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The Sphenoid bone

The sphenoid bones resemble a bat ذثم شكم خفاػ .

The sphenoid bones articulates with:

1) All cranial bones.

2) With certain facial bones.

The sphenoid bones are two bones consist from:

1) The body one bone

2) The greater wing two bones

3) The lesser wing two bone

4) Lateral and medial pterygoid plates.

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The greater wing , الجناح األكبر The greater wing is roughly rectangular in shape. with its long axis running anteriolateraly,

parallel to the lateral Wall of the orbit.

جاث( ياص نهجذاس انجاث نذجش انؼ –. يذس انطم رذ تإذجا )أياي انجاح األكثش يغرطم انشكم

The posteromedial angle is truncated and attached to the lowest part of the lateral surface of

the body of the sphenoid well below the level of the lesser wing.

تأد جضء ي انجذاس انجاث نجغى انؼظى تغر يخفض اكثش ي ( يقطػح ذرصم عطح –انضاح )انخهفح

انجاح األصغش

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The posteriolateral angle projects backwards and has “the spine of the sphenoid” extending

downwards from it, immediately posterior to “the foramen spinosum”.

يثاششج خهف نألعفم, انر ذرذ ي انضاح "شكح انؼظى انذذ"( ذثشص نهخهف ذرهك انجاثح –انضاح )انخهفح

"انثقثح انخاػح"

The posteriolateral angle

The spine of the sphenoid

The anterior part of the greater wing is bent upwards.

يذ نألػه )يرج ذ األػه( نهجاحانجضء األياي

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The internal surface forms a “concave cerebral surface”.

انغطخ انذاخه نهجاح شكم "عطخ دياغ يقؼش"

The external surface forms the posterior part of the lateral wall of the orbital cavity

and part of the medial wall of the temporal fossa.

انغطخ انخاسج شكم انجضء انخهف نهجذاس انجاث نذجش انؼ شكم جضء ي انجذاس انعط نهذفشج انصذغح

The temporal fossa

Posterior part of the lateral wall

of the orbital cavity Part of the medial wall

of the temporal fossa

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Both these surfaces (internal and external) unite anteriorly with the zygomatic bone.

رذذا

The upturned end articulates superiorly with:

1) The lesser wing

2) The inferior surface of the frontal and parietal bones.

Thus this part of the bone has bent upwards (نزا انغثة اصثخ زا انجضء يذا ذ األػه)

The lesser wing

The inferior surface of the

frontal and parietal bones

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There is usually a well-marked infratemporal crest on the inferior surface of the wing and

medial to the crest lays the infratemporal fossa.

The temporal and infratemporal fossa with zygomatic arch give rise to the most of the

muscles of mastication.

انذفشج انصذغح يغ انذفشج ذذد انصذغح يغ انقط انج ذؼط شء نؼظى ػظالخ انضغ

The inferior orbital fissure is: a horizontal fissure between the greater wing and maxilla.

It leads forward into the orbit.

The inferior orbital fissure

Infratemporal crest

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The greater wing form: part of the lateral wall and the floor of the medial cranial fossa.

The greater wing

The medial cranial fossa

Foramen rotundum

The 1st foramen is foramen rotundum

- It is situated behind the medial end of the superior orbital fissure.

- It communicates the medial crania fossa to the pterygopalatine fossa.

- It transmits the maxillary nerve division of 5th cranial nerve from the

trigeminal ganglia.

مالحظة مهمة

Foramen ال أى شء ف

ف انصسج يكا ا ذذفظا

اع فثال قذ ذأذ صسج

يضع ػها ذأشش طهة

اإلعى أ قذ ذأذ صسج تذ

ذأشش طهة يكى ا ذأششا

ػه شء يا .

اضا جة ا ذالدظا يارا قم

Foramenكم

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The large foramen ovale

- Posteriolateral to the foramen rotundum.

- Transmits the large sensory root and small motor root of the mandibular

nerve division of the 5th cranial nerve to the infratemporal fossa

- The lesser petrosal nerve also passes through it.

The small foramen spinosum

- The small foramen spinosum lays posteriolateral to foramen ovale.

- Transmits the middle meningeal artery form infratemporal fossa to the middle

cranial fossa, the artery then runs forward and laterally in a groove between the

greater wing and the upper surface of the squamous part of the temporal bone

behind the spine of sphenoid bone.

مالحظة مهمة

Foramen ال أى شء ف

ف انصسج يكا ا ذذفظا

صسج اع فثال قذ ذأذ

يضع ػها ذأشش طهة

اإلعى أ قذ ذأذ صسج تذ

ذأشش طهة يكى ا ذأششا

ػه شء يا .

اضا جة ا ذالدظا يارا قم

Foramenكم

مالحظة مهمة

Foramen ال أى شء ف

ف انصسج يكا ا ذذفظا

اع فثال قذ ذأذ صسج

يضع ػها ذأشش طهة

اإلعى أ قذ ذأذ صسج تذ

ذأشش طهة يكى ا ذأششا

ػه شء يا .

اضا جة ا ذالدظا يارا قم

Foramenكم

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The large and irregular shaped foramen lacerum

- The large and irregular shaped foramen lacerum lies between the sphenoid bone

and the apex of the petrous part of the temporal bone.

The inferior opening of the foramen in life filled by cartilage and fibrous tissue

انفرذح انغفهح نهثقة خالل انذاج ذك يهءج تغضشف تغج نف

and only small blood vessels pass through this tissue from middle cranial cavity to the neck.

فقط األػح انذيح انصغشج ذش خالل زا انغج ي ذجف انججح األعط ان انؼق

مالحظة مهمة

Foramen ال أى شء ف

ف انصسج يكا ا ذذفظا

اع فثال قذ ذأذ صسج

يضع ػها ذأشش طهة

اإلعى أ قذ ذأذ صسج تذ

ذأشش طهة يكى ا ذأششا

ػه شء يا .

اضا جة ا ذالدظا يارا قم

Foramenكم

Immediately behind each medial pterygoid

plate, there is a groove between the greater

wing of the sphenoid bone and the petrous

part of the temporal bone behind the spine

of sphenoid bone, these groove for

cartilaginous part of the auditory tube

and can see the external auditory meatus.

انشجاء اإلرثا ػه يكا انرأشش أل انرأشش نظ ػه

انثقب تم ػه األخذد ت انثقب انز قد

تره تان األعد

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**********جدول **********

Name of the foramen What does it transmit Location of the foramen

Foramen rotundum Transmits the maxillary nerve

division of 5th cranial nerve

Situated behind the medial

end of the superior orbital

fissure

Foramen ovale

Transmits the large sensory

root and small motor root of

the mandibular nerve division

of the 5th cranial nerve

Posteriolateral to the

foramen rotundum

Foramen spinosum Transmits the middle meningeal

artery

Lays posteriolateral to

foramen ovale

Foramen lacerum

The inferior opening of the

foramen in life filled by

cartilage and fibrous tissue

and only small blood vessels

pass through this tissue

Lies between the sphenoid

bone and the apex of the

petrous part of the

temporal bone

Foramen rotundum

Foramen ovale

Foramen spinosum

Foramen lacerum

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Foramen ovale

Foramen spinosum

Foramen lacerum

معناها الكلمة

sphenoid انذذ

cranial قذف

The greater wing األكثش انجاح

The lesser wing األصغش انجاح

parallel ياصح

Wall جذاس

below ذذد, أعفم

immediately فسا

floor أسضح

situated ذرضغذقغ ,

communicates ذرصم

transmits قم

artery ششا

apex قح

انغالو ػهكى

Foramensشج انرشكض تشكم كثش ػه يكاا ف انججح األربعة

اسج يكى خالل انقشاءج انرذقق جذا ي

انرأششاخ نهرأكذ ي ػذو جد خطأ ف دال

جد خطأ فأسج ا ذؼزس أل كرثد ز

انذاضشج تغشػح نك اعها نكى

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عمى الموقع االلكتروني االستفتاءات العقائدية قسم من السيد محمد صادق الحسيني الروحاني )دام ظله العالي( سماحة لمرجع الدينيل