Thermally driven water chillers :

Market status and new developments

Daniel Mugnier

TECSOL SA

Aix les Bains

25/04/2006

Introduction

The chiller is one the key element of the closed solar cooling systems….

! Absorption chillers :

! H2O/LiBr!H2O/LiCl!NH3/H2O

! Adsorption chillers :

!Zeolithe/H2O!Silica gel/H2O

What are the main technologies and the market actors ??

Market situation

Thermally driven chiller share : 71%

DEC29%

Absorption63%

Adsorption8%

Source : Task 38 survey ; 75 existing installations with detailed informations (chiller manuf.)

Adsorption

! 2 commercial systems (Japanese manufacturers)

! Nishyodo (70-500 kW) => GBU GmbH

! Maekawa (50-350 kW) => Mycom

From 70 kW to several hundred kW...

Historical actors…

Source : UniklinikumFreiburg

New development

Sortech (Germany) : 10 kW

Nom. capacity : 10 kW - COP : 0,6

Generator temp. : 80/75°C

Evaporator temp. : 6/12°C

Condensor temp. : 30/35°C

Weight in operation : 180 kg

Silicagel => Zeolith

H2O/Zeolith

H2O/Silicagel

Source : Sortech

Absorption

Single effect absorption chillers

! Lot of products > 100 kW (Carrier,MacQuay, Toshiba,Hitachi, Ebara, Sulzer Escher Wyss, Trane, LG, Mitsubishi, Entropie,York, Colibri)

! Main chillers used in solar cooling systems :

YAZAKI WFC SC 10 (35 kW) / Thermax (Spain)

! New machines available on the market :

! EAW (Westenfeld) : 15 kW

! Sonnenklima (Berlin): 10 kW

! Rotartica (Bilbao) : 4,5 kW

! Climatewell (Sweden/Spain) : 10 kW

! Pink (Austria) : 10 kW

! Other developments

FH Stuttgart/Ge, SolarFrost/Au, Aosol/Port, ...

Absorption

Solar cooling chiller « market » share

Thermax6%

Broad6%

Pink2%

Climatewell2%

Others (Trane, LG…)10%

Rotartica8%

Sonnenklima4% EAW

22%

YAZAKI40%

Source : Task 38 survey ; 75 existing installations with detailed informations (chiller manufacturer)

Historical actor…! YAZAKI WFC SC 10 : 35 kW

And a new 17 kW chiller within the end of the year...H2O/LiBr

Source : Yazaki

Historical actor…! Thermax : 35 kW

H2O/LiBr

Source : Thermax

New actor…

! EAW (Westenfeld) : 15 kW

Nom. capacity : 15 kW - COP : 0,71

Generator temp. : 80/90°C

Evaporator temp. : 11/17°C

Condensor temp. : 30/36°C

Electric consump. : 300 W

Weight in operation : 700 kg

H2O/LiBrSource : EAW

! EAW (Westenfeld) : 15 kW T° recooling : 40°C

H2O/LiBr

New actor…

Source : EAW

! Sonnenklima (former Phönix Sonnenwärme, Berlin): 10 kW

Nom. capacity : 10 kW - COP : 0,7

Generator temp. : 95/85°C

Evaporator temp. : 12/16°C

Condensor temp. : 27/35°C

Electric consump. : 120 W

Weight in operation : 550 kg

H2O/LiBr

New actor…

Source : Sonnenklima

! Sonnenklima (Berlin): 10 kW

H2O/LiBr

New actor…

Source : Sonnenklima

! Rotartica (Bilbao) : 4,5 kW

H2O/LiBr

New actor…

Source : Rotartica

! Climatewell (Sweden) : 10 kW

2000 -> 2007

H2O/LiCl

New actor…

Source : Climatewell

! Climatewell (Suède) : 10 kW

H2O/LiCl

New actor…

Source : Climatewell

! Climatewell (Suède) : 10 kWH2O/LiCl

New actor…

Source : Climatewell

Pink (Austria) :

Nom. capacity : 6 - 20 kW

2 first commerical installations in Sweden & Austria

Contact with SolarNext

NH3/H2O

New actor…

Source : Pink

Aosol (Portugal)

Not yet commercialised

Few information on the technical features

New developments

Source : Aosol

NH3/H2O

Solar Frost (Austria) : 2 kW

New developments

NH3/H2O

Source : Solarfrost

Not yet commercialised

Robur (Italy) :

New developments

NH3/H2O

NOMINAL HEATING PERFORMANCES(1)

Nominal heating output (hot water outlet temp. 50°C) kW 35.3

Outside air temperature dry/wet bulb °C 7/6

G.U.E. heating efficiency based on gas consumption % 140

Outside air temperature dry bulb min/max °C -20/35

Hot water inlet temperature min/max °C 2/50

Maximum hot water outlet temperature (T=50°C) °C 60

COOLING PERFORMANCES(2)

Nominal cooling output (chilled water outlet temp. 7°C) kW 16.9

Outside air temperature °C 35

G.U.E. cooling efficiency based on gas consumption % 67

Outside air temperature min/max °C 0/45

Chilled water inlet temperature min/max °C 6/45

Minimal chilled water outlet temperature °C 3

GENERAL DATA

Nominal thermal input (burner) kW 25.7

Nominal electrical wattage drawn (230V-50Hz) kW 0.9

Source : Robur

Broad double effect chiller : R&D

New developments

H2O/LiBr

Future demo installation in France (Cartech/CNRS), Perpignan

Hot water BCT chiller

Direct gas BZH chiller

New developments

Broad double effect chiller R&D

H2O/LiBr

Machine & system distribution

Conclusion

* A growing « market » with several actors

* Next steps : - organisation of the sector ?- reduction of costs, adaptation to technical specificity of solar cooling

* Interesting developments and concepts

* Thermally driven chillers : central position in solar cooling systems

www.iea-shc-task38.org

* To know further on these new actors of the solar cooling world….THE NEXT FRENCH EVENT…

DERBI Renewable Energy conference : Perpignan, 31st – 2nd June 2007Solar cooling Workshop : Friday 1st June, 11. amContent : Solar cooling market data and future trends

Per Olofson, CEO

Participants : - Arsenal Research (Austria)- Spain (Aiguasol)- Climatewell (Sweden/Spain) - Schüco (Germany/France)- Sonnenklima (Germany/France)- TECSOL (France)