilson Larry Yonce Sandeep Zope


When the IEEE-SA Standards Board approved this corrigendum on 17 June 2009, it had the following membership:

Robert M. Grow, Chair Thomas Prevost, Vice Chair Steve M. Mills, Past Chair Judith Gorman, Secretary

John Barr Karen Bartleson Victor Berman Ted Burse Richard DeBlasio Andy Drozd Mark Epstein

Alexander Gelman Jim Hughes Richard H. Hulett Young Kyun Kim Joseph L. Koepfinger* John Kulick

David J. Law Ted Olsen Glenn Parsons Ronald C. Petersen Narayanan Ramachandran Jon Walter Rosdahl Sam Sciacca

*Member Emeritus

Also included are the following nonvoting IEEE-SA Standards Board liaisons:

Howard L. Wolfman, TAB Representative Michael Janezic, NIST Representative Satish Aggarwal, NRC Representative

Michelle D. Turner

IEEE Standards Program Manager, Document Development

Matthew J. Ceglia IEEE Standards Program Manager, Technical Program Development

x Copyright © 2009 IEEE. All rights reserved.


Contents

5. Ratings........................................................................................................................................................ 2 5.14 Rated line Line closing switching surge factor................................................................................. 6 5.15 Rated control voltage......................................................................................................................... 7

6. Construction ............................................................................................................................................... 7 6.9 Operating mechanism requirements .................................................................................................... 7

7. Nameplate markings................................................................................................................................... 7 7.1 Circuit breaker..................................................................................................................................... 7

xi Copyright © 2009 IEEE. All rights reserved.



IEEE Standard for Rating Structure for AC High-Voltage Circuit Breakers Corrigendum 1

NOTE—The editing instructions contained in this corrigendum define how to merge the material contained therein into the existing base standard and its amendments to form the comprehensive standard. The editing instructions are shown in bold italic. Four editing instructions are used: change, delete, insert, and replace. Change is used to make corrections in existing text or tables. The editing instruction specifies the location of the change and describes what is being changed by using strikethrough (to remove old material) and underscore (to add new material). Delete removes existing material. Insert adds new material without disturbing the existing material. Insertions may require renumbering. If so, renumbering instructions are given in the editing instruction. Replace is used to make changes in figures or equations by removing the existing figure or equation and replacing it with a new one. Editorial notes will not be carried over into future editions because the changes will be incorporated into the base standard.

IMPORTANT NOTICE: This standard is not intended to ensure safety, security, health, or environmental protection in all circumstances. Implementers of the standard are responsible for determining appropriate safety, security, environmental, and health practices or regulatory requirements.

This IEEE document is made available for use subject to important notices and legal disclaimers. These notices and disclaimers appear in all publications containing this document and may be found under the heading “Important Notice” or “Important Notices and Disclaimers Concerning IEEE Documents.” They can also be obtained on request from IEEE or viewed at http://standards.ieee.org/IPR/disclaimers.html.

1 Copyright © 2009 IEEE. All rights reserved.


IEEE Std C37.04-1999/Cor 1-2009 IEEE Standard Rating Structure for AC High-Voltage Circuit Breakers

Corrigendum 1

5. Ratings

Change the listing of ratings after the first paragraph as shown:

The rating of a circuit breaker is a designated limit of operating characteristics that is based upon usual service conditions as specified in 4.1. The rating of a circuit breaker shall include the following parameters (for values of preferred ratings of circuit breakers, see ANSI C37.06-1997):

a) Rated maximum voltage (5.1) For operation (5.17);

b) Rated power frequency (5.2) Out of phase switching current (5.12); rated maximum voltage (5.1);

c) Rated continuous current (5.3) Rated power frequency (5.2);

d) Rated dielectric withstand capability (5.4) Rated continuous current (5.3);

e) Rated standard operating duty (standard duty cycle) (5.5) Rated dielectric withstand capability (5.4);

f) Rated interrupting time (5.6) Rated standard operating duty (standard duty cycle) (5.5);

g) Rated short-circuit current (5.8) Rated interrupting time (5.6);

h) Rated transient recovery voltage (TRV) (5.9) Rated short-circuit current (5.8);

i) Rated capacitance current switching (5.11) Rated transient recovery voltage (TRV) (5.9);

(NOTE— Prior to publication of IEEE Std. C37.04a™-2003, definite purpose is an optional rating.) j) Rated control voltage (5.15) 1Rated capacitance current switching (5.11)

(NOTE— Definite purpose is an optional rating.); k) Rated operating pressure for insulation and/or interruption (5.16) Rated control voltage (5.15);

l) Rated operating pressure for mechanical operation (5.17) Rated operating pressure for insulation and/or interruption (5.16);

m) Out-of-phase switching current capability (5.12) (Out-of-phase switching current is an optional rating that may be assigned where applicable) Rated operating pressure for mechanical operation (5.17);

n) Out-of-phase switching current capability (5.12) (Out-of-phase switching current is an optional rating that may be assigned where applicable).

5.3.2.1 Limitations on insulating material

Page 6, NOTES TO TABLE 1, NOTE 5 should be changed to read as shown:

5—The top oil (upper layer) temperature shall not exceed 40 °C rise or 80 °C total. The 5 °C 50 °C and the 90 °C values refer to the hottest spot temperature of parts in contact with oil.

1 Notes in text, tables, and figures are given for information only and do not contain requirements needed to implement the standard.




Corrigendum 1

Page 6, NOTES TO TABLE 1, NOTE 7 should be changed to read as shown:

7— The quality of the coated contacts shall be such that a layer of coating material remains at the contact area:

a) after making and breaking tests (if any);

b) after short-time withstand current tests;

c) after the mechanical endurance test; according to the relevant specifications for each piece of equipment. Otherwise, the contacts shall be regarded as “bare.”

according to the relevant specifications for each piece of equipment. Otherwise, the contacts shall be regarded as “bare.”

5.8.2.2 Required asymmetrical interrupting capability for three-phase faults

Replace Figure 1 with the following:

Percent dc = 100 e(-t / 45)

t = contact parting time in ms

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Elapsed Time (t) from fault initiation to contact part (ms)

% d

c C

ompo

nent

`

Figure 1 —Percent dc component of asymmetric current as a function of contact part time

5.9.1.1 Circuit breakers rated below 100 kV

Change the last sentence in 5.9.1.1 as shown:

The rated time to peak of the 1-cosine wave, E2 T2, varies with circuit breaker rated voltage, as given in ANSI C37.06-1997 and ANSI C37.06.1-1997.




Corrigendum 1


0.0000

0.2000

0.4000

0.6000

0.8000

1.0000

1.2000

1.4000

1.6000

1.8000

2.0000

0 0.5 1 1.5

E2

Volta

ge

0 0

1-cosine TRV Envelope

T2Time

Figure 2 —Exponential-cosine TRV waveform

5.9.1.2 Circuit breakers rated 100 kV and above


0.0

50.0

100.0

150.0

200.0

250.0

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 0

Volta

ge

0

Exponential - Cosine Envelope

E2

E1

T2

R

T1

Time

Figure 3 —TRV envelopes above 100 k




Corrigendum 1

5.9.2.1 Fault currents other than rated


Figure 4 —TRV envelopes 100 kV and below

NOTE—The K factor in the figure above is 1.0 for modern breakers and has been removed from the ratings structure. It remains in this figure for historical purposes.

0. 00 000

0.25000

0.50000

0.75000

1.00000

1.25000

0 .000 0.200 0.400 0.600 0.800 1.000 1.200 1.400

1.0 x E2

Voltage

0

0.07 x I

0

Rated SC 0.30 x I 0.60 x ICurrent, I1.17 x E2

0.4 x T2

1.0 x T2

Time 0.67x T2

T2 / K

1.13 x E2

1.07 x E2

Max SC Current, I x K

E / K 2




Corrigendum 1


0

25

50

75

100

125

150

175

200

225

250

275

0.00 50.00 100.00 150.00 200.00 250.00 300.00 350.00 0

Voltage

0

1.0 x E1

T20.5 x T2

T1 Time

0.07 x I 0.30 x I0.60 x I Rated SC

Current, I

1.0 x E2

1.17 x E2

1.13 x E2

1.07 x E2

0.2 x T2

R 100% I

R 60% I

Figure 5 —TRV envelopes above 100 kV

5.9.2.3 Initial TRV

Change the first definition for Equation 7, Page 17, as shown:

Zb (the bus surge impedance) = 450 Ω 260 Ω (outdoor substations, phase-to-ground faults only):

5.1 4 Rated line Line closing switching surge factor

Change the text in 5.14 as shown:2

The rated line closing switching surge factor is the rated value capability assigned to a circuit breaker rated 362 kV and above (rated maximum voltage), which has been specifically designed to control the line closing switching surge maximum voltage. The rating establishes that the circuit breaker is expected to be capable of controlling line closing switching surge voltages with a 98% probability of not exceeding the

2 The original text in 5.14 was not part of the balloted draft and was added editorially during publishing. In subsequent discussions by the working group it was decided that the line closing switching surge factor should not be listed as a rating because there is not a test to verify the factor, it is a value determined by calculation. Therefore, the clause is re-written and added to the corrigendum.




Corrigendum 1


rated factor when switching the standard reference transmission line from the standard reference power source. Furthermore, all of the line closing switching surge factors shall remain below 1.2 times the rated line closing switching surge factor when switching the standard reference line with the standard reference source (see ANSI C37.06-1997, IEEE Std. C37.09-1999, and IEEE Std. C37.010-1999).

5.15 Rated control voltage

Change the text in 5.15 as shown:

The rated control voltage of a circuit breaker is the designated voltage (as specified by Table 8 9 of ANSI C37.06-1997) measured at the point of user connection to the circuit breaker, including, if necessary, accessories supplied or required by the manufacturer to be installed in series with it. The transient voltage in the entire control circuit, due to the interruption of the control current, shall be limited to 1500 V, peak.

6. Construction

6.9 Operating mechanism requirements

Change the text in 6.9 a) as shown:

a) The circuit breaker operating mechanism(s) shall be designed so that the tripping function shall prevail over the closing function (trip-free function).

7. Nameplate markings

7.1 Circuit breaker

Change the text in, u) 3) of 7.1 as shown:

3) Rated back-to-back cable and isolated back-to-back shunt capacitor bank switching current
