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1 The Spanish present tense 1. Regular verbs -ar Hablar to speak/talk Comprar to buy Escuchar to listen (to) Cocinar to cook Pasar to pass/spend (time) Viajar - to travel -er Correr to run Beber to drink comer to eat creer to believe leer to read responder to answer romper to break -ir Abrir open Compartir to share Cubrir to cover Decidir to decide Vivir to live Discutir to discuss Escribir to write Preparar to prepare temer to fear repartir to give out Trabajar to work vender to sell subir to climb/go up Cooperar to cooperate comprender to understand sufrir to suffer Mirar to watch/look at Descansar to rest Necesitar to need Celebrar - to celebrate To form the present tense, remove the -ar, -er, -ir from the infinitive and add the following endings: -ar verbs -er verbs -ir verbs Yo -o -o -o -as -es -es Él/Ella/Usted -a -e -e Nosotros -amos -emos -imos Vosotros -áis -éis -ís Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes -an -en -en Por ejemplo Hablar to speak (yo) hablo - I speak / tú hablas you speak etc. -er, -ir verbs are the same in the present tense except for the nosotros and vosotros forms

The Spanish present tense · 2018. 8. 16. · 3 Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form of the present tense and then translate the sentences into English. a. Yo _____ (saber)

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Page 1: The Spanish present tense · 2018. 8. 16. · 3 Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form of the present tense and then translate the sentences into English. a. Yo _____ (saber)

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The Spanish present tense

1. Regular verbs

-ar Hablar – to speak/talk Comprar – to buy Escuchar – to listen (to) Cocinar – to cook Pasar – to pass/spend (time) Viajar - to travel

-er Correr – to run Beber – to drink comer – to eat creer – to believe leer – to read responder – to answer romper – to break

-ir Abrir – open Compartir – to share Cubrir – to cover Decidir – to decide Vivir – to live Discutir – to discuss Escribir – to write

Preparar – to prepare temer – to fear repartir – to give out Trabajar – to work vender – to sell subir – to climb/go up Cooperar – to cooperate comprender – to understand sufrir – to suffer Mirar – to watch/look at Descansar – to rest Necesitar – to need Celebrar - to celebrate To form the present tense, remove the -ar, -er, -ir from the infinitive and add the following

endings:

-ar verbs -er verbs -ir verbs

Yo -o -o -o

Tú -as -es -es

Él/Ella/Usted -a -e -e

Nosotros -amos -emos -imos

Vosotros -áis -éis -ís

Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes -an -en -en

Por ejemplo

Hablar – to speak (yo) hablo - I speak / tú hablas – you speak etc.

-er, -ir verbs are the same in the

present tense except for the

nosotros and vosotros forms

Page 2: The Spanish present tense · 2018. 8. 16. · 3 Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form of the present tense and then translate the sentences into English. a. Yo _____ (saber)

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Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form of the present tense and then translate the sentences

into English.

a. Ella siempre ________________ (beber) vino de La Rioja cuando ____________ (viajar) al

País Vasco.

b. Ellos nunca _______________ (descansar) durante el día.

c. Pablo y María _______________ (vivir) en un apartamento en el centro de Madrid.

d. Yo solo ____________ (mirar) la televisión los fines de semana.

e. Carmen y yo ______________ _ (cantar) en el coro local.

f. ¿_______________ (bailar) tú mejor cuando estás un poco borracho?

g. Marta _______________ (subir) la escalera a su dormitorio a las ocho y media.

h. La familia Gonzalez ________________ (vivir) en una ciudad muy grande.

i. ¿___________________ (escribir) vosotros más cartas o mensajes electrónicos?

j. Los amigos siempre _________________ (comer) fajitas cuando tienen una fiesta?

Translate the following sentences into Spanish.

a. My cat drinks milk but doesn’t drink water.

b. Carli’s mother talks to the reporter (el/la reportero).

c. Peter and Jane need good grades (buenas notas).

d. Today the twins celebrate their birthday.

e. The children listen to music in the garden.

f. We give the newspapers out to the people in the station.

g. Do you (tú) read crime or science fiction novels?

h. I sell lots of things in the market.

Using more of the above verbs, invent some more present tense sentences of your own.

2. Some verbs are only ‘irregular’ in the ‘yo’ form.

Verb Meaning ‘Yo’ form

saber To know (fact) sé

dar To give doy

traducir To translate traduzco

conocer To know (person/place) conozco

conducir To drive conduzco

poner To put pongo

hacer To do/make hago

salir To leave/go out salgo

traer To bring traigo

Page 3: The Spanish present tense · 2018. 8. 16. · 3 Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form of the present tense and then translate the sentences into English. a. Yo _____ (saber)

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Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form of the present tense and then translate the

sentences into English.

a. Yo _______________ (saber) que el presidente es loco.

b. El camarero nos ______________ (traer) una botella de vino tinto.

c. Yo ______________ (salir) con amigos los viernes y los sábados.

d. Nosotros ________________ (conocer) a mucha gente en el pueblo.

e. Susana y Juan ____________ (dar) mucho dinero a obras benéficas.

f. Mañana mi padre y yo _________________ (poner) la estrella en el árbol de navidad.

g. A veces yo _______________ (conducir) de York a Londres en vez de tomar el tren.

h. Yo _______________ (hacer) las camas por la tarde.

i. Los estudiantes de español ________________ (traducir) los textos al inglés.

j. Yo no _________________ (conocer) muy bien la ciudad.

Using the above verbs, invent some more present tense sentences of your own. Don’t just use the

‘yo’ forms.

3. Irregular verbs

Ser – to be soy/eres/es/somos/sois/son Ir – to go voy/vas/va/vamos/vais/van Tener – to have tengo/tienes/tiene/tenemos/tenéis/tienen Venir – to come vengo/vienes/viene/venimos/venís/vienen Estar – to be estoy/estás/está/estamos/estáis/están Oír – to hear oigo/oyes/oye/oímos/oís/oyen Decir – to say digo/dices/dice/decimos/decís/dicen Construir – to bulid construyo/construyes/construye/contruimos/construís/construyen Translate the following sentences into Spanish.

a. I am a teacher and I work in a large school. b. The boys are going to the beach to play football. c. The Jones family have three cats, two dogs and a rabbit. d. ¿Are you (usted) coming to the party this evening? e. We are ready (listos) to leave right now. f. ¿Do you (tú) hear the noise? g. They say that chocolate is healthy. h. The Spanish government builds 100,000 new houses each year.

Page 4: The Spanish present tense · 2018. 8. 16. · 3 Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form of the present tense and then translate the sentences into English. a. Yo _____ (saber)

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4. Stem changing verbs ALL change in the BOOT conjugation, i.e. in the yo/tú/él/ella/usted and ellos/ellas/ustedes forms

Example

Cerrar – to close e>ie

Yo cierro nosotros cerramos

Tu cierras vosotros cerráis

Él/ella/usted cierra ellos/ellas/ustedes cierran

cerrar e > ie To close morir o > ue To die

comenzar e > ie To start pedir e > i To ask for

contar o > ue To count pensar e > ie To think

costar o > ue To cost perder e > ie To lose

devolver o > ue To give back preferir e > ie To prefer

divertirse e > ie To have fun probar o > ue To try (food)

dormir o > ue To sleep querer e > ie To want

empezar e > ie To begin repetir e > i To repeat

encontrar o > ue To find seguir e > i To follow

entender e > ie To understand sentirse e > ie To feel

jugar u > ue To play servir e > i To serve

mentir e > ie To lie soñar o > ue To dream

volver o > ue To return

Put the stem changing verbs in brackets into the correct form of the present tense and then

translate the sentences into English.

a. Pablo ________________ (comenzar) su curso de matemáticas en Septiembre.

b. Las naranjas _______________ (costar) mucho menos en España.

c. Pedro y yo _____ ___________________ (divertirse) mucho durante las vacaciones de

verano.

d. Los futbolistas ________________ (jugar) al fútbol todos los días excepto los domingos.

e. Sus padres _______________ (volver) a casa a las cinco menos cuarto.

f. Dicen que los océanos ________________ (morir) por los plásticos.

g. Cuando voy a un restaurante español siempre ______________ (pedir) calamares al ajillo.

h. ¿________________ (preferir) vosotros el pollo o el cerdo?

i. A menudo los turistas ______________ (probar) los mariscos de la zona.

j. Juana y Amelia ______________ (servir) comida a los trabajadores de la fábrica.

Using the above verbs, invent some more present tense sentences of your own.