Tishreen University Journal for Research and Scientific ... · Dr. Issam Mohamad (Received ٩ / ١٢ / ٢٠٠٧. Accepted ١٨/٥/٢٠٠٨) ... C CV RSD µg/l ... Kiribati and New

٣٥

Tishreen University Journal for Research and Scientific Studies - Basic Sciences Series Vol. ( ) No. ( )

��

Pb, Cu, Cr, Cd

AAS

APDC-CHCl

ETA-AAS

µg/l

µg/lµg/l

Pb, Cu, Cr, Cd

٣٦

Tishreen University Journal for Research and Scientific Studies - Basic Sciences Series Vol. ( ) No. ( )

Investigating the Status of Effluent Water Pollution with Traces of Heavy Metals in Lattakia

Dr. Issam Mohamad

(Received ٢٠٠٧ / ١٢ / ٩. Accepted ١٨/٥/٢٠٠٨)

� ABSTRACT �

This study deals with identifying some traces heavy metals (Pb, Cu, Cr, Cd) in the

effluent water of three sites in the southern region of Lattakia in the spring and summer of

. This research uses the (ETA-AAS) technique in determining the traces of heavy

metal elements mentioned above using the following extraction method (APDC-CHCl )

for water samples. This paper has shown a higher concentration of Pb-element

( µg/l) in all studied sites compared with the concentration of other elements.

However, Cr and Cd have recorded low concentrations ranged between ( µg/l)

and ( µg/l), respectively. The statistical study has demonstrated that there is a

correlation varying from positive high to positive low, and sometimes to negative highs and lows. This gives a clear indication that the increasing or decreasing ratios in the concentration of the studied elements in effluent water is very closely related to the pollution resulting from different sources of human activity.

* Professor, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

Sciences Series. Tishreen University Journal. Bas ٢٠٠٨) ٢(د العد) ٣٠( العلوم األساسیة المجلد مجلة جامعة تشرین

٣٧

Keywords: Water effluents from the southern region (Lattakia city), Determination of

Pb, Cu, Cr, Cd) elements, Atomic absorption spectrometer, ETA-AAS.

g/mlCu, Fe, Zn

Cd, Pb

٣٨

µg/g

Atomic Absorption Spectrometry AAS

Pb, Cu, Cr, Cd

Varian Spectra AA

ETA-AAS

MIBK

CHCl

APDC

Merk, Superpure g/l


٣٩

ml

-ml, ml

AAS

ETA-AAS

Cd, Pb, Cu, Cr

Varian Spectra AA

(nm) (mA) (nm) (sec)

Cd Argon

Pb Argon

Cu Argon

Cr Argon

Varian Spectra AA

Csecl/min

Ramp

Ramp

StepGas stop

Cd

Step

Ramp

Ramp

StepGas stop

Pb

Step

Ramp

Ramp

StepGas stop

Cu

Step

Ramp

٤٠

Ramp

StepGas stop

Cr

Step

A, B, C

APDC-CHCl

ETA-AAS

pH=ml

mlAPDCml

ml

ml ETA-AAS


٤١

pH=ml

St

StStSt

Pb, Cu, Cr, Cd

٤٢

, , , , , ,

µg/l.

Aµg/l

RSD CV* Bµg/l

RSD CVC µg/l

RSD CV

/

:* var 100CV coefficientof iation Sd x


٤٣

تركیز عنصر الرصاص (µg/l) في عینات میاه الصرف الصحي التي تم اعتیانھا من المواقع المدروسة

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

ABC مواقع االعتیان

(µg

/l)

یزرك

لتا

4/1/2005

5/1/2005

6/1/2005

7/1/2005

7/15/2005

8/1/2005

8/15/2005

8/30/2005

µg/l

µg/l

Aµg/l

RSD CV Bµg/l

RSD CV C µg/l

RSD CV

٤٤

تركیز عنصر النحاس (µg/l) في عینات میاه الصرف الصحي التي تم اعتیانھا من المواقـع المدروسـة

0

5

10

15

20

25

ABC المواقع المدروسة

(µg

/l) یز

ركالت

4/1/2005

5/1/2005

6/1/2005

7/1/2005

7/15/2005

8/1/2005

8/15/2005

8/30/2005

µg/l

µg/l

Aµg/l

RSD CV Bµg/l

RSD CV C µg/l

RSD CV


٤٥

تركیز عنصرالكروم (µg/l) في عینات میاه الصرف الصحي التي تم اعتیانھا من المواقع المدروسة

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9


(µg

/l)

یزرك

الت

01/04/2005

01/05/2005

01/06/2005

01/07/2005

15/07/2005

01/08/2005

15/08/2005

30/08/2005

µg/l

µg/l

Aµg/l

RSD CV Bµg/l

RSD CV C µg/l

RSD CV

٤٦

تركیز عنصرالكادمیوم (µg/l) في عینات میاه الصرف الصحي التي تم اعتیانھا من المواقـع المدروسـة

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3


(µg

/l)

یزرك

لتا

01/04/2005

01/05/2005

01/06/2005

01/07/2005

15/07/2005

01/08/2005

15/08/2005

30/08/2005

µg/l

Pb, Cu, Cr, Cd

, , ,

, , , µg/l

C

AB

µg/lµg/l µg/l Bµg/l

Aµg/lµg/l

Bµg/lµg/lµg/l


٤٧

Cµg/lµg/l

/

µg/lAµg/lB

µg/l

C

µg/lAµg/lB

µg/lC

µg/lµg/lµg/lABC

µg/lA

µg/lBµg/lC

Pb-APb-B Pb-C Cu-A Cu-B Cu-C Cr-A Cr-B Cr-C Cd-A Cd-B Cd-C

Pb-A

Pb-B

Pb-C(**)

Cu-A

Cu-B (**)

Cu-C (**)(**)

Cr-A

Cr-B (*) (*)(*)

Cr-C (*)(*)(**)

Cd-A (**)(**)(**)

Cd-B (*)(*)(**)(**)

٤٨

Cd-C (**) (**)(**)(*)(**)

* ChP=

**ChP=

الخط البیاني موضحا علیھ عالقات االرتباط

y = 1.2037x - 0.7347

R2 = 0.99440

10

20

30

40

50

0 10 20 30 40Pb-C

Pb

-B


y = 0.0054x + 0.1311

R2 = 0.53180

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0 20 40 60Pb-C

Cr-

B


y = 1.7443x - 2.2509

R2 = 0.96750

5

10

15

20

25

0 5 10 15 20Cu-A

Cu

-B

الخط البیاني موضحا علیھ عالق�ات االرتب�اط

y = 0.0839x + 0.9009

R2 = 0.7983

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

0 5 10 15 20Cu-A

Cd

-A


y = 0.7033x + 0.8699

R2 = 0.735

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

0 5 10 15 20Cu-A

Cu

-C

الخط البیاني موضحا علیھ عالقات االرتب��اط

y = 0.3926x + 1.8528

R2 = 0.7202

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

0 10 20 30Cu-B

Cu

-C


٤٩


y = 24.555x - 1.074

R2 = 0.6606

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

0 0.2 0.4 0.6Cr-B

Cu

-C


y = 2.5154x + 0.7052

R2 = 0.74890

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

0 0.2 0.4 0.6Cr-B

Cd

-B


y = 1.9443x - 0.157

R2 = 0.84720

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

0 0.2 0.4 0.6Cr-B

Cr-

C


y = 3.9594x + 0.5044

R2 = 0.7150

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

0 0.2 0.4 0.6Cr-B

Cd

-C


y = 0.5238x + 0.132

R2 = 0.5301

00.05

0.10.15

0.2

0.25

0.30.35

0.4

0.45

0 0.2 0.4 0.6Cr-B

Cr-

A


y = 1.9592x + 0.847

R2 = 0.7811

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

0 0.5 1Cr-C

Cd

-C

الخط البیاني موضحا علیھ عالق�ات االرتب�اط

y = 1.1091x - 0.0722

R2 = 0.6705

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

0 1 2 3Cd-A

Cd

-C


y = 0.6767x - 0.5779

R2 = 0.8670

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5Cd-B

Cr-

C

٥٠


y = 1.5136x - 0.5275

R2 = 0.88270

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5Cd-B

Cd

-C

الخط البیاني موضحا علیھ عالقات االرتب��اط

y = 0.0486x + 1.0057

R2 = 0.842

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

0 10 20 30Cu-B

Cd

-A


y = 0.1779x + 0.0242

R2 = 0.5168

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5Cd-B

Cr-

A


y = 0.0974x + 0.8986

R2 = 0.72410

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

0 5 10 15Cu-C

Cd

-A


y = 0.058x + 0.0262

R2 = 0.6882

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.70.8

0.9

0 5 10 15Cu-C

Cr-

C

B

CAB

R= , A

ABA

BCC

BBC

R= , , , ,


٥١

CAB

B

R>R<

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Documents

Tishreen University Journal for Research and Scientific ... · Dr. Issam Mohamad (Received ٩ / ١٢ / ٢٠٠٧. Accepted ١٨/٥/٢٠٠٨) ... C CV RSD µg/l ... Kiribati and New