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Kingdom of Saudi ArabiaThe Royal Commission at YanbuYanbu University CollegeYanbu Al-Sinaiyah x

Perspectives on Learning-:The humanistic approach

EDU 301Educational Psychology

Semester 1112011-2012


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Agenda

Humanistic views.

How these views are translated into theclassroom practice.

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The humanistic approach

EDU 301-111 Dr. Hala Fawzi 3

Carl Rogers (1902-1989)

A leading figure in the development of

humanistic approaches to education.

Principally known as the founder ofperson-

centered (non-directive) cl ient-centered)

psychotherapy

He was interested in what learning was, what

real learning felt like and what learning strive to

be.


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Focuses on the unobservable private mental world of an

individual.

Emphasizes on holism: the need to study the whole person.

Emphasizes the "natural desire" of everyone to learn.


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So the teacher relinquishes a great deal of authority and becomes a

facilitator.

Focuses on the hidden internal experiences and emphasis

the role of feelings must be incorporated into the learning

experience.

They maintain, that learners need to be empowered and to have

control overthe learning process.


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Valued

Accepted

Prized

Self-actulisation

Self-exploration

Self-actualisationThe main goal of human existence is self-

actualisation:(becoming all what we are capable of)

All students are intrinsically motivated to self actualize or

learn.


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Valued

Accepted

Prized

Self-actulisati

on

Self-explorat

ion

Self-actualisation

How is Rogers theoryNon-directive/client-

centered / self-directed/ self-centered?

By giving control to the client.


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Humanistic views in teaching

a. Learning which influences behavior is self-

discovered and self- appropriated.

b. Learnt experiences are relatively inconsequentialand does not influence behavior.

So?

No to teaching

No to exams or grades

No to degrees

People gatherlearn when they onlywant to learn

focus is on inconsequential type

of learning

Continuing process of learning


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Traditional vs. Person-centered

teaching modes Rogers views developed over time.

Review Table 2.2 p. 31(Comparison between

traditional and person-centered modes ofteaching)

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Application of Humanist approach

The approach refers to many other

approaches.(Kirschenbaum 1975)

1. Humanistic Content Curricula. (Students lives)

2. Humanistic Process Curricula.(life skills-the whole)

3. School and Group Structures.(restructuring learning

environment to pursue humanistic aims)


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Application of Humanist approach

On whole school level: Open classrooms , class

meetings, alternative modes of assessment.

On class level: would support:

-Students having control over daily activities.

-Students monitortheir own progress, andsSelf-evaluation.

-Teacher does not control learning process, only a facilitator.

-Integrating personal and communications skills ( Cooperative

learning)


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Values:

1. Balancing teaching and achieving academic skills

with the need to acquire personal and life skills.

(Snow and Swanson, 1992, Johnson and Johnson

1992)

2. Helping to involve children with disabilities inmainstream class(Putnam, 1993).

Applications within the humanistic

approach: 1.Co-operative learning


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Values:

1. Balancing teaching and achieving academic skills

with the need to acquire personal and life skills.

(Snow and Swanson, 1992, Johnson and Johnson

1992)

2. Helping to involve children with disabilities inmainstream class(Putnam, 1993).


approach: 1.Co-operative learning

p.33:Read the example and study about the fourcomponents of cooperative learning


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approach: 2. Emotional literacy classes

Teaching emotional skills will:

1.Improve children academic skills.

2.Enhances schools ability to teach.(Goleman (1996)

Emphasizes the role of emotional intelligence.

Aims at teaching emotional skills, not

acknowledging the role of feelings and

emotions in learning.


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Evaluation of humanistic approach

o Ambiguous and vague: students learn what

they want to learn.(Is it teaching competency?)

o Could be applied to the: content of the curriculum,

methods of teaching and teaching styles.


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Lecture round up

In todays session, we have learnt

about:

o.

o.

o.


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Next class discussion

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1. Read: progress exercise 2.

1. Prepare Review exercise p.36 to prepare for

assignment 1 next week.

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