Thurgood MarshallThurgood Marshall

By: Aldo Perez & Sacramento BucioBy: Aldo Perez & Sacramento Bucio

IntroductionIntroduction

To start off Thurgood Marshall as you may To start off Thurgood Marshall as you may know, was the first African-American to be know, was the first African-American to be in the U.S Supreme Court. Not only that he in the U.S Supreme Court. Not only that he was an elite lawyer that won many of his was an elite lawyer that won many of his argued cases. Also he worked in the Civil argued cases. Also he worked in the Civil Rights Movement to argue the famous case Rights Movement to argue the famous case of Brown v. Board of Education. Here is a of Brown v. Board of Education. Here is a presentation of his life and his long and presentation of his life and his long and honored career.honored career.

Early YearsEarly Years

Thurgood Marshall was born in Baltimore, Thurgood Marshall was born in Baltimore, Maryland on July 2, 1908Maryland on July 2, 1908

His father William Marshall, instilled in him His father William Marshall, instilled in him from youth an appreciation for the U.S from youth an appreciation for the U.S Constitution and the rule of law.Constitution and the rule of law.

When he was in the 2When he was in the 2ndnd grade he thought grade he thought

that his original name Thoroughgoodthat his original name Thoroughgood was was too long and shortened it to Thurgoodtoo long and shortened it to Thurgood

As a child, he was punished for his school As a child, he was punished for his school misbehavior by being forced to write misbehavior by being forced to write copies of the constitution, later it got his copies of the constitution, later it got his interest in the document.interest in the document.

EducationEducation

Marshall graduated from Marshall graduated from Frederick Douglass high Frederick Douglass high school in 1926.school in 1926.

Then from Lincoln Then from Lincoln University in Pennsylvania University in Pennsylvania in 1930.in 1930.

Marshall applied to his Marshall applied to his hometown law school hometown law school University of Maryland, University of Maryland, but the school did not but the school did not accept him because of the accept him because of the segregation policy.segregation policy.

Law CareerLaw Career

Marshall received his Marshall received his law degree from the law degree from the Howard University Howard University School of Law in 1933.School of Law in 1933.

The following year he The following year he started to work with the started to work with the Baltimore Baltimore NAACP.NAACP.

He then won 2 civil He then won 2 civil rights cases like rights cases like Murray v. PearsonMurray v. Pearson and and Plessy v. FergusonPlessy v. Ferguson

Chief Council of NAACPChief Council of NAACP

His first Supreme Court case was His first Supreme Court case was Chambers v. Florida in 1940.Chambers v. Florida in 1940.

Appointed as chief he had many cases like Appointed as chief he had many cases like Smith v. Allwright, Shelley v. Kraemer, Smith v. Allwright, Shelley v. Kraemer, Sweatt v. Painter and McLaurin v. Sweatt v. Painter and McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents.Oklahoma State Regents.

In total he won 29 out of 32 cases as a In total he won 29 out of 32 cases as a lawyer.lawyer.

Brown v. Board Of EducationBrown v. Board Of Education

One of Marshall’s most popular cases was One of Marshall’s most popular cases was Board v. Board Board v. Board of Education of Topeka.of Education of Topeka.

The case in which the Supreme Court ruled that “separate The case in which the Supreme Court ruled that “separate but equal” public education was unconstitutional because it but equal” public education was unconstitutional because it could never be equal.could never be equal.

Marshall argued that school segregation was a violation of Marshall argued that school segregation was a violation of individual right under the 14individual right under the 14thth Amendment. Amendment.

Then on May 17, 1954, chief justice Earl Warren, delivered Then on May 17, 1954, chief justice Earl Warren, delivered the unanimous ruling: “We conclude that, in the field of the unanimous ruling: “We conclude that, in the field of public education, the doctrine of 'separate but equal' has public education, the doctrine of 'separate but equal' has no place. Separate educational facilities are inherently no place. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal." unequal."

After that the Supreme Court reached it’s decision to have After that the Supreme Court reached it’s decision to have school desegregated.school desegregated.

U.S Supreme CourtU.S Supreme Court On June 13, 1967, President Johnson On June 13, 1967, President Johnson

appointed Thurgood Marshall to the appointed Thurgood Marshall to the Supreme court following the retirement Supreme court following the retirement of John C. Clark.of John C. Clark.

Marshall was confirmed as an Marshall was confirmed as an Associate Justice by a Senate vote 69-Associate Justice by a Senate vote 69-11 on August 31, 1967.11 on August 31, 1967.

He was the 96He was the 96thth person to hold the person to hold the position in the Supreme Court.position in the Supreme Court.

Also he was the first African-American Also he was the first African-American appointed to the U.S Supreme Court.appointed to the U.S Supreme Court.

Marshall then served 24 years, Marshall then served 24 years, compiling a liberal record that included compiling a liberal record that included strong support for Constitutional strong support for Constitutional protection of individual rights, protection of individual rights, especially the rights of criminal especially the rights of criminal suspects against the government. suspects against the government.

Death and LegacyDeath and Legacy

On January 24On January 24thth, 1993 Thurgood Marshall died of heart , 1993 Thurgood Marshall died of heart failure at the age of 84. He died at the failure at the age of 84. He died at the National Naval National Naval Medical CenterMedical Center in Bethesda, Maryland. in Bethesda, Maryland.

He was buried in Arlington National Cemetery.He was buried in Arlington National Cemetery. Marshall left all his personal papers and notes to the Marshall left all his personal papers and notes to the

Library of Congress.Library of Congress.

TimelineTimelineThurgood Marshall

Is Born July 2nd, 1908

1930- Marshall Graduates with honors from Lincoln University

1934- Marshall receives his degree of law fromHoward University School of Law

1946- Receives a medal from the NAACP

1954- Marshall wins the Brown v. Board of Education case

1967- Marshall becomes the first African-American elevatedto the U.S Supreme Court.

1993- Marshall dies at the age of 84 in Bethesda, Maryland

BibliographyBibliography

CHNM- CHNM- http://chnm.gmu.edu/courses/122/hill/marshall.htmhttp://chnm.gmu.edu/courses/122/hill/marshall.htm

Thurgood Marshall- Thurgood Marshall- http://www.thurgoodmarshall.com/home.htmhttp://www.thurgoodmarshall.com/home.htm

Landmark Cases- Landmark Cases- http://www.landmarkcases.org/brown/marshall.htmhttp://www.landmarkcases.org/brown/marshall.htmll

Info Please- Info Please- http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/people/A0831961.http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/people/A0831961.htmlhtml

The EndThe End

This is the end of my presentation. I This is the end of my presentation. I hope that you very much enjoyed it hope that you very much enjoyed it and learned a lot about Marshall’s life and learned a lot about Marshall’s life and career.and career.