The silver-lead deposits of the Mowrymine, Mowry, Santa Cruz County, Arizona

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Authors Prout, John W.

Publisher The University of Arizona.

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5

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I hand you herew ith a v ery co n c ise s ta tem en t

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o f th e work and departm ents I have had ch arg e o f s in c e being' • I .

under the eizrol'oyment o f th is Company d u rin g th e p a s t th re e (5)1

y e a r s . I f any more d e t a i l s a re r e q u ir e d , o r an y th in g morei

f u l l y d is c u s se d , w i l l g la d ly fu rn is h a d d i t io n s .

T ru s tin g th i s w i l l be s a t i s f a c to r y , I am,!ij Yours v e ry ^ tru ly , _ / 0

GBO. FALLOOM, CEMERAL mAMAGER

N s s w Y o r k O f f i c e s :

WALL Street Excka^ob Boilei^o

43 EXCHANGE PEACE

Mowsy, Santa Cruz Co., Ariz.,.

(3 )

r.~r-.r;;

During th is tim e a l l the ore bodies have been under de­

velopment and the e x tra c tio n of th e ir o res i s non' c a rr ie d on

to an ex ten t o f about 200 - 250 tons d a i ly .

"V We have up to th is year developed and have blocked out

about 5 years o f ore a t the r a te o f our p resen t cap ac ity and

•Vfc; -

1

demands a t tlie Monry.

A S ilv e r Lead fu rn ace , s ize 36" x 108", a t the tuyere

le v e l vras co n s tru c ted in the summer of 1905 - type designed

— by the Colorado Iro n Works?

Shaft from feed f lo o r to top o f water ja c k e ts 111 - 8"

1 3 - 3 tu y e re s - 6 on e i th e r side - 1 in r e a r .

B last, fu rn ish ed by one - #5 ConnersvAlle C yloidal Blower -

d e liv e ry 25 cu . F t . A ir per rev o lu tio n d riven by a 16" x 36”

Bates C o rlis s Engine.>

Capacity of fu rnace approxim ately 100 tons per dsy. Up

. ’to Sept. 1906 only h ig h grade ores,were t r e a te d . The necessary

iro n " f lu x e s ob ta ined from Mine in form of Manganese Iro nth e

_0revb* a s so c ia te d w ith main ore le a s e ; and^lim estone q u a rried

from w ith in 200 y ard s of the Smelter, The need o f a M il l 'to__ - . r-e »-^

'. g t r e a t the low grade o res was "found ad v isab le , so , in the Spring

' and Summer o f 19t)6 a Concentrating M ill was e re c te d , tak in g

Tables — 2 Simplex ta b le s or B a r t le t t — 10 - 9 1 Prue

V anners,.necessary sc reen s, e lev a to rs , e t c . . . . .

The ore i s crushed, e lev a ted , and then to trommel

sc reen , oversize from th is screen to a b in , screened product

goes d ir e c t to a s e r ie s o f S p itzkasten s iz in g tanks. Prom the

b in the o v ers izes are au tom atica lly fed to an e le v a to r and r e - '

screened, the screened product then goes d i r e c t to the S p itzk as-

•> - - ten tan k s ,-o v e r s iz e s are then passed to r o l l s , e tc . u n t i l a l l

th e ore passes a 16 mesh screen , then a l l goes to the s iz in g

tank , then d is t r ib u te d to 8 W ilfley and 2 Simplex ta b le s ,

a l l the ta b le ta i l in g s a re passed to the Prue Vanner room

and reco n cen tra ted ; ( a l l of the machinery in the M ill i s

- __ driven by 2 en g in e s) . The concen tra tes go d ire c t to b in s a t

Sm elter and sm elted .

One la rg e Company S to re , Boarding House f o r men, Bunk

Houses, D w ellings, e tc . numbering in a ll . aboutm25, which does

not inc lude the numerous homes of those employed a t the d i f -

fe re n t e n te rp r is e s , have been b u i l t .

Power i s fu rn ish ed ^rom one b a tte ry of b o i le r s -

inc lud ing 4 - 100 H.P. and 2 - 60 H. P. B o ile rs . Tills s e r ie s

o f b o ile r s are ample fo r supplying steam fo r a l l Sm elting,

M illing , Mining and Pumping o p era tio n s. h.._

A ll mine d r i l l i n g i s done by the use o f compressed a i r . ..

The w ater from the Mine on th e 400* le v e l i s pumped to

su rface about 200 erals. per m inute: th is w ater i s s u f f ic ie n t

QEO. PALLOON, QENBRAL MANAGER

Kkw Tronic Offices*

WALL Street Exchange Boileikg

43 EXCHANGE PEACE

BSowry, S anta Cruz Go., Ariz.,.

(4)

During the time X have been a t Mowry, we have opened up

and developed 5 ore bodies, from the su rface down to 300:

and 400 • le v e ls of the Mine.

Many grades of ore e x is t in the Mine from a low grade

m illin g ore to a very high grade sm elting o re .

Most o f the work has been arranged so th a t the ores

a re taken from the Mine through one main working s h a f t .

• This sh a ft i s now doing th e work on these o th e rs .

ALTO COPPER COMPANY.

At Alto a g ra v ity tramway has been co n s tru c ted on the

mountain side 1300 f e e t in len g th which runs from the face

of th e mountain to a p o in t of a tunnel s i t e ; through the

tu n n e l and by the tramway a l l the product from the Mine i s

tran sm itte d to the fo o t o f the mountain.

Here we have about 5,000 fe e t of re ce n t development

work. :v X.:We have a Power House which fu rn ish es compressed a i r -

' .................. ' ' v -by a S u lliv an Air Compressor fo r d r i l l i n g purposes, e to .

• .......7 % • . . a . . .. .

•; •t.-r*; • 1 rnr . ' mil a --wq i n ---- ** ** - -i— — — —*4—- — ' ---

r . • '.L '" ;

f irnbBifiiBUktm MAn&iimA

New York Offices*

V T a IsZ. Street Exchakgb Bcieoino

43 EXCHANGE PEACE

Mo wry, S anta Cruz Co., Ariz.,.

(5 )

being in a l l about - 5 n a in ve in s , po rtions of which ca rry

h igh copper v a lu es , and o th er p o rtio n s the ores a re ga lenas.

At p re sen t not much work i s being done on the

Je ffe rso n and nothing much w ill be accomplished there u n t i l

th e R ailroad ,-w hich i s now under co n s tru c tio n , i s b u i l t .

— The proposed R ailroad w il l be, approxim ately, 30 m iles

lo n g .

A ll of the above work has been done during the time I

have been a t Mowry since Ju ly 1904. AX co n s tru c tio n work

•' o f Sm elter, M ill, e tc . was done under ray su p e rv is io n .

The Sm elter has been operating since November 1905.\

A ll o f the m e ta llu rg ic a l work fo r i t has been done by m yself.

and I a lso d ire c te d the operation o f same.7?' "T"' ~ r--—* —-

During th is tim e i t has turned out considerab le over

work was done by m yself - suoh as surveys of underground work- k;..... - , r - .. - - 5in g s - p re lim in ary fo r R ailroad , eto^ - a l l chemical work.

I.'.■ Shoot Ho. 18

T his goes to show th a t ao we g e t to p o in ts removed

tf;VI.‘ ^ i :'i":tho zone o f f r a c tu r e the S i l i c a seems to in c re a s e u n t i l we

■: ■.}!•*■!' ' f in d p o r tio n s o f the Limestone which are n e a r ly .50^ S i l i c a .

-; ;V'Av. The Lim estone being so pure a t t h i s p o in t o f d isp lacem en t,

• \ .

:,"K:they must have re c e iv e d a d d it io n s from the in t r u s iv e mass

•:V'1 \X$! below . I a ls o g iv e below an a n a ly s is o f th e B a sa lt f o r th e

. ;v:M v&:A:°ake o f com parison:

W '

m v : - ^1 '■

B a s a l t .

ilA'-:

:«

«• ,

■: • ■■

s i o* A1*0„ Pe 0 Pe^O, Ca 0 Mg 0 Na,0 K 3.0 Loss

l48.00%17.40%

5.00%6.95^8.98%1.29%4.19%3.01%4.20%

l--:;T o ta l ........... 99.0256

'..-A''

■ ' • A

The f u tu r e developm ent o f the Mine should be to g a in a

;:e^;; V: dep th .o f &t l e a s t 800 f e e t to 1,000 f e e t , and th en do sy s tem a ticI <■ r. ■

work. When the o re body i s developed a t such a d ep th , and

under c o n d itio n s th a t must e x i s t th e re , i t shou ld have ab so -:Av'

A’A;_.^lute permanency. I t i s a q u e s tio n in my mind, as w e ll as o f

’AiVA’:,. -o th e rs , w hether much Lead o re s w i l l e x i s t a t g re a t dep th ; they>.;V: Ait;,\ i :'r ;,may p o ss ib ly be re p la c e d by some o th e r m eta l as Copper, Gold,

A k S A S i l v e r ‘o r z in c .:riiSilrII,:.

R e sp e c tfu lly Subm itted:

( z

L im estone: The lim e stonea which o v e r lie the Q u a r tz is te and

o r ig in a l ly conform ing w ith i t , and th e nex t in g e o lo g ic a l

o rd e r , c o n s is ts o f th e S i lu r ia n s e r ie s , which i s approxim ately

seven hundred and f i f t y f e e t in th ic k n e s s , w ith now and

then a more s i l i o io u s band o f lim esto n e between pure

. s t r a t a e of L im estone. Above th i s , and form ing the h ig h e s t

p o r tio n o f th e h i l l , e x i s t s the Devonian s e r ie s c o n s is t in g o f

Limestone and some Sandstone. These Lim estones and Sandstones

have the same g e n e ra l s t r ik e and d ip us th e u n d e rly in g Q uart­

z i t e , w ith the ex cep tio n of p la c e s o f d isp lacem en t and o f

g r e a te r d is tu rb a n c e s . The metamorphia a c t io n having been so

g r e a t , th e p robab le S i lu r ia n s e r ie s have alm ost e n t i r e ly been

r e o r y s t a l l l z e d , th e re b y , d e s tro y in g a l l t r a c e s o f anim al l i f e

• belonkng to t h i s g e o lo g ic a l tim e . However, in the Devonian

s e r i e s , we have e x is t in g f o s s i l s o f bo th anim al and v e g e ta b le

l i f e d u rin g th i s p e r io d o f tim e, th u s , d i s t i n c t l y and unques­

tio n a b ly c la s s i f y in g th i s s e r ie s as Devonian.

Sheet Ho. 6 .

Sheet No. 7.

DYNAMIC GEOLOGY.

U p ti l t in g o f S efttm en tarlea :

We f in d a t Mowry a p e c u l ia r g e o lo g ic a l c o n d itio n .

The nedem enatries have been t i l t e d from th e i r o r ig in a l

h o r iz o n ta l p o s i t io n by a dynam ical u p l i f t , form ing o r ig in a l ly

an a n t i c l i n a l f o ld , th e n o rth e rn slope o f th e rem aining

uneroded p o r t io n being a t Mowry, th e so u th ern s l$ p e a t Washing­

ton Camp and DuQuesne. The c r e s t o f the f o ld having been

washed and eroded away, form ing th e v a l le y known as Mowry

Wash, le a v in g the se d e n e n ta r ie s on th e Mowry H i l l u p t i l t e d a t

an angle o f about 45 d eg rees from th e h o r iz o n ta l ' w ith a

g e n e ra l d ip to the n o rth w est, a l l th e edges o f tho u p t i l t e d

, s t r a t a s be in g exposed; e x c ep tin g , where o th e r movements o f

th e c r u s t has caused o th e r d isp lacem en ts . This p rofound

dynam ical e f f e c t was w rought by mountain making p ro c e s s .

At W ashington and DuQuesne we f in d some o f th e same

g e n e ra l c o n d i t io n , a f fo rd in g a p roo f o f t h i s g e n e ra l dynamic

u p l i f t , h e r e th e sedem en taries d ip in g en e ra l in the o p p o site

d i r e c t io n to those a t Mowry.

As a m a tte r o f s c i e n t i f i c i n t e r e s t , i t would be w e ll

to make a survey connecting th e two camps to f in d as n e a rly

as p o s s ib le the p ro b ab le arch th a t e x is te d a t the tim e o f the

u p l i f t .F is s u re System:

At a p o in t , app ro x im ate ly , one hundred f e e t e a s t o f ■ •/-

th e end l in e s o f the E n te rp r is e and E as t E x tension Claim s, a

sim ple d isp lacem en t took p lace whereby the h i l l e a s t o f th i s

l i n e was fo rc e d by a l a t e r a l p re s s u re so u th e rly about f o r ty

/ f e e t , cau sin g a d i s t i n c t b reak between th e two h i l l s cau sin g

profound f i s s u r e in g , which allow ed th e v o lc a n ic in je c t io n to

come f o r th through th e g r a n i te nrtd thence to the o v e r l in e

sed em en ta rie s . The fo rc e o f t h i s in je c t io n was not s tro n g

Sheet Ho. 8.

enough to make i t s way to the s u r fa c e , bu t in s te a d , a f t e r leav ing

th e g r a n i te f i s s u r e , i t sp read o u t between the Limestone and the

G ran ite form ing a boss or vo loan io knob which assumes alm ost

the c o n d itio n o f a l a c o o l i t e , form ing u n d ern ea th th e su rface

a huge mass of v o lc an ic m a tte r . The h ig h e s t p o r tio n o f which

so f a r developed in the Mine i s on th e 250* l e v e l .

. This sh e a r zone, or crushed zone, caused by th i s

deplacem ent i s a t n e a r ly r ig h t an g le s w ith th e g e n e ra l dynam ical

u p l i f t ru n n in g , approx im ately , n o r th -w e s t, and th u s a f fo rd in g

th e making o f fav o rab le su rround ings f o r the d e p o s it io n o f ore

b o d ie s .

The Lim estone in the v ic in i ty o f t h i s sh e a r zone

shows a m oh h ig h e r p ercen tag e o f Lime (0a 0) th an a t p o in ts

removed from th i s zone, showing, th a t th e re must have been

a d d i t io n s fu rn is h e d to th e Limestone by the su p e rh ea ted vapor

from the m olten magma below.

Also along th e c o n ta c t between the G ran ite and th e

Lim estone they a re very much p u re r than a t p o in ts removed from

th i s d e f in i t e l i n e . /

V/e f in d a ls o a t the cru shed zone, o r f i s s u r e , th a t

the s t r a t a s on th e e a s t h i l l a re a l l conform able and have a

• w e s te r ly co u rse , w h ile those on th e west h i l l have th e same

course f iv e hundred f e e t w est o f t h i s zone, o r f r a c tu r e , and,

from th a t p o in t , g ra d u a lly tu rn in l ik e p o r t io n s o f c o n c e n tr ic,>J: -

r in g s a t the d isp lacem en t p la n e .

C ontact Metamorphism:

The c o n ta c t between the Limestone and the G ran ite

f u rn is h e s u s w ith a m in e ra liz e d zone f o r some tw elve hundred

f e e t in le n g th , w hich, v a r ie s in w idth from a few in ch es to

where le n se s o f o re have been d e p o s ite d in the Lim estone up

to e ig h ty and one hundred and tw enty f iv e f e e t in w id th ; th ese

ex ten d in g from th e g r a n i te w a ll out in to the L im estone.

Sheet No. 9

Tills c o n ta c t p lane has been h ig h ly metamorphosed

f o r I t s e n t i r e d is ta n c e on the p ro p e r ty o f the Mowry Mines Com­

pany, r e s u l t i n g , from the dynam ical u p l i f t , and by th e h o t

w a te rs which had th e i r o r ig in a t the f i s s u r e ,a n d th e superheat­

ed vapors from the in je c te d magma below, which on leav in g

t h e i r p p in te o f o r ig in made th e i r way along th i s c o n ta c t p lane

form ing la rg e le n se s of o re and metamorph6sing to a v ery high

degree ev e ry th in g th a t they came in c o n ta c t w ith . As a lread y

m entioned , th e se same ag en c ies had th e i r in f lu e n c e in th e mot-

am orphic a l t e r a t i o n s o f th e Cambrian Sandstone, making ou t o f

i t a mass o f Q u a r tz i te .

Dike System:

At th e time o f the in je c t io n o f the m olten mass,

i t com plete ly f i l l e d the f i s s u r e ,a n d , in c o o lin g , c o n tra c te d

le a v in g a sh rin k ag e p lan e between one s id e o f the d ik e and

th e g r a n i te . This allow ed a way fo r magma t i e w a te rs , v ap o rs ,

fumes e t o . <:to .e sc a p e and ascend in the sh ear zone form ed.I1

The co n n ec tio n between th e f a u l t in d i r e c t ly shown

by developm ent work in the Mine. D ire c tly underneath- t h i s

sh ear zone as v i s ib le on the su rfa c e the in t r u s io n of the

igneous b a s a l t i c mass in to the sh e a r zone has been developed

below.

On the 4 0 0 1 l e v e l , and d i r e c t ly under the sh e a r zone,

we have the d ik e ro o k , o r b a s a l t , in d i r e c t c o n ta c t w ith the

g r a n i te , o r , r a t h e r , in c o n ta c t w ith a s c h i s t o f th e g r a n i te .

T his s o h ia t was undoubted ly formed by th e metamorphisra o f th e

g r a n i te w a ll a t the tim e o f the b a s a l t i c in t r u s io n . At th i s

p o in t we f in d th e g r a n i te and d ike s ta n d in g a t abou t e ig h ty

d eg rees from th e h o r iz o n ta l alm ost v e r t i c a l . T his r e p re s e n ts

the so u th -w e s te r ly s id e o f the d ik e . A c ro sso u t was s t a r t e d

through the d ik e bu t a t p re se n t has no t been f in i s h e d ; th i s i s '

in a p o r tio n o f the l a o o o l i t e . However, a t a p o in t n o rth -w est

Sheet No. 10.o f t h i s , about one hundred and f i f t y f e e t , the d ike wan c ro ss­

c u t te d , and, on the n o r th -e a s te r ly s id e , the Limestone was en­

co u n te red ; h e re the Limestone was metamorphosed and r e o r y s ta l—

l l z e d in to a m arble o f very pure v a r ie ty by the in f lu e n c e of

th e igneous in je c t io n . We have between the d ik e and the

metamorphosed lim estone a very s i l io io u o band which i s probably

the s i l i o a th a t was o r ig in a l ly co n ta in ed in the lim esto n e .

The p re s su re ex e rte d by the dike m a te r ia l was undoubted ly very

g re a t and would n e c e s s a r i ly have i t s in f lu en c e in the t r a n s ­

fo rm atio n o f the L im estone, making i t more com pact, and would

cause a r e o r y s t a l l i z a t i o n .

R e la tio n sh ip o f th e F is su re System, C ontact Metamprphlsm, P ike System and

U p ti l t in g o f G cdem entaries.

I t would be n a tu ra l to conclude th a t the g e n e ra l

dynamic u p l i f t and u p t i l t i n g o f the o ed iraen ta rie s had n o th in g

w hatsoever to do w ith the o re d e p o s it io n s , th a t i s , as to th e i r

o r ig in . T hese’c o n d itio n s sim ply made l i k e l y and p ro b ab lei '

p la c e s f o r the aecum m ulation o f any m in e ra liz e d w a te rs ,a n d

a llo w in g th e i r m in e ra l c o n s t i tu e n ts to d e p o s it in th e form o f

o r e s , w hich, t h i s c o n ta c t p lan e has done. The r e s u l t o f the

sh e a r zone, o r c rushed zo n e , was th a t i t caused a profound

f i s s u r e which made the way f o r the e ru p tiv e mass to come f o r th

from dep ths below; t h i s r e s u l t e d in a llow ing s o l f a t a r io w a te rs

to ascend from below, decompose and a l t e r th e s id e s of the f i s ­

su re , c o l l e c t the m in e ra ls , c a r ry them in s o lu t io n , and on th e i r

r e le a s e d p re s su re in the upper zenes to d e p o s it t h e i r m in e ra l

c o n s t i tu e n ts , and to pass on o u t and to i n f i l t r a t e in to the con­

t a c t p lane e x is t in g between the g r a n i te and sed em en ta rie s .

Sheet No. 11

ORE DEPOSITS.

P lesu reD ep o filts :

The ore bod ies ooour In le n s e s In th e f i s s u r e

and in the c o n ta c t p lane between the g r a n i te and sed em en taries .

The ore body in the C iseu re i s a le n se o f o re ,

o r , r a th e r a chimney, e l l p t i o a l in form or a h o r iz o n ta l c ro ss

s e c tio n v ery p o in ted a t the ends about fo u r f e e t w ide, and

w idening towards the m iddle u n t i l a t i t s w id es t i t i s e ig h ty

f iv e to one hundred and twenty f iv e f e e t .

In th i s o re body the K aolin i s a s s o c ia te d w ith th e

o re e x is t in g on th e so u th e r ly s id e , or g r a n t i t e s id e o f th e

le n s e . Next to th e g ra n i te a t the s o u th -e a s t p o r tio n of

th e body th e ore i s accompanied by a decomposed manganese iro n

d e p o s it - p silo m elan e - w ith more or l e s s o f a p u re r v a r ie ty7

i p y r o lu s i te , w hich, w ith i t s co n n ec tio n s , form s about one-

f i f t h o f th e ore body. Here a s s o c ia te d w ith th e manganese we

f in d e x is t in g our h ig h e s t grade o f s i l v e r b ea rin g Galena o re s

found in th e Mine. V alues taken from here have shown as h igh

as 3 ,800 ounces o f s i l v e r p er to n .

The rem ainder o f the ore body i s made up o f lower

g rade o res o f a p robab le secondary d e p o s it io n . These o res a re

m iin ly decomposed O e ru s s ite , e s p e c ia l ly so , in th e o ld w ork ings.

In t h i s same le n se Mowry worked in to th e 6 0 ‘o down to the 350»

le v e l o f our main w o rk in g s; in h is o p e ra t io n s , lie sim ply mined

in Mexican s ty le by fo llo w in g the b e t t e r g rad es o f ore le a v in g

many sm all openings which caused in y ea rs l a t e r the s o l id p i l l a r s

betw een to decompose. As a r e s u l t , we have a huge mass o f

o x id iz e d decomposed m a te r ia l a l l of which c a r r ie s enough v a lu es

f o r u s to mine and go under trea tm en t f o r th e v a lu e s th e re in

co n ta in ed

Sheet No. 12

We have about one hundred and f i f t y tons per day

c a p a c ity c o n c e n tra tin g m i l l fo r th e trea tm en t o f such o re s .

• The* c o n c e n tra te s go to the Sm elter d i r e c t f o r sm e ltin g .

The Galena being the f i r s t o re deposited , from hot

w ate r a c t io n , and being found a t t h i s p o in t on ly , i s evidence

o f th e o r ig in a l source o f m in e ra l b ea rin g s o lu t io n s . Also

i t s c lo se a s s o c ia t io n w ith th e manganese body which was u n ­

d o u b ted ly d e p o s ite d from th e se same s o lu t io n s . The h ig h e s t

v a lu e s e x i s t from th e 100* to th e 300* l e v e l , and i s , p o s s ib ly ,

a zone o f en richm en t. Above the 100* le v e l i s a zone v ery

muoh o x id iz e d , more th an a t any o th e r p lace in th e Mine. And

below t h i s zone o f enrichm ent e x i s t s a zone c a rry in g somewhat#

low er v a lu e s , v/hioh i s p robab ly due to le a v in g the sedem on taries

v iz : L im estone, and p a ss in g to the p o in t where th e d ike i t s e l f

w i l l e x i s t between g r a n i te w a lls and"wi.ll then be below any

l in e s o f o x id iz a t io n . V/e would then n e c e s s a r i ly expect to

f in d r i c h v a lu e s in more co n c en tra ted le n s e s . T his zone o f

enriolirnent e x i s t s j u s t above the top o f th e la o o o l i th io igneous

mass and e x a c tly in the sh ear zone, so t h a t , the e x is te n c e o f

such an immense d e p o s it i s p robab ly due to the f a c t th a t an

e x t r a amount o f su p e rh ea ted vapors from t h i s .la o o o lith io mass,

in co n n ec tio n w ith o th e r roagmatlo ascending w a te rs , d es tro y ed

th e Lim estone in th e sh e a r zone - which would n a tu r a l ly he

v ery r e a d i ly decomposed - and make a d e p o s itio n o f o re s .

As i s th e h i s to r y o f many o f the la rg e mines in the

South-W est, g re a th dep th must be a t ta in e d b e fo re the tru e v a lu e

o f th e p ro p e r ty in a s c e r ta in e d . As c o n d itio n s p re se n t them­

se lv e s i t i s most c e r ta in ly a d v isa b le f o r t i l l s Company to reach

th e depth o f no t le s s than 1,000 f e e t b e fo re th e t ru e value o f

th e p ro p e rty w i l l be known.

th e Q u a r tz ite to a p o in t about 700 f e e t w est from th e sh ear zone

Sheet No. 13

Contact D ep o sits :

The c o n ta c t p lane a f fo rd s a n a tu r a l means o f eg ress

f o r th e aco m n m latio n o f a l l w a te rs from any so u rce , th u s ,

a llo w in g from m in e ra liz ed s o lu t io n s th e i r c o n te n ts to he de­

p o s i te d in la rg e l e n t i c u la r o re b o d ie s . The lim esto n es being

more r e a d i ly a c te d on by a c id ic w aters would n a tu r a l ly be de­

composed f i r s t le av in g th e g r a n i te s u n a l te r e d .

The ascending m in e ra l b ea rin g w ate rs coming in con­

t a c t w ith the lim esto n es would, d e s tro y them making la rg e

l e n t i c u l a r le n s e s , and, in t h e i r decom position , form ing b a s ic

ca rb o n a te s which would p r e c ip i t a t e th e Lead from s o lu t io n in th e

form o f Lead C arbonates, o r C e ru s s lte s . Those w a te rs coming!

from th e f i s s u r e and g e t t in g in co n tac t w ith the g r a n i te which

i s no t so e a s i ly decomponed would i n f i l t r a t e along th e c o n ta c t

p lan e between th e g r a n i te and sed em en taries form ing la rg e

le n se s o f o re .

The f i r s t body o f t h i s c h a ra c te r removed from the

sh e a r zone i s com prised o f C e ru s s ite w ith very l i t t l e or no

Galena and no Manganese. These o res average , ap p rox im ate ly ,

from 50$ to 60$ Lead, and 50 to 100 Ounces in s i l v e r . This

ore body w i l l average from , ap p ro x im a te ly , 35 f e e t in w id th to

50 f e e t in le n g th .

The ore o f th e second d e p o s it removed from the f i s ­

su re i s com prised o f an average g rade o f a sandy C e ru s s ite ,

commonly term ed "Sand C arbonates? th i s d e p o s it c a r r i e s a con­

s id e ra b le amount o f S i l i c a a s s o c ia te d w ith the o re . The

th i r d , and l a s t body o f o re , removed from the f lis su re i s

sim ply a rep lacem en t where the i n f i l t r a t i n g w a te rs have depos­

i t e d "more o r l e s s v a lu e s in th e form o f Lead Oxide and

C e ru s s ite in any seams o r c racks e x is t in g in the Q u a r tz i te .

T his h a s , n e c e s s a r i ly , m in e ra liz e d to a c o n s id e ra b le e x te n t

th e Q u a r tz ite to a p o in t about 700 f e e t west from th e sh ear zone;

Minet No. 14

th lo d e p o s it w i l l c a rry on an average o f about 15 to 30$ Lead;

a sm all amount o f I ro n , and, approx im ate ly , 60$ S i l i c a , showing

th a t the w a te rs us they become f u r th e r removed from th e ir

o r ig in a l source become le s s m in e ra liz ed ,a n d ,b y m etasom atism,

become very s i l i o i o u s , in f a c t , so much so , th a t th e r e s u l t in g

p ro d u c t can h a rd ly be mined a t a p r o f i t*

The d eep est o f th e se i n f i l t r a t i o n s a re abou t th ree

hundred f e e t below the s u r fa c e .

Those f a c t s a l l go to show th a t the magmatio w ate rs

which emanated from the e ru p tiv e magma, f i l l i n g the f i s s u r e ,

made t h e i r way up through the sh ear zone which a f fo rd e d a g re a t

r e c e p ta c le f o r th e acournnulation of the m inera l b ea rin g so lu ­

t io n s so th a t they were a b le to d e p o s it t h e i r c o n te n ts , and, in/ '

le av in g t h i s zone, and coming in c o n ta c t w ith th e g r a n i te , would

then fo llo w th i s perm anent w a ll form ing r e g u la r channels fo r

the e g re s s o f the w a te rs , and any d i s to r t i o n in t h i s w a ll would

n a tu r a l ly make a d is tu rb a n c e in the o v e r ly in g sed em en taries so

th a t whenever th e w ate rs would meet any such c o n d itio n s they

would acoumraulate and make a d e p o s itio n of m in e ra l

The fo llo w in g H a t ooraprlaea the p r in c ip a l m in e ra ls o f

Lead o ccu rrin g In the Mine, and form the h ac la o f a l l the

w orkable o ren .

G alena, Pb S, o re la Boraetlmes c a l le d Lead Glance la

a Monoaulphlde belonging to the Iso m e tric myaten, the c leavage

o f which la cubic h ig h ly p e r f e c t . T h e o re tic a l ly co n ta in in g

abou t 86.6$ Lead, and the rem aining 13.4(6 S u lp h u r. The

Galennn o f Mowry c a r ry about 68(6 Lead and a re a rg e n t i f e ro u s

w ith v a r ia b le amounts o f s i l v e r averag ing from 100 Ounces to

4,000 Ounces to th e to n w ith b a re ly a t r a c e o f Copper and about

$1 .00 in Gold. These makes the r i c h e s t o res th a t come from

th e Mine.

A n g les !te , Pb S O,,, th e n e x t ; in o rd e r and the f i r s t a l~'i

t e r a t i o n o f Galena i s A n g le s ite , belonging to the Orthorhombic

system o f c r y s ta l l i s a t io n , and o ccu rrin g as g ra n u la t io n to a

more compact form , t h i s i s a su lp h a te o f Lead, when p u re ,

c a rry in g o f Lead Oxide 73.6$ and Sulphur T rio x id e 26 . 4$ . a

v e ry 8 m all amount o f th i s m inera l occurs and cannot com m ercial­

ly be c a l le d an o re o f Mowry. I t i s w e ll to note i t s occur­

ren ce f o r in the g e n ie is o f o re d e p o s itio n the A n g le s ite i s

the f i r s t a l t e r a t i o n p roduct o f the o r ig in a l G alena.

O e ru a s ite , Pb 0 03 , b e lo n in g to the Orthorhombic axk i.t

system o f o ry s ta l i& a tio n when i t o ccu rs as c r y s t a l s they a re

grouped in o lu s t e r s and ag g reg a te ; th e s e , how ever, a re always

a s s o c ia te d w ith th e more compact and m assive form s which oon-

o t i t u t e th e p r in c ip a l o re s , a id , being C arbonates, a re th e more

d e s i r a b le fo r sm e ltin g . These o res a re found in th e upp er

zones and near the Limestone w a lls and in chambers in the

L im estone. They a re the th i r d a l t e r a t i o n and a rc form ed by

the ascend ing w a te rs coming in c o n ta c t w ith the L im estone,

form ing a very b a s ic s o lu t io n which combines w ith the Lead

and p r e c i p i t a t e s th e Lead Carbonates*

n«fii(len th^Ko, t.hftrfl a re o o o u rrin c in pure v a rie tio B

o f o re onoh am, Sandy Oarbonatme which a rc vciy eam ily mined,

a ln o , k very m ilio iouo Carbonate and Lead .S i l ic a te .

WORKINOS.

The ore bodiem a re opened up by d r if tm nnd oro«mcuto

from mix d i f f e r e n t mhaftm, Ho. 4 being the d ee p es t in 500

f e e t ; Horn. 1 and 3 are 400 f e e t deep, No. 2 im 36,? f e e t deep;

No. 5 116 f e e t deep, and No. 6 i s 60 f e e t . The t o t a l amount:

o f work done under ground in development and e x t r a c t io n of

o re s w i l l , approxim ate 15,000 f e e t .

P o rtio n s o f th e ore b o d ies a re worked by a system o f

sq u a re s e ts and 'overhand s to p in g ; o th e r p o r tio n s by method! 'o f oaving and f i l l i n g . 1

Prom S h a f ts Nos. 4 and 3, th e main body* of o re i s

worked. No. 3 s h a f t i s lo c a te d a t the e a s t end o f the ore

body and i s th e eas te rn m o st s h a f t . No. 4 S h aft i s lo c a te d a t

th e n o r th s id e o f th e o re body, and i s the main w orking s h a f t .

T h is o re body shows on a h o r iz o n ta l c ro ss s e c t io n on th e 1501

le v e l an average o f 6 ,190 square f e e t o f o re . This body has

been developed to th e 3001 le v e l and i s th e body o f o re e x i s t ­

in g in the sh ea r zone and in th e f i f l s u re . This body o f ore

i s th e one th a t can be expected to go to g r e a t d ep th .

No. 1 S h a ft i s abou t 350» f e e t w est o f No, 3 S h aft on

th e l i n e o f the g r a n i te c o n ta c t . From No. 1 S h a f t, No, 2

o re le n s e i s worked from the 300» le v e l to the s u r fa c e ,

th e h o r iz o n ta l c ro s s s e c t io n o f which shows about 625 square

f e e t .

No. 2 S haft i s about 185 f e e t west o f No. 1 S h aft

on the same g e n e ra l c o n ta c t p la n e . From No. 2 S haft Ho.

3 ore le n se i s worked and shows in h o r iz o n ta l c ro s s s e c tio n

an average of 225 square f e e t .

! • '

May 14 1907.

| f l § : : E “ " ; ' .::-T' ..:":%0:WYour. committee, appo in ted by th e fa c u lty to auperinuem l uhe

r

:U n iv e rs ity o f A rizona.

‘ MrVj. W. P ro u v ,J r . who has ap p lied f o r th e degree o f

S i^ ^ l^ v i ’i^ ^ S in e e r of Mines wish to make th e fo llo w in g r e p o r t andt e lr eeommen-

i:; ■■:.> ■ •>>.« *

. . . .

^ hati com pleted the work l a i d ou t by the committee

- ^n< ;"r We re c °m,nen^ th a t he be g ran te d .the de.gre«8. : . 'm R e s p e c tfu lly ,

iiiiifir ;

■*> V

^ ^ | ^ Q a ] j T W : L V d £'-r U V - r d l t i g u M :

.0 • :

■ M t e r '*?' - ^ vhM|iSllSir

»lu- '.'" '3

... . . E • J . ; ur .

Vv1Qm

t ^ B o n ^ i o n y i y 5r e l e a s e ^ i m d e r 'o rd e rs from our War D epartm ent.tv . .

|M ;^ o b n d i t io n a l ly

|!-‘6 3 0 3 7

• ’ ? U 7 .

* i .

. « 4'> * * * .•“•■'» --i* ±i r Dep?

• it.

)i vmhy r, /'-O;• I:. - .. •••'•:.■. ; v f t ,

• - * -

INTRODUCTION.

M r-vSiW o jiicnz h:>c,t:.r

- - .. 7.V .„'i-,.The Mown'’ .Mines a re th e . p ro p e r ty o f th e Mowry Mines

.v; !; ■•;?Company, now in c lu d ed in the - S an ta Crus Mines & Sm elter ,Conpanir»

e afirst.»know n discovery,.w as - made in 1859, thowever i t s e x is te n c e

ti;?^i^.:; ^w asi-.uridoubtedly known b e fo re , f o r sam ples of o re th a t were o b ta in ed' V '

:Z:;^'tv:^;:'pat t h i s tim e were taken, from-, s h a f ts th a t had been sunk many y e a rs1 # # ' ■ • ,

" -fi:;; before . , 4and had been, abandoned. v These o ld s h a f ts must have been

J e s u i t s were th rough th i s S ou th -w estern

f^^^S iS 'oo iin try" a t th e tim e o f , th e e s tab lish m e n t o f o ld M issions such# $ # # , ' /W » :i.^ -S ^aYTumaoaoori = and San X av ier.

ae 'ilv .-.^ fter t h e i r d iscovery" in 1859 they were owned and o p e r-fCWli. .^Lieutenant S y lv e s te r Mowry from 1860 to 1868. S ince

; t h a t AtIme .and u n t i l taken over by. th e Mowry Mines Company, they.......

. ^ ^ i i ^ i h a v e v ia ra o tip a lly rem ained i d l e because o f l i t i g a t i o n and o th e r

tE^F>^fi?i!unavoidable cau ses in co n n ec tio n w ith t h e i r f o r f e i t u r e to th e- " ■ !

^ ;O o v ern m en t on June 8 th , 1862.^2 Sdonomic I l U ' - ' - l V l . y

— ........T his was on a charge o f tre a so n a b le c o m p lic i t ie s w ith

0 | ^ p | g | t h e fsoixth ’d u rin g th e c i v i l war* and , in view o f a c i r c u la r is s u e d ,

' a l l ' iw o p e rty o f enem ies o f th e U n ited S ta te s

‘G enera l W right commanding th e departm ent o f th e::L:v., V.-t»Vv

‘ ''' 1 v ,, '■ ' •• n" vv;\ , _e o t to c o n f is c a t io n . The p ro p e r ty o f Mowry was a lso s e iz e d .

oard o f in v e s t ig a t io n ap p o in ted by G eneral C a rle to n r e p o r t -. .. . - *« •• - '•> .;• la-'. : •••U'.ivj t.or ■' :• . ............................... . ..

|i^dS!S6 r . ' a s ’t h e i r o p in io n ,” th a t he had g iven a id , and com fort to th e

th a t th e r e ’ was m if f io ie n t re a so n to r e s t r a i n him o f h i si L a t ' ' ' ' 1 '

i i t ^ ’ty^tm^L* taping".him to " t r ia l b e fo re a m i l i t a r y com m ission.

P o r t Yuma, C a l i f o rn ia , . • • b-s v- •.

same y e a r , was u n -.1. ■ -

> ' r e l e a s e d^ un i l e r ' o r de r s from our War D epartm ent.:eVi'ly.Vpjjv V'.-f l/'A -2: y-r-..i. • •"* v 7, x :

••. ■■ 'i .r-1,

i 13 Z-:

Smelter a t E l Paso, Texas. This b u llio n having been produced % -

from' a L ead-S ilver b la s t furnace which now reduces a l l the f i r s t

c la s s sm elting ore from the Mine, and a l l . the co n cen tra tes pro­

duced from a 150 ton cap ac ity concen tra ting id. 11.

Mowry expended about $300,000. fo r th e purchase

of the Mine, and e re c tio n of reduction works. Prom h is red u c tio n

works, he produced about $4,500. per week of S ilv e r , being obtained

from the h ig h e s t grades o f ore in the Mine, which, averaged him a t

th a t time from $50* to $350. per ton .

. • GEOGRAPHY & TOPOGRAPHY.

Geography:

The Mowry Mines are lo ca ted on the head w aters of

th e Santa Crus R iv er, on the ea s te rn slope of the Patagonia Range

o f mountains.- I t i s about 14 m iles south-w est from Patagonia

s i tu a te d on the Guayinus Branch of the Southern P a c if ic System

which connects a t Benson, 83 m iles north from Nogales, and about

22 m iles n o r th -e a s t of N ogales, 6 1/3 m iles no rth of the In te rn a tio n a l

boundary l in e , and o f p a r a l le l 31 degrees and 20 m inutes, and 2

m iles west o f m erid ian 110 degrees and 40 minutes w est.

Topography:

The Topography of the d i s t r i c t which has an average

e le v a tio n o f 5500 f e e t above sea le v e l i s m oderately rugged, and

may be sa id to be an id e a l mining camp - and in f a c t could be '-V>V;v. >

c la sse d as a summer r e s o r t — w ith p len ty of w ater and tim ber fo r

mining and g en era l purposes. Within a rad iu s of -four (4 ) m iles , •; ';V:.•••

. . . : t he r e i s an abundant growth o f white oak, b lack oak, ju n ip e r , .e tc .

- -r-; - ‘ ...... - -. —V : J * , -

'.'f; vi":..;.

• ' !. .1 "' #3"H o . 5 S haft la . th e 'ire e te rn m o a t• m haft, and a b o u t;200

f c e t wont o f Ho. 3 . Prom Ho. 5, Ho. 4 o re body in workedsquare

which c iv eo an average o f about BOO^feet in h o r iz o n ta l

c ro s s s e c t io n .

Ho. 6 s h a f t i s under developm ent; c o n s id e ra b le ore has

' a lre a d y been blocked o u t. I t i s s i tu a te d in the g ra n ite

between No. 1 S haft and No. 3 S h a f t.

About 300 g a llo n s of w a te r per m inute i s pimped con­

s ta n t ly from the 400 fo o t, le v e l o f the Mine. A

A ll o f th e ore b o d ies have been f u l l y developed from

th e su rface to the 300* and 400* l e v e l s . the Ho. 1 ore body

i s e l i p t i o a l in h o r iz o n ta l c ro s s s e c t io n and i s d ip p in g a t an

an g le of about 75 degrees n o r th e r ly in to the h i l l , keeping

a very r e g u la r d ip from the su rfa c e to the 400 * le v e l , and

hav ing th e 1 g r a n i te f o r a fo o t w a l l . This i s the most e a s te rn

body o f o re lo c a te d a t th e sh e a r zone.

No. 2 o re body makes from th e No. '1 n ea r the s u r fa c e

d ip p in g w e s te r ly a t an ag g ie o f 5o d eeg rees from the h o r iz o n ta l

a long th e g r a n i te w a ll , and i s developed to th e 3001 l e v e l .

No. 3 ore body o u tc ro p s a t the su rfa c e a t No. 3 S haft

and has a g rad u a l d ip n o rth easte rly tow ards No. 3 le n s e . This

body o f o re i s no t very r e g u la r .

No. 4 o re body o u tc ro p s a t the su rfa c e and d ip s w ith the

g r a n i te w a ll .

CONCLUSIONS.

• /*

:.VvV■ '•:• iv;‘

: • '•

Xn co n c lu s io n , I w ish to nay i t i s im p o rtan t to note the

changes in an a ly se s o f the Lim estone which a rc as fo l lo w s :

At the sh e a r zone, o r p lace o f d isp lacem en t,

I f !

Ca 06Si oPe o -

Loss & H 0

94.36$3.101 .463 .0 3

99.94$

At p o in t about 100 f e e t from above zone,

" -■

ca CO s i o Pe o Al 0

Loss & H 0

91.73$4.00

.451.403 ,43

1 0 0 . 0 0 $

The g r a n i te s a t Mowry in an u n a l te re d co n d itio n

ooneio t o r a l ig h t co lo red O rthoo lase F e ld sp a r , h io t i t e and

Q uartz; thua g iv in g th e rook a l ig h t c o lo r ; however, in d i f ­

f e r e n t p o r tio n s o f th is s e c t io n the F e ld a p a th ic c o n s t i tu e n t

assumes a re d d ish o r f le s h c o lo r appearance. The rook as

a whole i s r a th e r c o a rs e ly c r y s t a l l i n e . Hear the l in e o f

c o n ta c t the g ra n i te has become more or le s s decomposed andp o rp h y r i t ic

a l te r e d assuming s t r u c tu r e . The m icas have

become alm ost com plete ly d e s tro y e d , and a lo n g w ith th e deoompo

s i t i o n o f the F e ld sp a rs , g iv e s i t t h i s p o rp h o r i t ic s t r u c tu r e .

The ou tcrop of the g r a n i te a t i t s c o n ta c t w ith th e

sed eraen ta ries i s w e ll d e f in e d . From th i s p o in t so u th e rly

th e g r a n i te o u tc ro p l a very prom inent from some th re e to

f iv e m ile s as w e ll as about a m ile e a s t o f th e v i c in i t y o f

th e Mine. This r e p re s e n ts the l im i t o f e ro s io n in t i l l s

s e c t io n .

Sedemontary S e r ie s :

Q u a r tz i te : The Q u a r tz ite o r f i r s t s e r ie s o f sed eraen taries-------------- I s

which was d e p o s ite d on the g r a n i te ;^ th e lo w est o f th e

P a leo zo ic s e r i e s . The o r ig in a l sandstone hav ing been h ig h ly

metamorphosed by the n o tio n o f f r i c t i o n , and magmatio w a te rs ,

a l t e r i n g th i s sandstone in to a Q u a r tz i te . I t i s very h ard

and com pact. The metamorphic a c t io n has been so g r e a t th a t

a l l f o s s i l s , i f any e x is te d , have been t o t a l l y d e s tro y e d ,

so t h a t , t h i s means o f c l a s s i f i c a t i o n cannot be coun ted on.

T his band o f Q u a r tz i te s t r i k e s through th e coun try

e a s t e r ly and w e s te r ly d ipp ing n o r th e r ly in to the h i l l a t an

ang le o f about 45 d eg rees, w ith the e x c e p tio n , th a t n ea r the

su r fa c e the sandstone ta k e s th e d ip o f the g r a n i te and

conforms w ith i t . The ou tcrop i s e a s i ly reo o g n iz eab le on

• th e s u rfa c e fo r abou t one m ile in le n g th . The thio&nesH o f

t h i s metamorphio band o f sandstone v a r ie s from fo u r to e ig h t

f e e t .

Judge Turner d ir e c te d the Commander o f the F o rt

to in v e s t ig a te the cau se , and r e t a i n o r r e le a s e the p r is o n e r

as m ight appear r i g h t . There being no ev idence b efo re th e

Board, he was r e le a s e d ac c o rd in g ly * the p ro p e r ty , th e re fo r e ,

r e v e r te d back from M il i ta ry to C iv il a u th o r i ty .

During the time o f Mowry's im prisonm ent, the Govern­

ment worked the Mine; t h i s b e in g , I b e l ie v e , an only in s ta n c e

where th e Government o p era ted a Mine.

The p re s e n t t i t l e to the p ro p e r ty has been

ac q u ired by r e lo c a t io n and p u rch ases , and i s now covered by U nited

S ta te d P a te n t c o n s is t in g o f twenty (20) mining c la im s .

E x ten siv e development work has been in p ro g re ss

f o r the p a s t fo u r (4 ) y e a r s , which has c o n s is te d in th e reopen ing

and a c t iv e o p e ra tio n o f m ining . A la rg e amount o f developm ent

work h as been done in opening u p , and the e x t r a c t io n o f th e o re s ;

. i n s t a l l i n g equipm ent f o r ta k in g out the o re s and f o r th e e x t r a c t io n

o f th e v a lu e s th e re in c o n ta in e d , and dem o n stra tin g th e a c tu a l

c o n d itio n s in co n n ec tio n w ith th e p ro p e r ty .

Economic Im portance , e t o : 1

Econom ically th e d e p o s its a re o f com m ercial

im portance , and they a re a ls o im portan t from a m in e ra lo g io a l

and g e o lo g ic a l s ta n d p o in t, b e in g examples o f o re b o d ies e x i s t -

• in g in g r a n i te .- l im e s to n e , c o n ta c t d e p o s i ts , and t r u e f i s s u r e

d e p o s i t s .

A ccording to a u th o r i ty , L ieu ten an t Howry c le a re d ,

ap p ro x im a te ly , One M illio n Two Hundred F i f ty Thousand D o lla rs

(#1 , 250, 0 0 0 .) from o p e ra tio n s a t the Mine. In the 8 0 ‘s

Seventy F ive Thousand D o lla rs ($ 7 5 ,0 0 0 .) was c le a r e d . In th e

l a t e 90*s about E ig h ty Thousand D o lla rs (§ 8 0 ,0 0 0 .) was n e t te d

to th e ow ners. During the o p e ra tio n s o f the p re s e n t Company,

up to th e e a r ly p a r t o f th e y e a r ,1907, some Two M illio n Pounds

o f L ea d -S ilv e r B u llio n h as been produced, b e s id e s , s e v e ra l minor

sh ipm ents o f a very h ig h grade o re to th e Kansas c i ty C o n so lid a ted

/>KK»,0„T

l P A T A O O N IA ,MXPRMMMmw#.#v.f #A K IZO NA

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I

Santa Cruz Mines and Smelter CompanyOHO. FAILOOH, OHHBRAL HAHAOHK

mm •PliT^XORAPII 1 p a TAOO NTA, *HX PKKHH A R IZO N A Santa Cmz Mines and Smelter Company

•Santa Cruz Mines and Smelter Company

(3 )

aidfl-.ond ."endlAddiifitfihl o .ro.l-lfl .r* A W1 Iflm v.C nnnantrm tl nipr.P A T A G O N IA .

A R IZO N A

l PA T A G O N IA .

Santa Cruz Mines and Smeller Company

P A T A G O N IA ,

" ' AR,Z°NA

■ I f ''Santa Cruz Mines and Smelter Company

OHO. FALLOOH, GENERAL MANAGER

t / i N w w I fO R K O f p i o e s if*’* f •- '..- • ,y i ' W a u l S t r id id t Exon a n o id B u i l d i n g

- „ j 4 43 EXCHANGE PEACE

Mowry, S anta Oruz Go., Ariz.,

(G)

.V •

I fSitJ !» : ;i5

•i !

,1

l l fv : .; ' ' /• :

1sir■-ms

each o f whioh hao i t s r e s p e c t iv e Foreman, th e d iv is io n being

as fo llo w s :

Mining

M illin g

Sm elting .

M echanical

O ffic e

E ng ineering & Chemical

Commercial Force!

R a ilro ad

Each Department r e p o r t in g d i r e c t to the Management.

R eports in d e t a i l a re re c e iv e d from each Departm ent

every day so th a t the Management w i l l know what each days

work acco m p lish es .

2 .

3 .

4 . "

5 .

6 .

7 .

8 .

i t i i S S : ' ; '

1: !>“•'

R e sp e c tfu lly Subm itted :

Jn o . W. F ro n t, J r .

Sili

A fter r id in g put about th ree (3 ) m iles on the road to Howry*

one encounters immense flows of e rup tive rocks, from here on the

road follow s a more rugged country of p ic tu resque scenery . On

leav ing Harshaw which i s about e ig h t (8 ) miles from Patagonia,

the wagon road i s cu t through a promontory of b lack g ra n ite , very

compact, and c lo se ly c r y s ta l l in e of L aurentian age; from here

on to the d iv ide going in to Mowry, we have the se d in e n ta r ie s

o f probable Devonian p erio d .

At Howry where the Camp i s lo ca ted , the o lder ro o k s,

the g ra n ite , have been exposed by high e lev a tio n and erosion , extend­

ing from the s i t e o f the p resen t Smelter and M ill so u th e rly fo r

some few m iles towards Washington Camp; e a s te r ly fo r about a m ile ,

and w este rly fo r a l ik e d is ta n c e .

On th i s i r re g u la r mass these sedem entaries r e s t

"and-form the Mowry H i l l . These sedem entaries are of lower

Paleozoic age. The lower p a r t , and re s tin g d i r e c t ly on the g ran-

i t s , i s a Q u artz ite of probable Cambrian p erio d . The Q u artz ite i s

covered by s t r a t a s o f lim estone and sandy lim estone and sand s to n es,

approxim ately , 750 f e e t in th ick n ess . The f i r s t s e r ie s on the

Cambrian Q u artz ite belonging to the S ilu r ia n system ,and the upper

p o r tio n s to the Devonian, which forms the top of Mowry H i l l .

Commencing from the base the lim estones are very pure

and become more s i l i c io u s as one works toward the upper s tra ta s #

Nmw Yo*K Omviom*;EXCHANGE BGILDING

48 EXOBANGE PLACEm SMnrA Oboz Go., Aeiz.._ .4./2G/0V

Profo c . F. dolman. Esq*,

D ept, o f Geology & Mining,

U n iv e rs ity o f A rizona,

Tucson, Aril?.

Dear Sir-*

I hand, you herew ith a very co n c ise s ta tem en t

o f th e work and departm ents I have had charge o f s in c e being

under the employment o f th is Company d u rin g th e p a s t th re e (5 ) ,

y e a r s . I f any more d e t a i l s a re r e q u ir e d , o r an y th in g more

f u l l y d is c u s se d , w i l l g la d ly fu rn is h a d d i t io n s .

T ru s tin g th i s w i l l be s a t i s f a c to r y , I am.

#

/

Hmw YORK O:WALL aPRBXRT EXOnANOZ BCILDINO

43 BXOHANGB PLAOB

WALLOON, GENERAL MANAGER

Mowry, S anta Cruz Co., Ariz.,__________________

Gonoise s ta tem en t o f Work Under S u p erv is io n o f Jn o . W. P ro u t, J r . a t

ffto Howry Mines company and A lto Copper Company#

In J u ly 1904 a f t e r f in is h in g th e y ea r a t th e U n iv e rs ity

as I n s t r u c to r in Chem istry under P ro fe s s o r G u ild , I went a t

once to th e Howry Mines as S u p erin ten d en t under Mr. C u r t is ,

where I have"been s in c e th a t d a te and am now a c t in g i n th e

c a p a c ity o f A s s is ta n t G eneral Manager, and one o f th re e o f

O pera ting Committee, o f th e Santa Cruz Mines & sm e lte r Com­

pany, a C o rp o ra tio n e x is t in g under th e laws o f A rizona and

com prising th e * Mowry Mines Company*,"Alto Copper Company",

" J e f fe rs o n Mining Company” , "Santa Cruz R a ilro ad Co",

"Santa Cruz Commercial Company*; the M ining, M illin g & Sm elting

o f a l l o res being under ray d i r e c t su p e rv is io n *

MOWRY MIKES COMPANY*

At the tim e o f my a r r iv a l a t Mowry, the Mine had "about

1 ,000 f e e t o f developm ent work done in r e c e n t y e a rs , a l l

p rev io u s work to th i s hav ing been caved . Up to now we have a

t o t a l o f abou t 15,000 f e e t o f underground w orkings; 3 new

S h a f ts have been opened up and 3 o ld S h a f ts reopened . The

d ee p es t w orkings th a t e x i s t i s 500 F t . a t which dep th th e

v e in has been reen c o u n te red w ith a c ro s s c u t 50 F t . from the

bottom o f the S h a f t .

GEO. FALLOOIl, GBHBRAL

N-w York Omornm, HOWBY, SAHTA CRUZ CO., ARIZ.,__________________WALL 8TREXBT BxOHATfGZ BniLDING

43 EXCHANGE PLACE( 3 )

D uring th i s tim e a l l th e o re "bodies have been under de­

velopm ent and the e x t r a c t io n o f th e i r o res i s now c a r r ie d on

to an e x te n t o f abou t 200 - 250 tons d a i ly .

We have up to th i s y ea r developed and have b locked ou t

about 5 y e a rs o f o re a t th e r a t e o f our p re se n t c a p a c ity and

demands a t the Mowry.

A S i lv e r Lead fu rn a c e , s iz e 3611 x 108", a t th e tu y e re

le v e l was c o n s tru c te d in the summer o f 1905 - type designed

by th e Colorado Iro n Works?

S h aft from fe e d f lo o r to top o f w ate r ja c k e ts 1 1 1 - 8*

13 - 3 tu y e re s - 6 on e i t h e r s id e - 1 in r e a r .

B la s t, fu rn is h e d by one - #5 Connersviklle c y lo id a l Blower -

d e l iv e ry 25 ou. F t . A ir p e r r e v o lu tio n d r iv e n by a 16” x 36”

B ates C o r lis s E ngine.\

C apacity o f fu rn a c e approx im ate ly 100 tons p e r d sy . Up

to S ep t. 1906 only h ig h grade ores,were t r e a te d . The n ec e ssa ry

iro n f lu x e s o b ta in ed from Mine in form o f Manganese I ro nth e

Ore - a s s o c ia te d w ith main ore l e a s e ; and*lim estone q u a r r ie d

from w ith in 200 y a rd s of th e S m elte r. The need o f a M ill to

t r e a t the low g rad e o res was found a d v is a b le ,s o , in the sp r in g

and Summer o f 19t>6 a C o n cen tra tin g M ill was e r e c te d , ta k in g

now on an average o f abou t 150 to n s o f m illin g o re d a i ly .

T his M ill c o n s is t s o f 7 x 10 Blake C ru sh e rs , 1 S e t t

1 6 ” x 36” , 1 S e tt 14" x 30” and 1 S e t t 12” x 20” , c .I .w ,

T ables - 2 Simplex ta b le s o r B a r t l e t t ~ 10 ~ 9» Frue

V anners, n eeessa ry eo reens, e le v a to r s , e t c , * -

The ore i s c ru shed , e le v a te d , and then to trommel -■

s c re e n , o v e rs iz e from th i s sc re en to a b in , sc reened p ro d u ct

goes d i r e c t to a s e r ie s o f S p itz k a s te n s iz in g ta n k s . From th e

b in the o v e rs iz e s a re a u to m a tic a lly fe d to an e le v a to r and r e -

sc reen ed , th e screened p roduct then goes d i r e c t to the S p itzk a e -

te n ta n k s , o v e rs iz e s a re then passed to r o l l s , e t c . u n t i l a l l

th e o re p asse s a 16 mesh sc reen , then a l l goes to th e s iz in g

ta n k , th en d i s t r ib u t e d to 8 W ilfley and 2 Simplex ta b le s ,

a l l the ta b le t a i l i n g s a re passed to the F ive Vanner room

and re e o n o e n tra te d ; ( a l l o f th e m achinery in the M ill i s

d riv en by 2 e n g in e s ) . The c o n c e n tra te s go d i r e c t to b in s a t

S m elter and sm e lted .

One la rg e Company S to re , Boarding House f o r men, Bunk

Houses, D w ellings, e t c . numbering in a l l about .25, which does

no t in c lu d e the numerous homes o f those employed a t the d i f ­

f e r e n t e n te r p r i s e s , have been b u i l t .

Power i s fu rn is h e d brom one b a t te r y o f b o i le r s -

in c lu d in g 4 - 100 H .P . and 2 - 60 H. P . B o i le r s . T his s e r ie s

o f b o i le r s a re ample fo r su p p ly in g steam f o r a l l S m elting ,

M illin g , Mining and Pumping o p e ra t io n s .

A ll n in e d r i l l i n g in done by th e use o f com pressed a i r .

The w a te r from the Mine on th e 400» le v e l i s pumped to

su rfa c e about 200 g a l s , per m inute; t h i s w a te r i s s u f f i c i e n t

f o r a l l req u irem en ts Supplying B o ile r s , Water Ja c k e ts o f

Furnace and C o n cen tra tio n o f o res*

CEO. FALLOON, CENERAL * A * A O * *

- /' ; / . ' -

( MOWRY, SANTA CRUZ GO., AR2Z.,Nzw YORK Omoms*WALL STRBRT EKOHANOR BDILOINO

43 EXCHANGE PLACE

W A L L S r R B iz r r B x o m A N o m B r r iL D iN O

43 EXCHANGE PLACE

O B * . * * # » : . * * : * ,

Mo wry, S ahta Cruz Co., Ariz.,.

(5 )

bein£r in a l l about 5 main v e in s , p o r tio n s o f which c a rry

h i2 h copper v a lu e s , and o th e r p o r t io n s the o re s a re g a le n a s .

At p re se n t no t m o h work i s b e in g done on th e

J e f f e r s o n and no th ing m ch w i l l be accom plished th e re u n t i l

th e R a ilro a d , which i s now under c o n s tru c tio n , i s b u i l t .

The proposed R a ilro ad w i l l be, ap p ro x im ate ly , 30 m iles

lo n g .

A ll of the above work has been done during th e time I

have been a t Mowry s in ce J u ly 1904. AX c o n s tru c tio n work

o f S m elte r, M ill, e t c . was done under my s u p e rv is io n .

The S m elter has been o p e ra tin g s in c e November 1905.

A ll o f the m e ta l lu rg ic a l work fo r i t has been done by m yself,

and I a lso d i r e c te d the o p e ra tio n o f same.

During th i s tim e i t has tu rn ed out c o n s id e ra b le over

2 ,000 ,000 lb s . o f le a d .

Up to the m iddle o f l a s t y ea r a l l the en g in ee rin g

work was done by m yself - such as su rveys o f underground work­

in g s - preliminary fo r R a ilro a d , e t c . - a l l chem ical work.

A fte r th a t tim e o th e r d u t ie s were g iven me so th a t a l l

such work i s done by o th e rs a t p re s e n t , v i a : M essrs. Osborne

and Calderwood fo rm erly of the U n iv e rs ity o f A rizona.

E very th ing i s s y s te m a tic a l ly d iv id ed in to d ep artm en ts .

;9 0'{/ - - f !

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T%LmemAjpM;mxprknh PATA*OMIA.jLRimow

Smeliev Company

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TRLmORAPMZXPRKSMPHRIGRTPATAGONIA,

ARIZONA

IN"JEW YORK OPPIOES;W A L L S T R B B X T Z b C O N A N O g B U I L D I N G

48 BXCHANGB BLAOE3

CEO. FALLOOH, CEHERAL MABIAQER

Mowry , S ahta Cruz Co., A riz.,

( 0 )

/t"

■

eaoh o f which has i t s r e s p e c t iv e Foreman, th e d iv is io n being

a s fo llo w s:ml

U Mining

2 . M illin g

S. sm elting

4 . M echanical

5 . O ffic e

6 . E ng ineering & Chemical

7 . Commercial Force

8 . R a ilro ad

.V

J

§aoh Department reporting d i r e c t to the Management*

R eports in d e t a i l a re re c e iv e d from each Department

ev ery day so th a t the Management w i l l know what eaoh days

work acco m p lish es .

R e sp e c tfu lly S ubm itted :

Jn o . w. P ro u t, J r*

Untumittg of Arlwma ^rlfdal of Sutes

*.*.*«*&peofteew of #lmee#l@S* an* anslftlca# Cbemiatet

@orso#. Art**#*

May 14 ibO?.

D r .K .C .B a b co c k ' ,

U n i v e r s i t y o f A r i z o n a .

Deai’ S i r : -

Your co iw ri i t tee a p p o i n t e d by t h e f a c u l t y t o s u p e r i n v e n d v h e

work o f Mr. J . W. P r o u t , J r . who h a s a p p l i e d f o r t h e d e c r e e o f

Engineer* o f M in es w i s h to make t h e f o l l o w i n g r e p o r t and recommen-

d a t i o n : -

My P r o u t has c o m p l e t e d vhe work r a i d o u t by vhe c o m m itv ee

ana we recommend tha.u h e be g r a n v o d the d e g r e e .

"THE SILVER-LEAD DEPOSITS OF THE MOWBY MINE*

MOWRY, SANTA CRU? 0 0 . , ARIZ.

INTRODUCTION.

H is to ry :

The Mown'' Mines a re th e p ro p e r ty o f th e Mowry Mines

Company now in c lu d ed in the S an ta Oru% Mines & sm e lte r Company.

The f i r s t kno’.m d isco v ery was made in 1859, however i t s e x is te n c e

was undoub ted ly known b e fo re , f o r sam ples of o re * th a t wore o b ta in ed

a t t h i s tim e were taken from s h a f ts th a t had been sunk many y e a rs

b e fo re , and had been abandoned* These o ld s h a f t s must have been

sunk during the tim e the J e s u i t s were th rough t h i s S ou th -w estern

co u n try a t th e tim e o f th e e s ta b lish m e n t of o ld M issions such

as Tumaoaoori and San X av ie r.

A fte r th e i r d isc o v e ry in 1859 they were owned and oper­

a te d by L ieu ten an t S y lv e s te r Mowry from 1860 to 1862. S ince

th a t tim e and u n t i l taken over by th e Mowry Mines Company, they

have p r a c t i c a l l y rem ained i d l e because o f l i t i g a t i o n and o th e r

u n av o id ab le cau ses in co n n ec tio n w ith t h e i r f o r f e i t u r e to th e

Government on June 8 th , 1868.

T his was on a ch a rg e o f tre a s o n a b le c o m p lic i t ie s w ith

the sou th d u rin g the c i v i l war* and , in view o f a c i r c u la r is s u e d ,

by B rig a d ie r G eneral f r i g h t commanding th e departm ent o f th e

P a c i f i c , d e c la r in g a l l p ro p e r ty o f enem ies o f th e U nited S ta te s

s u b je c t to c o n f is c a t io n . The p ro p e r ty o f Mowry was a lso s e iz e d ,

and a board o f in v e s t ig a t io n ap p o in ted by G eneral O arle to n r e p o r t ­

ed i t , a s t h e i r o p in io n , th a t he had g iven a id , and com fort to the

enemy and th a t th e re was s u f f i c i e n t re a so n to r e s t r a i n him o f h i s

l i b e r t y , and b rin g him to t r i a l b e fo re a m i l i t a r y commission*

Mowry was then co n fin e d Ju ly 2nd a t F o r t Yuma, C a l i f o rn ia

aw a itin g t r i a l ; b u t on November 4 th , o f th e same y e a r , was un­

c o n d i t io n a l ly r e le a s e d , u n d er o rd e rs from our War D epartm ent.

6 3 0 3 7

"THE SILVER-LEAD DEPOSITS OF THE MOWRY MIKE8

MO WRY, SANTA CRUt'OO.,' ARIZ,

INTRODUCTION.

H is to ry :

The Mowry Mines a re th e p ro p e r ty o f th e Mowry Mines

Company now in c lu d ed in th e S an ta Cruz Mines & sm e lte r Company.

The f i r s t knorm d isco v ery was made in 1859, however i t s e x is te n c e

was undoub ted ly known b e fo re , f o r sam ples o f o re * th a t were o b ta in ed

a t t h i s tim e were taken from s h a f ts th a t had been sunk many y e a rs

b e fo re , and had been abandoned. These o ld s h a f t s m s t have been

sunk during the tim e the J e s u i t s were th rough t h i s S o u th -w estern

co u n try a t th e tim e of th e e s ta b lish m e n t of olA M issions such

as Tumaoaoori and San Xavier.

A fte r th e i r d isc o v e ry in 1859 they were owned and oper­

a te d by L ieu ten an t S y lv e s te r Mowry from 1860 to 1868. S ince

th a t tim e and u n t i l taken o v er by the Mowry Mines Company, they

have p r a c t i c a l l y rem ained i d l e because o f l i t i g a t i o n and o th e r

u n av o id ab le cau ses in co n n ec tio n w ith t h e i r f o r f e i t u r e to th e

Government on June 8 th , 1868.

T his was on a ch a rg e o f tre a s o n a b le c o m p lic i t ie s w ith

the sou th d u rin g the c i v i l war# and , in view o f a c i r c u la r is s u e d ,

by B r ig a d ie r G eneral W right commanding th e departm ent o f th e

P a c i f i c , d e c la r in g a l l p ro p e r ty of enem ies o f th e U n ited S ta te s

s u b je c t to c o n f is c a t io n . The p ro p e r ty o f Mowry was a lso s e iz e d ,

and a board o f in v e s t ig a t io n ap p o in ted by G eneral C a rle to n r e p o r t ­

ed i t , a s t h e i r o p in io n , th a t he had g iven a id , and com fort to the

enemy and th a t th e re was s u f f i c i e n t re a so n to r e s t r a i n him o f h i s

l i b e r t y , and b rin g him to t r i a l b e fo re a m i l i t a r y com m ission.

Mowry was then co n fin e d Ju ly 8nd a t F o r t Yuma, C a l i f o rn ia

aw a itin g t r i a l ; b u t on November 4 th , o f th e same y e a r , was un­

c o n d i t io n a l ly r e le a s e d , u n d er o rd e rs from our War D epartm ent.

6 3 0 3 7

sheet Ho. 2 *

Judge Turner d i r e c te d th e commander o f th e P o rt

to in v e s t ig a te th e cau se , and r e t a i n o r r e l e a s e the p r is o n e r

as m ight appear r i g h t . There being no ev id en ce b e fo re th e

Board, he was r e le a s e d a c c o rd in g ly j th e p ro p e r ty , th e re fo re #

r e v e r te d back from M il i ta ry to C iv il a u th o r i ty .

During th e tim e o f Mowry»s im prisonm ent, th e Govern­

ment worked the Mine; t h i s b e in g , I b e l ie v e , an only in s ta n c e

where th e Government o p e ra ted a Mine.

The p re s e n t t i t l e to th e p ro p e r ty has been

ac q u ired by r e lo c a t io n and p u rch ase s , and i s now covered by U nited

S tate® P a te n t c o n s is t in g o f tw enty ( 2 0 ) m ining c la im s .

E x ten s iv e developm ent work h as been in p ro g re ss

f o r the p a s t fo u r (4 ) y ea rs# which has c o n s is te d in th e reo p en in g

and a c t iv e o p e ra tio n o f m in ing . A la rg e amount o f developm ent

work has been done in opening u p , and th e e x t r a c t io n o f th e o re s ;

i n s t a l l i n g equipm ent f o r ta k in g out th e o re s and f o r th e e x t r a c t io n

o f th e v a lu e s th e r e in ocm tained* and d em o n stra tin g th e a c tu a l

c o n d itio n s in co n n ec tio n w ith th e p ro p e r ty .

Eoonomio Im p o rtan ce , e t c :

E conom ically th e d e p o s its a re o f com m ercial

im p o rtan ce , and they a re a ls o im p o rtan t from a m in e ra lo g io a l

and g e o lo g ic a l s ta n d p o in t , b e in g examples o f o re b o d ie s e x i s t ­

in g in g r a n i te .- l im e s to n e , c o n ta c t d e p o s i t s , and t r u e f i s s u r e

d e p o s i t s .

A ccording to a u th o r i ty , L ie u te n a n t Mowry c le a re d ,

approxim ately# One M illio n Two Hundred F i f t y Thousand D o lla rs

C$1, 250, o o o .) from o p e ra tio n s a t th e Mine. In th e 8 0 ‘s

Seventy F ive Thousand D o lla rs ( $ 7 5 ,0 0 0 .) was c le a r e d . In th e

l a t e 90*s about E ig h ty Thousand D o lla rs ($ 8 0 ,0 0 0 .) was n e t te d

to th e ow ners. During th e o p e ra tio n s o f th e p re s e n t Company,

up to th e e a r ly p a r t o f th e y e a r ,1907, some Two M illio n Pounds

o f L e a d -S ilv e r B u llio n h as been p roduced , b e s id e s , s e v e ra l minor

sh ipm ents o f a very h ig h g rade o re to th e Kansas C ity C o n so lid a ted

A fte r r id in g pu t abou t th re e (3 ) m ile s on th e ro ad to Mowry,

one en co u n te re immense flow s o f e ru p tiv e ro o k s , from h e re on th e

ro a d fo llo w s a more rugged co u n try o f p ic tu re s q u e sc e n e ry . On

le a v in g Harshaw which i s abou t e ig h t (8 ) m ile s from P a ta g o n ia ,

th e wagon ro a d i s o u t th rough a p ro ra in to ry o f b la c k g r a n i te , v ery

com pact, and c lo s e ly c r y s t a l l i n e o f L a u re n tia n age; from h e re

on to th e d iv id e go ing in to Mowry, we have th e s e d e n e n ta r ie s

o f p ro b ab le Devonian p e r io d .

At Mowry where th e Camp i s lo c a te d , th e o ld e r ro o k s ,

th e g r a n i t e , have been exposed by h ig h e le v a t io n and e ro s io n , ex ten d ­

in g from the s i t e o f th e p re s e n t S m elter and M ill s o u th e r ly f o r

some few m ile s tow ards W ashington Camp; e a s te r ly f o r about a m ile ,

and w e s te r ly f o r a l i k e d is ta n c e .

On t h i s I r r e g u la r mass th e se sed em en ta rie s r e s t

and form the Mowry H i l l . These s e d e n e n ta r ie s are o f low er

P a leo zo ic ag e . The lower p a r t , and r e s t i n g d i r e c t l y on th e g ran ­

i t e , i s a q u a r tz i t e o f p ro b ab le Cambrian p e r io d . The Q u a r tz i te i s

co v ered by s t r a t a s o f lim es to n e and sandy lim esto n e and sand s to n e s ,

ap p ro x im a te ly , 750 f e e t in th ic k n e s s . The f i r s t s e r ie s on th e

Cambrian Q u a r tz i te be long ing to th e S i lu r ia n system ,and th e upper

p o r t io n s to th e Devonian, which form s th e top of Mowry H i l l .

Commencing from th e base th e lim e s to n e s a re v ery pure

and become more s i l i c i o u s as one works tow ard th e upper s t r a t a s .

G ra n ite :

The o ld e r g r a n i te s , a s a lre a d y spoken o f , as e x is t in g

a lo n g th e road n ea r Harshaw some fo u r or f iv e m ile s from Mowry, a re

c lo s e ly c r y s t a l l i n e and com pact, and a re commonly term ed as b lack

g r a n i t e . They a re an o ld e r rock than th e l i g h t c o lo re d g r a n i te s

th a t e x i s t a t Mine, and, as e le v a t io n shows, they a re s e v e ra l hun­

d re d f e e t below the fo rm a tio n a t Mowry.

Smelter a t E l Paso, T exas. T h is b u l l io n hav ing been produced from a L e a d -S ilv e r b l a s t fu rn a ce which now red u ces a l l the f i r s t

c la s s sm e ltin g o re from the Mine, and a l l . th e c o n c e n tra te s pro­

duced from a 150 to n c a p a c ity c o n c e n tra t in g m i l l ,

Mowry expended about $200 ,000 , f o r th e purchase

o f th e Mine, and e re c t io n o f r e d u c tio n w orks. From h is re d u c t io n

w orks, he produced abou t $4 ,500 . p e r week o f S i lv e r , b e ing o b ta in ed

from th e h ig h e s t g rad es o f o re in the Mine, w hich , averaged him a t

t h a t tim e from #50* to #350. p e r to n .

GEOGRAPHY & TOPOGRAPHY.

Geography:

The Mowry Mines a re lo c a te d on the head w a te rs o f

th e Santa Cruz R iv e r , on th e e a s te rn s lo p e o f th e P a tag o n ia Range

o f m ountains.- I t i s about 14 m ile s so u th -w est from P a tag o n ia

s i t u a t e d on th e Guayraus Branch o f th e Southern P a c i f ic System

which co n n ec ts a t Benson, 83 m ile s n o r th from N ogales, and about

22 m ile s n o r th - e a s t o f N ogales, 6 1 /2 m ile s n o r th o f th e I n te r n a t io n a l

boundary l in e , and o f p a r a l l e l 31 deg rees and 20 m in u te s , and 2

m ile s w est o f m e rid ian 110 d eg rees and 40 m inutes w e s t .

Topography:

The Topography of th e d i s t r i c t which has an average

e le v a t io n o f 5500 f e e t above sea le v e l i s m odera te ly rugged , and

may be s a id to be an id e a l m ining camp - and in f a c t cou ld be

c la s s e d as a summer r e s o r t - w ith p le n ty o f w a te r and tim ber f o r

m ining and g e n e ra l p u rp o se s . W ith in a r a d iu s o f fo u r (4 ) m ile s ,

th e r e i s an abundant grow th o f w h ite oak, b lack oak, ju n ip e r , e t c .

The r a i l r o a d survey shows an average g rad e o f two p e r c e n t ; th e

maximum b eing fo u r p e r c e n t .

GENERAL GEOLOGY.

At P a tag o n ia we a re on th e a l l u v i a l d e p o s i ts .

feet.

The g r a n i te s a t Mowry in an u n a l te r e d c o n d itio n

c o n s is t o f a l i g h t co lo re d o r th o c la s e F e ld sp a r , h i o t i t e and

Q uartz ; th u s g iv in g th e rook a l i s h t c o lo r ; however, in d i f ­

f e r e n t p o r tio n s o f th is s e c t io n th e F e ld sp a th io c o n s t i tu e n t

assumes a re d d is h o r f l e s h c o lo r ap p earan ce . The rook as

a whole i s r a th e r c o a rs e ly c r y s t a l l i n e . Near th e l in e o f

c o n ta c t th e g r a n i te has become more o r l e s s decomposed andp o rp h y r i t io

a l te r e d assuming s t r u c tu r e . The m icas have

become alm ost com ple te ly d e s tro y e d , and a lo n g w ith th e decompo­

s i t i o n o f the F e ld s p a rs , g iv e s i t t h i s p o rp h o r i t io s t r u c t u r e .

The o u tc ro p o f the g r a n i te a t i t s c o n ta c t w ith th e

sed em en ta ries i s w e ll d e f in e d . From t h i s p o in t so u th e r ly

th e g r a n i te o u tc ro p i s very prom inent from some th re e to

f iv e m ile s as w e ll as about a m ile e a s t o f th e v i c i n i t y o f

th e Mine. This r e p r e s e n ts th e l im i t o f e ro s io n in t h i s

s e c t io n .

Sedem entary S e r i e s :

Q u a r tz i te : The Q u a r tz i te o r f i r s t s e r ie s o f sed em en ta rie sI s

which was d e p o s ite d on the g r a n i te ;^ th e lo w est o f th e

P a le o zo ic s e r i e s . The o r ig in a l san d sto n e hav ing been h ig h ly

metamorphosed by th e a c t io n o f f r i c t i o n , and magmatic w a te rs ,

a l t e r i n g t h i s sandstone in to a Q u a r tz i te . I t i s v e ry h ard

and com pact. The metamorphic a c t io n has been so g r e a t th a t

a l l f o s s i l s , i f any e x is te d , have been t o t a l l y d e s tro y e d ,

so t h a t , t h i s means o f c l a s s i f i c a t i o n cannot be coun ted on.

T his band o f Q u a r tz i te s t r i k e s through th e coun try

e a s t e r ly and w e s te r ly d ip p in g n o r th e r ly in to the h i l l a t an

an g le o f about 45 d eg rees , w ith th e e x c e p tio n , th a t n e a r th e

s u r fa c e the san d sto n e ta k e s th e d ip o f the g r a n i te and

conforms w ith i t . The o u tc ro p i s e a s i ly re o o g n iz e a b le on

' th e s u r fa c e fo r abou t one m ile in le n g th . The thlo&nesm o f

t h i s m etam orphic band o f sandstone v a r ie s from fo u r to e ig h t

feet.

Sheet Ho. 6.

L im estone: The lim e s to n e s which o v e r l ie th e Q u a r tz ! s te and

o r ig in a l ly conform ing w ith i t , and th e nex t in g e o lo g ic a l

o r d e r , c o n s is ts o f th e S i lu r ia n s e r i e s , w hich i s approx im ately

seven hundred and f i f t y f e e t in : .th ic k n e s s , w ith now and

th en a more s i l i o io u s band o f lim e s to n e between pure

s t r a t a # o f L im estone. Above t h i s , and fo rm ing the h ig h e s t

p o r t io n o f the h i l l , e x i s t s the Devonian s e r i e s c o n s is t in g o f

Lim estone and some S an d sto n e . These L im estones and Sandstones

have th e same g e n e ra l s t r i k e and d ip as th e u n d e r ly in g Q uart­

z i t e , w ith the ex c e p tio n of p la c e s o f d isp lacem en t and o f

g r e a te r d is tu rb a n c e s . The metam orphia a c t io n hav ing been so

g r e a t , th e p ro b ab le S i lu r ia n s e r i e s have a lm o st e n t i r e l y been

r © c r y s ta l l i s e d , th e re b y , d e s tro y in g a l l t r a c e s o f an im al l i f e

belonging to t h i s g e o lo g ic a l tim e . However, i n the Devonian

s e r i e s , we have e x i s t in g f o s s i l s o f bo th anim al and v e g e ta b le

l i f e d u rin g t h i s p e r io d o f tim e , th u s , d i s t i n c t l y and unques­

t io n a b ly c l a s s i f y in g t h i s s e r i e s as D evonian.

Sheet Ho. 7.

DYNAMIC GEOLOGY.

U p ti l t in g o f S ed tm e n tg rle s :

We f in d a t Mowry a p e c u l ia r g e o lo g ic a l c o n d i t io n .

The aedem enatries have been t i l t e d from th e i r o r ig in a l

h o r iz o n ta l p o s i t io n by a dynam ical u p l i f t , form ing o r ig in a l ly

an a n t i c l i n a l f o ld , th e nee th e m s lo p e o f th e rem ain ing

uneroded p o r t io n being a t Mowry, th e so u th e rn s l$ p e a t W ashing­

ton Camp and DuQuesne. The c r e s t o f th e f o ld having been

washed and eroded away, form ing th e v a l le y known am Mowry

Wash, le a v in g th e s e d e n e n ta r ie s on th e Mowry H i l l u p t i l t e d a t

an ang le of about 45 d eg ree s from th e h o r iz o n ta l ' w ith a

g e n e ra l d ip to th e n o r th w e s t, a l l th e edges o f th e u p t i l t e d

s t r a t a s b e in g exposed; e x c e p tin g , w here o th e r movements o f

th e c r u s t h as caused o th e r d isp la c e m e n ts . This p rofound

dynam ical e f f e c t was w rought by m ountain making p ro c e s s .

At W ashington and DuQuesne we f in d some o f th e same

g e n e ra l c o n d i t io n , a f fo rd in g a p ro o f o f t h i s g e n e ra l dynamic

u p l i f t , h e r e th e sed em en ta ries d ip in g e n e ra l in the o p p o s ite

d i r e c t io n to those a t Mowry.

As a m a tte r o f s c i e n t i f i c i n t e r e s t , i t would be w e ll

to make a survey co n n ec tin g th e two camps to f in d as n e a r ly

as p o s s ib le th e p ro b ab le a rch th a t e x is te d a t th e tim e o f the

u p l i f t .F is s u re system :

At a p o in t , ap p ro x im a te ly , one hundred f e e t e a s t o f

th e end l in e s o f th e E n te rp r is e and E a s t E x ten sio n C laim s, a

sim ple d isp lacem en t took p la ce whereby the h i l l e a s t o f t h i s

l i n e was fo rc e d by a l a t e r a l p re s s u re s o u th e r ly about f o r ty

f e e t , c au sin g a d i s t i n c t b reak between th e two h i l l s cau s in g

profound f ie e u re in g , which a llow ed th e v o lc a n ic i n j e c t io n to

come f o r th th rough th e g r a n i te aAd thence to the o v e r l in e

se d e m e n ta rie s . The fo rc e o f t h i s in je c t io n was not s tro n g

Sheet No. 8.

enough to make i t s way to the s u r f a c e , h u t in s te a d , a f t e r leav in g

th e g r a n i te f i s s u r e , i t sp read o u t between th e Lim estone and th e

G ran ite form ing a boss o r v o lc a n ic knob which assumes alm ost

th e c o n d itio n o f a la c c o l i te # form ing u n d e rn ea th th e su rfa c e

a huge mass of v o lc a n ic m atte r* The h ig h e s t p o r t io n o f which

so f a r developed in th e Mine I s on th e 250 ‘ l e v e l .

This sh e a r zone, o r c ru sh ed zone , caused by th i s

deplacem ent i s a t n e a r ly r i g h t a n g le s w ith th e g e n e ra l dynam ical

u p l i f t ru n n in g , ap p ro x im ate ly , n o r th -w e s t, and th u s a f fo rd in g

th e making o f fa v o ra b le su rro u n d in g s f o r the d e p o s it io n o f o re

b o d ie s .

The L im estone in the v ic in i t y o f t h i s sh e a r zone

shows a much h ig h e r percentage of Lime (0a 0) than a t p o in ts

removed from t h i s zone, showing, th a t th e re must have been

a d d i t io n s fu rn is h e d to th e Limestone "bp the su p e rh ea ted vapor

from th e m olten magma below .

Also along th e c o n ta c t betw een the G ran ite and th e

Lim estone they a re v e ry much p u re r than a t p o in ts removed from

t h i s d e f in i t e l i n e .

We f in d a ls o a t th e c ru shed zone, o r f i s s u r e , th a t

th e s t r a t a s on th e e a s t h i l l a r e a l l conform able and have a

w e s te r ly c o u rse , w h ile th o se on th e w est h i l l have th e same

cou rse f iv e hundred f e e t w est o f t h i s zone, o r f r a c tu r e , and ,

from th a t p o in t , g ra d u a l ly tu rn in l ik e p o r t io n s o f c o n c e n tr ic: , U .

r in g s a t the d isp lacem en t p la n e .

C ontact Metamorphism:

The c o n ta c t between th e Lim estone and th e G ra n ite

f u rn is h e s u s w ith a m in e ra liz e d zone f o r some tw elve hundred

f e e t in le n g th , w hich, v a r ie s in w id th from a few in c h es to

where le n s e s o f o re have been d e p o s ite d i n th e Lim estone up

to e ig h ty and one hundred and tw enty f iv e f e e t in w id th ; th e se

ex ten d in g from th e g r a n i te w a ll ou t in to th e L im estone.

Sheet No. 9

T his c o n ta c t p lan e h as been h ig h ly metamorphoeed-

f o r i t s e n t i r e d is ta n c e on the p ro p e r ty o f th e Mowry Mines Com­

pany, r e s u l t in g * from th e dynam ical u p l i f t , and by th e h o t

w a te rs which had t h e i r o r ig in a t th e f i s s u r e ,a n d th e su p e rh ea t­

ed vapors from the i n j e c t e d magma below , which on le av in g

t h e i r p p in ts o f o r ig in made th e i r way along t h i s c o n ta c t p lan e

form ing la rg e le n se s o f o re and metaroorphtising to a v e ry h igh

degree ev e ry th in g th a t they came in c o n ta c t w i th . As a lre a d y

m entioned , th e se same a g e n c ie s had t h e i r in f lu e n c e in th e m et-

amorphio a l t e r a t i o n s o f th e Cambrian S andstone, making c u t o f

i t a mass o f Q u a r tz i te .

Dike system :

At th e tim e o f th e in je c t io n o f the m olten m ass,

i t co m p le te ly f i l l e d th e f is s u r e * a n d ,in c o o lin g , c o n tra c te d

le a v in g a sh rin k ag e p la n e between one s id e o f th e d ik e and

th e g r a n i t e . This a llow ed a way f o r magmatic w a te rs , v a p o rs ,

fumes e t c . to .e s c a p e and ascend in th e sh ea r zone form ed.

The co n n ec tio n between th e f a u l t i s d i r e c t ly shown

by developm ent work in th e Mine. D ire c t ly u n d ern ea th t h i s

sh ear zone as v i s i b le on th e su r fa c e th e in t r u s io n of th e

igneous b a s a l t i c mass in to th e sh e a r zone has been developed

below .

On the 4 0 0 ‘ l e v e l , and d i r e c t l y under the sh e a r zone,

we have the d ik e ro o k , o r b a s a l t , in d i r e c t c o n ta c t w ith the

g r a n i t e , o r , r a t h e r , in c o n ta c t w ith a s c h i s t o f th e g r a n i te .

T his s c h i s t was undoub ted ly form ed by th e metamorphism o f th e

g r a n i te w a ll a t th e tim e o f th e b a s a l t i c in t r u s io n . At t h i s

p o in t we f in d th e g r a n i te and d ik e s ta n d in g a t abou t e ig h ty

d eg ree s from th e h o r iz o n ta l a lm ost v e r t i c a l . T h is r e p r e s e n ts

the so u th -w e s te r ly s id e o f th e d ik e . A c ro s s c u t was s t a r t e di-t- ■„ j

through the d ik e b u t a t p re s e n t has no t been f in is h e d ) t h i s i s '

i n a p o r t io n o f th e l a o o o l i t e . However, a t a p o in t n o r th -w e s t

Sheet Ho. 10.o f t h i s , abou t one hundred and f i f t y f e e t , th e d ik e wan c ro s s -

ousted, and, on th e n o r th - e a s te r ly a id e , th e Lim estone was en­

co u n te red ; h e re th e Lim estone was metamorphosed and r e o r y s t a l -

l i z e d in to a m arble o f v ery pure v a r ie ty by th e in f lu e n c e o f

th e Igneous in j e c t io n . We have betw een th e d ik e and th e

metamorphosed lim esto n e a very s i l i o i o u s band which i s p robab ly

the s i l i o a th a t was o r ig in a l ly co n ta in e d in th e lim e s to n e .

The p re s su re e x e r te d by th e d ike m a te r ia l was undoub ted ly v ery

g re a t and would n e c e s s a r i ly have i t s in f lu e n c e i n the t r a n s ­

fo rm a tio n o f th e L im estone, making i t more com pact, and would

cause a r e o r y s t a l l i z a t i o n .

R e la t io n s h ip o f th e F is s u re System , c o n ta c t Metamorphism, Dike system and

U p ti l t in g o f S ed e iaen ta rie s ,

I t would be n a tu r a l to conclude th a t th e g e n e ra l

dynamic u p l i f t and u p t i l t i n g o f the se d fra e n ta r ie s had n o th in g

w hatsoever to do w ith th e o re d e p o s i t io n s , th a t i s , as to th e i r

o r ig in . These c o n d itio n s sim ply made l i k e l y and p ro b ab le

p la c e s f o r th e a c c u m u la t io n o f any m in e ra liz e d w a te rs , and

a llo w in g th e i r m in e ra l c o n s t i tu e n ts to d e p o s it in th e form o f

o r e s , w hich, t h i s c o n ta c t p lan e has done. The r e s u l t o f the

sh e a r zone, o r c ru sh ed zone , was th a t i t caused a p rofound

f i s s u r e which made th e way f o r the e ru p t iv e mass to come f o r th

from d ep th s below; t h i s r e s u l t e d in a llo w in g s o l f a t a r i o w a te rs

to ascend from below, decompose and a l t e r th e s id e s o f th e f i s ­

s u re , c o l l e c t th e m in e ra ls , c a r ry them in s o lu t io n , and on th e i r

r e le a s e d p re s s u re in the u p p e r aenes to d e p o s it t h e i r m in e ra l

c o n s t i tu e n t s , and to p ass on o u t and to i n f i l t r a t e in to the con­

t a c t p lan e e x i s t in g betw een th e g r a n i te and se d e m e n ta r ie s .

Sheet No. 11

ORE DEPOSITS«

F is s u re D e p o s its :

The o re b o d ie s occur in le n s e s in th e f i s s u r e

and in th e c o n ta c t p lan e between th e g r a n i te and sed em en ta rie s .

The ore body in the f i s s u r e i s a le n s e o f o r e ,

o r , r a th e r a chimney, e l i p t i o a l in form or a h o r iz o n ta l c ro s s

s e c t io n v e ry p o in te d a t th e ends about fo u r f e e t w ide, and

w idening tow ards th e m iddle u n t i l a t i t s w id es t i t i s e ig h ty

f iv e to one hundred and tw enty f iv e f e e t*

In t h i s o re body th e K aolin i s a s s o c ia te d w ith th e

o re e x i s t in g on th e s o u th e r ly s id e , or g r a n t ! t e s id e o f th e

le n s e . Next to th e g r a n i te a t the so u th r-eas t p o r t io n o f

th e body th e o re i s accompanied by a decomposed manganese i r o n

d e p o s it - p s ilo m elan e - w ith more o r l e s s o f a p u re r v a r ie ty

p y r o lu e l te , w hich, w ith i t s c o n n e c tio n s , form s about one-

f i f t h o f th e o re body. Here a s s o c ia te d w ith th e manganese we

f in d e x i s t in g our h ig h e s t g rade o f s i l v e r b e a rin g Galena o re s

found in th e Mine. V alues taken from h ere have shown a s h ig h

as 3 ,800 ounces o f S ilv e r p e r to n .

The rem ainder o f the o re body i s made up o f low er

g rad e o re s o f a p ro b ab le secondary d e p o s it io n . These o res a re

m&lnly decomposed C e ru s s i te , e s p e c ia l ly so , in th e o ld w ork ings.

In t h i s same le n se Mowry worked in to th e 6 0 ‘s down to th e 850*

le v e l o f our main w o rk in g s ; in h is o p e ra t io n s , he sim ply mined

in Mexican s ty l e by fo llo w in g th e b e t t e r g rad es o f ore le a v in g

many sm all openings which caused in y e a rs l a t e r the s o l i d p i l l a r s

betw een to decompose. As a r e s u l t , we have a huge mass o f

o x id iz e d decomposed m a te r ia l a l l o f which c a r r ie s enough v a lu e s

f o r u s to mine and go u n d er tre a tm en t f o r th e v a lu e s th e r e in

c o n ta in e d .

Sheet No. 12

We have about one hundred and f i f t y to n s per day

c a p a c ity c o n c e n tra tin g m i l l fo r th e tre a tm e n t o f such o re s .

The c o n c e n tra te s go to th e sm e lte r d i r e c t f o r s m e ltin g .

The G alena being the f i r s t o re d e p o s ite d from ho t

w a te r a c t io n , and being found a t t h i s p o in t o n ly , i s ev idence

of th e o r ig in a l source o f m in e ra l b e a r in g s o lu t io n s . Also

i t s c lo s e a s s o c ia t io n w ith th e manganese body w hich was un­

d o u b ted ly d e p o s ite d from th e se same s o lu t io n * . The h ig h e s t

v a lu e s e x i s t from th e 100• to th e 300* l e v e l , and i s , p o s s ib ly ,

a zone o f en rich m en t. Above the 100* le v e l i s a zone v ery

much o x id iz e d , more th a n a t any o th e r p la c e in th e Mine. And

below t h i s zone o f enrichm ent e x i s t s a zone c a rry in g somewhat

low er v a lu e s , which i s p robab ly due to le a v in g the se d em e n ta rie s ,

v iz : L im estone, and p a s s in g to the p o in t where th e d ike i t s e l f

w i l l e x i s t between g r a n i te w a lls and w i l l th en be below any

l in e s o f o x id iz a t io n . We would th en n e c e s s a r i ly ex p ec t to

f in d r i c h v a lu e s in more c o n c e n tra te d le n s e s . T his zone o f

enrichm ent e x i s t s j u s t above th e to p o f th e l& o o o lith ic igneous

mass and e x a c tly in th e sh e a r zone, so t h a t , the e x is te n c e o f

such an immense d e p o s it i s p robab ly due to th e f a c t t h a t an

e x t r a amount of su p e rh e a te d v apo rs from t h i * la o o o l i th io m ass,

i n co n n ec tio n w ith o th e r magmatic ascend ing w a te rs , d e s tro y e d

th e Lim estone in th e sh e a r zone - which would n a tu r a l ly be

v ery r e a d i ly decomposed - and make a d e p o s it io n o f o r e s .

As i s th e h i s t o r y o f many o f the la r g e mines in th e

South-W est, g re a th d ep th must be a t t a in e d b e fo re th e t ru e v a lu e

o f th e p ro p e r ty i s a s c e r ta in e d . As c o n d itio n s p re s e n t them­

s e lv e s i t i s most c e r t a in ly a d v isa b le f o r t h i s Company to reach

th e dep th o f no t l e s s than 1 ,000 f e e t b e fo re th e t r u e v a lu e o f

th e p ro p e r ty w i l l be known.

th e Q u a r tz i te to a p o in t about 700 f e e t w est from th e sh e a r zone

Sheet No. 13

C ontact D ep o s its :

The c o n ta c t p lan e a f f o rd s a n a tu r a l means o f eg ress

f o r th e acounm ulatlon o f a l l w a te rs from any so u rce , th u s ,

a llo w in g from m in e ra liz e d s o lu t io n s t h e i r c o n te n ts to be de­

p o s i te d in la rg e l e n t i c u l a r o re b o d ie s . The lim es to n es being

more r e a d i ly a c te d on by a c id ic w ate rs would n a tu r a l ly be de­

composed f i r s t le a v in g th e g r a n i te s u n a l te r e d .

The ascend ing m in e ra l b e a rin g w a te rs coming in con­

t a c t w ith th e lim esto n es would d e s tro y them making la rg e

l e n t i c u l a r le n s e s , and, in t h e i r decom position , fo rm ing b a s ic

ca rb o n a te s which would p r e c i p i t a t e th e Lead from s o lu t io n in th e

form o f Lead C arbona tes , o r c e r u e s i te s . These w a te rs coming

from th e f i s s u r e and g e t t in g in c o n ta c t w ith the g r a n i te which

i s no t so e a s i ly decomposed would i n f i l t r a t e along th e c o n ta c t

p lan e between th e g r a n i te and sed em en ta rie s form ing la rg e

le n se s o f o r e .

The f i r s t body o f t h i s c h a ra c te r removed from the

sh e a r zone i s com prised o f C e ru s s ite w ith very l i t t l e o r no

G alena and no Manganese. These o re s av e rag e , ap p ro x im ate ly ,

from 50$ to 60$ Lead, and 50 to 100 Ounces in S i lv e r . T his

ore body w i l l average from , ap p ro x im a te ly , 25 f e e t in w id th to

50 f e e t in le n g th .

The o re o f th e second d e p o s it removed from th e f i s ­

su re i s com prised o f an average g rad e o f a sandy C e ru s s i te ,

commonly term ed “Sand C arbonates? t h i s d e p o s it c a r r i e s a con­

s id e ra b le amount o f S i l i c a a s s o c ia te d w ith th e o re . The

th i r d , and l a s t body o f o re , removed from th e f i s s u r e i s

sim ply a rep lacem en t where the i n f i l t r a t i n g w a te rs have depos­

i t e d more o r l e s s v a lu e s in th e form o f Lead Oxide and

C e ru s s ite in any seams o r c rack s e x i s t in g in th e Q u a r tz i te .

T his h a s , n e c e s s a r i ly , m in e ra liz e d to a c o n s id e ra b le e x te n t

th e Q u a r tz i te to a p o in t about 700 f e e t w est from th e sh ea r zone

Sheet No. 14

t h i s d e p o s it w i l l c a r ry on an average o f abou t 15 to 30$ Lead;

a s n a i l amount o f I ro n , and, ap p ro x im a te ly , 60$ S i l i c a , showing

th a t the w a te rs as they become f u r th e r removed from th e i r

o r ig in a l source become l e s s m in e ra liz e d ,a n d ,b y m etasom atism ,

become very s i l i c i o u s , i n f a c t , so much so , th a t th e r e s u l t in g

p ro d u c t can h a rd ly be mined a t a p r o f i t*

The d e e p e s t o f th e se i n f i l t r a t i o n s a re abou t th re e

hundred f e e t below th e s u r f a c e .

These f a c t s a l l go to show th a t th e magmatio w a te rs

which em anated from th e e ru p tiv e magma, f i l l i n g the f i s s u r e ,

made t h e i r way up th rough th e sh ea r zone which a f fo rd e d a g r e a t

r e c e p ta c le f o r th e a c c u m u la t io n of th e m in e ra l b e a rin g so lu ­

t io n s so th a t they were a b le to d e p o s it t h e i r c o n te n ts , and, in

le av in g t h i s zone, and coming in c o n ta c t w ith th e g r a n i te , would

then fo llo w th i s perm anent w a ll form ing r e g u la r ch an n e ls f o r

th e e g re s s o f th e w a te r s , and any d i s t o r t i o n in t h i s w a l l would

n a tu r a l ly make a d is tu rb a n c e in the o v e r ly in g sed eraen ta ries so

th a t whenever th e w a te rs would meet any such c o n d itio n s th ey

would a c c u m u la te and make a d e p o s it io n o f m in e ra l

The fo llo w in g l i s t oorapriees th e p r in c ip a l m in e ra ls o f

Lead o cc u rrin g in the Mine, and form th e b a s is o f a l l the

w orkable o re s .

G alena» Pb 3, o re i s sometimes c a l le d Lead Glance i s

a M onosulphide b e lo n g in g to the iso m e tr ic system , the c leav ag e

o f whi *.h i s cub ic h ig h ly p e r f e c t . T h e o re t ic a l ly c o n ta in in g

abou t 86.6$ Lead, and the rem aining 1 3 .4 $ Sulphur* The

G alenas o f Mowry c a r ry about 68$ Lead and a re a rg e n t i f e ro u s

w ith v a r ia b le amounts o f s i l v e r averag ing from 100 Ounces to

4.000 Ounces to th e to n w ith b a re ly a t r a c e o f Copper and about

51 .00 in G old. These makes the r i c h e s t o re s th a t come from

th e Mine.

A n g le a ite , Pb S 0%, th e n ex t in o rd e r and the f i r s t a l ­

t e r a t i o n of Galena i s A n g le s ! te , belong ing to the Orthorhom bic

system o f c r y s ta l l i s a t io n , and o c c u rr in g as g ra n u la t io n to a

more compact form , t h i s i s a s u lp h a te o f Lead, when p u re ,

c a rry in g o f Lead Oxide 73 .6$ and Sulphur T rio x id e 2 6 .4 $ . A

v e ry s m a l l amount o f t h i s m in e ra l o ccu rs and cannot com m ercial­

ly be c a l le d an o re o f Mowry. I t i s w e ll to no te i t s occur­

ren ce f o r in th e g e n i s i s o f o re d e p o s it io n the A n g le s ite i s

the f i r s t a l t e r a t i o n p ro d u ct o f th e o r ig in a l Galena*

C o ru s s l te , Pb 0 03 , b e lo n in g to th e O rthorhom bic e x i t*

system o f c r y s ta l l i s a t io n when i t o ccu rs as c r y s t a l s they a re

grouped in c l u s t e r s and ag g reg a te ; th e s e , how ever, a re alw ays

a s s o c ia te d w ith th e more compact and m assive form s which con­

s t i t u t e th e p r in c ip a l o re s , a id , being C arb o n a tes , a re th e more

d e s i r a b le Cor sm e ltin g . These o re s a re found in th e u p p er

zones and near the Lim estone w a lls and in chambers in th e

L im estone. They a re the th i r d a l t e r a t i o n and a re form ed by

th e ascend ing w a te rs coming in c o n ta c t w ith th e L im estone,

form ing a very b a s ic s o lu t io n which combines w ith the Lead

and p r e c i p i t a t e s th e Lead Carbonates*

~siieet KoT T g"*"•* "j;; > j

B esides th e s e , th e re a re o c c u rr in g in pure v a r i e t i e s

o f o re such a s , Sandy C arbonates which a re very e a s i ly rained,

a l s o , a very e i l io io u s Carbonate and Lead S i l i c a t e .

V,'ORKIH(IS.

The ore b o d ie s a re opened up by drifts and c ro s s c u ts

from s ix d i f f e r e n t s h a f t s . Mo. 4 be in g the d e e p e s t i s 500

f e e t ; Nos. 1 and 3 a re 400 f e e t deep . No. 2 i s 363 f e e t deep;

No. 5 116 f e e t deep, and No. 6 i s 60 fe e t* The t o t a l amount

o f xvorK done under ground in developm ent and e x t r a c t io n of

o re s w i l l , approxim ate 15,000 f e e t .

P o r tio n s o f th e ore b o d ie s a re worked by a system o f

sq u a re s e ts and overhand s to p in g ; o th e r p o r tio n s by method

o f cav ing and f i l l i n g .

From S h a f ts Nos. 4 and 3, th e main body o f o re i s

w orked. Ho. 3 s h a f t i s lo c a te d a t th e e a s t end o f th e o re

body and i s th e ea s te rn m o st s h a f t . No. 4 S h aft i s lo c a te d a t

th e n o r th s id e o f th e o re body, and i s the main w orking s h a f t .

T h is o re body shows on a h o r iz o n ta l c ro s s s e c t io n on th e 1 5 0 1

le v e l an a v e ra g e ,o f 6 ,190 square f e e t o f o r e . This body has

been developed to th e 300 * le v e l and i s th e body o f o re e x i s t ­

in g in the sh e a r zone and in th e f i* e u r e . This body o f o re

i s th e one th a t can be ex p ec ted to go to g r e a t d ep th .

No. 1 S h a ft i s abou t 350» f e e t w est o f No, 3 S h a ft on

th e l i n e o f the g r a n i te c o n ta c t . From No. 1 S h a f t , No. 2

o re le n s e i s worked from th e 3 0 0 1 le v e l to th e s u r fa c e , '

th e h o r iz o n ta l c ro s s s e c t io n o f which shows abou t 635 sq u are

f e e t .

No. 2 S h aft i s about 185 f e e t west o f No, 1 S h a ft

on the same g e n e ra l c o n ta c t p la n e . From No. 2 S h aft No.

3 o re le n s e i s worked and shows in h o r iz o n ta l c ro s s s e c t io n

an average o f 225 square f e e t .

u /..... i

!■

I

; Ho. 5 S h a ft i s th e w esternm ost s h a f t , and about 800

f e e t w est o f Ho. 2 . Prom No. 5 , No. 4 o re body i s workedsq u are

which e lv e s an average o f about 6 o o ^ fee t in h o r iz o n ta l

* c ro s s s e c t io n .

No. 6 S h aft i s u n d er developm ent; c o n s id e ra b le o re has

a lre a d y been b locked o u t . I t i s s i t u a t e d in th e g r a n i te

betw een No, 1 S h a ft and No. 3 S h a f t.

About 300 g a l lo n s o f w a te r per m inute i s pumped con­

s t a n t ly from th e 400 f o o t le v e l of th e Mine. *

A ll o f th e o re b o d ie s have been f u l l y developed from

th e su rfa c e to the 300* and 4 0 0 f l e v e l s . the No. 1 o re body

i s e l i p t l o a l In h o r iz o n ta l c ro s s s e c t io n and i s d ip p in g a t an

an g le of about 75 d eg rees n o r th e r ly in to th e h i l l , keep ing

a very r e g u la r d ip from th e su rfa c e to the 400* le v e l , and

hav ing the g r a n i te f o r a fo o t w a l l . T h is i s the most e a s te rn

body o f o re lo c a te d a t th e sh e a r zone.

No. 2 ore body makes from th e No. 1 n ea r the s u r fa c e

d ip p in g w e s te r ly a t an a g g ie o f 5o d eeg rees from the h o r iz o n ta l

a long th e g r a n i te w a ll , and i s developed to th e 300* l e v e l .

No. 3 o re body o u tc ro p s a t th e s u r fa c e a t No. 2 S h aft

and h as a g ra d u a l d ip n o rth ea s te rly tow ards No. 3 le n s e . This

body o f o re i s no t very r e g u la r .

No. 4 o re body o u tc ro p s a t th e su rfa c e and d ip s w ith th e

g r a n i te w a l l .

CONCLUSIONS.

I n c o n c lu s io n , I w ish to say i t i s im p o rtan t to no te th e

changes in a n a ly se s o f the Lim estone which a re as fo l lo w s :

At the sh e a r zone, o r p lace o f d isp lacem en t,

Ca C© — 94 .36$S i 0 ~ 2 .10Pe 0 - 1 .4 6

Loss & H 0 - 2 .0 2

99 .94#

At p o in t about 100 f e e t from above zone.

Ca CO S i o Pc o A1 0

Loss & H 0

4. ?>

91.73#4 .0 0

.4 51 .402 .4 8

100 .00#

T his goes to show th a t as we g e t to p o in ts removed from

th e zone o f f r a c tu r e the S i l io a seems to in c re a s e u n t i l we

f i n d p o r t io n s o f th e Lim estone which a re n e a r ly *50^ S i l i c a .

The Lim estone "being so pure a t t h i s p o in t o f d isp lace m en t,

they n u s t have re c e iv e d a d d i t io n s from th e in t r u s iv e mass

below . I a ls o g iv e below an a n a ly s is o f th e B a sa lt f o r th e

sake o f com parison:

S i o* Al*0nPe oPGa.0 aca oMg o Na*0 K 2.0 Lose

The f u tu r e developm ent o f th e Mine should be to g a in a

dep th o f a t l e a s t 800 f e e t to 1,000 f e e t , and th e n do s y s te m a tic

work. When the o re body i s developed a t suoh a d ep th , and

u n d er c o n d itio n s th a t must e x i s t th e r e , i t sh o u ld have abso­

lu te perm anency. I t i s a q u e s tio n in my mind, as w e ll a s o f

o th e r s , w hether much Lead o re s w i l l e x i s t a t g re a t d ep th ; they

may p o s s ib ly be re p la c e d by some o th e r m e ta l as Copper, Gold,

S i lv e r o r Z in c .

M A P D P TH E/ M Q W R X M IN ES S H O W IN G SHEATH Z O N E A N D O IST^TBUTIO N OP ROCKS Q}

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43 EXOBANGE PLAGE

(4 )

During the tim e I have been a t Mowry, we have opened up

and developed 5 o re b o d ie s , from the su r fa c e down to 300•

and 4001 le v e ls o f th e Mine.

Many g rad es o f o re e x i s t in the Mine from a low grade

m il l in g o re to a very h igh grade sm eltin g o r e .

Most o f the work has been a rran g ed so th a t th e o res

a re taken from th e Mine th rough one main working s h a f t .

T h is s h a f t i s now do ing th e work on th o se o th e rs*

ALTO COPPER COMPANY.

At A lto a g r a v i ty tramway has been c o n s tru c te d on the

m ountain s id e 1300 f e e t in le n g th which ru n s from the face

o f th e m ountain to a p o in t o f a tu n n e l s i t e ; th rough the

tu n n e l and by the tramway a l l th e p roduct from the Mine i s

t r a n s m itte d to th e fo o t o f the m ountain .

Here we have about 5,000 f e e t o f r e c e n t developm ent

work.

We have a Power House which fu rn is h e s oompreased a i r

by a S u ll iv a n A ir Compressor f o r d r i l l i n g p u rp o se s , e t c .

At A lto th e o re s occur in a system o f p a r a l l e l f i s s u r e -

in g . The main tu n n e l i s along one o f the main v e in s o f

le a d s i l v e r o re . Prom th i s the o re s w i l l be s to p e d and a lso

c ro s s c u ts w i l l be run to in t e r s e c t th e o th e r v e in s , th e re