The War that Made AmericaThe War that Made America• Objective: I can explain the consequences

of the French & Indian War.

• Preview: Answer: What causes war?

• Process: F&I War discussion

• On Your Own: – 1. Unit 2 page: An Era of Conflict– 2. Who Fought… reading/?’s

The French and Indian WarThe French and Indian War1754-17631754-1763

North American Land Claims Before 1754North American Land Claims Before 1754

In the 1750s, France and Britain were fighting in Europe.

Worldwide struggle for power spread to North America› Spain - Gold› France – Trapping and trading› Britain - Agriculture

Most conflicts occurred in the Ohio River Valley› Britain pushed west to gain more land

› Colonists want that land› interfering with French fur trade

France began building forts to protect lands

Britain and France were claiming the same lands

Events Leading to WarEvents Leading to War

• Europeans called this the Seven Years War.

• Why do we call it the French and Indian War then?

• Keith Hughes: http://youtu.be/VuQ5SzExJNc

• Or

• Crash Course: http://youtu.be/5vKGU3aEGss

Native Americans (Indians)Native Americans (Indians)

• British soldiers fought against French soldiers and Native Americans.

• Native Americans joined in the battle against the British because they were afraid the British would take over their land and because the French had befriended the Indians through their fur trading. 

George WashingtonGeorge Washington

• In May 1754, George Washington, then 21 years old, was sent across the Appalachian Mts. to order the French to leave lands Britain had already claimed (Heeey Pittsburgh!)

• When the French refused to leave, George Washington comes back with a small force of soldiers from Virginia to build a fort near the French and attack some French soldiers.

• French counterattack—Washington loses.

He and his group build this lovely looking fort He and his group build this lovely looking fort called Fort Necessity...because, well, it was called Fort Necessity...because, well, it was

necessary.necessary.

George Washington cont..George Washington cont..• Washington comes

back to fight at Fort Duquesne– Everyone say Du Kein!

• Fails again as the French and their Indian supporters ambushed them.

William PittWilliam Pitt• New British Prime

Minister.

• Takes over the British army.

• Makes allies with Iroquois.

• British win decisive battle in Quebec and thus wins the war in North America in 1759 (it goes on elsewhere until 1763)

Results of the WarResults of the War• In the peace treaty of 1763 (The Treaty of Paris)

the British got most of the French land in North America.

• France lost Canada and all of the French territory east of the Mississippi River except Louisiana (Spain gets that).

• Britain gets Florida from Spain (ally to France)

• France gets to keep some big money-making islands in the West Indies.

North American BoundariesNorth American Boundaries

• Named after the Ottawa leader Pontiac.• Indians were unhappy that the British were

taking over French land, driving the French out.

• Began attacking British forts.• KEY POINT: British regulars v. the Indians.

– British did not trust that the colonial Brit’s could muster a fight after the results of many battles in the French and Indian War.

• Ended with a peace treaty-NOT a surrender.– No land surrendered.– No prisoners exchanged

Pontiac’s Rebellion May-July 1763Pontiac’s Rebellion May-July 1763

Battle of Bushy RunBattle of Bushy Run