The War in the PacificThe War in the Pacific

Japanese Expansion in AsiaJapanese Expansion in Asia

• Goal: to become the major economic Goal: to become the major economic and military power in Asia.and military power in Asia.

• Problem: lacked resources to sustain Problem: lacked resources to sustain a modern industrial economy. a modern industrial economy.

• Solution: Invade other countries that Solution: Invade other countries that have valuable resources.have valuable resources.

Invasion of Manchuria: 1931Invasion of Manchuria: 1931

• September 1931 September 1931 Japan seized Japan seized Manchuria. Manchuria.

• Japan pushed Japan pushed through to through to Northern China and Northern China and the Costal the Costal provinces.provinces.

Massacre of Nanjing, China: Massacre of Nanjing, China: 19371937

• December 1937, December 1937, Nanjing fell to the Nanjing fell to the Japanese. Japanese.

• A six week A six week massacre followed. massacre followed. 300,000 people 300,000 people were killed, mostly were killed, mostly civilians and POWs. civilians and POWs.

• Shiro Azuma’s Shiro Azuma’s testimonytestimony

Relations between Japan Relations between Japan and the United Statesand the United States

• 1939-U.S. terminated trade 1939-U.S. terminated trade agreement with Japan.agreement with Japan.

• 1940-Japan signed the Tripartite pact 1940-Japan signed the Tripartite pact with Germany and Italy.with Germany and Italy.

• 2 options for dealing with U.S:2 options for dealing with U.S:– ModerateModerate– MilitaryMilitary

Pearl Harbor: December 7, Pearl Harbor: December 7, 19411941

• Minutes before Minutes before 7:55a.m. 183 7:55a.m. 183 planes attacked planes attacked Pear Harbor.Pear Harbor.

• Within Minutes the Within Minutes the Oklahoma, Utah, Oklahoma, Utah, RaleighRaleigh, and , and West West VirginiaVirginia were hit. were hit.

The Arizona was hit, detonating tons of Ammunition and sinking the ship with more than 1,100 men aboard.

-18 vessels were badly damaged or sunk

-350 planes were destroyed

-2,000 Americans were killed

A day that will live in infamyA day that will live in infamy

• President Franklin D. Roosevelt President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed the Declaration of War signed the Declaration of War against Japan December 8, 1941.against Japan December 8, 1941.

Japanese Internment CampsJapanese Internment CampsFebruary 1942February 1942• 120,000 Japanese 120,000 Japanese

Americans on the Americans on the West Coast were West Coast were relocated.relocated.

• They were forced to They were forced to sell their sell their belongings, belongings, including homes including homes and move inland to and move inland to detention centers.detention centers.

Japanese VictoriesJapanese Victories

The Philippines: 1942The Philippines: 1942

• December 22: Japanese forces landed.December 22: Japanese forces landed.

• March 12: Poorly supplied and March 12: Poorly supplied and outnumbered, General Macarthur outnumbered, General Macarthur evacuated to Australia.evacuated to Australia.

• The Japanese drove 70,000 captives on The Japanese drove 70,000 captives on a 65-mile march to the Bataan a 65-mile march to the Bataan Peninsula, Peninsula,

The Philippines con’tThe Philippines con’t

• Known as the Known as the Bataan Death Bataan Death March, 10,000 March, 10,000 prisoners died.prisoners died.

Doolittle Raid: April 18Doolittle Raid: April 18thth 19421942

• U.S. air force bombed TokyoU.S. air force bombed Tokyo

• Boosted Allie moral.Boosted Allie moral.

The Battle of Coral Sea: May 7The Battle of Coral Sea: May 7thth 19421942

• U.S. ships intercepted Japanese ships at U.S. ships intercepted Japanese ships at the battle of Coral Sea.the battle of Coral Sea.

• One Japanese carrier and one United One Japanese carrier and one United States ship was sunk. States ship was sunk.

• This prevented the Japanese from This prevented the Japanese from invading Australia.invading Australia.

Battle of Midway: June 1942Battle of Midway: June 1942

• The Japanese The Japanese intercepted intercepted intelligence and the intelligence and the YorktownYorktown was sent to was sent to cover Midway.cover Midway.

• Japan launched an air Japan launched an air attack on Midway, but attack on Midway, but while they were while they were preparing for the preparing for the second attack, the U.S. second attack, the U.S. attacked the Japanese attacked the Japanese carriers. carriers.

Battle of Midway con’tBattle of Midway con’t

• Four of the six Japanese carriers Four of the six Japanese carriers were destroyed.were destroyed.

• A submarine hit the A submarine hit the YorktownYorktown with with two torpedoes. two torpedoes.

• This battle was the turning point in This battle was the turning point in the War in the Pacific.the War in the Pacific.

The Battle of Iwa Jima: The Battle of Iwa Jima: February 19, 1945 February 19, 1945

-The U.S. air force pounded the

volcanic island.

-The island was then invaded by 110,000 Marines

Stay tuned for the end of Stay tuned for the end of the Warthe War