The State of Latino Youth in Iowa School of Social Work Iowa Latino Affairs Commission Shared by...
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The State of Latino Youth in Iowa School of Social Work Iowa Latino Affairs Commission Shared by John-Paul Chaisson-Cardenas State Youth Development and
The State of Latino Youth in Iowa School of Social Work Iowa
Latino Affairs Commission Shared by John-Paul Chaisson-Cardenas
State Youth Development and 4-H Leader/Director Iowa State
Extension and Outreach
Slide 2
Latino Growth (Youth)
Slide 3
Group 2000-012012-13Net Change Total Population 476,927 472,608
-4,319 White430,677 (90.3%) 377,238 (79.8%) -53,439 Am
Indian/Alaska2,447(.5%)2,034 (.5%) -413 Latino17,019 (2%)43,979
(9.3%) +26,960 African American 18,510 (3.9%) 24,621 (5.2%) +6,111
Asian American/PI 8,274 (1.7%)10,228 (2.2%) +1,954 Kids of Color
46,250(9.7%) 95.370 (20.2%) +44,423 ELL 3.2%5% About 70% speak
Spanish (next Vietnamese at 3%) Iowa State Public Schools Student
Enrollment Source: Iowa Department of Education Growth Of Youth of
Color in Iowa Schools 32,255 = Number of students in Private
Schools (12% of Color) 4,295 = Number of Immigrant Students
(Student Not born in US in 2011-2012 SY ) Compiled by John-Paul
Chaisson-Cardenas, Cedar Rapids Civil Rights Commission
Slide 4
The Changing Face of Iowa S T A T E D A T A C E N T E R O F I O
W A A P R O G R A M O F I O W A L I B R A R Y S E R V I C E S/S T A
T E L I B R A R Y & T H E O F F I C E O F L A T I N O A F F A I
R S (2013) 11.8% of the Iowa Latino population is under age 5.
Latinos have a higher concentration of preschoolers among the
population than any other race or ethnic group. 3.92 The average
family size for the Iowa Latino population in 2010. The average
family size in the state of Iowa is 2.97. 22.3 median age of Iowa
Latinos 38.0 median age for all Iowans
Slide 5
67.2 % of Iowa Latinos in 2012 who are native born. 92% of Iowa
Latino youth in Iowa schools are Native Born U.S. Citizens 70% of
all English Language Learners (ESL) Speak Spanish at home
Immigration and Latinos
Slide 6
52.3% of Iowa youth live in the 11 urban counties but 28.1% = %
Kids of Color 11.8% 27.7% 18.0% 26.3% 35.1% 17.1% 29.0% 17.1% 16.5%
All of those counties have also seen a significant increase of kids
of color Source: U.S. Census & 4-H and K-12 Outreach By the
Numbers Report, ISU Extension
Slide 7
Nearly half (48.3%) of the growth in Iowas Latino population
from 2000- 2013 occurred in six counties: Polk, Woodbury, Johnson,
Marshall, Scott, Pottawattamie, and Linn.
Slide 8
Source: IDE PK-12 Education System Staff Representation Since
2000 2013 (2.2%) 2013 (1.9%) 2013 (2.4%) 2013 (1%) Some growth in
guidance Councilors 1.6% in 2000 2.7% in 2013 2013 (20.2%)
Slide 9
Iowa Latinos Wealth and Poverty
Slide 10
Iowa Unemployment Rate by Race 2013
Slide 11
$13,280 The per capita income of Latinos in 2012. The per
capita income for the state was $26,436 $36,967 The median income
of Latino families in 2012. The median family income for the state
was $64,122.
Slide 12
S T A T E D A T A C E N T E R O F I O W A In 2011 the poverty
line was income under $23,050 for a family of four GapGap 42%
Poverty Rate for Iowa Latinos 17 and Younger (2013)
Slide 13
2010 Iowa Child and Family Household Health Survey, Iowa
Department of Public Health Food Insecurity in Iowa (2010) Food
insecurity levels are higher among Families of Color than among
their white counterparts
Slide 14
Family Wealth (U.S.) According to Pew Research Center the
median wealth of white households is 20 times that of black
households and 18 times that of Hispanic households. That's the
largest gap since the government began collecting the data a
quarter of a century ago, and twice what it was before the start of
the Great Recession. The median wealth of white households is 20
times that of black households and 18 times that of Hispanic
households
Slide 15
50% of Iowa Latinos Own a home 75% of White Iowans Own a
Home
Slide 16
Historical Context (Housing Programs) Federal legislation on
land ownership and housing access: The Homestead Act, 1862: gave
160 acres of free land to every white settler who could live there
for at least five years as part of the United States westward
expansion. The National Housing Act, 1934: redlined certain
neighborhoods predominantly Black, Latino, Asian, and Jewish onesas
ineligible to receive financing. The GI bill, 1944: offered access
to higher education and home ownership to returning WWII veterans,
but excluded Latino and black veterans from those benefits. The
Fair Housing Act, 1968: prohibited redlining based on race and
religion. The Great Recession People of color continued to be
discriminated against when seeking housing or applying for loans.
Banks targeted minority neighborhoods for higher-interest loans.
Foreclosure rates were highest among communities of color Banks
stopped maintaining foreclosed homes in many neighborhoods of color
which help create a downward spiral in housing prices in those
areas.
Slide 17
Latinos and Health
Slide 18
Source: Health Disparities Among Children in Iowa: Results from
the 2010 Iowa Child and Family Household Health Survey Realized
January 2014, the Iowa Public Policy Center at the University of
Iowa A health disparity is a difference in health outcomes across
subgroups of the population, often linked to social, economic, or
environmental disadvantages (e.g., less access to good jobs, unsafe
neighborhoods, lack of affordable transportation options). Health
disparities adversely affect groups of people who have
systematically experienced greater obstacles to health on the basis
of their racial or ethnic group, religion, socioeconomic status,
gender, age, mental health, cognitive, sensory, or physical
disability, sexual orientation or gender identity, geographic
location, or other characteristics historically linked to
discrimination or exclusion. Rear Admiral (RADM) Boris D. Lushniak,
M.D., M.P.H., Acting U.S. Surgeon General
Slide 19
Latinos and Education
Slide 20
Myth # 1: Families of Color dont get involved in their child's
education Research Suggests: Families of color have similar levels
of involvement BUT are invited less often to provide leadership in
school committees that are making policy decisions Source:
Institute for Education Statistics: Parent and Family Involvement
in Education, from the National Household Education Surveys Program
of 2012-13
Slide 21
Myth # 2: Families of Color dont get involved in their child's
homework Research Suggests: Families of color have similar levels
of homework involvement in spite less available resources including
free time Source: Institute for Education Statistics: Parent and
Family Involvement in Education, from the National Household
Education Surveys Program of 2012-13
Slide 22
Myth # 3: Families have low academic expectations for their
children (Parent expects student to) Research Suggests: Parents of
color and white parents share similar expectations for their
children's educational attainment Source: Institute for Education
Statistics: Parent and Family Involvement in Education, from the
National Household Education Surveys Program of 2012-13
Slide 23
2010 Iowa Child and Family Household Health Survey, Iowa
Department of Public Health Iowa (2010) Have felt unsafe in the
last 12 months
Slide 24
Iowa Change in the Achievement/Opportunity Gap Since 2002
(Percent that meets or exceeds performance standard) White 80 % (in
2002) Black 49% Black 49% Latino 57.3% Latino 57.3% 4 th Grade
Reading Proficiency Kids in Poverty 61.4% Source: IDE Test
Changed
Slide 25
Iowa Change in the Achievement/Opportunity Gap Since 2002
(Percent that meets or exceeds performance standard) White 78 % (in
2002) Black 48.2% Black 48.2% Latino 66.1% Latino 66.1% Kids in
Poverty 66.4% Source: IDE Test Changed 4 th Grade Math
Proficiency
Slide 26
Iowa Source: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of
Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics,
National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2011 Assessment
Compiled by John-Paul Chaisson-Cardenas, Cedar Rapids Civil Rights
Commission
Slide 27
Over 80% of Latino of Iowa 8 th Grade students are NOT
Proficient in Reading Over 80% of Latino of Iowa 8 th Grade
students are NOT Proficient in Reading Over 86% of Latino of Iowa 8
th Grade students are NOT Proficient in Math Over 86% of Latino of
Iowa 8 th Grade students are NOT Proficient in Math According to
the NAEP: Source: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of
Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics,
National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2011
Assessment
Slide 28
Why was Latino left out?? Compiled by John-Paul
Chaisson-Cardenas, Cedar Rapids Civil Rights Commission
Slide 29
Why are Latinos Up from 2 to 30? Compiled by John-Paul
Chaisson-Cardenas, Cedar Rapids Civil Rights Commission
Slide 30
Source: IDE Suspensions and Expulsions (Removals) by Race
Slide 31
It may be easy to assume that much of the disproportionality is
due to the individual behavior of low income boys of color.
However, studies show pronounced racial disparities in treatment
and punishment between white and youth of color, youth of color are
punished much more harshly for similar infractions. New research
continues to find no evidence that disciplinary disparities are due
to poverty. (Russell J. Skiba, Mariella I. Arredondo, and M. Karega
Rausch 2014).
Slide 32
Of those there are some 18,064 that get arrested Of those there
are some 3,132 that get detained Of those there are some 446 get
treated as adults Disproportionate Minority Contact (DMC) In
Iowa
Slide 33
What happened here? not Hint: There was not an increase in
youth crime. Example of what NOT to do: Philosophy/Politics vs.
Data/Effectiveness
Slide 34
The Latino Paradox (Is assimilation good for Latinos?) Health:
The Hispanic paradox, or Latino paradox, also known as the
"epidemiologic paradox," refers to the epidemiological finding that
Hispanic and Latino Americans tend to have health outcomes that
paradoxically are comparable to, or in some cases better than,
those of their U.S. white counterparts, even though Hispanics have
lower average income and education. -- John Ruiz, Ph.D., assistant
professor at the University of North Texas 2011 Child welfare: A
2010 study published by the Urban Institute found that things are
different for different generations of Hispanic children. While
children of immigrants were underrepresented in foster care, third
generation children were significantly over-represented. Education:
First generation Latino immigrant youth in non-English speaking
homes have about the same level of educational attainment as third
generation immigrant youth from English-speaking homes, all else
equal. Second generation immigrant youth, however, have higher
educational attainment than third generation immigrant youth, even
when they live in non-English homes. Vanessa Cruz, DePaul
University, 2009
Slide 35
Iowa Department of Human Rights -- Division of Criminal and
Juvenile Justice Planning Iowa Prison Population by Race
Slide 36
Slide 37
Will Immigration Reform Happen??? $159/Day Amount to hold an
immigrant 2 Billion a Year Amount the U.S. Federal Government spent
in 2011 to incarcerate immigrants $45 Million Amount three private
detention companies (Corrections Corporation of America, The GEO
Group, and Management and Training Corp) have spent on the current
Immigration Reform Bill via campaign donations and/or lobbyists at
the state and federal level. Source:
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/09/17/racial-disparity-drug-use_n_3941346.html
http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-201_162-57485392/ap-private-prisons-profit-from-illegal-immigrants/
Slide 38
44% of all Latinos who are eligible to vote in Iowa are between
the ages 18 to 29. This is greater than the share of all Latino
eligible voters nationwide (33%) in that age range. In contrast,
only 20% of all White Iowa eligible voters are between the ages 18
to 29. If Iowa leaders invest in Latino youth now, it will pay- off
tomorrow. If they dont, they will pay tomorrow.
Slide 39
Mission: ISU Extension and Outreach builds partnerships and
provides research-based learning opportunities to improve the
quality of life in Iowa. 4-H Mission: 4-H empowers youth to reach
their full potential through youth and adult partnerships and
research-based experiences. Vision: Preparing (All) Iowas youth to
be successful, contributing members of society Source: 4-H and K-12
Outreach By the Numbers Report, ISU Extension
Slide 40
MY VISION FOR 4-H We as an organization will build on what we
already do so well: empowers youth to reach their full potential
through youth and adult partnerships and research-based experiences
We will add value to all our programs by building the capacity of
our youth, volunteers, community and staff to work in the context
of DIVERSITY and build programs that are welcoming and inclusive of
ALL YOUTH regardless of gender, race, culture, language,
disability, national origin, sexual orientation or socio- economic
status. Overtime, 4-H shall becomeexperts in facilitating the
difficult community and institutional conversations from a systemic
and research informed perspective SO THAT we as a state can empower
ALL OUR YOUTH to reach their full potential. Why: It is a critical
investment in our future as a state It is research based No one
else has the capacity or the scale to make a difference in this
area It is the law It is the right thing to do Why: It is a
critical investment in our future as a state It is research based
No one else has the capacity or the scale to make a difference in
this area It is the law It is the right thing to do But we need
your help.