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Appendix 2PROPERTY TABLES AND CHARTS (ENGLISH UNITS)Table A1E
Table A2E Table A3E Table A4E Table A5E Table A6E Table A7E Table
A8E Figure A9E Figure A10E Table A11E Table A12E Table A13E Figure
A14EMolar mass, gas constant, and critical-point properties
Ideal-gas specific heats of various common gases Properties of
common liquids, solids, and foods Saturated waterTemperature table
Saturated waterPressure table Superheated water Compressed liquid
water Saturated icewater vapor T-s diagram for water Mollier
diagram for water Saturated refrigerant-134a Temperature table
Saturated refrigerant-134aPressure table Superheated
refrigerant-134a P-h diagram for refrigerant-134a
Table A16E Properties of the atmosphere at high altitude Table
A17E Ideal-gas properties of air Table A18E Ideal-gas properties of
nitrogen, N2 Table A19E Ideal-gas properties of oxygen, O2 Table
A20E Ideal-gas properties of carbon dioxide, CO2 Table A21E
Ideal-gas properties of carbon monoxide, CO Table A22E Ideal-gas
properties of hydrogen, H2 Table A23E Ideal-gas properties of water
vapor, H2O Table A26E Enthalpy of formation, Gibbs function of
formation, and absolute entropy at 77C, 1 atm Table A27E Properties
of some common fuels and hydrocarbons Figure A31E Psychrometric
chart at 1 atm total pressure
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Thermodynamics
TABLE A1EMolar mass, gas constant, and critical-point properties
Molar mass, M lbm/lbmol 28.97 17.03 39.948 78.115 159.808 58.124
44.01 28.011 153.82 70.906 119.38 120.91 102.92 30.020 46.07 28.054
4.003 86.178 2.016 83.80 16.043 32.042 50.488 20.183 28.013 44.013
31.999 44.097 42.081 64.063 102.03 137.37 18.015 131.30 Gas
constant, R Btu/ lbm R* 0.06855 0.1166 0.04971 0.02542 0.01243
0.03417 0.04513 0.07090 0.01291 0.02801 0.01664 0.01643 0.01930
0.06616 0.04311 0.07079 0.4961 0.02305 0.9851 0.02370 0.1238
0.06198 0.03934 0.09840 0.07090 0.04512 0.06206 0.04504 0.04719
0.03100 0.01946 0.01446 0.1102 0.01513 psia ft3/ lbm R* 0.3704
0.6301 0.2686 0.1374 0.06714 0.1846 0.2438 0.3831 0.06976 0.1517
0.08988 0.08874 0.1043 0.3574 0.2329 0.3825 2.6809 0.1245 5.3224
0.1280 0.6688 0.3349 0.2125 0.5316 0.3830 0.2438 0.3353 0.2433
0.2550 1.1675 0.1052 0.07811 0.5956 0.08172 Critical-point
properties Temperature, R 238.5 729.8 272 1012 1052 765.2 547.5 240
1001.5 751 965.8 692.4 813.0 549.8 929.0 508.3 9.5 914.2 59.9 376.9
343.9 923.7 749.3 80.1 227.1 557.4 278.6 665.9 656.9 775.2 673.6
848.1 1164.8 521.55 Pressure, psia 547 1636 705 714 1500 551 1071
507 661 1120 794 582 749 708 926 742 33.2 439 188.1 798 673 1154
968 395 492 1054 736 617 670 1143 588.7 635 3200 852 Volume,
ft3/lbmol 1.41 1.16 1.20 4.17 2.17 4.08 1.51 1.49 4.42 1.99 3.85
3.49 3.16 2.37 2.68 1.99 0.926 5.89 1.04 1.48 1.59 1.89 2.29 0.668
1.44 1.54 1.25 3.20 2.90 1.95 3.19 3.97 0.90 1.90
Substance Air Ammonia Argon Benzene Bromine n-Butane Carbon
dioxide Carbon monoxide Carbon tetrachloride Chlorine Chloroform
Dichlorodifluoromethane (R-12) Dichlorofluoromethane (R-21) Ethane
Ethyl alcohol Ethylene Helium n-Hexane Hydrogen (normal) Krypton
Methane Methyl alcohol Methyl chloride Neon Nitrogen Nitrous oxide
Oxygen Propane Propylene Sulfur dioxide Tetrafluoroethane (R-134a)
Trichlorofluoromethane (R-11) Water Xenon*Calculated from R Ru /M,
where Ru
Formula NH3 Ar C6H6 Br2 C4H10 CO2 CO CCl4 Cl2 CHCl3 CCl2F2
CHCl2F C2H6 C2H5OH C2H4 He C6H14 H2 Kr CH4 CH3OH CH3Cl Ne N2 N2O O2
C3H8 C3H6 SO2 CF3CH2F CCl3F H2O Xe
1.98588 Btu/lbmol R
10.7316 psia ft3/lbmol R and M is the molar mass.
Source: K. A. Kobe and R. E. Lynn, Jr., Chemical Review 52
(1953), pp. 117236, and ASHRAE, Handbook of Fundamentals (Atlanta,
GA: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and
Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc., 1993), pp. 16.4 and 36.1.
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Appendix 2 TABLE A2EIdeal-gas specific heats of various common
gases (a) At 80F Gas Air Argon Butane Carbon dioxide Carbon
monoxide Ethane Ethylene Helium Hydrogen Methane Neon Nitrogen
Octane Oxygen Propane Steam Formula Ar C4H10 CO2 CO C2H6 C2H4 He H2
CH4 Ne N2 C8H18 O2 C3H8 H2O Gas constant, R Btu/lbm R 0.06855
0.04971 0.03424 0.04513 0.07090 0.06616 0.07079 0.4961 0.9851
0.1238 0.09840 0.07090 0.01742 0.06206 0.04504 0.1102 cp Btu/lbm R
0.240 0.1253 0.415 0.203 0.249 0.427 0.411 1.25 3.43 0.532 0.246
0.248 0.409 0.219 0.407 0.445 cv Btu/lbm R 0.171 0.0756 0.381 0.158
0.178 0.361 0.340 0.753 2.44 0.403 0.1477 0.177 0.392 0.157 0.362
0.335
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935
k 1.400 1.667 1.09 1.285 1.399 1.183 1.208 1.667 1.404 1.32
1.667 1.400 1.044 1.395 1.124 1.329
Source: Gordon J. Van Wylen and Richard E. Sonntag, Fundamentals
of Classical Thermodynamics, English/SI Version, 3rd ed. (New York:
John Wiley & Sons, 1986), p. 687, Table A8E.
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Thermodynamics
TABLE A2EIdeal-gas specific heats of various common gases
(Continued) (b) At various temperatures Temp., F cp Btu/lbm R cv
Btu/lbm R Air 40 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1500 2000
0.240 0.240 0.241 0.243 0.245 0.248 0.250 0.254 0.257 0.259 0.263
0.276 0.286 0.171 0.172 0.173 0.174 0.176 0.179 0.182 0.185 0.188
0.191 0.195 0.208 0.217 Hydrogen, H2 40 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
800 900 1000 1500 2000 3.397 3.426 3.451 3.461 3.466 3.469 3.473
3.477 3.494 3.502 3.513 3.618 3.758 2.412 2.441 2.466 2.476 2.480
2.484 2.488 2.492 2.509 2.519 2.528 2.633 2.773 1.409 1.404 1.399
1.398 1.397 1.397 1.396 1.395 1.393 1.392 1.390 1.374 1.355 0.248
0.248 0.249 0.250 0.251 0.254 0.256 0.260 0.262 0.265 0.269 0.283
0.293 1.401 1.400 1.397 1.394 1.389 1.383 1.377 1.371 1.365 1.358
1.353 1.330 1.312 0.195 0.205 0.217 0.229 0.239 0.247 0.255 0.262
0.269 0.275 0.280 0.298 0.312 k cp Btu/lbm R cv Btu/lbm R k cp cv
Btu/lbm R Btu/lbm R k Carbon monoxide, CO 0.248 0.249 0.249 0.251
0.253 0.256 0.259 0.262 0.266 0.269 0.273 0.287 0.297 0.177 0.178
0.179 0.180 0.182 0.185 0.188 0.191 0.195 0.198 0.202 0.216 0.226
Oxygen, O2 1.400 1.399 1.398 1.396 1.393 1.388 1.383 1.377 1.371
1.364 1.359 1.334 1.319 0.219 0.220 0.223 0.226 0.230 0.235 0.239
0.242 0.246 0.249 0.252 0.263 0.270 0.156 0.158 0.161 0.164 0.168
0.173 0.177 0.181 0.184 0.187 0.190 0.201 0.208 1.397 1.394 1.387
1.378 1.368 1.360 1.352 1.344 1.337 1.331 1.326 1.309 1.298 1.400
1.399 1.397 1.394 1.389 1.384 1.377 1.371 1.364 1.357 1.351 1.328
1.314
Carbon dioxide, C02 0.150 0.160 0.172 0.184 0.193 0.202 0.210
0.217 0.224 0.230 0.235 0.253 0.267 Nitrogen, N2 0.177 0.178 0.178
0.179 0.180 0.183 0.185 0.189 0.191 0.194 0.198 0.212 0.222 1.300
1.283 1.262 1.246 1.233 1.223 1.215 1.208 1.202 1.197 1.192 1.178
1.169
Note: The unit Btu/lbm R is equivalent to Btu/lbm F. Source:
Kenneth Wark, Thermodynamics, 4th ed. (New York: McGraw-Hill,
1983), p. 830, Table A4. Originally published in Tables of
Properties of Gases, NBS Circular 564, 1955.
cen84959_ap02.qxd 4/27/05 3:02 PM Page 937
Appendix 2 TABLE A2EIdeal-gas specific heats of various common
gases (Concluded ) (c) As a function of temperature cp a bT cT 2 dT
3(T in R, cp in Btu/lbmol R)
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937
Substance Nitrogen Oxygen Air Hydrogen Carbon monoxide Carbon
dioxide Water vapor Nitric oxide Nitrous oxide Nitrogen dioxide
Ammonia Sulfur Sulfur dioxide Sulfur trioxide Acetylene Benzene
Methanol Ethanol Hydrogen chloride Methane Ethane Propane n-Butane
i-Butane n-Pentane n-Hexane Ethylene Propylene
Formula N2 O2 H2 CO CO2 H2O NO N2O NO2 NH3 S2 SO2 SO3 C2H2 C6H6
CH4O C2H6O HCl CH4 C2H6 C3H8 C4H10 C4H10 C5H12 C6H14 C2H4 C3H6
a 6.903 6.085 6.713 6.952 6.726 5.316 7.700 7.008 5.758 5.48
6.5846 6.499 6.157 3.918 5.21 8.650 4.55 4.75 7.244 4.750 1.648
0.966 0.945 1.890 1.618 1.657 0.944 0.753
b 0.02085 0.2017 0.02609 0.02542 0.02222 0.79361 0.02552 0.01247
0.7780 0.7583 0.34028 0.2943 0.7689 1.935 1.2227 6.4322 1.214 2.781
0.1011 0.6666 2.291 4.044 4.929 5.520 6.028 7.328 2.075 3.162 10 10
10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
10 10 10 102 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
c 0.05957 0.05275 0.03540 0.02952 0.03960 0.2581 0.07781 0.07185
0.2596 0.260 0.073034 0.1200 0.2810 0.8256 0.4812 2.327 0.0898
0.7651 0.09783 0.09352 0.4722 1.159 1.352 1.696 1.656 2.112 0.6151
0.8981 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
10 10 10 10 10 10 10 105 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
5 5 5 5 5 5
d 0.1176 0.05372 0.08052 0.03565 0.09100 0.3059 0.1472 0.1715
0.4331 0.322 0.27402 0.1632 0.3527 1.328 0.7457 3.179 0.329 0.821
0.1776 0.4510 0.2984 1.300 1.433 2.044 1.732 2.363 0.7326 1.008 10
10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
10 10 10 10 109 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9
9
% error Temperature range, R Max. Avg. 491-3240 491-3240
491-3240 491-3240 491-3240 491-3240 491-3240 491-2700 491-2700
491-2700 491-2700 491-3240 491-3240 491-2340 491-2700 491-2700
491-1800 491-2700 491-2740 491-2740 491-2740 491-2740 491-2740
491-2740 491-2740 491-2740 491-2740 491-2740 0.59 1.19 0.72 1.02
0.89 0.67 0.53 0.97 0.59 0.46 0.91 0.99 0.45 0.29 1.46 0.34 0.18
0.40 0.22 1.33 0.83 0.40 0.54 0.25 0.56 0.72 0.54 0.73 0.34 0.28
0.33 0.26 0.37 0.22 0.24 0.36 0.26 0.18 0.36 0.38 0.24 0.13 0.59
0.20 0.08 0.22 0.08 0.57 0.28 0.12 0.24 0.13 0.21 0.20 0.13
0.17
Source: Chemical and Process Thermodynamics 3/E by Kyle, B. G.,
2000. Adapted by permission of Pearson Education, Inc., Upper
Saddle River, NJ.
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TABLE A3EProperties of common liquids, solids, and foods (a)
Liquids Boiling data at 1 atm Normal boiling point, F 27.9 Latent
heat of vaporization, hfg Btu/lbm 24.54 Freezing data Freezing
point, F 107.9 Latent heat of fusion, hif Btu/lbm 138.6 Liquid
properties Temperature, F 27.9 0 40 80 302.6 68 Density, r lbm/ft3
42.6 41.3 39.5 37.5 87.0 54.9 Specific heat, cp Btu/lbm R 1.06
1.083 1.103 1.135 0.272 0.411
Substance Ammonia
Argon Benzene Brine (20% sodium chloride by mass) n-Butane
Carbon dioxide Ethanol Ethyl alcohol Ethylene glycol Glycerine
Helium Hydrogen Isobutane Kerosene Mercury Methane Methanol
Nitrogen Octane Oil (light) Oxygen Petroleum Propane
302.6 176.4
69.5 169.4
308.7 41.9
12.0 54.2
219.0 31.1 109.2* 172.8 173.5 388.6 355.8 452.1 423.0 10.9
399559 674.1 258.7 148.1 320.4 256.6 297.3 43.7
165.6 99.6 (at 32F) 360.5 368 344.0 419 9.80 191.7 157.8 108
126.7 219.6 473 85.4 131.7 91.5 99165 184.0
0.7 217.3 69.8 173.6 248.8 12.6 66.0 434.5 255.5 12.8 38.0 296.0
143.9 346.0 71.5 361.8 305.8
34.5 46.9 46.4 77.9 86.3 25.6 45.5 4.90 25.1 42.7 10.9 77.9 5.9
34.4
Refrigerant-134a
15.0
93.3
141.9
Water
212
970.1
32
143.5
68 31.1 32 77 68 68 68 452.1 423.0 10.9 68 77 258.7 160 77 320.4
260 68 77 297.3 68 43.7 32 100 40 15 32 90 32 90 150 212
71.8 37.5 57.8 48.9 49.3 69.2 78.7 9.13 4.41 37.1 51.2 847 26.4
20.0 49.1 50.5 38.2 43.9 56.8 71.2 40.0 36.3 33.0 29.4 88.5 86.0
80.9 73.6 62.4 62.1 61.2 59.8
0.743 0.552 0.583 0.588 0.678 0.678 0.554 5.45 2.39 0.545 0.478
0.033 0.834 1.074 0.609 0.492 0.643 0.502 0.430 0.408 0.478 0.538
0.604 0.673 0.283 0.294 0.318 0.348 1.01 1.00 1.00 1.01
*Sublimation temperature. (At pressures below the triple-point
pressure of 75.1 psia, carbon dioxide exists as a solid or gas.
Also, the freezing-point temperature of carbon dioxide is the
triple-point temperature of 69.8F.)
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Appendix 2 TABLE A3EProperties of common liquids, solids, and
foods (Continued) (b) Solids (values are for room temperature
unless indicated otherwise) Density, r lbm/ft3 Specific heat, cp
Btu/lbm R Density, r lbm/ft3
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939
Substance MetalsAluminum 100F 32F 100F 200F 300F 400F 500F
Bronze (76% Cu, 2% Zn, 2% Al) Brass, yellow (65% Cu, 35% Zn) Copper
60F 0F 100F 200F 390F Iron Lead Magnesium Nickel Silver Steel, mild
Tungsten
Substance Nonmetals
Specific heat, cp Btu/lbm R
170
517 519
0.192 0.212 0.218 0.224 0.229 0.235 0.240 0.0955 0.0955
555
490 705 108 555 655 489 1211
0.0862 0.0893 0.0925 0.0938 0.0963 0.107 0.030 0.239 0.105 0.056
0.119 0.031
Asphalt Brick, common Brick, fireclay (500C) Concrete Clay
Diamond Glass, window Glass, pyrex Graphite Granite Gypsum or
plaster board Ice 50F 0F 20F 32F Limestone Marble Plywood (Douglas
fir) Rubber (soft) Rubber (hard) Sand Stone Woods, hard (maple,
oak, etc.) Woods, soft (fir, pine, etc.)
132 120 144 144 62.4 151 169 139 156 169 50
0.220 0.189 0.229 0.156 0.220 0.147 0.191 0.200 0.170 0.243
0.260 0.424 0.471 0.491 0.502 0.217 0.210
57.5 103 162 34.0 68.7 71.8 94.9 93.6 45.0 32.0
(c) FoodsSpecific heat, Btu/lbm R Above freezing 0.873 0.801
0.737 0.921 0.513 0.841 0.793 0.793 0.793 0.705 Below freezing
0.453 0.426 0.402 0.471 0.249 0.318 0.441 0.423 0.423 0.423 0.390
Latent heat of fusion, Btu/lbm 121 108 96 129 23 56 115 106 106 106
90 Water content, % (mass) 95 88 87 78 64 83 93 90 94 64 93
Specific heat, Btu/lbm R Freezing point, Above Below F freezing
freezing 32 31 31 31 28 28 31 31 31 31 0.961 0.905 0.897 0.825
0.713 0.865 0.945 0.921 0.953 0.713 0.945 0.487 0.465 0.462 0.435
0.393 0.450 0.481 0.471 0.484 0.393 0.481 Latent heat of fusion,
Btu/lbm 136 126 125 112 92 119 134 129 135 92 134
Food Apples Bananas Beef round Broccoli Butter Cheese, Swiss
Cherries Chicken Corn, sweet Eggs, whole Ice cream
Water content, % (mass) 84 75 67 90 16 39 80 74 74 74 63
Freezing point, F 30 31 31 14 29 27 31 31 22
Food Lettuce Milk, whole Oranges Potatoes Salmon fish Shrimp
Spinach Strawberries Tomatoes, ripe Turkey Watermelon
Source: Values are obtained from various handbooks and other
sources or are calculated. Water content and freezing-point data of
foods are from ASHRAE, Handbook of Fundamentals, I-P version
(Atlanta, GA: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and
Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc., 1993), Chap. 30, Table 1.
Freezing point is the temperature at which freezing starts for
fruits and vegetables, and the average freezing temperature for
other foods.
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TABLE A4ESaturated waterTemperature tableSpecific volume,
ft3/lbm Sat. press., Psat psia 0.08871 0.09998 0.12173 0.14756
0.17812 0.21413 0.25638 0.30578 0.36334 0.43016 0.50745 0.59659
0.69904 0.81643 0.95052 1.2767 1.6951 2.2260 2.8931 3.7234 4.7474
5.9999 7.5197 9.3497 11.538 14.136 14.709 17.201 20.795 24.985
29.844 35.447 41.877 49.222 57.573 67.028 77.691 89.667 103.07
118.02 134.63 153.03 173.36 195.74 220.33 Sat. liquid, vf 0.01602
0.01602 0.01602 0.01602 0.01602 Sat. vapor, vg 3299.9 2945.7 2443.6
2035.8 1703.1 Sat. liquid, uf 0.000 3.004 8.032 13.05 18.07 23.07
28.08 33.08 38.08 43.07 48.06 53.06 58.05 63.04 68.03 78.01 88.00
97.99 107.98 117.98 127.98 138.00 148.02 158.05 168.10 178.15
180.16 188.22 198.31 208.41 218.54 228.68 238.85 249.04 259.26
269.51 279.79 290.11 300.46 310.85 321.29 331.76 342.29 352.87
363.50 Internal energy, Btu/lbm Sat. vapor, ug 1021.0 1022.0 1023.7
1025.3 1026.9 1028.6 1030.2 1031.8 1033.5 1035.1 1036.7 1038.3
1040.0 1041.6 1043.2 1046.4 1049.6 1052.7 1055.9 1059.0 1062.0
1065.1 1068.1 1071.0 1074.0 1076.8 1077.4 1079.6 1082.4 1085.1
1087.7 1090.3 1092.8 1095.2 1097.5 1099.8 1101.9 1104.0 1105.9
1107.7 1109.4 1111.0 1112.5 1113.9 1115.1 Sat. liquid, hf 0.000
3.004 8.032 13.05 18.07 23.07 28.08 33.08 38.08 43.07 48.07 53.06
58.05 63.04 68.03 78.02 88.00 97.99 107.99 117.99 128.00 138.02
148.04 158.08 168.13 178.20 180.21 188.28 198.37 208.49 218.63
228.79 238.98 249.20 259.45 269.73 280.05 290.40 300.80 311.24
321.73 332.28 342.88 353.53 364.25 Enthalpy, Btu/lbm Sat. vapor, hg
1075.2 1076.5 1078.7 1080.9 1083.1 1085.3 1087.4 1089.6 1091.8
1093.9 1096.1 1098.3 1100.4 1102.6 1104.7 1109.0 1113.2 1117.4
1121.6 1125.7 1129.8 1133.9 1137.9 1141.8 1145.7 1149.5 1150.3
1153.3 1157.0 1160.5 1164.0 1167.4 1170.7 1173.9 1177.0 1180.0
1182.8 1185.5 1188.1 1190.5 1192.7 1194.8 1196.7 1198.5 1200.1 Sat.
liquid, sf 0.00000 0.00609 0.01620 0.02620 0.03609 0.04586 0.05554
0.06511 0.07459 0.08398 0.09328 0.10248 0.11161 0.12065 0.12961
0.14728 0.16466 0.18174 0.19855 0.21508 0.23136 0.24739 0.26318
0.27874 0.29409 0.30922 0.31222 0.32414 0.33887 0.35342 0.36779
0.38198 0.39601 0.40989 0.42361 0.43720 0.45065 0.46396 0.47716
0.49024 0.50321 0.51607 0.52884 0.54152 0.55411 Entropy, Btu/lbm R
Sat. vapor, sg 2.1867 2.1762 2.1589 2.1421 2.1256 2.1096 2.0940
2.0788 2.0639 2.0494 2.0352 2.0214 2.0079 1.9947 1.9819 1.9570
1.9332 1.9105 1.8888 1.8680 1.8481 1.8289 1.8106 1.7930 1.7760
1.7597 1.7565 1.7439 1.7288 1.7141 1.6999 1.6862 1.6730 1.6601
1.6475 1.6354 1.6235 1.6120 1.6007 1.5897 1.5789 1.5683 1.5580
1.5478 1.5378
Temp., T F 32.018 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 110
120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 212 220 230 240 250 260 270
280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390
Evap., ufg 1021.0 1019.0 1015.6 1012.2 1008.9 1005.5 1002.1
998.76 995.39 992.02 988.65 985.28 981.90 978.52 975.14 968.36
961.56 954.73 947.87 940.98 934.05 927.08 920.06 912.99 905.87
898.68 897.24 891.43 884.10 876.70 869.21 861.62 853.94 846.16
838.27 830.25 822.11 813.84 805.43 796.87 788.16 779.28 770.23
761.00 751.58
Evap., hfg 1075.2 1073.5 1070.7 1067.8 1065.0 1062.2 1059.4
1056.5 1053.7 1050.9 1048.0 1045.2 1042.4 1039.5 1036.7 1031.0
1025.2 1019.4 1013.6 1007.8 1001.8 995.88 989.85 983.76 977.60
971.35 970.09 965.02 958.59 952.06 945.41 938.65 931.76 924.74
917.57 910.24 902.75 895.09 887.25 879.22 870.98 862.53 853.86
844.96 835.81
Evap., sfg 2.18672 2.17011 2.14271 2.11587 2.08956 2.06377
2.03847 2.01366 1.98931 1.96541 1.94196 1.91892 1.89630 1.87408
1.85225 1.80970 1.76856 1.72877 1.69024 1.65291 1.61670 1.58155
1.54741 1.51421 1.48191 1.45046 1.44427 1.41980 1.38989 1.36069
1.33216 1.30425 1.27694 1.25018 1.22393 1.19818 1.17289 1.14802
1.12355 1.09945 1.07570 1.05227 1.02914 1.00628 0.98366
0.01603 1430.4 0.01604 1206.1 0.01604 1020.8 0.01605 867.18
0.01606 739.27 0.01607 0.01609 0.01610 0.01612 0.01613 0.01617
0.01620 0.01625 0.01629 0.01634 0.01639 0.01645 0.01651 0.01657
0.01663 0.01670 0.01671 0.01677 0.01684 0.01692 0.01700 0.01708
0.01717 0.01726 0.01735 0.01745 0.01755 0.01765 0.01776 0.01787
0.01799 0.01811 0.01823 0.01836 0.01850 632.41 542.80 467.40 403.74
349.83 264.96 202.94 157.09 122.81 96.929 77.185 61.982 50.172
40.920 33.613 27.798 26.782 23.136 19.374 16.316 13.816 11.760
10.059 8.6439 7.4607 6.4663 5.6266 4.9144 4.3076 3.7885 3.3425
2.9580 2.6252 2.3361 2.0842
cen84959_ap02.qxd 4/27/05 3:02 PM Page 941
Appendix 2 TABLE A4ESaturated waterTemperature table
(Concluded)Specific volume, ft3/lbm Sat. press., Psat psia 247.26
276.69 308.76 343.64 381.49 422.47 466.75 514.52 565.96 621.24
680.56 744.11 812.11 884.74 962.24 1044.8 1132.7 1226.2 1325.5
1430.8 1542.5 1660.9 1786.2 1918.9 2059.3 2207.8 2364.9 2531.2
2707.3 2894.1 3093.0 3200.1 Sat. liquid, vf 0.01864 0.01878 0.01894
0.01910 0.01926 0.01944 0.01962 0.01981 0.02001 0.02022 0.02044
0.02067 0.02092 0.02118 0.02146 0.02176 0.02207 0.02242 0.02279
0.02319 0.02362 0.02411 0.02464 0.02524 0.02593 0.02673 0.02767
0.02884 0.03035 0.03255 0.03670 0.04975 Sat. vapor, vg 1.8639
1.6706 1.5006 1.3505 1.2178 1.0999 0.99510 0.90158 0.81794 0.74296
0.67558 0.61489 0.56009 0.51051 0.46553 0.42465 0.38740 0.35339
0.32225 0.29367 0.26737 0.24309 0.22061 0.19972 0.18019 0.16184
0.14444 0.12774 0.11134 0.09451 Sat. liquid, uf 374.19 384.94
395.76 406.65 417.61 428.66 439.79 451.01 462.34 473.77 485.32
496.99 508.80 520.76 532.88 545.18 557.68 570.40 583.37 596.61
610.18 624.11 638.47 653.35 668.86 685.16 702.48 721.23 742.11
766.81 Internal energy, Btu/lbm Sat. vapor, ug 1116.2 1117.1 1117.8
1118.4 1118.9 1119.1 1119.2 1119.0 1118.7 1118.1 1117.3 1116.2
1114.8 1113.1 1111.1 1108.8 1106.0 1102.8 1099.2 1095.0 1090.3
1084.8 1078.6 1071.5 1063.2 1053.6 1042.2 1028.5 1011.1 987.6 948.3
866.6 Sat. liquid, hf 375.04 385.90 396.84 407.86 418.97 430.18
441.48 452.90 464.43 476.09 487.89 499.84 511.94 524.23 536.70
549.39 562.31 575.49 588.95 602.75 616.92 631.52 646.62 662.32
678.74 696.08 714.59 734.74 757.32 784.24 822.76 896.07 Enthalpy,
Btu/lbm Sat. vapor, hg 1201.4 1202.6 1203.6 1204.3 1204.8 1205.1
1205.1 1204.9 1204.3 1203.5 1202.3 1200.8 1199.0 1196.7 1194.0
1190.9 1187.2 1183.0 1178.2 1172.8 1166.6 1159.5 1151.5 1142.4
1131.9 1119.7 1105.4 1088.3 1066.9 1038.2 991.1 896.1 Sat. liquid,
sf 0.56663 0.57907 0.59145 0.60377 0.61603 0.62826 0.64044 0.65260
0.66474 0.67686 0.68899 0.70112 0.71327 0.72546 0.73770 0.75000
0.76238 0.77486 0.78748 0.80026 0.81323 0.82645 0.83998 0.85389
0.86828 0.88332 0.89922 0.91636 0.93541 0.95797 0.99023 1.05257
Entropy, Btu/lbm R
|
941
Temp., T F 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520
530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 690
700 705.10
Evap., ufg 741.97 732.14 722.08 711.80 701.26 690.47 679.39
668.02 656.34 644.32 631.94 619.17 605.99 592.35 578.23 563.58
548.33 532.45 515.84 498.43 480.10 460.73 440.14 418.12 394.36
368.44 339.74 307.22 269.00 220.77 146.50 0
Evap., hfg 826.39 816.71 806.74 796.46 785.87 774.94 763.65
751.98 739.91 727.40 714.44 700.99 687.01 672.47 657.31 641.47
624.91 607.55 589.29 570.04 549.67 528.03 504.92 480.07 453.14
423.65 390.84 353.54 309.57 253.96 168.32 0
Evap., sfg 0.96127 0.93908 0.91707 0.89522 0.87349 0.85187
0.83033 0.80885 0.78739 0.76594 0.74445 0.72290 0.70126 0.67947
0.65751 0.63532 0.61284 0.59003 0.56679 0.54306 0.51871 0.49363
0.46765 0.44056 0.41206 0.38177 0.34906 0.31296 0.27163 0.22089
Sat. vapor, sg 1.5279 1.5182 1.5085 1.4990 1.4895 1.4801 1.4708
1.4615 1.4521 1.4428 1.4334 1.4240 1.4145 1.4049 1.3952 1.3853
1.3752 1.3649 1.3543 1.3433 1.3319 1.3201 1.3076 1.2944 1.2803
1.2651 1.2483 1.2293 1.2070 1.1789
0.07482 801.75 0.04975 866.61
0.14514 1.1354 0 1.0526
Source: Tables A4E through A8E are generated using the
Engineering Equation Solver (EES) software developed by S. A. Klein
and F. L. Alvarado. The routine used in calculations is the highly
accurate Steam_IAPWS, which incorporates the 1995 Formulation for
the Thermodynamic Properties of Ordinary Water Substance for
General and Scientific Use, issued by The International Association
for the Properties of Water and Steam (IAPWS). This formulation
replaces the 1984 formulation of Haar, Gallagher, and Kell (NBS/NRC
Steam Tables, Hemisphere Publishing Co., 1984), which is also
available in EES as the routine STEAM. The new formulation is based
on the correlations of Saul and Wagner (J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data,
16, 893, 1987) with modifications to adjust to the International
Temperature Scale of 1990. The modifications are described by
Wagner and Pruss (J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 22, 783, 1993). The
properties of ice are based on Hyland and Wexler, Formulations for
the Thermodynamic Properties of the Saturated Phases of H2O from
173.15 K to 473.15 K, ASHRAE Trans., Part 2A, Paper 2793, 1983.
cen84959_ap02.qxd 4/27/05 3:02 PM Page 942
942
|
Thermodynamics
TABLE A5ESaturated waterPressure tableSpecific volume, ft3/lbm
Sat. temp., Tsat F 101.69 126.02 141.41 152.91 162.18 170.00 182.81
193.16 211.95 212.99 227.92 240.03 250.30 259.25 267.22 274.41
280.99 287.05 292.69 297.95 302.91 307.59 312.02 316.24 320.26
324.11 327.81 334.77 341.25 347.32 353.03 358.42 363.54 368.41
373.07 377.52 381.80 400.97 417.35 431.74 444.62 456.31 467.04
476.97 486.24 Sat. liquid, vf 0.01614 0.01623 0.01630 0.01636
0.01641 0.01645 0.01652 0.01659 0.01671 0.01672 0.01683 0.01692
0.01700 0.01708 0.01715 0.01721 0.01727 0.01732 0.01738 0.01743
0.01748 0.01752 0.01757 0.01761 0.01765 0.01770 0.01774 0.01781
0.01789 0.01796 0.01802 0.01809 0.01815 0.01821 0.01827 0.01833
0.01839 0.01865 0.01890 0.01912 0.01934 0.01955 0.01975 0.01995
0.02014 Sat. vapor, vg 333.49 173.71 118.70 90.629 73.525 61.982
47.347 38.425 26.805 26.297 20.093 16.307 13.749 11.901 10.501
9.4028 8.5175 7.7882 7.1766 6.6560 6.2075 5.8167 5.4733 5.1689
4.8972 4.6532 4.4327 4.0410 3.7289 3.4557 3.2202 3.0150 2.8347
2.6749 2.5322 2.4040 2.2882 1.8440 1.5435 1.3263 1.1617 1.0324
0.92819 0.84228 0.77020 Sat. liquid, uf 69.72 94.02 109.39 120.89
130.17 138.00 150.83 161.22 180.12 181.16 196.21 208.45 218.84
227.92 236.02 243.34 250.05 256.25 262.01 267.41 272.50 277.31
281.87 286.22 290.38 294.36 298.19 305.41 312.16 318.48 324.45
330.11 335.49 340.62 345.53 350.24 354.78 375.23 392.89 408.55
422.70 435.67 447.68 458.90 469.46 Internal energy, Btu/lbm Sat.
vapor, ug 1043.7 1051.5 1056.3 1059.9 1062.7 1065.1 1068.9 1072.0
1077.4 1077.7 1081.8 1085.1 1087.8 1090.1 1092.1 1093.9 1095.4
1096.9 1098.1 1099.3 1100.4 1101.4 1102.3 1103.2 1104.0 1104.8
1105.5 1106.8 1107.9 1109.0 1109.9 1110.8 1111.6 1112.3 1113.0
1113.6 1114.1 1116.3 1117.7 1118.5 1119.0 1119.2 1119.1 1118.8
1118.3 Sat. liquid, hf 69.72 94.02 109.40 120.90 130.18 138.02
150.86 161.25 180.16 181.21 196.27 208.52 218.93 228.03 236.14
243.49 250.21 256.42 262.20 267.62 272.72 277.55 282.13 286.50
290.67 294.67 298.51 305.78 312.55 318.92 324.92 330.61 336.02
341.19 346.14 350.89 355.46 376.09 393.94 409.79 424.13 437.30
449.51 460.93 471.70 Enthalpy, Btu/lbm Sat. vapor, hg 1105.4 1115.8
1122.2 1126.9 1130.7 1133.9 1139.0 1143.1 1150.3 1150.7 1156.2
1160.6 1164.1 1167.2 1169.8 1172.2 1174.2 1176.1 1177.8 1179.4
1180.8 1182.1 1183.4 1184.5 1185.6 1186.6 1187.5 1189.2 1190.8
1192.1 1193.4 1194.5 1195.5 1196.4 1197.3 1198.1 1198.8 1201.6
1203.3 1204.4 1205.0 1205.2 1205.0 1204.5 1203.9 Sat. liquid, sf
0.13262 0.17499 0.20090 0.21985 0.23488 0.24739 0.26757 0.28362
0.31215 0.31370 0.33582 0.35347 0.36821 0.38093 0.39213 0.40216
0.41125 0.41958 0.42728 0.43443 0.44112 0.44741 0.45335 0.45897
0.46431 0.46941 0.47427 0.48341 0.49187 0.49974 0.50711 0.51405
0.52061 0.52682 0.53274 0.53839 0.54379 0.56784 0.58818 0.60590
0.62168 0.63595 0.64900 0.66107 0.67231 Entropy, Btu/lbm R Sat.
vapor, sg 1.9776 1.9194 1.8858 1.8621 1.8438 1.8289 1.8056 1.7875
1.7566 1.7549 1.7319 1.7141 1.6995 1.6872 1.6766 1.6672 1.6588
1.6512 1.6442 1.6378 1.6319 1.6264 1.6212 1.6163 1.6117 1.6073
1.6032 1.5954 1.5883 1.5818 1.5757 1.5700 1.5647 1.5596 1.5548
1.5503 1.5460 1.5270 1.5111 1.4973 1.4852 1.4742 1.4642 1.4550
1.4463
Press., P psia 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 14.696 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190
200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600
Evap., ufg 973.99 957.45 946.90 938.97 932.53 927.08 918.08
910.75 897.27 896.52 885.63 876.67 868.98 862.19 856.09 850.52
845.39 840.61 836.13 831.90 827.90 824.09 820.45 816.97 813.62
810.40 807.29 801.37 795.79 790.51 785.49 780.69 776.10 771.68
767.42 763.31 759.32 741.02 724.77 709.98 696.31 683.52 671.42
659.91 648.88
Evap., hfg 1035.7 1021.7 1012.8 1006.0 1000.5 995.88 988.15
981.82 970.12 969.47 959.93 952.03 945.21 939.16 933.69 928.68
924.03 919.70 915.61 911.75 908.08 904.58 901.22 898.00 894.89
891.89 888.99 883.44 878.20 873.21 868.45 863.88 859.49 855.25
851.16 847.19 843.33 825.47 809.41 794.65 780.87 767.86 755.48
743.60 732.15
Evap., sfg 1.84495 1.74444 1.68489 1.64225 1.60894 1.58155
1.53800 1.50391 1.44441 1.44441 1.39606 1.36060 1.33132 1.30632
1.28448 1.26506 1.24756 1.23162 1.21697 1.20341 1.19078 1.17895
1.16783 1.15732 1.14737 1.13791 1.12888 1.11201 1.09646 1.08204
1.06858 1.05595 1.04405 1.03279 1.02210 1.01191 1.00219 0.95912
0.92289 0.89143 0.86350 0.83828 0.81521 0.79388 0.77400
cen84959_ap02.qxd 4/27/05 3:02 PM Page 943
Appendix 2 TABLE A5ESaturated waterPressure table
(Concluded)Specific volume, ft3/lbm Sat. temp., Tsat F 503.13
518.27 532.02 544.65 567.26 587.14 604.93 621.07 635.85 668.17
695.41 705.10 Sat. liquid, vf 0.02051 0.02087 0.02124 0.02159
0.02232 0.02307 0.02386 0.02470 0.02563 0.02860 0.03433 0.04975
Sat. vapor, vg 0.65589 0.56920 0.50107 0.44604 0.36241 0.30161
0.25516 0.21831 0.18815 0.13076 0.08460 0.04975 Sat. liquid, uf
488.96 506.74 523.19 538.58 566.89 592.79 616.99 640.03 662.33
717.67 783.39 866.61 Internal energy, Btu/lbm Sat. vapor, ug 1116.9
1115.0 1112.7 1110.1 1103.8 1096.3 1087.7 1077.9 1066.8 1031.2
969.8 866.6 Sat. liquid, hf 491.62 509.83 526.73 542.57 571.85
598.76 624.06 648.26 671.82 730.90 802.45 896.07 Enthalpy, Btu/lbm
Sat. vapor, hg 1201.9 1199.3 1196.2 1192.6 1184.2 1174.4 1163.2
1150.6 1136.4 1091.7 Sat. liquid, sf 0.69279 0.71117 0.72793
0.74341 0.77143 0.79658 0.81972 0.84144 0.86224 0.91311 0.97321
1.05257 Entropy, Btu/lbm R
|
943
Press., P psia 700 800 900 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2500
3000 3200.1
Evap., ufg 627.98 608.30 589.54 571.49 536.87 503.50 470.69
437.86 404.46 313.53 186.41 0
Evap., hfg 710.29 689.48 669.46 650.03 612.39 575.66 539.18
502.35 464.60 360.79
Evap., sfg 0.73771 0.70502 0.67505 0.64722 0.59632 0.54991
0.50645 0.46482 0.42409 0.31988
Sat. vapor, sg 1.4305 1.4162 1.4030 1.3906 1.3677 1.3465 1.3262
1.3063 1.2863 1.2330
214.32 1016.8 0 896.1
0.18554 1.1587 0 1.0526
cen84959_ap02.qxd 4/27/05 3:02 PM Page 944
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Thermodynamics
TABLE A6ESuperheated waterT F v ft3/lbm P 333.49 200 392.53 240
416.44 280 440.33 320 464.20 360 488.07 400 511.92 440 535.77 500
571.54 600 631.14 700 690.73 800 750.31 1000 869.47 1200 988.62
1400 1107.8 P Sat. 240 280 320 360 400 440 500 600 700 800 1000
1200 1400 1600 26.297 27.429 29.085 30.722 32.348 33.965 35.576
37.986 41.988 45.981 49.967 57.930 65.885 73.836 81.784 P Sat. 320
360 400 440 500 600 700 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 7.1766
7.4863 7.9259 8.3548 8.7766 9.4005 10.4256 11.4401 12.4484 14.4543
16.4525 18.4464 20.438 22.428 24.417 Sat. u Btu/lbm h Btu/lbm s
Btu/ lbm R v ft3/lbm P 73.525 78.153 83.009 87.838 92.650 97.452
102.25 107.03 114.21 126.15 138.09 150.02 173.86 197.70 221.54 P
1.7549 1.7742 1.8010 1.8260 1.8496 1.8721 1.8936 1.9243 1.9718
2.0156 2.0565 2.1312 2.1986 2.2604 2.3178 20.093 20.478 21.739
22.980 24.209 25.429 26.644 28.458 31.467 34.467 37.461 43.438
49.407 55.373 61.335 P 1.6442 1.6636 1.6897 1.7138 1.7364 1.7682
1.8168 1.8613 1.9026 1.9777 2.0454 2.1073 2.1648 2.2187 2.2694
5.4733 5.5440 5.8876 6.2187 6.5420 7.0177 7.7951 8.5616 9.3218
10.8313 12.3331 13.8306 15.3257 16.8192 18.3117 u Btu/lbm h Btu/lbm
s Btu/ lbm R v ft3/lbm P 38.425 38.849 41.326 43.774 46.205 48.624
51.035 53.441 57.041 63.029 69.007 74.980 86.913 98.840 110.762 P
10.501 10.713 11.363 11.999 12.625 13.244 14.165 15.686 17.197
18.702 21.700 24.691 27.678 30.662 P u Btu/lbm s h Btu/ Btu/lbm lbm
R
1.0 psia (101.69F)* 1043.7 1077.5 1091.2 1105.0 1118.9 1132.9
1147.1 1161.3 1182.8 1219.4 1256.8 1295.1 1374.2 1457.1 1543.7
1105.4 1150.1 1168.3 1186.5 1204.8 1223.3 1241.8 1260.4 1288.6
1336.2 1384.6 1433.9 1535.1 1640.0 1748.7 1.9776 2.0509 2.0777
2.1030 2.1271 2.1502 2.1722 2.1934 2.2237 2.2709 2.3146 2.3553
2.4299 2.4972 2.5590
5.0 psia (162.18F) 1062.7 1076.2 1090.3 1104.3 1118.4 1132.5
1146.7 1160.9 1182.6 1219.2 1256.7 1294.9 1374.2 1457.0 1543.7
1130.7 1148.5 1167.1 1185.6 1204.1 1222.6 1241.3 1260.0 1288.2
1335.9 1384.4 1433.7 1535.0 1640.0 1748.7 1.8438 1.8716 1.8989
1.9246 1.9490 1.9722 1.9944 2.0156 2.0461 2.0933 2.1371 2.1778
2.2524 2.3198 2.3816
10 psia (193.16F) 1072.0 1074.5 1089.1 1103.4 1117.6 1131.9
1146.2 1160.5 1182.2 1219.0 1256.5 1294.8 1374.1 1457.0 1543.6
1143.1 1146.4 1165.5 1184.4 1203.1 1221.8 1240.6 1259.4 1287.8
1335.6 1384.2 1433.5 1534.9 1639.9 1748.6 1.7875 1.7926 1.8207
1.8469 1.8716 1.8950 1.9174 1.9388 1.9693 2.0167 2.0605 2.1013
2.1760 2.2433 2.3052
15 psia (212.99F) 1077.7 1087.8 1102.4 1116.9 1131.3 1145.7
1160.1 1181.9 1218.7 1256.3 1294.6 1374.0 1456.9 1543.6 1634.0
1150.7 1163.9 1183.2 1202.2 1221.1 1239.9 1258.8 1287.3 1335.3
1383.9 1433.3 1534.8 1639.8 1748.5 1861.0
20 psia (227.92F) 1081.8 1086.5 1101.4 1116.1 1130.7 1145.1
1159.7 1181.6 1218.5 1256.1 1294.5 1373.8 1456.8 1543.5 1633.9
1156.2 1162.3 1181.9 1201.2 1220.2 1239.3 1258.3 1286.9 1334.9
1383.7 1433.1 1534.6 1639.7 1748.4 1860.9 1.7319 1.7406 1.7679
1.7933 1.8171 1.8398 1.8614 1.8922 1.9398 1.9837 2.0247 2.0994
2.1668 2.2287 2.2861
40 psia (267.22F) 1092.1 1097.3 1112.9 1128.1 1143.1 1157.9
1180.2 1217.5 1255.3 1293.9 1373.4 1456.5 1543.3 1633.7 1169.8
1176.6 1197.1 1216.9 1236.5 1256.0 1285.0 1333.6 1382.6 1432.3
1534.1 1639.3 1748.1 1860.7 1.6766 1.6858 1.7128 1.7376 1.7610
1.7831 1.8143 1.8625 1.9067 1.9478 2.0227 2.0902 2.1522 2.2096
60 psia (292.69F) 1098.1 1109.6 1125.5 1140.9 1156.1 1178.8
1216.5 1254.5 1293.3 1373.0 1456.2 1543.0 1633.5 1727.6 1825.2
1177.8 1192.7 1213.5 1233.7 1253.6 1283.1 1332.2 1381.6 1431.5
1533.5 1638.9 1747.8 1860.5 1976.6 2096.3
80 psia (312.02F) 1102.3 1105.9 1122.7 1138.7 1154.3 1177.3
1215.4 1253.8 1292.6 1372.6 1455.9 1542.8 1633.3 1727.5 1825.0
1183.4 1187.9 1209.9 1230.8 1251.2 1281.2 1330.8 1380.5 1430.6
1532.9 1638.5 1747.5 1860.2 1976.5 2096.1 1.6212 1.6271 1.6545
1.6794 1.7026 1.7350 1.7841 1.8289 1.8704 1.9457 2.0135 2.0755
2.1330 2.1869 2.2376
100 psia (327.81F) 1187.5 1206.1 1227.8 1248.7 1279.3 1329.4
1379.5 1429.8 1532.4 1638.1 1747.2 1860.0 1976.3 2096.0 1.6032
1.6263 1.6521 1.6759 1.7088 1.7586 1.8037 1.8453 1.9208 1.9887
2.0508 2.1083 2.1622 2.2130
4.4327 1105.5 4.6628 4.9359 5.2006 5.5876 6.2167 6.8344 7.4457
8.6575 9.8615 11.0612 12.2584 13.4541 14.6487 1119.8 1136.4 1152.4
1175.9 1214.4 1253.0 1292.0 1372.2 1455.6 1542.6 1633.2 1727.3
1824.9
*The temperature in parentheses is the saturation temperature at
the specified pressure.
Properties of saturated vapor at the specified pressure.
cen84959_ap02.qxd 4/27/05 3:02 PM Page 945
Appendix 2 TABLE A6ESuperheated water (Continued )T F v ft3/lbm
P Sat. 360 400 450 500 550 600 700 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800
2000 3.7289 3.8446 4.0799 4.3613 4.6340 4.9010 5.1642 5.6829 6.1950
7.2083 8.2137 9.2149 10.2135 11.2106 12.2067 P Sat. 400 450 500 550
600 700 800 900 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2.5322 2.6490 2.8514
3.0433 3.2286 3.4097 3.7635 4.1104 4.4531 4.7929 5.4674 6.1377
6.8054 7.4716 8.1367 P Sat. 450 500 550 600 650 700 800 900 1000
1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 1.8440 2.0027 2.1506 2.2910 2.4264 2.5586
2.6883 2.9429 3.1930 3.4403 3.9295 4.4144 4.8969 5.3777 5.8575 u
Btu/lbm h Btu/lbm s Btu/ lbm R v ft3/lbm P 3.2202 3.2584 3.4676
3.7147 3.9525 4.1845 4.4124 4.8604 5.3017 6.1732 7.0367 7.8961
8.7529 9.6082 10.4624 P 2.2882 2.3615 2.5488 2.7247 2.8939 3.0586
3.3796 3.6934 4.0031 4.3099 4.9182 5.5222 6.1238 6.7238 7.3227 P
1.6806 1.8034 1.9415 2.0715 2.1964 2.3179 2.4369 2.6699 2.8984
3.1241 3.5700 4.0116 4.4507 4.8882 5.3247 s u h Btu/ Btu/lbm
Btu/lbm lbm R 140 psia (353.03F) 1109.9 1113.4 1131.5 1152.6 1172.9
1192.7 1212.3 1251.4 1290.8 1371.3 1455.0 1542.1 1632.8 1727.0
1824.6 1193.4 1197.8 1221.4 1248.9 1275.3 1301.1 1326.6 1377.3
1428.1 1531.3 1637.3 1746.6 1859.5 1975.9 2095.7 1.5757 1.5811
1.6092 1.6403 1.6686 1.6948 1.7195 1.7652 1.8072 1.8832 1.9512
2.0134 2.0711 2.1250 2.1758 v ft3/lbm P 2.8347 3.0076 3.2293 3.4412
3.6469 3.8484 4.2434 4.6316 5.3968 6.1540 6.9070 7.6574 8.4063
9.1542 P 2.0423 2.0728 2.2457 2.4059 2.5590 2.7075 2.9956 3.2765
3.5530 3.8268 4.3689 4.9068 5.4422 5.9760 6.5087 P 1.5435 1.6369
1.7670 1.8885 2.0046 2.1172 2.2273 2.4424 2.6529 2.8605 3.2704
3.6759 4.0789 4.4803 4.8807 u Btu/lbm
|
945
s h Btu/ Btu/lbm lbm R
120 psia (341.25F) 1107.9 1116.7 1134.0 1154.5 1174.4 1193.9
1213.4 1252.2 1291.4 1371.7 1455.3 1542.3 1633.0 1727.2 1824.8
1190.8 1202.1 1224.6 1251.4 1277.3 1302.8 1328.0 1378.4 1429.0
1531.8 1637.7 1746.9 1859.8 1976.1 2095.8 1.5883 1.6023 1.6292
1.6594 1.6872 1.7131 1.7375 1.7829 1.8247 1.9005 1.9684 2.0305
2.0881 2.1420 2.1928
160 psia (363.54F) 1111.6 1129.0 1150.7 1171.4 1191.4 1211.3
1250.6 1290.2 1370.9 1454.7 1541.8 1632.6 1726.9 1824.5 1195.5
1218.0 1246.3 1273.2 1299.4 1325.2 1376.3 1427.3 1530.7 1636.9
1746.3 1859.3 1975.7 2095.5 1.5647 1.5914 1.6234 1.6522 1.6788
1.7037 1.7498 1.7920 1.8682 1.9363 1.9986 2.0563 2.1102 2.1610
180 psia (373.07F) 1113.0 1126.3 1148.7 1169.8 1190.2 1210.2
1249.8 1289.5 1329.7 1370.5 1454.3 1541.6 1632.4 1726.7 1824.4
1197.3 1214.5 1243.7 1271.2 1297.7 1323.8 1375.2 1426.5 1478.0
1530.1 1636.5 1746.0 1859.1 1975.6 2095.4 1.5548 1.5752 1.6082
1.6376 1.6646 1.6897 1.7361 1.7785 1.8179 1.8549 1.9231 1.9855
2.0432 2.0971 2.1479
200 psia (381.80F) 1114.1 1123.5 1146.7 1168.2 1188.9 1209.1
1249.0 1288.9 1329.2 1370.1 1454.0 1541.4 1632.2 1726.5 1824.3
1198.8 1210.9 1241.0 1269.0 1296.0 1322.3 1374.1 1425.6 1477.3
1529.6 1636.1 1745.7 1858.8 1975.4 2095.3 1.5460 1.5602 1.5943
1.6243 1.6516 1.6771 1.7238 1.7664 1.8059 1.8430 1.9113 1.9737
2.0315 2.0855 2.1363
225 psia (391.80F) 1115.3 1119.7 1144.1 1166.2 1187.2 1207.7
1248.0 1288.1 1328.5 1369.5 1453.6 1541.1 1632.0 1726.4 1824.1
1200.3 1206.0 1237.6 1266.3 1293.8 1320.5 1372.7 1424.5 1476.5
1528.9 1635.6 1745.4 1858.6 1975.2 2095.1 1.5360 1.5427 1.5783
1.6091 1.6370 1.6628 1.7099 1.7528 1.7925 1.8296 1.8981 1.9606
2.0184 2.0724 2.1232
250 psia (400.97F) 1116.3 1141.3 1164.1 1185.6 1206.3 1226.8
1247.0 1287.3 1327.9 1369.0 1453.3 1540.8 1631.7 1726.2 1823.9
1201.6 1234.0 1263.6 1291.5 1318.6 1345.1 1371.4 1423.5 1475.6
1528.2 1635.0 1745.0 1858.3 1974.9 2094.9 1.5270 1.5636 1.5953
1.6237 1.6499 1.6743 1.6974 1.7406 1.7804 1.8177 1.8863 1.9488
2.0066 2.0607 2.1116
275 psia (409.45F) 1117.0 1138.5 1162.0 1183.9 1204.9 1225.6
1246.0 1286.5 1327.3 1368.5 1452.9 1540.5 1631.5 1726.0 1823.8
1202.6 1230.3 1260.8 1289.3 1316.7 1343.5 1370.0 1422.4 1474.8
1527.4 1634.5 1744.6 1858.0 1974.7 2094.7 1.5187 1.5499 1.5825
1.6115 1.6380 1.6627 1.6860 1.7294 1.7694 1.8068 1.8755 1.9381
1.9960 2.0501 2.1010
300 psia (417.35F) 1117.7 1135.6 1159.8 1182.1 1203.5 1224.4
1244.9 1285.7 1326.6 1367.9 1452.5 1540.2 1631.3 1725.8 1823.6
1203.3 1226.4 1257.9 1287.0 1314.8 1341.9 1368.6 1421.3 1473.9
1526.7 1634.0 1744.2 1857.7 1974.5 2094.6 1.5111 1.5369 1.5706
1.6001 1.6270 1.6520 1.6755 1.7192 1.7593 1.7968 1.8657 1.9284
1.9863 2.0404 2.0913
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Thermodynamics
TABLE A6ESuperheated water (Continued )T F v ft3/lbm P Sat. 450
500 550 600 650 700 800 900 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 1.3263
1.3739 1.4921 1.6004 1.7030 1.8018 1.8979 2.0848 2.2671 2.4464
2.7996 3.1484 3.4947 3.8394 4.1830 P Sat. 500 550 600 650 700 800
900 1000 1100 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 0.92815 0.99304 1.07974
1.15876 1.23312 1.30440 1.44097 1.57252 1.70094 1.82726 1.95211
2.1988 2.4430 2.6856 2.9271 P Sat. 550 600 650 700 750 800 900 1000
1100 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 0.56920 0.61586 0.67799 0.73279
0.78330 0.83102 0.87678 0.96434 1.04841 1.13024 1.21051 1.36797
1.52283 1.67606 1.82823 s u h Btu/ Btu/lbm Btu/lbm lbm R 350 psia
(431.74F) 1118.5 1129.3 1155.2 1178.6 1200.6 1221.9 1242.8 1284.1
1325.3 1366.9 1451.7 1539.6 1630.8 1725.4 1823.3 1204.4 1218.3
1251.9 1282.2 1310.9 1338.6 1365.8 1419.1 1472.2 1525.3 1633.0
1743.5 1857.1 1974.0 2094.2 1.4973 1.5128 1.5487 1.5795 1.6073
1.6328 1.6567 1.7009 1.7414 1.7791 1.8483 1.9111 1.9691 2.0233
2.0742 v ft3/lbm P 1.1617 1.1747 1.2851 1.3840 1.4765 1.5650 1.6507
1.8166 1.9777 2.1358 2.4465 2.7527 3.0565 3.3586 3.6597 P 0.77020
0.79526 0.87542 0.94605 1.01133 1.07316 1.19038 1.30230 1.41097
1.51749 1.62252 1.82957 2.0340 2.2369 2.4387 P 0.44604 0.45375
0.51431 0.56411 0.60844 0.64944 0.68821 0.76136 0.83078 0.89783
0.96327 1.09101 1.21610 1.33956 1.46194 u h Btu/lbm Btu/lbm s Btu/
lbm R v ft3/lbm P 1.0324 1.1233 1.2152 1.3001 1.3807 1.4584 1.6080
1.7526 1.8942 2.1718 2.4450 2.7157 2.9847 3.2527 P 0.65589 0.72799
0.79332 0.85242 0.90769 1.01125 1.10921 1.20381 1.29621 1.38709
1.56580 1.74192 1.91643 2.08987 P 0.34549 0.37894 0.42703 0.46735
0.50344 0.53687 0.59876 0.65656 0.71184 0.76545 0.86944 0.97072
1.07036 1.16892 s u h Btu/ Btu/lbm Btu/lbm lbm R 450 psia (456.31F)
1119.2 1145.4 1171.1 1194.6 1216.9 1238.5 1280.8 1322.7 1364.7
1450.1 1538.4 1629.8 1724.6 1822.6 1205.2 1238.9 1272.3 1302.8
1331.9 1360.0 1414.7 1468.6 1522.4 1631.0 1742.0 1856.0 1973.2
2093.5 1.4742 1.5103 1.5441 1.5737 1.6005 1.6253 1.6706 1.7117
1.7499 1.8196 1.8827 1.9409 1.9952 2.0462
400 psia (444.62F) 1119.0 1122.5 1150.4 1174.9 1197.6 1219.4
1240.7 1282.5 1324.0 1365.8 1450.9 1539.0 1630.3 1725.0 1823.0
1205.0 1209.4 1245.6 1277.3 1306.9 1335.3 1362.9 1417.0 1470.4
1523.9 1632.0 1742.7 1856.5 1973.6 2093.9 1.4852 1.4901 1.5288
1.5610 1.5897 1.6158 1.6401 1.6849 1.7257 1.7636 1.8331 1.8960
1.9541 2.0084 2.0594
500 psia (467.04F) 1119.1 1140.1 1167.1 1191.4 1214.3 1236.4
1279.2 1321.4 1363.6 1406.2 1449.4 1537.8 1629.4 1724.2 1822.3
1205.0 1231.9 1267.0 1298.6 1328.4 1357.0 1412.5 1466.9 1521.0
1575.3 1630.0 1741.2 1855.4 1972.7 2093.1 1.4642 1.4928 1.5284
1.5590 1.5865 1.6117 1.6576 1.6992 1.7376 1.7735 1.8075 1.8708
1.9291 1.9834 2.0345
600 psia (486.24F) 1118.3 1128.2 1158.7 1184.9 1209.0 1231.9
1275.8 1318.7 1361.4 1404.4 1447.8 1536.6 1628.4 1723.4 1821.7
1203.9 1216.5 1255.9 1289.9 1321.3 1351.0 1408.0 1463.3 1518.1
1572.9 1627.9 1739.7 1854.2 1971.8 2092.4 1.4463 1.4596 1.4996
1.5325 1.5614 1.5877 1.6348 1.6771 1.7160 1.7522 1.7865 1.8501
1.9085 1.9630 2.0141
700 psia (503.13F) 1116.9 1149.5 1177.9 1203.4 1227.2 1272.4
1316.0 1359.2 1402.5 1446.2 1535.4 1627.5 1722.7 1821.0 1201.9
1243.8 1280.7 1313.8 1344.8 1403.4 1459.7 1515.2 1570.4 1625.9
1738.2 1853.1 1970.9 2091.7 1.4305 1.4730 1.5087 1.5393 1.5666
1.6150 1.6581 1.6974 1.7341 1.7685 1.8324 1.8911 1.9457 1.9969
800 psia (518.27F) 1115.0 1139.4 1170.5 1197.6 1222.4 1246.0
1268.9 1313.3 1357.0 1400.7 1444.6 1534.2 1626.5 1721.9 1820.4
1199.3 1230.5 1270.9 1306.0 1338.4 1369.1 1398.7 1456.0 1512.2
1568.0 1623.8 1736.7 1851.9 1970.0 2091.0 1.4162 1.4476 1.4866
1.5191 1.5476 1.5735 1.5975 1.6413 1.6812 1.7181 1.7528 1.8170
1.8759 1.9306 1.9819
1000 psia (544.65F) 1110.1 1115.2 1154.1 1185.1 1212.4 1237.6
1261.7 1307.7 1352.5 1396.9 1441.4 1531.8 1624.6 1720.3 1819.1
1192.6 1199.2 1249.3 1289.5 1325.0 1357.8 1389.0 1448.6 1506.2
1563.1 1619.7 1733.7 1849.6 1968.2 2089.6 1.3906 1.3972 1.4457
1.4827 1.5140 1.5418 1.5670 1.6126 1.6535 1.6911 1.7263 1.7911
1.8504 1.9053 1.9568
1250 psia (572.45F) 1102.0 1129.5 1167.5 1198.7 1226.4 1252.2
1300.5 1346.7 1392.2 1437.4 1528.7 1622.2 1718.4 1817.5 1181.9
1217.2 1266.3 1306.8 1342.9 1376.4 1439.0 1498.6 1556.8 1614.5
1729.8 1846.7 1966.0 2087.9 1.3623 1.3961 1.4414 1.4771 1.5076
1.5347 1.5826 1.6249 1.6635 1.6993 1.7649 1.8246 1.8799 1.9315
cen84959_ap02.qxd 4/27/05 3:02 PM Page 947
Appendix 2 TABLE A6ESuperheated water (Concluded)T F v ft3/lbm P
Sat. 600 650 700 750 800 850 900 1000 1100 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000
0.27695 0.28189 0.33310 0.37198 0.40535 0.43550 0.46356 0.49015
0.54031 0.58781 0.63355 0.72172 0.80714 0.89090 0.97358 P Sat. 650
700 750 800 850 900 950 1000 1100 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 0.13076
0.16849 0.20327 0.22949 0.25174 0.27165 0.29001 0.30726 0.33949
0.36966 0.42631 0.48004 0.53205 0.58295 u Btu/lbm s h Btu/ Btu/lbm
lbm R v ft3/lbm P 0.22681 0.26292 0.30252 0.33455 0.36266 0.38835
0.41238 0.45719 0.49917 0.53932 0.61621 0.69031 0.76273 0.83406 P
0.08460 0.09838 0.14840 0.17601 0.19771 0.21640 0.23321 0.24876
0.27732 0.30367 0.35249 0.39830 0.44237 0.48532 u h Btu/lbm Btu/lbm
s Btu/ lbm R v ft3/lbm P 0.18815 0.20586 0.24894 0.28074 0.30763
0.33169 0.35390 0.39479 0.43266 0.46864 0.53708 0.60269 0.66660
0.72942
|
947
s u h Btu/ Btu/lbm Btu/lbm lbm R 2000 psia (635.85F) 1066.8
1091.4 1147.6 1187.4 1220.5 1250.0 1277.5 1328.7 1377.5 1425.1
1519.5 1615.0 1712.5 1812.6 P 1136.4 1167.6 1239.8 1291.3 1334.3
1372.8 1408.5 1474.9 1537.6 1598.5 1718.3 1838.0 1959.2 2082.6
1.2863 1.3146 1.3783 1.4218 1.4567 1.4867 1.5134 1.5606 1.6021
1.6400 1.7081 1.7693 1.8255 1.8778
1500 psia (596.26F) 1092.1 1097.2 1147.2 1183.6 1214.4 1242.2
1268.2 1293.1 1340.9 1387.3 1433.3 1525.7 1619.8 1716.4 1815.9
1169.0 1175.4 1239.7 1286.9 1326.9 1363.1 1396.9 1429.2 1490.8
1550.5 1609.2 1726.0 1843.8 1963.7 2086.1 1.3362 1.3423 1.4016
1.4433 1.4771 1.5064 1.5328 1.5569 1.6007 1.6402 1.6767 1.7432
1.8033 1.8589 1.9108
1750 psia (617.17F) 1080.5 1122.8 1166.8 1201.5 1231.7 1259.3
1285.4 1334.9 1382.4 1429.2 1522.6 1617.4 1714.5 1814.2 1153.9
1207.9 1264.7 1309.8 1349.1 1385.1 1419.0 1482.9 1544.1 1603.9
1722.1 1840.9 1961.5 2084.3 1.3112 1.3607 1.4108 1.4489 1.4807
1.5088 1.5341 1.5796 1.6201 1.6572 1.7245 1.7852 1.8410 1.8931
2500 psia (668.17F) 1031.2 1098.4 1154.9 1195.9 1230.1 1260.7
1289.1 1316.1 1367.3 1416.6 1513.3 1610.1 1708.6 1809.4 P 1091.7
1176.3 1249.0 1302.0 1346.6 1386.4 1423.3 1458.2 1524.4 1587.6
1710.5 1832.2 1954.8 2079.1 1.2330 1.3072 1.3686 1.4116 1.4463
1.4761 1.5028 1.5271 1.5710 1.6103 1.6802 1.7424 1.7991 1.8518
3000 psia (695.41F) 969.8 1005.3 1114.1 1167.5 1208.2 1242.8
1273.9 1302.8 1356.8 1408.0 1507.0 1605.3 1704.7 1806.1 P 1016.8
1059.9 1196.5 1265.3 1317.9 1362.9 1403.3 1440.9 1510.8 1576.6
1702.7 1826.4 1950.3 2075.6 1.1587 1.1960 1.3118 1.3676 1.4086
1.4423 1.4716 1.4978 1.5441 1.5850 1.6567 1.7199 1.7773 1.8304
0.02492 0.03065 0.10460 0.13639 0.15847 0.17659 0.19245 0.20687
0.23289 0.25654 0.29978 0.33994 0.37833 0.41561
3500 psia 679.9 779.9 1125.4 1222.6 1286.5 1337.8 1382.4 1423.0
1496.9 1565.4 1694.8 1820.5 1945.8 2072.1 0.8632 0.9511 1.2434
1.3224 1.3721 1.4106 1.4428 1.4711 1.5201 1.5627 1.6364 1.7006
1.7586 1.8121
663.7 760.0 1057.6 1134.3 1183.8 1223.4 1257.8 1289.0 1346.1
1399.3 1500.7 1600.4 1700.8 1802.9 P
4000 psia 676.1 763.6 1009.2 1172.1 1251.8 1310.9 1360.5 1404.4
1482.8 1554.1 1621.6 1687.0 1814.7 1941.4 2068.6 0.8577 0.9347
1.1410 1.2734 1.3355 1.3799 1.4157 1.4463 1.4983 1.5426 1.5821
1.6182 1.6835 1.7422 1.7961 0.02379 0.02678 0.03373 0.05937 0.08551
0.10390 0.11863 0.13128 0.15298 0.17185 0.18902 0.20508 0.23505
0.26320 0.29023
5000 psia 670.3 746.6 853.0 1041.8 1171.5 1252.1 1313.6 1365.5
1453.8 1531.1 1602.7 1671.1 1803.1 1932.5 2061.7 0.8485 0.9156
1.0054 1.1581 1.2593 1.3198 1.3643 1.4004 1.4590 1.5070 1.5490
1.5868 1.6542 1.7142 1.7689 0.02325 0.02564 0.02981 0.03949 0.05815
0.07584 0.09010 0.10208 0.12211 0.13911 0.15434 0.16841 0.19438
0.21853 0.24155
6000 psia 666.1 736.5 821.8 941.0 1083.1 1187.7 1263.7 1324.7
1424.0 1507.8 1583.8 1655.4 1791.5 1923.7 2054.9 0.8408 0.9028
0.9747 1.0711 1.1819 1.2603 1.3153 1.3578 1.4237 1.4758 1.5203
1.5598 1.6294 1.6907 1.7463
650 700 750 800 850 900 950 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1600 1800
2000
0.02448 0.02871 0.06370 0.10520 0.12848 0.14647 0.16176 0.17538
0.19957 0.22121 0.24128 0.26028 0.29620 0.33033 0.36335
657.9 742.3 962.1 1094.2 1156.7 1202.5 1240.7 1274.6 1335.1
1390.3 1443.0 1494.3 1595.5 1696.8 1799.7
648.3 721.8 821.8 986.9 1092.4 1155.9 1203.9 1244.0 1312.2
1372.1 1427.8 1481.4 1585.6 1689.0 1793.2
640.3 708.1 788.7 897.1 1018.6 1103.5 1163.7 1211.4 1288.4
1353.4 1412.5 1468.4 1575.7 1681.1 1786.7
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Thermodynamics
TABLE A7ECompressed liquid waterT F v ft3/lbm P Sat. 32 50 100
150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 0.019750 0.015994 0.015998
0.016107 0.016317 0.016607 0.016972 0.017417 0.017954 0.018609
0.019425 u h Btu/lbm Btu/lbm s v Btu/lbm R ft3/lbm P 0.021595
0.015966 0.015972 0.016083 0.016292 0.016580 0.016941 0.017380
0.017910 0.018552 0.019347 0.020368 P 0.034335 0.015859 0.015870
0.015988 0.016475 0.017242 0.018338 0.019062 0.019960 0.021405
0.022759 0.024765 0.028821 u h s v Btu/lbm Btu/lbm Btu/lbm R
ft3/lbm 1000 psia (544.65F) 538.58 0.03 17.99 67.69 117.42 167.31
217.51 268.24 319.77 372.48 426.93 484.03 542.57 2.99 20.95 70.67
120.43 170.38 220.65 271.46 323.08 375.91 430.51 487.80 0.74341
0.00005 0.03593 0.12899 0.21416 0.29289 0.36634 0.43551 0.50132
0.56463 0.62635 0.68764 P 0.023456 0.015939 0.015946 0.016059
0.016267 0.016553 0.016911 0.017345 0.017866 0.018496 0.019271
0.020258 0.021595 u h s Btu/lbm Btu/lbm Btu/lbm R 1500 psia
(596.26F) 605.07 0.05 17.95 67.53 117.14 166.92 217.00 267.57
318.91 371.37 425.47 482.01 542.50 P 0.015756 0.015773 0.015897
0.016375 0.017112 0.018145 0.018812 0.019620 0.020862 0.021943
0.023358 0.025366 0.026777 611.58 4.48 22.38 71.98 121.66 171.52
221.69 272.39 323.87 376.51 430.82 487.63 548.50 0.80836 0.00008
0.03584 0.12869 0.21369 0.29229 0.36560 0.43463 0.50025 0.56333
0.62472 0.68550 0.74731
500 psia (467.04F) 447.68 0.01 18.03 67.86 117.70 167.70 218.04
268.92 320.64 373.61 428.44 449.51 1.49 19.51 69.35 119.21 169.24
219.61 270.53 322.30 375.33 430.24 0.64900 0.00001 0.03601 0.12930
0.21462 0.29349 0.36708 0.43641 0.50240 0.56595 0.62802
P Sat. 32 50 100 200 300 400 450 500 560 600 640 680 700
0.025634 0.015912 0.015921 0.016035 0.016527 0.017310 0.018442
0.019199 0.020154 0.021739 0.023317
2000 psia (635.85F) 662.33 0.07 17.91 67.36 166.54 266.92 370.30
424.06 480.08 552.21 605.77 671.82 5.96 23.80 73.30 172.66 273.33
377.12 431.16 487.54 560.26 614.40 0.86224 0.00010 0.03574 0.12838
0.29170 0.43376 0.56205 0.62314 0.68346 0.75692 0.80898
3000 psia (695.41F) 783.39 0.10 17.83 67.04 165.79 265.65 368.22
421.36 476.45 546.59 597.42 654.52 728.63 802.45 8.90 26.64 75.91
174.94 275.22 378.41 431.94 487.53 558.47 610.06 668.27 744.64
0.97321 0.00011 0.03554 0.12776 0.29053 0.43204 0.55959 0.62010
0.67958 0.75126 0.80086 0.85476 0.92288
5000 psia 14.71 32.25 81.12 179.51 279.07 381.14 433.80 488.10
556.38 604.72 656.56 714.14 746.56 0.00002 0.03505 0.12652 0.28824
0.42874 0.55492 0.61445 0.67254 0.74154 0.78803 0.83603 0.88745
0.91564
0.13 17.65 66.41 164.36 263.24 364.35 416.40 469.94 537.08
584.42 634.95 690.67 721.78
cen84959_ap02.qxd 4/27/05 3:02 PM Page 949
Appendix 2 TABLE A8ESaturated icewater vaporSpecific volume,
ft3/lbm Sat. ice, vi Sat. vapor, vg Sat. ice, ui143.34 143.35
144.35 146.85 149.32 151.76 154.18 156.57 158.94 161.28 163.60
165.90 168.16 170.41 172.63 174.83 177.00
|
949
Temp., T F32.018 32 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
40
Sat. press., Psat psia0.08871 0.08864 0.08086 0.06405 0.05049
0.03960 0.03089 0.02397 0.01850 0.01420 0.01083 0.00821 0.00619
0.00463 0.00344 0.00254 0.00186
Internal energy, Btu/lbm Subl., uig1164.2 1164.2 1164.6 1165.4
1166.2 1167.0 1167.8 1168.5 1169.2 1169.9 1170.6 1171.2 1171.8
1172.4 1173.0 1173.5 1174.0
Enthalpy, Btu/lbm Sat. ice, hi143.34 143.35 144.35 146.85 149.32
151.76 154.18 156.57 158.94 161.28 163.60 165.90 168.16 170.41
172.63 174.83 177.00
Entropy, Btu/Ibm R Sat. vapor, hg1075.0 1075.0 1074.2 1072.0
1069.8 1067.6 1065.4 1063.1 1060.9 1058.7 1056.5 1054.3 1052.1
1049.9 1047.7 1045.5 1043.3
Sat. vapor, ug1020.9 1020.9 1020.2 1018.6 1016.9 1015.2 1013.6
1011.9 1010.3 1008.6 1007.0 1005.3 1003.6 1002.0 1000.3 998.7
997.0
Subl., hig1218.3 1218.4 1218.5 1218.8 1219.1 1219.3 1219.5
1219.7 1219.9 1220.0 1220.1 1220.2 1220.3 1220.3 1220.3 1220.3
1220.3
Sat. ice, si0.29146 0.29148 0.29353 0.29865 0.30377 0.30889
0.31401 0.31913 0.32426 0.32938 0.33451 0.33964 0.34478 0.34991
0.35505 0.36019 0.36534
Subl., sig2.4779 2.4779 2.4883 2.5146 2.5414 2.5687 2.5965
2.6248 2.6537 2.6832 2.7133 2.7440 2.7754 2.8074 2.8401 2.8735
2.9076
Sat. vapor, sg2.1864 2.1865 2.1948 2.2160 2.2376 2.2598 2.2825
2.3057 2.3295 2.3538 2.3788 2.4044 2.4306 2.4575 2.4850 2.5133
2.5423
0.01747 3299.6 0.01747 3302.6 0.01747 3605.8 0.01746 4505.8
0.01746 5657.6 0.01745 7138.9 0.01744 9054.0 0.01743 11,543 0.01743
14,797 0.01742 19,075 0.01741 24,731 0.01740 32,257 0.01740 42,335
0.01739 55,917 0.01738 74,345 0.01738 99,526 0.01737 134,182
cen84959_ap02.qxd 4/27/05 3:02 PM Page 950
950
|
Thermodynamics1800
Constant n Pressure lbf/in 2
13
1780
00
1500
17601740
12
50
15001500 0
1211
00
1400
1720
10000 8000 5000 6000 3 204 4000 2 5 00 3000
1700
50
1400
16801 000
1110
130000
1660400 300 200
1640
50
100
0.1 1
130
600
0
162060 0
10
120000
30
0.05053
0.2
120 0
1600
14.696
95
0
10
15800.41560
110090
0
62
0.6
110 0
1540
8580750
0
4
1520
10000
15001480
100 0150 00 100 80 00 00
1
900706500
1460
900 800 700
32
400
04
0
5
14201400
6055
0
bm
00
20
0.0 0.03 5 60 53
me ft 3/l
1360
20
25
00
3
00
1380
0
700
505010045
00
0
10
1320
Con stan t Qu ality , Pe rcen t
1000
0 .4
400
1 280
2000
500
600
0.2
1300
0 Constant Enthalpy Btu/lbm 35 030
C o n sta
500
40
200
1 0.
n t V olu
600
1340
15
00
0
600
500
300
0.6
1 2601 240
0
400
200
1
2520
0
400
100
12201 20
2
0
1220
60
0
1530
0
12003001180
1 4 .6
C o ns
ta nt V
ol
3 /l b m u m e ft
96
5
1020
1050
01160
10
504 4 4 450
0 .5
2007 70
1
100
85
0
90
0
2
95
0
10
10 5 00 085
11
00
4
1140
200
6
95
1120
35
45
30
40
25
15
20
10
10002000
0 .1
500
0 .2
1100
100 60 32 2.4
0.0
5
0.5
1.0 Entropy, Btu/lbmR
1.5
2.0
FIGURE A9E T-s diagram for water.Source: Joseph H. Keenan,
Frederick G. Keyes, Philip G. Hill, and Joan G. Moore, Steam Tables
(New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1969).
Temperature, F
00 60 00 50
2
1440
800
10
0
F h t rhea S Supe t stant Cons
0 800 b lbm B / y Btu th p nthal stant E Consta 70 700
0 1 115 0 1 110
0 0 100
900
600
5 500
4 40070
0 400
7 75
0 65
5 500
3 3 3 350
5 5 50 55
00 60
0
0
300
50 50 50 250
200
90
8 80
75
150
5 65
100
6 60
5 55
5 50
50 50 50 50
cen84959_ap02.qxd 4/27/05 3:02 PM Page 951
Appendix 2Entropy, Btu/lbm R 1.510,00 0 psi a 5000
|
951
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9 F 1100F
2.0
2.1
2.2
1600
15503204 200 0
1000
100 0
500
1500900
300 200
1450 Enthalpy, Btu / lbm800
100
psia
F 700F
50
1400
600
20
135010
13008 5 6 2p 3 4 sia
500
1250
400
300 satu line ration x= 0.9 8 0.9 6 0.9 4 0.9 2 0.9 0 0.8 8 0.
8684 0.2 2 2 0...8 0 . 0 . 0 0.8
12001.0
0. 5
200F 200 200F
11500. 2
100
2.2
1100 2.1 1050 2.0 1000 1.9 950
FIGURE A10E Mollier diagram for water.Source: Joseph H. Keenan,
Frederick G. Keyes, Philip G. Hill, and Joan G. Moore, Steam Tables
(New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1969).
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7 1.8 Entropy, Btu/lbm R
cen84959_ap02.qxd 4/27/05 3:02 PM Page 952
952
|
Thermodynamics
TABLE A11ESaturated refrigerant-134aTemperature tableSpecific
volume, ft3/lbm Sat. Temp., press., T F Psat psia 40 35 30 25 20 15
10 5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100
105 110 115 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 7.432 8.581
9.869 11.306 12.906 14.680 16.642 18.806 21.185 23.793 26.646
29.759 33.147 36.826 40.813 45.124 49.776 54.787 60.175 65.957
72.152 78.780 85.858 93.408 101.45 110.00 119.08 128.72 138.93
149.73 161.16 173.23 185.96 213.53 244.06 277.79 314.94 355.80
400.66 449.90 504.00 563.76 Sat. liquid, vf 0.01130 0.01136 0.01143
0.01150 0.01156 0.01163 0.01171 0.01178 0.01185 0.01193 0.01201
0.01209 0.01217 0.01225 0.01234 0.01242 0.01251 0.01261 0.01270
0.01280 0.01290 0.01301 0.01312 0.01323 0.01334 0.01347 0.01359
0.01372 0.01386 0.01400 0.01415 0.01430 0.01446 0.01482 0.01521
0.01567 0.01619 0.01681 0.01759 0.01860 0.02009 0.02309 Sat. vapor,
vg 5.7796 5.0509 4.4300 3.8988 3.4426 3.0494 2.7091 2.4137 2.1564
1.9316 1.7345 1.5612 1.4084 1.2732 1.1534 1.0470 0.95205 0.86727
0.79136 0.72323 0.66195 0.60671 0.55681 0.51165 0.47069 0.43348
0.39959 0.36869 0.34045 0.31460 0.29090 0.26913 0.24909 0.21356
0.18315 0.15692 0.13410 0.11405 0.09618 0.07990 0.06441 0.04722
Internal energy, Btu/lbm Sat. liquid, uf 0.016 1.484 2.990 4.502
6.019 7.543 9.073 10.609 12.152 13.702 15.259 16.823 18.394 19.973
21.560 23.154 24.757 26.369 27.990 29.619 31.258 32.908 34.567
36.237 37.919 39.612 41.317 43.036 44.768 46.514 48.276 50.054
51.849 55.495 59.226 63.059 67.014 71.126 75.448 80.082 85.267
91.986 Evap., ufg 89.167 88.352 87.532 86.706 85.874 85.036 84.191
83.339 82.479 81.610 80.733 79.846 78.950 78.043 77.124 76.195
75.253 74.298 73.329 72.346 71.347 70.333 69.301 68.251 67.181
66.091 64.979 63.844 62.683 61.496 60.279 59.031 57.749 55.071
52.216 49.144 45.799 42.097 37.899 32.950 26.651 16.498 Sat. vapor,
ug 89.15 89.84 90.52 91.21 91.89 92.58 93.26 93.95 94.63 95.31
95.99 96.67 97.34 98.02 98.68 99.35 100.01 100.67 101.32 101.97
102.61 103.24 103.87 104.49 105.10 105.70 106.30 106.88 107.45
108.01 108.56 109.08 109.60 110.57 111.44 112.20 112.81 113.22
113.35 113.03 111.92 108.48 Enthalpy, Btu/lbm Sat. liquid, hf 0.000
1.502 3.011 4.526 6.047 7.574 9.109 10.650 12.199 13.755 15.318
16.889 18.469 20.056 21.653 23.258 24.873 26.497 28.131 29.775
31.431 33.097 34.776 36.466 38.169 39.886 41.617 43.363 45.124
46.902 48.698 50.512 52.346 56.080 59.913 63.864 67.958 72.233
76.752 81.631 87.140 94.395 Evap., hfg Sat. vapor, hg Sat. liquid,
sf 0.00000 0.00355 0.00708 0.01058 0.01405 0.01749 0.02092 0.02431
0.02769 0.03104 0.03438 0.03769 0.04098 0.04426 0.04752 0.05076
0.05398 0.05720 0.06039 0.06358 0.06675 0.06991 0.07306 0.07620
0.07934 0.08246 0.08559 0.08870 0.09182 0.09493 0.09804 0.10116
0.10428 0.11054 0.11684 0.12321 0.12970 0.13634 0.14323 0.15055
0.15867 0.16922 Entropy, Btu/lbm R Evap., sfg 0.23135 0.22687
0.22248 0.21817 0.21394 0.20978 0.20569 0.20166 0.19770 0.19380
0.18996 0.18617 0.18243 0.17874 0.17509 0.17148 0.16791 0.16437
0.16087 0.15740 0.15396 0.15053 0.14713 0.14375 0.14038 0.13703
0.13368 0.13033 0.12699 0.12365 0.12029 0.11693 0.11354 0.10670
0.09971 0.09251 0.08499 0.07701 0.06835 0.05857 0.04666 0.02839
Sat. vapor, sg 0.23135 0.23043 0.22956 0.22875 0.22798 0.22727
0.22660 0.22598 0.22539 0.22485 0.22434 0.22386 0.22341 0.22300
0.22260 0.22224 0.22189 0.22157 0.22127 0.22098 0.22070 0.22044
0.22019 0.21995 0.21972 0.21949 0.21926 0.21904 0.21881 0.21858
0.21834 0.21809 0.21782 0.21724 0.21655 0.21572 0.21469 0.21335
0.21158 0.20911 0.20533 0.19761
97.100 97.10 96.354 97.86 95.601 98.61 94.839 99.36 94.068
100.12 93.288 100.86 92.498 101.61 91.698 90.886 90.062 89.226
88.377 87.514 86.636 85.742 84.833 83.907 82.963 82.000 81.017
80.013 78.988 77.939 76.866 75.767 74.641 73.485 72.299 71.080
69.825 68.533 67.200 65.823 62.924 59.801 56.405 52.671 48.499
43.726 38.053 30.785 19.015 102.35 103.08 103.82 104.54 105.27
105.98 106.69 107.40 108.09 108.78 109.46 110.13 110.79 111.44
112.09 112.71 113.33 113.94 114.53 115.10 115.66 116.20 116.73
117.23 117.71 118.17 119.00 119.71 120.27 120.63 120.73 120.48
119.68 117.93 113.41
Source: Tables A11E through A13E are generated using the
Engineering Equation Solver (EES) software developed by S. A. Klein
and F. L. Alvarado. The routine used in calculations is the R134a,
which is based on the fundamental equation of state developed by R.
Tillner-Roth and H.D. Baehr, An International Standard Formulation
for the Thermodynamic Properties of 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane
(HFC-134a) for Temperatures from 170 K to 455 K and Pressures up to
70 MPa, J. Phys. Chem, Ref. Data, Vol. 23, No. 5, 1994. The
enthalpy and entropy values of saturated liquid are set to zero at
40C (and 40F).
cen84959_ap02.qxd 4/27/05 3:02 PM Page 953
Appendix 2 TABLE A12ESaturated refrigerant-134aPressure
tableSpecific volume, ft3/lbm Sat. temp., T F 53.09 29.52 14.15
2.43 7.17 15.37 22.57 29.01 34.86 40.23 45.20 49.84 54.20 58.30
62.19 65.89 69.41 72.78 76.02 79.12 85.00 90.49 95.64 100.51 105.12
109.50 113.69 117.69 121.53 125.22 132.21 138.73 144.85 150.62
156.09 168.64 179.86 190.02 199.29 Sat. liquid, vf 0.01113 0.01144
0.01165 0.01182 0.01196 0.01209 0.01221 0.01232 0.01242 0.01252
0.01261 0.01270 0.01279 0.01287 0.01295 0.01303 0.01310 0.01318
0.01325 0.01332 0.01347 0.01360 0.01374 0.01387 0.01400 0.01413
0.01426 0.01439 0.01452 0.01464 0.01490 0.01516 0.01543 0.01570
0.01598 0.01672 0.01757 0.01860 0.01995 Sat. vapor, vg 8.3785
4.3753 2.9880 2.2772 1.8429 1.5492 1.3369 1.1760 1.0497 0.94791
0.86400 0.79361 0.73370 0.68205 0.63706 0.59750 0.56244 0.53113
0.50301 0.47760 0.43347 0.39644 0.36491 0.33771 0.31401 0.29316
0.27466 0.25813 0.24327 0.22983 0.20645 0.18677 0.16996 0.15541
0.14266 0.11664 0.09642 0.07987 0.06551 Sat. liquid, uf 3.918 3.135
7.803 11.401 14.377 16.939 19.205 21.246 23.110 24.832 26.435
27.939 29.357 30.700 31.979 33.201 34.371 35.495 36.578 37.623
39.612 41.485 43.258 44.945 46.556 48.101 49.586 51.018 52.402
53.743 56.310 58.746 61.071 63.301 65.452 70.554 75.385 80.092
84.871 Internal energy, Btu/lbm Sat. vapor, ug 87.36 90.59 92.70
94.30 95.61 96.72 97.69 98.55 99.33 100.04 100.69 101.30 101.86
102.39 102.88 103.35 103.79 104.21 104.61 104.99 105.70 106.35
106.95 107.51 108.02 108.50 108.95 109.36 109.75 110.11 110.77
111.34 111.83 112.25 112.60 113.18 113.35 113.03 112.04 Sat.
liquid, hf 3.907 3.156 7.835 11.445 14.432 17.006 19.284 21.337
23.214 24.948 26.564 28.080 29.510 30.867 32.159 33.394 34.577
35.715 36.811 37.869 39.886 41.787 43.589 45.304 46.945 48.519
50.035 51.497 52.912 54.285 56.917 59.419 61.813 64.115 66.339
71.638 76.686 81.641 86.718 Enthalpy, Btu/lbm Sat. vapor, hg 95.11
98.68 100.99 102.73 104.13 105.32 106.35 107.26 108.07 108.81
109.49 110.11 110.69 111.22 111.73 112.20 112.64 113.06 113.46
113.83 114.53 115.16 115.73 116.26 116.74 117.18 117.59 117.96
118.30 118.62 119.17 119.63 120.00 120.30 120.52 120.74 120.48
119.68 118.10 Sat. liquid, sf 0.00945 0.00742 0.01808 0.02605
0.03249 0.03793 0.04267 0.04688 0.05067 0.05413 0.05733 0.06029
0.06307 0.06567 0.06813 0.07047 0.07269 0.07481 0.07684 0.07879
0.08246 0.08589 0.08911 0.09214 0.09501 0.09774 0.10034 0.10284
0.10524 0.10754 0.11192 0.11603 0.11992 0.12362 0.12715 0.13542
0.14314 0.15056 0.15805 Entropy, Btu/lbm R
|
953
Press., P psia 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85
90 95 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 220 240 260 280
300 350 400 450 500
Evap., ufg 91.280 87.453 84.893 82.898 81.231 79.780 78.485
77.307 76.221 75.209 74.258 73.360 72.505 71.688 70.905 70.151
69.424 68.719 68.035 67.371 66.091 64.869 63.696 62.564 61.467
60.401 59.362 58.345 57.349 56.371 54.458 52.591 50.757 48.945
47.143 42.627 37.963 32.939 27.168
Evap., hfg 99.022 95.528 93.155 91.282 89.701 88.313 87.064
85.920 84.858 83.863 82.924 82.030 81.176 80.357 79.567 78.804
78.064 77.345 76.645 75.962 74.641 73.371 72.144 70.954 69.795
68.662 67.553 66.464 65.392 64.335 62.256 60.213 58.192 56.184
54.176 49.099 43.798 38.041 31.382
Evap., sfg 0.24353 0.22206 0.20908 0.19962 0.19213 0.18589
0.18053 0.17580 0.17158 0.16774 0.16423 0.16098 0.15796 0.15512
0.15245 0.14993 0.14753 0.14525 0.14307 0.14097 0.13703 0.13335
0.12990 0.12665 0.12357 0.12062 0.11781 0.11511 0.11250 0.10998
0.10517 0.10061 0.09625 0.09205 0.08797 0.07814 0.06848 0.05854
0.04762
Sat. vapor, sg 0.23408 0.22948 0.22715 0.22567 0.22462 0.22383
0.22319 0.22268 0.22225 0.22188 0.22156 0.22127 0.22102 0.22080
0.22059 0.22040 0.22022 0.22006 0.21991 0.21976 0.21949 0.21924
0.21901 0.21879 0.21857 0.21836 0.21815 0.21795 0.21774 0.21753
0.21710 0.21665 0.21617 0.21567 0.21512 0.21356 0.21161 0.20911
0.20566
cen84959_ap02.qxd 4/27/05 3:02 PM Page 954
954
|
Thermodynamics
TABLE A13ESuperheated refrigerant-134aT F v ft3/lbm P Sat. 20 0
20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 4.3753 4.4856 4.7135 4.9380
5.1600 5.3802 5.5989 5.8165 6.0331 6.2490 6.4642 6.6789 6.8930
7.1068 P Sat. 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280
1.5492 1.5691 1.6528 1.7338 1.8130 1.8908 1.9675 2.0434 2.1185
2.1931 2.2671 2.3408 2.4141 2.4871 2.5598 P Sat. 60 80 100 120 140
160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300 320 0.7936 0.8179 0.8636 0.9072
0.9495 0.9908 1.0312 1.0709 1.1101 1.1489 1.1872 1.2252 1.2629
1.3004 1.3377 s u h Btu/ Btu/lbm Btu/lbm lbm R 10 psia (Tsat 90.59
92.13 95.41 98.77 102.20 105.72 109.32 113.01 116.79 120.66 124.61
128.65 132.77 136.98 29.52F) 0.22948 0.23350 0.24174 0.24976
0.25761 0.26531 0.27288 0.28033 0.28767 0.29490 0.30203 0.30908
0.31604 0.32292 v ft3/lbm P 2.9880 3.1001 3.2551 3.4074 3.5577
3.7064 3.8540 4.0006 4.1464 4.2915 4.4361 4.5802 4.7239 P 1.1760
1.2126 1.2768 1.3389 1.3995 1.4588 1.5173 1.5750 1.6321 1.6887
1.7449 1.8007 1.8562 1.9114 P 0.6821 0.6857 0.7271 0.7662 0.8037
0.8401 0.8756 0.9105 0.9447 0.9785 1.0118 1.0449 1.0776 1.1101
1.1424 u Btu/lbm s h Btu/ Btu/lbm lbm R 14.15F) 0.22715 0.23310
0.24127 0.24922 0.25700 0.26463 0.27212 0.27950 0.28677 0.29393
0.30100 0.30798 0.31487 v ft3/lbm P 2.2772 2.2922 2.4130 2.5306
2.6461 2.7600 2.8726 2.9842 3.0950 3.2051 3.3146 3.4237 3.5324 P
0.9479 s u h Btu/ Btu/lbm Btu/lbm lbm R 20 psia (Tsat 94.30 94.72
98.19 101.70 105.28 108.93 112.66 116.47 120.37 124.35 128.41
132.55 136.78 2.43F) 0.22567 0.22671 0.23504 0.24311 0.25097
0.25866 0.26621 0.27363 0.28093 0.28812 0.29521 0.30221 0.30912
15 psia (Tsat 92.70 95.08 98.48 101.95 105.50 109.13 112.84
116.63 120.51 124.48 128.53 132.66 136.88
98.68 100.43 104.14 107.91 111.75 115.67 119.68 123.78 127.96
132.22 136.57 141.01 145.53 150.13
100.99 103.68 107.52 111.41 115.38 119.42 123.54 127.74 132.02
136.39 140.84 145.37 149.99
102.73 103.20 107.12 111.07 115.07 119.15 123.29 127.52 131.82
136.21 140.67 145.22 149.85
30 psia (Tsat 96.72 97.56 101.17 104.82 108.53 112.30 116.15
120.08 124.08 128.16 132.32 136.57 140.89 145.30 149.78
15.37F) 0.22383 0.22581 0.23414 0.24219 0.25002 0.25767 0.26517
0.27254 0.27979 0.28693 0.29398 0.30092 0.30778 0.31456 0.32126
40 psia (Tsat 98.55 100.61 104.34 108.11 111.93 115.82 119.78
123.81 127.91 132.10 136.36 140.70 145.12 149.61
29.01F) 0.22268 0.22738 0.23565 0.24363 0.25140 0.25900 0.26644
0.27375 0.28095 0.28803 0.29501 0.30190 0.30871 0.31543
50 psia (Tsat 100.04
40.23F) 0.22188
105.32 106.27 110.35 114.45 118.59 122.80 127.07 131.42 135.84
140.34 144.91 149.56 154.29 159.10 163.99
107.26 109.58 113.79 118.02 122.29 126.62 131.01 135.47 140.00
144.60 149.27 154.03 158.86 163.76
108.81
1.0019 1.0540 1.1043 1.1534 1.2015 1.2488 1.2955 1.3416 1.3873
1.4326 1.4776 1.5223 P 0.59750 0.62430 0.66009 0.69415 0.72698
0.75888 0.79003 0.82059 0.85065 0.88030 0.90961 0.93861 0.96737
0.99590
103.84 107.68 111.55 115.48 119.47 123.53 127.66 131.87 136.15
140.50 144.93 149.44
113.11 117.43 121.77 126.16 130.59 135.09 139.65 144.28 148.98
153.76 158.60 163.53
0.23031 0.23847 0.24637 0.25406 0.26159 0.26896 0.27621 0.28333
0.29036 0.29728 0.30411 0.31086
60 psia (Tsat 101.30 103.31 107.23 111.16 115.14 119.16 123.25
127.41 131.63 135.93 140.30 144.75 149.27 153.87 158.54
49.84F) 0.22127 0.22570 0.23407 0.24211 0.24991 0.25751 0.26496
0.27226 0.27943 0.28649 0.29344 0.30030 0.30707 0.31376 0.32037
70 psia (Tsat 102.39 102.73 106.76 110.76 114.78 118.85 122.97
127.15 131.40 135.71 140.10 144.56 149.10 153.71 158.39
58.30F) 0.22080 0.22155 0.23016 0.23836 0.24628 0.25398 0.26149
0.26885 0.27607 0.28317 0.29015 0.29704 0.30384 0.31055 0.31718
80 psia (Tsat 103.35 106.26 110.34 114.42 118.52 122.68 126.89
131.16 135.49 139.90 144.37 148.92 153.54 158.24
65.89F) 0.22040 0.22661 0.23499 0.24304 0.25083 0.25841 0.26583
0.27310 0.28024 0.28726 0.29418 0.30100 0.30773 0.31438
110.11 112.39 116.82 121.24 125.68 130.16 134.70 139.30 143.96
148.69 153.48 158.35 163.29 168.31 173.39
111.22 111.62 116.18 120.68 125.19 129.73 134.31 138.94 143.63
148.39 153.21 158.10 163.06 168.09 173.19
112.20 115.51 120.11 124.69 129.29 133.91 138.58 143.31 148.09
152.93 157.84 162.82 167.86 172.98
cen84959_ap02.qxd 4/27/05 3:02 PM Page 955
Appendix 2 TABLE A13ESuperheated refrigerant-134a (Concluded )T
F v ft3/lbm P Sat. 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300
320 0.53113 0.54388 0.57729 0.60874 0.63885 0.66796 0.69629 0.72399
0.75119 0.77796 0.80437 0.83048 0.85633 0.88195 P Sat. 120 140 160
180 200 220 240 260 280 300 320 340 360 0.33771 0.36243 0.38551
0.40711 0.42766 0.44743 0.46657 0.48522 0.50345 0.52134 0.53895
0.55630 0.57345 0.59041 P Sat. 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300
320 340 360 0.22983 0.24541 0.26412 0.28115 0.29704 0.31212 0.32658
0.34054 0.35410 0.36733 0.38029 0.39300 0.40552 u Btu/lbm h Btu/lbm
s Btu/ lbm R v ft3/lbm P 0.47760 0.47906 0.51076 0.54022 0.56821
0.59513 0.62122 0.64667 0.67158 0.69605 0.72016 0.74396 0.76749
0.79079 P u Btu/lbm h Btu/lbm s Btu/ lbm R v ft3/lbm P u h Btu/lbm
Btu/lbm 120 psia (Tsat
|
955
s Btu/ lbm R
90 psia (Tsat 104.21 105.74 109.91 114.04 118.19 122.38 126.62
130.92 135.27 139.69 144.19 148.75 153.38 158.08
72.78F) 0.22006 0.22330 0.23189 0.24008 0.24797 0.25563 0.26311
0.27043 0.27762 0.28468 0.29162 0.29847 0.30522 0.31189
100 psia (Tsat 104.99 105.18 109.45 113.66 117.86 122.08 126.35
130.67 135.05 139.49 143.99 148.57 153.21 157.93
79.12F) 0.21976 0.22016 0.22900 0.23733 0.24534 0.25309 0.26063
0.26801 0.27523 0.28233 0.28931 0.29618 0.30296 0.30964
90.49F)
113.06 114.80 119.52 124.18 128.83 133.51 138.22 142.97 147.78
152.65 157.58 162.58 167.64 172.77
113.83 114.05 118.90 123.65 128.37 133.09 137.85 142.64 147.47
152.37 157.32 162.34 167.42 172.56
0.39644 106.35 0.41013 0.43692 0.46190 0.48563 0.50844 0.53054
0.55206 0.57312 0.59379 0.61413 0.63420 0.65402 P 108.48 112.84
117.15 121.46 125.79 130.17 134.59 139.07 143.61 148.21 152.88
157.62
115.16 0.21924 117.59 122.54 127.41 132.25 137.09 141.95 146.85
151.80 156.79 161.85 166.96 172.14 0.22362 0.23232 0.24058 0.24851
0.25619 0.26368 0.27100 0.27817 0.28521 0.29214 0.29896 0.30569
140 psia (Tsat 107.51 111.96 116.41 120.81 125.22 129.65 134.12
138.64 143.21 147.85 152.54 157.30 162.13 167.02
100.50F) 0.21879 0.22773 0.23628 0.24443 0.25227 0.25988 0.26730
0.27455 0.28166 0.28864 0.29551 0.30228 0.30896 0.31555
160 psia (Tsat 108.50 111.01 115.62 120.13 124.62 129.12 133.64
138.20 142.81 147.48 152.20 156.98 161.83 166.74
109.50F) 0.21836 0.22337 0.23230 0.24069 0.24871 0.25645 0.26397
0.27131 0.27849 0.28554 0.29246 0.29927 0.30598 0.31260
180 psia (Tsat 109.36 109.94 114.77 119.42 124.00 128.57 133.15
137.76 142.40 147.10 151.85 156.66 161.53 166.46
117.69F) 0.21795 0.21910 0.22850 0.23718 0.24540 0.25330 0.26094
0.26837 0.27562 0.28273 0.28970 0.29656 0.30331 0.30996
116.26 121.35 126.40 131.36 136.30 141.24 146.21 151.21 156.26
161.35 166.50 171.71 176.98 182.32
0.29316 0.30578 0.32774 0.34790 0.36686 0.38494 0.40234 0.41921
0.43564 0.45171 0.46748 0.48299 0.49828 0.51338 P
117.18 120.06 125.32 130.43 135.49 140.52 145.55 150.62 155.71
160.85 166.04 171.28 176.58 181.94
0.25813 0.26083 0.28231 0.30154 0.31936 0.33619 0.35228 0.36779
0.38284 0.39751 0.41186 0.42594 0.43980 0.45347 P
117.96 118.63 124.17 129.46 134.64 139.77 144.88 150.01 155.16
160.34 165.57 170.85 176.18 181.56
200 psia (Tsat 110.11 113.85 118.66 123.35 128.00 132.64 137.30
141.99 146.72 151.50 156.33 161.22 166.17
125.22F) 0.21753 0.22481 0.23384 0.24229 0.25035 0.25812 0.26565
0.27298 0.28015 0.28718 0.29408 0.30087 0.30756
300 psia (Tsat 112.60 113.82 119.52 124.78 129.85 134.83 139.77
144.70 149.65 154.63 159.64 164.70
156.09F)
400 psia (Tsat
179.86F)
118.62 122.93 128.44 133.76 138.99 144.19 149.38 154.59 159.82
165.09 170.40 175.77 181.18
0.14266 0.14656 0.16355 0.17776 0.19044 0.20211 0.21306 0.22347
0.23346 0.24310 0.25246 0.26159
120.52 121.95 128.60 134.65 140.42 146.05 151.59 157.11 162.61
168.12 173.66 179.22
0.21512 0.09642 113.35 0.21745 0.22802 0.23733 0.24594 0.25410
0.26192 0.26947 0.27681 0.28398 0.29098 0.29786
120.48 0.21161
0.09658 0.11440 0.12746 0.13853 0.14844 0.15756 0.16611 0.17423
0.18201 0.18951
113.41 120.52 126.44 131.95 137.26 142.48 147.65 152.80 157.97
163.15
120.56 128.99 135.88 142.20 148.25 154.14 159.94 165.70 171.44
177.18
0.21173 0.22471 0.23500 0.24418 0.25270 0.26077 0.26851 0.27599
0.28326 0.29035
cen84959_ap02.qxd 4/27/05 3:02 PM Page 956
956
|20 3000 2000
Thermodynamics20bm/ 3 ft3
6065
100
14050454035
18030
2203 /ft3 = 1 8 lb m 12 9.6 7.2
260 3000 2000 1000
80
85
95
90
55
70
60
24
1000 R-134a
75 l
D e n sit y
2 2 22
0
180140 140 140
400 200
4.8 3.6 2.4 1.8 1.2 0.96 0.72
T = 100F
400 200 100
60
100 Pressure, psia20 20 20
40-20
0.48 0.36 0.24 0.180.20 0.22 0.240.3 0B tu/l bm R 0.3 2
40 20 10620
-0.04 -0.02
0. 0.00 0.02
20 10
0.14 0.16 0.18
0.04 0.06 0.08
0.10 0.12
0.26
0.3 4
0.3 6
0.12 0.0960.3 80 500 .42
0.28
id
0.4 0
-60T = -1 0 0 F
te d va p o ur - 60 -20 20
T = 3 0 0 F
ate d
220
s atur
60 100 1 40
0.8
0.3
0.6
0.7
0.9
1 80
260
340
380
4 2
4 20
4 60
s=
5 40 580
li q u
0.072 0.048 0.036 0.024 0.018 0.012
4 2 1 260
0.2
0.1
0.4
s atu ra
0.4 20.4 4
0.5
s=
1 20
20
60
100
140
180
220
Enthalpy, Btu/lbm
FIGURE A14E P-h diagram for refrigerant-134a.Reprinted by
permission of American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and
Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc., Atlanta, GA.
0.4 6
cen84959_ap02.qxd 4/27/05 3:02 PM Page 957
Appendix 2 TABLE A16EProperties of the atmosphere at high
altitude Altitude, ft 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500
5000 5500 6000 6500 7000 7500 8000 8500 9000 9500 10,000 11,000
12,000 13,000 14,000 15,000 16,000 17,000 18,000 19,000 20,000
22,000 24,000 26,000 28,000 30,000 32,000 34,000 36,000 38,000
40,000 45,000 50,000 55,000 60,000 Temperature, F 59.00 57.22 55.43
53.65 51.87 50.09 48.30 46.52 44.74 42.96 41.17 39.39 37.61 35.83
34.05 32.26 30.48 28.70 26.92 25.14 23.36 19.79 16.23 12.67 9.12
5.55 1.99 1.58 5.14 8.70 12.2 19.4 26.5 33.6 40.7 47.8 54.9 62.0
69.2 69.7 69.7 69.7 69.7 69.7 69.7 Pressure, psia 14.7 14.4 14.2
13.9 13.7 13.4 13.2 12.9 12.7 12.5 12.2 12.0 11.8 11.6 11.3 11.1
10.9 10.7 10.5 10.3 10.1 9.72 9.34 8.99 8.63 8.29 7.97 7.65 7.34
7.05 6.76 6.21 5.70 5.22 4.78 4.37 3.99 3.63 3.30 3.05 2.73 2.148
1.691 1.332 1.048 Gravity, g, ft/s2 32.174 32.173 32.171 32.169
32.168 32.166 32.165 32.163 32.162 32.160 32.159 32.157 32.156
32.154 32.152 32.151 32.149 32.148 32.146 32.145 32.145 32.140
32.137 32.134 32.131 32.128 32.125 32.122 32.119 32.115 32.112
32.106 32.100 32.094 32.088 32.082 32.08 32.07 32.06 32.06 32.05
32.04 32.02 32.00 31.99 Speed of sound, ft/s 1116 1115 1113 1111
1109 1107 1105 1103 1101 1099 1097 1095 1093 1091 1089 1087 1085
1083 1081 1079 1077 1073 1069 1065 1061 1057 1053 1049 1045 1041
1037 1029 1020 1012 1003 995 987 978 969 968 968 968 968 968 968
Density, lbm/ft3 0.07647 0.07536 0.07426 0.07317 0.07210 0.07104
0.06998 0.06985 0.06792 0.06690 0.06590 0.06491 0.06393 0.06296
0.06200 0.06105 0.06012 0.05919 0.05828 0.05738 0.05648 0.05473
0.05302 0.05135 0.04973 0.04814 0.04659 0.04508 0.04361 0.04217
0.04077 0.03808 0.03553 0.03311 0.03082 0.02866 0.02661 0.02468
0.02285 0.02079 0.01890 0.01487 0.01171 0.00922 0.00726 Viscosity
m, lbm/ft s 1.202 1.199 1.196 1.193 1.190 1.186 1.183 1.180 1.177
1.173 1.170 1.167 1.164 1.160 1.157 1.154 1.150 1.147 1.144 1.140
1.137 1.130 1.124 1.117 1.110 1.104 1.097 1.090 1.083 1.076 1.070
1.056 1.042 1.028 1.014 1.000 0.986 0.971 0.956 0.955 0.955 0.955
0.955 0.955 0.955 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
10 10 10 10 10 10 105 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
|
957
Thermal conductivity, Btu/h ft R 0.0146 0.0146 0.0146 0.0145
0.0145 0.0144 0.0144 0.0143 0.0143 0.0142 0.0142 0.0141 0.0141
0.0141 0.0140 0.0140 0.0139 0.0139 0.0138 0.0138 0.0137 0.0136
0.0136 0.0135 0.0134 0.0133 0.0132 0.0132 0.0130 0.0129 0.0128
0.0126 0.0124 0.0122 0.0121 0.0119 0.0117 0.0115 0.0113 0.0113
0.0113 0.0113 0.0113 0.0113 0.0113
Source: U.S. Standard Atmosphere Supplements, U.S. Government
Printing Office, 1966. Based on year-round mean conditions at 45
latitude and varies with the time of the year and the weather
patterns. The conditions at sea level (z 0) are taken to be P
14.696 psia, T 59F, 32.1741 ft2/s. r 0.076474 lbm/ft3, g
cen84959_ap02.qxd 4/27/05 3:02 PM Page 958
958
|
Thermodynamics
TABLE A17EIdeal-gas properties of air T R 360 380 400 420 440
460 480 500 520 537 540 560 580 600 620 640 660 680 700 720 740 760
780 800 820 840 860 880 900 920 940 960 980 1000 1040 1080 1120
1160 1200 1240 1280 1320 1360 1400 1440 1480 1520 1560 h Btu/lbm
85.97 90.75 95.53 100.32 105.11 109.90 114.69 119.48 124.27 128.10
129.06 133.86 138.66 143.47 148.28 153.09 157.92 162.73 167.56
172.39 177.23 182.08 186.94 191.81 196.69 201.56 206.46 211.35
216.26 221.18 226.11 231.06 236.02 240.98 250.95 260.97 271.03
281.14 291.30 301.52 311.79 322.11 332.48 342.90 353.37 363.89
374.47 385.08 Pr 0.3363 0.4061 0.4858 0.5760 0.6776 0.7913 0.9182
1.0590 1.2147 1.3593 1.3860 1.5742 1.7800 2.005 2.249 2.514 2.801
3.111 3.446 3.806 4.193 4.607 5.051 5.526 6.033 6.573 7.149 7.761
8.411 9.102 9.834 10.61 11.43 12.30 14.18 16.28 18.60 21.18 24.01
27.13 30.55 34.31 38.41 42.88 47.75 53.04 58.78 65.00 u Btu/lbm
61.29 64.70 68.11 71.52 74.93 78.36 81.77 85.20 88.62 91.53 92.04
95.47 98.90 102.34 105.78 109.21 112.67 116.12 119.58 123.04 126.51
129.99 133.47 136.97 140.47 143.98 147.50 151.02 154.57 158.12
161.68 165.26 168.83 172.43 179.66 186.93 194.25 201.63 209.05
216.53 224.05 231.63 239.25 246.93 254.66 262.44 270.26 278.13 vr
396.6 346.6 305.0 270.1 240.6 215.33 193.65 174.90 158.58 146.34
144.32 131.78 120.70 110.88 102.12 94.30 87.27 80.96 75.25 70.07
65.38 61.10 57.20 53.63 50.35 47.34 44.57 42.01 39.64 37.44 35.41
33.52 31.76 30.12 27.17 24.58 22.30 20.29 18.51 16.93 15.52 14.25
13.12 12.10 11.17 10.34 9.578 8.890 s T Btu/lbm R R 0.50369 0.51663
0.52890 0.54058 0.55172 0.56235 0.57255 0.58233 0.59173 0.59945
0.60078 0.60950 0.61793 0.62607 0.63395 0.64159 0.64902 0.65621
0.66321 0.67002 0.67665 0.68312 0.68942 0.69558 0.70160 0.70747
0.71323 0.71886 0.72438 0.72979 0.73509 0.74030 0.74540 0.75042
0.76019 0.76964 0.77880 0.78767 0.79628 0.80466 0.81280 0.82075
0.82848 0.83604 0.84341 0.85062 0.85767 0.86456 1600 1650 1700 1750
1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 2250 2300 2350 2400
2450 2500 2550 2600 2650 2700 2750 2800 2850 2900 2950 3000 3050
3100 3150 3200 3250 3300 3350 3400 3450 3500 3550 3600 3650 3700
3750 3800 3850 3900 3950 h Btu/lbm 395.74 409.13 422.59 436.12
449.71 463.37 477.09 490.88 504.71 518.71 532.55 546.54 560.59
574.69 588.82 603.00 617.22 631.48 645.78 660.12 674.49 688.90
703.35 717.83 732.33 746.88 761.45 776.05 790.68 805.34 820.03
834.75 849.48 864.24 879.02 893.83 908.66 923.52 938.40 953.30
968.21 983.15 998.11 1013.1 1028.1 1043.1 1058.1 1073.2 Pr 71.13
80.89 90.95 101.98 114.0 127.2 141.5 157.1 174.0 192.3 212.1 223.5
256.6 281.4 308.1 336.8 367.6 400.5 435.7 473.3 513.5 556.3 601.9
650.4 702.0 756.7 814.8 876.4 941.4 1011 1083 1161 1242 1328 1418
1513 1613 1719 1829 1946 2068 2196 2330 2471 2618 2773 2934 3103 u
Btu/lbm 286.06 296.03 306.06 316.16 326.32 336.55 346.85 357.20
367.61 378.08 388.60 399.17 409.78 420.46 431.16 441.91 452.70
463.54 474.40 485.31 496.26 507.25 518.26 529.31 540.40 551.52
562.66 573.84 585.04 596.28 607.53 618.82 630.12 641.46 652.81
664.20 675.60 687.04 698.48 709.95 721.44 732.95 744.48 756.04
767.60 779.19 790.80 802.43 vr s Btu/lbm R 0.87130 0.87954 0.88758
0.89542 0.90308 0.91056 0.91788 0.92504 0.93205 0.93891 0.94564
0.95222 0.95919 0.96501 0.97123 0.97732 0.98331 0.98919 0.99497
1.00064 1.00623 1.01172 1.01712 1.02244 1.02767 1.03282 1.03788
1.04288 1.04779 1.05264 1.05741 1.06212 1.06676 1.07134 1.07585
1.08031 1.08470 1.08904 1.09332 1.09755 1.10172 1.10584 1.10991
1.11393 1.11791 1.12183 1.12571 1.12955
8.263 7.556 6.924 6.357 5.847 5.388 4.974 4.598 4.258 3.949
3.667 3.410 3.176 2.961 2.765 2.585 2.419 2.266 2.125 1.996 1.876
1.765 1.662 1.566 1.478 1.395 1.318 1.247 1.180 1.118 1.060 1.006
0.955 0.907 0.8621 0.8202 0.7807 0.7436 0.7087 0.6759 0.6449 0.6157
0.5882 0.5621 0.5376 0.5143 0.4923 0.4715
cen84959_ap02.qxd 4/27/05 3:02 PM Page 959
Appendix 2 TABLE A17EIdeal-gas properties of air (Concluded) T R
4000 4050 4100 4150 4200 4300 4400 4500 h Btu/lbm 1088.3 1103.4
1118.5 1133.6 1148.7 1179.0 1209.4 1239.9 Pr 3280 3464 3656 3858
4067 4513 4997 5521 u Btu/lbm 814.06 825.72 837.40 849.09 860.81
884.28 907.81 931.39 vr 0.4518 0.4331 0.4154 0.3985 0.3826 0.3529
0.3262 0.3019 s Btu/lbm R 1.13334 1.13709 1.14079 1.14446 1.14809
1.15522 1.16221 1.16905 T R 4600 4700 4800 4900 5000 5100 5200 5300
h Btu/lbm 1270.4 1300.9 1331.5 1362.2 1392.9 1423.6 1454.4 1485.3
Pr 6089 6701 7362 8073 8837 9658 10,539 11,481 u Btu/lbm 955.04
978.73 1002.5 1026.3 1050.1 1074.0 1098.0 1122.0 vr 0.2799 0.2598
0.2415 0.2248 0.2096 0.1956 0.1828 0.1710
|
959
s Btu/lbm R 1.17575 1.18232 1.18876 1.19508 1.20129 1.20738
1.21336 1.21923
Note: The properties Pr (relative pressure) and vr (relative
specific volume) are dimensionless quantities used in the analysis
of isentropic processes, and should not be confused with the
properties pressure and specific volume. Source: Kenneth Wark,
Thermodynamics, 4th ed. (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1983), pp. 83233,
Table A5. Originally published in J. H. Keenan and J. Kaye, Gas
Tables (New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1948).
cen84959_ap02.qxd 4/27/05 3:02 PM Page 960
960
|
Thermodynamics
TABLE A18EIdeal-gas properties of nitrogen, N2 _ _ T h u R
Btu/lbmol Btu/lbmol 300 320 340 360 380 400 420 440 460 480 500 520
537 540 560 580 600 620 640 660 680 700 720 740 760 780 800 820 840
860 880 900 920 940 960 980 1000 1020 1040 1060 2,082.0 2,221.0
2,360.0 2,498.9 2,638.0 2,777.0 2,916.1 3,055.1 3,194.1 3,333.1
3,472.2 3,611.3 3,729.5 3,750.3 3,889.5 4,028.7 4,167.9 4,307.1
4,446.4 4,585.8 4,725.3 4,864.9 5,004.5 5,144.3 5,284.1 5,424.2
5,564.4 5,704.7 5,845.3 5,985.9 6,126.9 6,268.1 6,409.6 6,551.2
6,693.1 6,835.4 6,977.9 7,120.7 7,263.8 7,407.2 1,486.2 1,585.5
1,684.4 1,784.0 1,883.4 1,982.6 2,082.0 2,181.3 2,280.6 2,379.9
2,479.3 2,578.6 2,663.1 2,678.0 2,777.4 2,876.9 2,976.4 3,075.9
3,175.5 3,275.2 3,374.9 3,474.8 3,574.7 3,674.7 3,774.9 3,875.2
3,975.7 4,076.3 4,177.1 4,278.1 4,379.4 4,480.8 4,582.6 4,684.5
4,786.7 4,889.3 4,992.0 5,095.1 5,198.5 5,302.2 _ s Btu/lbmol R
41.695 42.143 42.564 42.962 43.337 43.694 44.034 44.357 44.665
44.962 45.246 45.519 45.743 45.781 46.034 46.278 46.514 46.742
46.964 47.178 47.386 47.588 47.785 47.977 48.164 48.345 48.522
48.696 48.865 49.031 49.193 49.352 49.507 49.659 49.808 49.955
50.099 50.241 50.380 50.516 T R 1080 1100 1120 1140 1160 1180 1200
1220 1240 1260 1280 1300 1320 1340 1360 1380 1400 1420 1440 1460
1480 1500 1520 1540 1560 1580 1600 1620 1640 1660 1680 1700 1720
1740 1760 1780 1800 1820 1840 1860 _ h Btu/lbmol 7,551.0 7,695.0
7,839.3 7,984.0 8,129.0 8,274.4 8,420.0 8,566.1 8,712.6 8,859.3
9,006.4 9,153.9 9,301.8 9,450.0 9,598.6 9,747.5 9,896.9 10,046.6
10,196.6 10,347.0 10,497.8 10,648.0 10,800.4 10,952.2 11,104.3
11,256.9 11,409.7 11,562.8 11,716.4 11,870.2 12,024.3 12,178.9
12,333.7 12,488.8 12,644.3 12,800.2 12,956.3 13,112.7 13,269.5
13,426.5 _ u Btu/lbmol 5,406.2 5,510.5 5,615.2 5,720.1 5,825.4
5,931.0 6,037.0 6,143.4 6,250.1 6,357.2 6,464.5 6,572.3 6,680.4
6,788.9 6,897.8 7,007.0 7,116.7 7,226.7 7,337.0 7,447.6 7,558.7
7,670.1 7,781.9 7,893.9 8,006.4 8,119.2 8,232.3 8,345.7 8,459.6
8,573.6 8,688.1 8,802.9 8,918.0 9,033.4 9,149.2 9,265.3 9,381.7
9,498.4 9,615.5 9,732.8 _ s Btu/lbmol R 50.651 50.783 50.912 51.040
51.167 51.291 51.143 51.534 51.653 51.771 51.887 51.001 52.114
52.225 52.335 52.444 52.551 52.658 52.763 52.867 52.969 53.071
53.171 53.271 53.369 53.465 53.561 53.656 53.751 53.844 53.936
54.028 54.118 54.208 54.297 54.385 54.472 54.559 54.645 54.729
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Appendix 2 TABLE A18EIdeal-gas properties of nitrogen, N2
(Concluded) _ _ _ T h u s R Btu/lbmol Btu/lbmol Btu/lbmol R 1900
1940 1980 2020 2060 2100 2140 2180 2220 2260 2300 2340 2380 2420
2460 2500 2540 2580 2620 2660 2700 2740 2780 2820 2860 2900 2940
2980 3020 3060 3100 3140 3180 3220 3260 3300 3340 3380 3420 3460
13,742 14,058 14,375 14,694 15,013 15,334 15,656 15,978 16,302
16,626 16,951 17,277 17,604 17,392 18,260 18,590 18,919 19,250
19,582 19,914 20,246 20,580 20,914 21,248 21,584 21,920 22,256
22,593 22,930 23,268 23,607 23,946 24,285 24,625 24,965 25,306
25,647 25,989 26,331 26,673 9,968 10,205 10,443 10,682 10,923
11,164 11,406 11,649 11,893 12,138 12,384 12,630 12,878 13,126
13,375 13,625 13,875 14,127 14,379 14,631 14,885 15,139 15,393
15,648 15,905 16,161 16,417 16,675 16,933 17,192 17,451 17,710
17,970 18,231 18,491 18,753 19,014 19,277 19,539 19,802 54.896
55.061 55.223 55.383 55.540 55.694 55.846 55.995 56.141 56.286
56.429 56.570 56.708 56.845 56.980 57.112 57.243 57.372 57.499
57.625 57.750 57.872 57.993 58.113 58.231 58.348 58.463 58.576
58.688 58.800 58.910 59.019 59.126 59.232 59.338 59.442 59.544
59.646 59.747 59.846 T R 3500 3540 3580 3620 3660 3700 3740 3780
3820 3860 3900 3940 3980 4020 4060 4100 4140 4180 4220 4260 4300
4340 4380 4420 4460 4500 4540 4580 4620 4660 4700 4740 4780 4820
4860 4900 5000 5100 5200 5300 _ h Btu/lbmol 27,016 27,359 27,703
28,046 28,391 28,735 29,080 29,425 29,771 30,117 30,463 30,809
31,156 31,503 31,850 32,198 32,546 32,894 33,242 33,591 33,940
34,289 34,638 34,988 35,338 35,688 36,038 36,389 36,739 37,090
37,441 37,792 38,144 38,495 38,847 39,199 40,080 40,962 41,844
42,728 _ u Btu/lbmol 20,065 20,329 20,593 20,858 21,122 21,387
21,653 21,919 22,185 22,451 22,718 22,985 23,252 23,520 23,788
24,056 24,324 24,593 24,862 25,131 25,401 25,670 25,940 26,210
26,481 26,751 27,022 27,293 27,565 27,836 28,108 28,379 28,651
28,924 29,196 29,468 30,151 30,834 31,518 32,203
|
961
_ s Btu/lbmol R 59.944 60.041 60.138 60.234 60.328 60.422 60.515
60.607 60.698 60.788 60.877 60.966 61.053 61.139 61.225 61.310
61.395 61.479 61.562 61.644 61.726 61.806 61.887 61.966 62.045
62.123 62.201 62.278 62.354 62.429 62.504 62.578 62.652 62.725
62.798 62.870 63.049 63.223 63.395 63.563
Source: Tables A18E through A23E are adapted from Kenneth Wark,
Thermodynamics, 4th ed. (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1983), pp. 83444.
Originally published in J. H. Keenan and J. Kaye, Gas Tables (New
York: John Wiley & Sons, 1945).
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Thermodynamics
TABLE A19EIdeal-gas properties of oxygen, O2 _ _ T h u R
Btu/lbmol Btu/lbmol 300 320 340 360 380 400 420 440 460 480 500 520
537 540 560 580 600 620 640 660 680 700 720 740 760 780 800 820 840
860 880 900 920 940 960 980 1000 1020 1040 1060 2,073.5 2,212.6
2,351.7 2,490.8 2,630.0 2,769.1 2,908.3 3,047.5 3,186.9 3,326.5
3,466.2 3,606.1 3,725.1 3,746.2 3,886.6 4,027.3 4,168.3 4,309.7
4,451.4 4,593.5 4,736.2 4,879.3 5,022.9 5,167.0 5,311.4 5,456.4
5,602.0 5,748.1 5,894.8 6,041.9 6,189.6 6,337.9 6,486.7 6,636.1
6,786.0 6,936.4 7,087.5 7,238.9 7,391.0 7,543.6 1,477.8 1,577.1
1,676.5 1,775.9 1,875.3 1,974.8 2,074.3 2,173.8 2,273.4 2,373.3
2,473.2 2,573.4 2,658.7 2,673.8 2,774.5 2,875.5 2,976.8 3,078.4
3,180.4 3,282.9 3,385.8 3,489.2 3,593.1 3,697.4 3,802.4 3,907.5
4,013.3 4,119.7 4,226.6 4,334.1 4,442.0 4,550.6 4,659.7 4,769.4
4,879.5 4,990.3 5,101.6 5,213.3 5,325.7 5,438.6 _ s Btu/lbmol R
44.927 45.375 45.797 46.195 46.571 46.927 47.267 47.591 47.900
48.198 48.483 48.757 48.982 49.021 49.276 49.522 49.762 49.993
50.218 50.437 50.650 50.858 51.059 51.257 51.450 51.638 51.821
52.002 52.179 52.352 52.522 52.688 52.852 53.012 53.170 53.326
53.477 53.628 53.775 53.921 T R 1080 1100 1120 1140 1160 1180 1200
1220 1240 1260 1280 1300 1320
