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Consequences of World War
WWI ~ a case study
LEQ:
• What are the consequences of World War?
The End of Fighting
• Germans refocused their military attention away from Russia and in the direction of the U.S.
• German offensive cost them 800,000 troops
• Germany eventually collapses as the Allies break through the Hindenburg Line.
The Hindenburg
Line
Armistice is Signed• German leaders wanted to call a truce.• November 11th, 1918 the peace terms were
agreed upon.• Central Powers admitted defeat and the war
was over
Think ~ Pair ~ Share• You are the diplomat who is tasked with
organizing peace terms that both the Allies and the Central Powers will tolerate. How would you go about making and keeping the peace between warring nations?
Most Peaceful
Least Peaceful
In the margin of your notes, draw the figure that most closely represents yourpeace terms.
How Do You Make Peace?
• Fourteen Points• Treaty of Versailles• League of Nations
Fourteen Points• Wilson’s ideas for peace– Reduce weapons– Allow all people to freely choose their own form
of government (self-determination)
Fourteen Points
Punish Germany!Make them pay!
Punish Germany, but keep Germany
strong!
Disarm!Self-
determination!Join the
League of Nations!
Most Peaceful
Least Peaceful
David Lloyd George
Clemenceau
President Wilson
Treaty of Versailles
• Aligned with the ideas of Clemenceau– Germany forced to pay enormous amounts of money
to the war’s victims– Germany had to take full responsibility for the war– Germany had to limit the size of their military– Germany must return conquered land– German colonies around the world were given away– Part of former Germany was taken and renamed,
Poland
League of Nations
• Part of Wilson’s Fourteen Points• GOALS: – encourage international cooperation– foster peaceful relations in the future
–How does that sound to you?
Fractured Ottoman Empire• New independent nations were created such
as; Austria, Hungary, Yugoslavia, Czechoslovakia and Turkey
Mandates in the Middle East• Former Ottoman lands that were to be ruled
by European powers• Mandates were only supposed to be ruled by
Europeans until they were strong enough to rule themselves
• EXAMPLES: – Syria and Lebanon went to France– Palestine and Iraq went to the British
Balfour Declaration• A declaration issued by Britain establishing a
Jewish state in Palestine. Palestine is the area of the ancient Jewish homeland.
How would you feel?
Cost of World War
• Human Cost• Economic Cost• Political Cost
Sounds expensive…
Human Cost• 8.5 million soldiers died• 13 million civilians dies• 21.2 million soldiers were
wounded
Economic Cost• The war cost the world’s nations an estimated
$332 billion• Much of Europe was destroyed and had to be
rebuilt
Political Cost• Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire was broken
apart• Germany was greatly weakened• New countries formed in the Middle East and in Europe• European colonies in Africa and Asia changed hands
Your Turn!
UNDERSTANDING THEMES
WORLD WAR I WORLD WAR II
EFFECTS ON GOVERNMENT AND CITIZENSHIP
EFFECTS ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
EFFECTS ON SOCIETY
DIRECTIONS: Using the information on pages 472 and 473, please complete the chart below. This will be collected today (30 points).
NAME: __________________________________________ DATE: ______________________
Warm-up!