1T.Kobayashi (KEK)

Status of J-PARC Neutrino ProjectStatus of J-PARC Neutrino ProjectT2K (Tokai-to-Kamioka)T2K (Tokai-to-Kamioka)

Takashi Kobayashi(KEK)

NNN05@AussoisApr.8, 2005

Contents1. Introduction of T2K experiment2.Sensitivities3.Status of Construction4.Summary

2T.Kobayashi (KEK)

~1GeV beam(100 of K2K)

Tokai

T2K experimentT2K experiment

Physics goalsDiscovery ofe appearance Precise meas. of disappearancex

Discovery of CP violation (Phase2)

Kamioka

J-PARC0.75MW 50GeV PS

Super-K: 50 ktonWater Cherenkov

Phase2:4 MW ?

Phase2:Hyper-K

3

Long baseline neutrino oscillation experiment from Tokai to Kamioka.

3T.Kobayashi (KEK)

T2K collaborationT2K collaboration

Canada:TRIUMF, U. Alberta, York U., U. Toronto,U. Victoria, U. ReginaChina:IHEP(Inst. Of High Energy Phys.)France:CEA SaclayItaly:U. Roma, U. Bari, U. Napoli, U. PadovaJapan:ICRR, U. Tokyo, KEK, Tohoku U., Hiroshima U., Kyoto U., Kobe U., Osaka City U.,

U. Tokyo, Miyagi U. of EducationKorea:Seoul National U., Chonnam National U., Dongshin U., Kangwon U.,

Kyungpook National U., KyungSang National U.,SungKyunKwan U., Yonsei U.Poland:Warsaw U.Russia:INRSpain: U. Barcelona, U. ValenciaSwitzerland:U. Geneva, ETHUK:RAL, Imperial College London, Queen Mary Westfield College London, U. LiverpoolUSA:UCI, SUNY-SB, U. Rochester, U. Pennsylvania, Boston U., CSU, Duke,

Dominguez Hills, BNL, UCB/LBL, U. Hawaii, ANL, MIT, LSU, LANL, U. Washington

Formed in May 2003 12 countries, 53 institutions

~150 collaborators Spokesperson: K.Nishikawa

2

4T.Kobayashi (KEK)

HadronExperimental Facility

Materials and Life Science

Experimental Facility

Neutrino to Kamiokande

Linac(350m)

3 GeV Synchrotron(25 Hz, 1MW)

Nuclear Transmutation

MW Proton Facility : J-PARCMW Proton Facility : J-PARC

50 GeV Synchrotron(0.75 MW)

J-PARC = Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex

Unique facility3GeV+50GeVMulti-purposes•Materials and life sci.•Nucl. and part. phys.•Nucl. transmutation

Construction2001~2008

5T.Kobayashi (KEK)

Location of JAERI at Tokai-village Location of JAERI at Tokai-village

TOKYO

KEK

JAERI

NARITA

KAMIOKA

Tokai-village

Tsukuba

JAERI=Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute

60km

Narita

Kamioka

Tokyo

KEK

6T.Kobayashi (KEK)

decay pipe

Near detector

TargetStation

-pit280m

130m

3NBT

Neutrino facility in J-PARCNeutrino facility in J-PARCComponentsComponents Primary proton beam line

Normal conducting magnets

Superconducting arc

Proton beam monitors

Target/Horn system

Decay pipe (130m) Cover OA angle 2~3 deg.

Beam dump

muon monitors

Near neutrino detector

Special FeaturesSpecial Features

Superconducting Superconducting combined fucombined fu

nctionnction magnets magnets

Off-axis beamOff-axis beamConstruction: JFY2004~2008

1.Introduction

7T.Kobayashi (KEK)

TargetHornsDecay Pipe

Super-K.

decay Kinematics

OA3°

OA0°OA2°

OA2.5°

Statistics at SK (OAB 2.5 deg, 1 yr, 22.5 kt)

~ 2200 tot ~ 1600 CC e ~0.4% at peak

Quasi Monochromatic Beam x 2~3 intense than NBBTuned at oscillation maximum

Narrow intense beam: Off-axis beamNarrow intense beam: Off-axis beam振動確率＠m2=3x10-3eV2

f

lux

0°

2°

2.5°3°

E (

GeV

)

1

00 2 8

p (GeV/c)5

First Application(ref.: BNL-E889 Proposal)

8T.Kobayashi (KEK)

• Muon monitors @ ~140m– Fast (spill-by-spill) monitoring of

beam direction/intensity• First near detector @280m

– Flux/spectrum/e– intensity/direction

• Second near detector @ ~2km– Almost same E spectrum as for

SK– Water Cherenkov can work

• Far detector @ 295km– Super-Kamiokande (50kt)

1.5km

295km

0.28km

Neutrino spectra at diff. dist

dominant syst. in K2K

p

140m0m 280m 2 km 295 km

Detector complexDetector complexNot approved!

9T.Kobayashi (KEK)

Conceptual Design of Near Detector @ 280mConceptual Design of Near Detector @ 280m

Magnet + Side-MRD

Magnet + Side-MRD

P0D TPC TPC TPCFG

D

Pb-

P0D

EM calorimeter

EM calorimeter

EM

ca

lori

me

ter

Mu

on

ID h

odos

cope

FG

D+

H2O

3m1m

1m

PMT

Iron

Tracker : SciBar type Extruded Scintillator + Wave Length Shifting Fiber

Veto all surface by plastic scintillator (Fibers goes through holes.)

3m

1m

1m

20m

36m

3

2

5m

FGDMRD

~14m

SK

beam

20m

36m

3

2

5m

FGDMRD

~14m

SK

beam

• Off-axis detector spectrumCross sect.e contami.UA1 mag, FGD, T

PC, Ecal,..• On axis detector

Monitor beam dir.Grid layout

On-axis

Off-axisDetectorHole

UA1 mag

10T.Kobayashi (KEK)

Far DetectorsFar Detectors

1st Phase (2009~, ≥5yrs)Super-Kamiokande(22.5kt)

2nd Phase (201x~?)Hyper-Kamiokande(~540kt)

11T.Kobayashi (KEK)

Beam eye

SK

~8km

HK

Candidate site for HK

Decay pipe

Cover this region

Common decay pipe for SK/HK covering Common decay pipe for SK/HK covering 2~3 deg OA angle2~3 deg OA angle

12T.Kobayashi (KEK)

(sin(sin22 2 2))

((mm22))

Sensitivity:Sensitivity: disappearance disappearance

norm (+5%)NQE (+5%)ESK (+1%)beam shape (±20%)beam width (5%)

Stat. error

Stat. only

--68%CL (ln L=0.5)--90%CL (ln L=1.36)--99%CL (ln L=3.32)

Effect of systematic erroron param meas.

Goal(sin22)~0.01

(m2)~<1×10-4

(OA2.5(OA2.5))

Expected precision

13T.Kobayashi (KEK)

Erec(GeV)

Signal+BGSignal+BG

BGBG

0 1 2 30

10

20

30

40

Sensitivity: Sensitivity: ee appearance appearance

ELmP e /27.1sin2sinsin 213

213

223

2

Discovery ofe appearance (,m)

(Pe, e)

E

1010-1-1

CHOOZCHOOZexcludedexcluded

m1

32 (

eV

2)

1010-4-4

1010-3-3

1010-2-2

sin2213

1010-2-21010-3-3 1010-1-1 11

~20~20

W/ 10% error for BG subtraction

sin2213 >0.006(90%) e

p

e

4

OA2o 5years

7

m2 = 3x10-3eV2

sin2213 = 0.1

Assuming sin223=0.5, =0, no matter

14T.Kobayashi (KEK)

33 Sensitivity for CPV in T2K-II Sensitivity for CPV in T2K-II

no BGsignal stat only

(signal+BG) stat only

stat+2%syst.stat+5%syst.

stat+10%syst.

CHOOZ excludedsin2213<0.12@m31

2~3x10-3eV2

T2K 3 discovery

3 CP sensitivity : ||>20o for sin2213>0.01 with 2% syst.

4MW, 540kt2yr for

6~7yr for

sinsin

2sin

4 13

12212

E

mACP

m212=6.9x10-5eV2

m322=2.8x10-3eV2

12=0.59423=/4

T2K-I 90%

15T.Kobayashi (KEK)

Status of R&D, Status of R&D, Design, ConstructionDesign, Construction

16T.Kobayashi (KEK)

January, 2005

17T.Kobayashi (KEK)Jan.28, 2005

Fast extraction part

Fast extraction part

Ring orbit

Fast ext. beam

Decay Volume(excavated)

3NBT

18T.Kobayashi (KEK)

50 GeV SynchrotronConstruction Area B

19T.Kobayashi (KEK)

Superconducting magnetsSuperconducting magnets• 28 combined function magnets in arc par

t– Dipole Field: 2.587 T, Quad. Field: 18.62

T/m– Reduce cost while keeping large accepta

nce– Use common parts with LHC to reduce co

st/risk• First full size prototype completed

– Cooled, current loaded– 7700A (ope. curr. @50GeV + 5%) achiev

ed w/o any spontaneous quenching (Mar.4)

• In FY2005, mass production of magnets will start

T.Ogitsu, T.Nakamoto, et.al.,Cryogenic Sci. Center, KEK

Prototype coils completed by Oct. 2004

Feb.21,2005

ビーム振り下げ

FH1

FQ

1

PD11.92 deg. bend

PC4PQ5 PH3

PC3 PQ3PQ4

PV2PC2 PC1

1.92 deg. bend

PD2PV1

引き出し基準点x=49615028.58, y=69561283.94

ニュートリノ・ビームライン

PQ2A PQ1

PH1PH2

サスペンション型

(20t x 2)クレーン

FV2

FQ4

FV1

FQ3

FH2

FV2

FQ2

20T.Kobayashi (KEK)

Vacuum Vessel from Spain

Shell Welding Completed (Dec21,04)Shell Welding Completed (Dec21,04) Put in vertical cryostat forcooling/current loading test (Feb.21,2005)

21T.Kobayashi (KEK)

Target AreaTarget Area• Target, horns are installed. Filled with Helium gas (reduce Tritium, NOx production)• Highly radio-activated (~1Sv/h, cf ~10Sv@JCO, Dose meter alarm: 0.3mSv/h)

Need remote-controlled maintenance system• Need cooling (Helium vessel, radiation shield,..)

22T.Kobayashi (KEK)

TargetTarget• Carbon Graphite: 30mm(D)x900mm(L), 2 interaction length (70% int.)• Energy deposit: 58kJ/spill (~20kW)• Equivalent stress (T~200K) ~ 7MPa (<Tensile strength of 37MPa)• Cooled at outer surfaceR&D and Design StatusR&D and Design Status• Helium cooling method designed• Prototype of Graphite target made

– Feasibility of machining proved• Radiation damage of Graphite tested

Nakadaira/Ichikawa

Prototype productionPrototype production •Feasibility of machining Graphite tested•Thin (2mm) inner cooling pipe

•Will be used for Helium flow test

23T.Kobayashi (KEK)

1st Horn 2nd Horn 3rd Horn

TargetbeamHorn systemHorn system

Ichikawa, w/U. Colorado

• Focus secondary pions into decay volume• Field shape optimization completed• 320kA pulse current synchronized w/ beam• Made of Aluminum alloy (A6061)

Perfect horn(accept. 180º)

T2K horn

E (GeV)

f

lux Horn On

Horn Off

24T.Kobayashi (KEK)

Inner conductor of the 1st horn

Cooling power test of splay nozzle

Horn design & test statusHorn design & test status

Outer conductor of the 1st horn

One of the designs of Stripline connection

Colorado U w/

Heater imitating Inner conductor

25T.Kobayashi (KEK)

Decay VolumeDecay Volume3NBT (BT bet. 3GeV&MLF) constructed in 2005

Decay Volume ~110m

OA2o

OA3oTarget Station

Dump

6m thick concrete structure

Cross section:2.2m(W)x2.8m(H)

3.0m(W)x4.6m(H)

Cooling channels(Plate coil)

beam

ConstructionStarted in 2004

Tada/Yamada

• Cover Off Axis angle : 2º~3º• Square box shape made with

water cooled iron plates (T<60ºC)• Filled by 1atm Helium gas• Construction started

– Crossing 50m part w/ 3NBT by June 15, 2005

• Remaining part in 2007&2008

26T.Kobayashi (KEK)

Decay pipe constructionDecay pipe construction

Mar.21, 2005

Feb. 9, 2005

27T.Kobayashi (KEK)

Decay volume Apr. 5Decay volume Apr. 5

28T.Kobayashi (KEK)

ScheduleSchedule

Primary Beam TunnelNC mag (Prep. Sect.)1st Util. Build.(NU1)Installation Build.(NC)2nd Util. Build.(NU2)50GeV Beam Comm.SC/FF NC magsCryogenicsIntrlock/Ctrl

Decay Volume ITS (underground)TS buildingTS instrumentationTarget & HornsDecay Volume IIBeam dump CivilBeam dump Instrum.3rd Util. Build.(NU3)280m Hole/build.

280m utility

Sec

onda

ry li

neP

rimar

y lin

e

101 7

Facility Final Design

H214 7 10 1

20062004 2005 2009

7 10 11st yr 2nd yr 3rd yr

14 7 10 44

2008

4 7 10 1Last yr

2007

4 7 10 14th yr

Installaltion

Installaltion

InstallaltionInst./testing

Comm.

Comm.

Installaltion

Inst./Align/Test ope.

Inst./Test ope.

Inst./Test ope.

• Construction takes 5 yrs (2004~2008JFY)• Experiment start in 2009JFY

Now

29T.Kobayashi (KEK)

SummarySummary• T2K Experiment

– High sensitivity superbeam experiment– Narrow, intense beam with Off-axis technique– Physics goals

e appearance: sin2213 > 0.006 (90%CL)

disappearance: (m232)~10-4eV2, (sin2223)~1%

• Search for CPV(phase 2): >~20deg

• Neutrino beam line construction started

• Intensive R&D and design work of beam line components

• Start experiment in 2009

30T.Kobayashi (KEK)

Conceptual Design of 2km detectorConceptual Design of 2km detector

W.Ch.MRD

L.Ar

31T.Kobayashi (KEK)

Development of sensitivity and comparison Development of sensitivity and comparison with other projectswith other projects

Sen

siti

vity

on

sin

2 2 1

3 Excluded by reactore disapp. exp

0.006 in five yr

ICARUS(CERN)

MINOS(FNAL)

K2K excluded(2003)

K2K final sens.? (2005?)

Hig

h se

ns.

Low

sen

s.w/ Design J-PARC Intensityw/ Design J-PARC Intensity

T2K 90%C.L. sensitivity

Beam power is essential to achieve this goal in timeBeam power is essential to achieve this goal in time

32T.Kobayashi (KEK)

2. Recent Activities2. Recent Activities• Construction Started

– Decay Volume (crossing 50m part with 3NBT)

• Intensive R&D and design work for beam line components– SC mag: 1 full size prototype made in house and 1 by company– Prototypes for Graphite target, horn made– And so on. (Later some are introduced.)

• Final detailed design for facility– Aug. 2004 ~ Mar. 2005

• (T2K Collaboration) Meeting in Aug. 2004– Reuse of UA1 magnet for near detector

• Draft budget for JFY2005 (Dec.2005)– Facility: Full– Instruments: Nearlly full

• 9.9 8.15Oku\ (Not reduced, but delayed.)

-TAC: – Dec. 2003: Valuable advices– Next -TAC in Apr. 26-28, 2005

33T.Kobayashi (KEK)

Expected Beam PowerExpected Beam Power

Beam Test

0.2

0.0

MW

1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

JFY2007

平成23年度 平成24年度平成19年度 平成20年度 平成21年度 平成22年度

Usage for Experiments

Usage for Experiments

Usage for Experiment

3 GeVNeutron and Muon Construction

Construction

Construction

KEK PSPower

Completion of200 MeV Linac

400 MeV Linac Construction

200 MeVon Day 1

Expected Beam Power at 3 GeV

400 MeVon Day 1

400 MeV installationin 2008-2010

JFY2008 JFY2009 JFY2010 JFY2011 JFY2012

Completionof T2K

50 GeVNuclear - Particle

T 2 K Experiment

34T.Kobayashi (KEK)

Budget Decision for 2005 (Finance Budget Decision for 2005 (Finance Dept.)Dept.)

1) Phase 1 completion in JFY2007 is barely possible !

2) Need a big increase in JFY2006.

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

KEK

Budget Proposal(December, 2004)

JAERIOku Yen

(Oku = 108)

Neutrino Completion

Budget YearPhase 1 Completion

35T.Kobayashi (KEK)

Budget IssuesBudget Issues

• Funding for the entire JAERI has been decreased.– Yet, a big rise is needed for JFY2005 for timely completion.– Influence came to the JAERI budget reduction in JFY2005 for development

of instruments from 3.4 to 1.2 Oku Yen.• JAERI and JNC will merge together in October, 2005.

– Influence to us is unknown. • Budget for KEK portion of J-PARC.

– Need a further increase in JFY2005.– New proposal from KEK to MEXT for the “cost associated with the

movement to Tokai” was approved, starting from JFY2005. (6.6 Oku Yen for JFY2005. An increased funding for JFY2006 and JFY2007 is expected.)

• Other Funding Source(s).– Ibaraki Prefecture decided to contribute to J-PARC by preparing 24 Oku

Yen. Primary interest: 2 neutron beam lines for industrial usage.• Shortage in Budget.

– Experimental devices: Little funds.– Research buildings, lodging, assembly areas, etc.: No funds.– No contingencies in Japan: Possible overrun (could be the next IAC issue).

36T.Kobayashi (KEK)

ビーム振り下げ

FH1

FQ

1

1.92 deg. bend

1.92 deg. bend

引き出し基準点x=49615028.58, y=69561283.94

ニュートリノ・ビームライン

PQ2A

FV2

FQ4

FV1

FQ3

FH2

FV2

FQ2

Primary beam linePrimary beam line

Preparation sectionNormal conducting

750W loss

Arc Section (R=105m)SuperconductingSuperconducting combined functioncombined function magnets

•First application in the world•Reduce cost comp. w/ separated function•Larger acceptance•1W/m loss

Final Focusing SectionNormal conducting

250W loss

• Single turn fast extraction• 8 bunches/~5s• 3.3x1014proton/pulse• 3.53 sec cycle =6 mm.mr, p/p=0.31% @50

GeV • Total bending = 84.5o

1.Introduction

37T.Kobayashi (KEK)

Sensitivity for Mixing AngleSensitivity for Mixing Angle

sin2213~0.006 (90%)

Background systematic error required to be ~ less than 10%

0.5xsin2213

sin2213~0.018 (3)

38T.Kobayashi (KEK)

/ / CC interaction spectrum for CPV meas. CC interaction spectrum for CPV meas.

Wrong sign BG(x10 case)

cross sectiondifference

NC

C(/

100M

eV/2

2.5k

t/ye

ar)

: 2 years: 6.8 years

39T.Kobayashi (KEK)

sin2213=0.02

Very PreliminaryExpected signal and BG (SK full sim)Expected signal and BG (SK full sim)

signal background

=0 =/2 total e e

e 536 229 913 370 66 450 26

e 536 790 1782 399 657 297 430

m212=6.9x10-5eV2

m322=2.8x10-3eV2

12=0.59423=/413=0.05 (sin2213=0.01)

:2yr, :6.8yr4MW0.54Mt