The Secret of Energy Efficient

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DEFINITION OF A GREEN BUILDING

A building that meets codes and saves ENERGY

Source : Architecture 2030

U.S. Energy Consumption by Sector

Source : Architecture 2030

Architecture is the big Consumer

ü PROPER COMMISSIONING

Source : UK Energy Efficiency Best Practice Program Energy Consumption Guide 19: Energy Use in Offices

1ST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICSenergy is neither created nor destroyed

Air conditioning load is due to lighting, equipment, peopleand heat gained through the facade

people

FACADE

equipment

lighting

Sources of Building Heat Load

7.3%5.5%

9.1%

10.9%

21.8%

45.5%

Fan energy

Misc loads

ventilation

Plug load

Lighting

façade

The biggest cost items are typically SUPERSTRUCTURE, FACADES and MEP SERVICES

USELESSGLASS !

J ☺

ü LIMIT THE GLAZING AREA TO 30 35%ü USE HIGH PERFORMANCE GLASS

How efficient is your façade?

OTTVOverall Thermal Transfer Value

WATTS PER M2

OTTV x skin area =

HEAT (Watts)

glass conduction

wall conduction

glasssolar

5%

10% -20%80%

α (1 WWR)Uw + (WWR)Uf + ( x CF x WWR x SC)15 6 194

OTTV Simplified Formula

WALL WINDOW SOLAR GAIN THROUGH GLASS

Orientation of Buildings

α (1 WWR)Uw + (WWR)Uf + ( x CF x WWR x SC)15 6 194

OTTV Simplified Formula

WALL WINDOW SOLAR GAIN THROUGH GLASS

The Window Wall Ratio

Window WallRatio

FacadeArea

WWR - Window / Wall Ratio (%)11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29

OTTV 36 39 44 47 51 55 59 63 67 71

RNC

OTTV vs WWR and SC

Window / Wall Ratio (%)11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29

OTTV 36 39 44 47 51 55 59 63 67 71

Glass Shading Coefficient0.35 0.45 0.55 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95

OTTV 37 42 48 53 55 58 60 63 66 68

Design Assumptions

WWR = 25 %Glazing SC = 0.85Glazing U-Value = 5.7 W/m2 KWall U-Value = 3.2 W/m2 KOTTV = 63 W/m2

Target OTTV2

RNC EE CRITERIA Points

EE1 : Minimum EE PerformanceEE2 : Renewable EnergyEE3 : Advanced EE Performance

based on OTTV + RTTVEE4 : Home Office + ConnectivityEE5 : Sustainable Maintenance

35

10

23

RNC

EE1 : MINIMUM EEPERFORMANCE

INTENT

Establishing minimum EE performance to reduce energy consumption in buildings, thus reducing carbon dioxide emission to the atmosphere.

REQUIREMENT Points

Meet MS 1525:2007 specifications: § OTTV 2

§ RTTV 2

AND§ Roof U values

2K for lightweight roofs2K for heavyweight roofs

3

ROOF WEIGHT GROUPlightweight roof = < 50 kg/m2

heavyweight roof = > 50 kg/m2

RNC

EE3 : ADVANCED EE PERFORMANCE

INTENT

Enhance building to provide thermally comfortable environment to reduce the use of air-conditioning

REQUIREMENT Points

§ OTTV 2, Roof U values 2K (lightwt), 2K (heavywt)

§ OTTV 2, Roof U values2K (lightwt), 2K (heavywt)

§ OTTV 2, Roof U values 2K (lightwt), 2K (heavywt)

§ OTTV 2, Roof U values 2K (lightwt), 2K (heavywt)

§ OTTV 2, Roof U values 2K (lightwt), 2K

(heavywt)

2

4

6

8

10

RNC

EE3 : ADVANCED EE PERFORMANCE

Window / Wall Ratio (%)11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29

OTTV 36 39 44 47 51 55 59 63 67 71

Glass Shading Coefficient0.35 0.45 0.55 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95

OTTV 37 42 48 53 55 58 60 63 66 68

Design to MS 1525:2007

WWR = 25 %Glazing SC = 0.60Glazing U-Value = 5.7 W/m2 KWall U-Value = 3.2 W/m2 KOTTV = 50 W/m2

Target OTTV2 - 2 points2 - 4 points2 - 6 points2 - 8 points2 - 10 points

RNC

EE1 : MINIMUM EE PERFORMANCE

ROOF U VALUE CALCULATIONS

123

4,5

6

123

4

Target Roof U Value2K

RNC

EE3 : ADVANCED EEPERFORMANCE

ROOF U VALUE CALCULATIONS+2

points

+6points

+10 points

+4 points

+8 points

Sound insulation does not work when the air gap is small, say 6 mm

Increase air gap = 20 to 100 mm

DGUdouble glazed unit

COST OF OPERATING AN OFFICE BUILDING

Element RM per m2

Construction Cost

Retrofit of the building - every 10 years

Electricity

Maintenance

Opex (Insurance/rates/ etc)

Salaries

Total

COST OF OPERATING AN OFFICE BUILDING

Element RM per m2

Construction Cost 3,850Retrofit of the building - every 10 years

Electricity

Maintenance

Opex (Insurance/rates/ etc)

Salaries

Total

COST OF OPERATING AN OFFICE BUILDING

Element RM per m2

Construction Cost 3,850Retrofit of the building - every 10 years 550Electricity

Maintenance

Opex (Insurance/rates/ etc)

Salaries

Total

COST OF OPERATING AN OFFICE BUILDING

Element RM per m2

Construction Cost 3,850Retrofit of the building - every 10 years 550Electricity - 250 kwhr/m2-year @ RM 0.39 98Maintenance

Opex (Insurance/rates/ etc)

Salaries

Total

COST OF OPERATING AN OFFICE BUILDING

Element RM per m2

Construction Cost 3,850Retrofit of the building - every 10 years 550Electricity - 250 kwhr/m2-year @ RM 0.39 98Maintenance 75Opex (Insurance/rates/ etc)

Salaries

Total

COST OF OPERATING AN OFFICE BUILDING

Element RM per m2

Construction Cost 3,850Retrofit of the building - every 10 years 550Electricity - 250 kwhr/m2-year @ RM 0.39 98Maintenance 75Opex (Insurance/rates/ etc) 120Salaries

Total

COST OF OPERATING AN OFFICE BUILDING

Element RM per m2

Construction Cost 3,850Retrofit of the building - every 10 years 550Electricity - 250 kwhr/m2-year @ RM 0.39 98Maintenance 75Opex (Insurance/rates/ etc) 120

SalariesAverage salary say RM 3,500 per month

Average salary per annum RM 42,000

Occupancy 1 person per 10 m2

Total

COST OF OPERATING AN OFFICE BUILDING

Element RM per m2

Construction Cost 3,850Retrofit of the building - every 10 years 550Electricity - 250 kwhr/m2-year @ RM 0.39 98Maintenance 75Opex (Insurance/rates/ etc) 120

SalariesAverage salary say RM 3,500 per month

Average salary per annum RM 42,000

Occupancy 1 person per 10 m2

4,200

Total

COST OF OPERATING AN OFFICE BUILDING

Element RM per m2

Construction Cost 3,850Retrofit of the building - every 10 years 550Electricity - 250 kwhr/m2-year @ RM 0.39 98Maintenance 75Opex (Insurance/rates/ etc) 120

SalariesAverage salary say RM 3,500 per month

Average salary per annum RM 42,000

Occupancy 1 person per 10 m2

4,200

Total 8,893

COST OF OPERATING AN OFFICE BUILDING

Element RM per m2

Construction Cost 3,850Retrofit of the building - every 10 years 550Electricity - 250 kwhr/m2-year @ RM 0.39 98Maintenance 75Opex (Insurance/rates/ etc) 120

SalariesAverage salary say RM 3,500 per month

Average salary per annum RM 42,000

Occupancy 1 person per 10 m2

4,200

Total 8,893

Assume inflation at 2.5% per annum

50 YEAR LIFE CYCLE COST OF OFFICE BUILDING

THANK YOU

Fenestra Malaysia Sdn BhdJ-5-12 Solaris Mont Kiara

2 Jalan Solaris50480 Kuala Lumpur

T +603 6205 1288F +603 6205 1289E info@fenestra.com.my