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Thomas Hobbes. British (1588-1679) Leviathan (1654) State of nature: “ Life is solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short. ”. John Locke. British (1632-1704) Social contract theory Man is reasoned and tolerant. Jean Jaques Rousseau. Swiss political philosopher - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Thomas Hobbes
• British (1588-1679)• Leviathan (1654)• State of nature:
“Life is solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short.”
Jean Jaques Rousseau
• Swiss political philosopher
• Father of the French Revolution
• The Social Contract (1762)
• “Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains”
Thomas Hobbes• Man is inherently evil • Social Contract
1. People forego their right to everything
2. Agree to transfer their rights to one person --sovereign
• As long as the state provides peace the citizens MUST be loyal—do not have the right to resist the sovereign
John Locke
• All humans have the right to life, liberty, and property
• State is responsible for securing natural rights
• Citizens must be protected from the misuse of state power– Separation of powers– Legislative, Judicial, Executive
• Citizens can relieve officials from office if they violate the trust placed in them by the people
Jean Jacques Rousseau• Citizens should have a positive
claim to property
– Society’s property should be distributed equally
• Main concern is the freedom of the people
• Two conditions of government:
• All people treated equally in contract
• Must ensure differing interests do not exist by making sure everyone has the same amount of property
WHO SAID IT??
• I believe that the natural state is "a condition of war of everyone against everyone."
WHO SAID IT??
• I believe people have the right to change the government if it doesn't best serve the people.