The Royal Regina RiflesLecture #1

• What do you know about your Regiment?• What does it mean to be a Rifle?• Regimental history and lineage of the Royal

Regina Rifles.

The 1st Battalion, The Regina Rifle Regiment, Assault Landing at Courseulles, France, June 1944. Painting by O.N. Fisher, 1950

History and Regimental Knowledge

The Royal Regina Rifles• Introduction

• Why do we study regimental history?

– A common bond– Respect– Recognition and thanks– Link to the present and future

1. What do you know about your Regiment?

1. What was the name of the first military organization formed in the town of Regina?

a. The Regina Volunteer Corps

b. The 28th North West Battalion

c. The Regina Home Guard

d. The 95th Regiment

2. The Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Regina Rifles is?a. Queen Elizabeth II

b. Prime Minister Stephen Harper

c. Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh

d. Her Royal Highness The Princess Royal (Anne)

3. The Regina Rifle Regiment was formed in? a. 1905

b. 1924

c. 1939

d. 1982

4. The cross that makes up the cap badge of the Royal Regina Rifles is known as?

a. A Maltese cross

b. The Cross of St. George

c. A Windsor cross

d. Cross of the Rifles

1. What do you know about your Regiment?

5. Rifle Regiments began as units of?a. sharp-shooters who provided covering screens for line infantryb. woodsmen who fanned out in front of line infantry as skirmishersc. Soldiers that used personal initiative and independent thinking to cause havoc amongst

line infantry by shooting enemy officers and NCOs.d. All of the above.

6. The cap badge you wear today was first issued in _________________. This badge had been changed to indicate the designation of "Royal" which was granted to the Regiment in____________________.

a. 1990 and 1982b. 1991 and 1982c. 1991 and 1981d. 1990 and 1981

7. On June 6th, 1944, the Commanding Officer of the 1st Battalion, Regina Rifle Regiment was? 

a. Lieutenant-Colonel F. M. Mathesonb. Lieutenant-Colonel H. Sharpc. Lieutenant-Colonel A. Rossd. Lieutenant-Colonel D. C. Howat

1. What do you know about your Regiment?

8. Which section of Juno Beach did the Regina Rifle Regiment land on during the Normandy invasion of June 6th, 1944?

a. MIKE GREENb. NAN REDc. NAN WHITEd. NAN GREEN

9.This year marks the _____________ year of the Regimenta.101st

b.102nd

c.103rd

d.104th

10. The Regimental mottoes are:a. “Excitat” and “Celer et Audax”b. “Dulce et Decorum est” and “Excitat”c. “Celer et Audax” and “E pluribus unum”d. “E pluribus unum” and “A Mari Usque Ad Mare”

How did you score?• Score of 1-2 correct – The Navy called

and they want you back.• Score of 3-4 correct – Stop eating out of

old aluminum ration containers.• Score 5-6 correct – Keep moving

forward!!• Score 7-8 correct – You have earned a

nod of acknowledgement.• Score 9 correct – You have

demonstrated personal initiative.• Score 10 correct – UP THE JOHNS!!

2. What does it mean to be a Rifle?

Old Rifle Brigade Song

Oh! Colonel Coote Manningham, he was the man, for he invented a capital plan, he raised a Corps of Riflemen to fight for England’s Glory!

He dressed them all in jackets of green and placed them where they couldn’t be seen and sent them in front, an invisible screen to fight for England’s Glory!

Coote Manningham (c.1765-1809) was a British army officer who played a significant role in the creation and early development of the 95th Rifles.

Origin of the Royal Regina Rifles• The Royal Regina Rifles can trace it’s origins,

customs and traditions to the King’s Royal Rifle Corps and the original Rifle Brigades of Great Britain.

• General James Wolfe gave the Regiment it’s motto – Celer et Audax (Swift and Bold) after defeating the French on July 31st, 1759.

• The British Army was reorganized in 1958 and the King’s Royal Rifle Corps became part of the Green Jacket brigade which in turn became the Royal Green Jackets.

• Most Commonwealth Regiments have “allied” or “parent” regiments.

• The Royal Regina Rifles looked to the 2nd Battalion of the Royal Green Jackets as it’s allied regiment.

• The 2nd Battalion Royal Green Jackets became the 1st Battalion in 1992.

• By the end of 2007, several regiments including the Royal Green Jackets became part of a large regiment called The Rifles.

• The 2nd battalion (later the 1st) Royal Green Jackets is today known as the 2nd Battalion, The Rifles.

What is a Rifle Regiment?• Rifle Regiments began as units of

woodsmen who fanned out in front of line infantry as skirmishers.

• From these beginnings, Riflemen became known as soldiers that used personal initiative and independent thinking skills.

• Riflemen caused havoc in the ranks of on-coming enemy by accurately shooting their officers and other leaders.

• Very early on, the Rifles adopted a green uniform to aid in concealment.

• The black buttons, rank badges, belts, gloves and cross belts worn by the Rifles today reflect the notion of concealment and camouflage.

• As the Rifles were mostly used as a covering screen of sharpshooters they did not share the same customs, drill and dress as regular line infantry.

• In the original Rifle Brigades, soldiers were treated as human beings, who could be trained to use their individual initiative, to be self-reliant and to improve themselves, given the opportunity.

Thomas Plunket(t) (died in 1851 or 1852) was an Irish soldier in the British 95th (Experimental Corps) Rifles. Plunket shot the French Général de Brigade Auguste-Marie-François Colbertat a range of between 200 and 600 metres using a Baker rifle.

What is a Rifle Regiment?• Harsh and brutal punishment was

abandoned. Discipline was firm and aimed at preventing rather than discouraging crime.

• Whenever possible orders were clear and explained to their recipients as opposed to a demand for blind obedience. Realistic training for war rather than ceremony was the practice.

• Constant alertness and readiness for action were emphasized. Marksmanship was stressed and practised, with all movement covered by effective fire.

• Field drills were practised first in close order on the parade ground and then in extended order directed by bugle-horn and whistle.

• The men were trained to march freely and easily to obtain maximum speed with minimum fatigue.

60th and 95th Riflemen by C. Hamilton Smith

What is a Rifle Regiment?• The “Rifles” used the slower-loading but more accurate Baker rifle,

wore dark green jackets, close fitting breeches called pantaloons and as well wore black belts and facings. The Baker rifle was smaller than the musket, so the Rifles were issued with a 21-inch sword-bayonet. This is referred to as a “sword” not a bayonet and traditionally is not fixed unless needed on the battlefield.

• Rifle Regiments do not carry or parade with colours. The colours of a Rifle Regiment are on their cap and cross belt badges and later on their drums. Drums originally had no place in a Rifle Regiment. As a Rifleman, you salute your colours whenever you salute an officer or stand to attention for an NCO.

Fording the Alma, September 1854 by Louis A Johns.

Showing 2nd Bn. Rifle Brigade leading the Light Division across the River Alma

during the Crimean War.Courtesy RGJ Museum

What is a Rifle Regiment?• The drill movements of Rifle Regiments recognized the original

respect for the individual soldier and his individuality.   Long pauses, exaggerated movements, stamping of feet, and aggressive handling of weapons common to line regiment drill seemed contrary to the quiet, professional nature of the Riflemen, who prized their weapons, and were used to operating quietly when in the field.

• As mentioned earlier, the traditional role of Rifle Regiments was that of skirmisher and sharpshooter. That is to say, motivated individuals who fanned out in front of the line infantry to create chaos in the ranks of the enemy by shooting their officers and NCO’s. This role required Riflemen to march fast, and occasionally at the double time.   The Rifle Regiment's pace at the quick march is 140 paces per minute. Line infantry march at 120 and Highland units at 112. For ceremonial march pasts, Rifle Regiments actually march in both quick and double time (180 beats per minute).

Regimental Marches of the Royal Regina Rifles-Quick March – 140 paces per minute – “Lutzow’s Wild Hunt”

-Double Past – 180 paces per minute – “Keel Row”

3. Regimental history and lineage of the Royal Regina

Rifles

The 95th Regiment • The 95th Regiment was organized by General Order on April

2nd, 1907.

• This Regiment was the original militia unit from which all militia infantry units in the province of Saskatchewan trace their origins.

• Companies in Moose Jaw (A and B), Regina (C and D),

Wolseley (E), Saskatoon (F) and Prince Albert (G and H).

• The Regimental HQ was located in Regina and was later moved to Saskatoon.

• The first chaplain was Canon G.C. Hill, of St. Paul’s Anglican Cathedral, Regina—the regiment’s spiritual home.

• The Regimental motto of the 95th is Excitat – I urge. This motto was that of the Ford family. Major Frank Ford was the first Commanding Officer of the 95th.

The 95th Saskatchewan Rifles• The 95th Regiment was redesignated the 95th Saskatchewan Rifles

on June 1st, 1909.

• In 1909-10, the 95th Saskatchewan Rifles paraded regularly at Broad Street Park and the Exhibition Grounds with 123 all ranks.

• Regimental HQ was in the old post office building downtown on Scarth and 12th Street.

• On April 1, 1912, the 95th Saskatchewan Rifles was again reorganized, this time into two regiments.

• All the companies in the south of the province (HQ, C, D, E Coys/Pipes and Drums - Regina) remained in the 95th Regiment.

• All the northern companies were organized into a new unit, the 105th Regiment (later 105th Fusiliers - Saskatoon).

• The 95th was first called to active duty in aid to civil power on June 30th, 1912 when part of Regina was devastated by a cyclone.

• The regiment patrolled the streets guarding against looting and fires.

• In September of 1913, the 95th Regiment was once again re-designated the 95th Saskatchewan Rifles.

Cap badge, the 95th Saskatchewan Rifles

The 28th (Northwest) Battalion, Canadian Expeditionary Force

(CEF)• With the outbreak of war in 1914, Saskatchewan and Regina, like the rest of Canada mobilized. The 95th Saskatchewan Rifles were mobilized for home service.

• By August, 1914, the 95th Saskatchewan Rifles established recruiting centre's throughout Regina and was actively recruiting officers and men for the 95th’s contribution to the 1st Canadian Contingent (CEF).

• The 1st Canadian Contingent sailed for England in October of 1914.• Shortly after the 1st contingent left, orders were given to form a 2nd

contingent.• On October 12th, 1914, authorization was given to form the 28th

(North West) Infantry Battalion, CEF as part of the 6th Brigade.• The 6th Brigade was concentrated in Winnipeg and at the time the

28th consisted of 35 officers and 1,100 men.• “B” Company of the 28th came from the 95th Saskatchewan Rifles.• The 1st parade of the 28th was held on Nov. 1st, 1914 on the floor of

the horse show building.• Many of the soldiers from Regina wore their rifle tunics of dark

green. The Saskatoon men from the Fusiliers wore their scarlet tunics with blue trousers.

• Most on parade wore civilian clothing and had little training.

The 28th (Northwest) Battalion, Canadian Expeditionary Force

(CEF)• The Winnipeg horse show building proved to be very poor accommodations with many illnesses and several deaths attributed to the cold, drafty, leaky, poorly ventilated building.

• The 28th sailed for England in late May of 1915 and landed in Plymouth on June 10th.

• The 28th trained hard from July – Sept. of 1915, was given a final inspection by King George V and left for France on Sept. 17th, 1915.

• On Sept. 25th, 1915, 8:30 am on a rainy, dark morning the battalion fell in and marched to war.

• Three long years later, the 28th entered the Belgian village of Havre as the Armistice was announced and fighting stopped at 11:00 am on Nov. 11th, 1918.

• Private George L. Price of “A” Coy was shot by a sniper and died at 10:58 am on November 11th. He was the last Allied fatal casualty of World War I.

• The 28th was officially disbanded on June 1st, 1919.• During it’s brief 5 year history, the Battalion sustained

6,000 casualties, of which 922 which were fatal.

The 28th (Northwest) Battalion, Canadian Expeditionary Force

(CEF)• Battle Honours earned by the 28th

(Northwest) battalion CEF. • The honours in red may be

emblazoned on the Regimental Colours. Since Rifle regiments do not carry colours, the battle honours are inscribed on the regimental badge and drums.

-Mount Sorrel - Somme,1916,'18 - Flers-Courcelette – Thiepval Ridge - Ancre Heights - Arras,1917,'18 - Vimy,1917 - Scarpe,1917,'18 - Hill 70 - Ypres, 1917 – Passchendaele – Amiens - Drocourt-Queant Line - Hindenburg Line - Canal du Nord - Cambrai,1918 - Pursuit to Mons - FRANCE AND FLANDERS, 1915-18

In 1926, the 28th Battalion Association built its own memorial statue on the Legislative Grounds.

Cap badge, the 28th (Northwest) Battalion, CEF

Other Battalions formed in Regina during World War I

• When World War I began in 1914 and the 28th Battalion was being organized, the 95th Saskatchewan Rifles continued to contribute to the war effort by recruiting for other overseas battalions including:

1) The 68th Battalion (Overseas Battalion Regina)

2) The 195th (City of Regina)

3) The 249th Battalion

The South Saskatchewan Regiment

• On March 15, 1920, the 95th Saskatchewan Rifles (Regina) was amalgamated with the 60th Rifles of Canada (Moose Jaw) and redesignated the South Saskatchewan Regiment (SSR).

• The 1st battalion of the SSR was located in Regina and perpetuates the 28th Battalion (Northwest).

• On May 15, 1924, the South Saskatchewan Regiment was reorganized into five regiments, the Regina Rifle Regiment, the Assiniboia Regiment, the South Saskatchewan Regiment, the Weyburn Regiment, and the Saskatchewan Border Regiment.

The South Saskatchewan Regiment

• On 19 August 1942, the South Saskatchewan Regiment took part in an operation that has not been forgotten, the Dieppe Raid. Brave soldiers from the Regiment pushed over the beach at Dieppe in the dim light of the early morning and entered the small village of Pourville, believing that surprise had been achieved. However, the Germans had detected the raid and the South Saskatchewan Regiment was met with heavy gun fire by the enemy. By the end of the Dieppe Raid the South Saskatchewan Regiment had suffered 84 casualties.

• Lieutenant-Colonel of the South Saskatchewan Regiment, Charles Cecil Ingersoll Merritt, was awarded the Victoria Cross for gallantry and inspiring leadership during the Dieppe Raid. From Dieppe, the troops moved into Normandy on 8 July 1944 as a unit of the 6th Infantry Brigade, 2nd Canadian Infantry Division. They were stationed there until the end of the war and were disbanded on 15 December 1945.

The Regina Rifle Regiment•The Regina Rifle Regiment

was created from the 1st and 6th Battalions of the South Saskatchewan Regiment on May 15th, 1924 following a major reorganization of the Canadian Militia.

•The Regina Rifle Regiment consisted of the 1st Battalion (active) and the 2nd Battalion (reserve).

•The regiment, nicknamed "The Johns" during World War II because of the high proportion of "Farmer Johns" in its ranks.

•The 1st Battalion, Regina Rifle Regiment perpetuates the 28th Battalion (Northwest) of the Canadian Expeditionary Force.

The Regina Rifle Regiment1920’s and 30’s• From 1924-1937, the training cycle of the Regiment generally

started on April 1st and ended the following March 31st.• Spring training lasted from April to June and winter training from

August to March.• During these years, the Regiment paraded from 8-10 pm on

Tuesdays and Fridays.• Lieutenant Scott Calder joined the Regiment in 1927 as acting

adjutant and later adjutant. Scott Calder is noted as one of the first, most respected and detailed recorders of unit activities.

• In the fall of 1927 construction of the Armoury began and concluded in 1929. Title of the Armoury was transferred to the Department of National Defence by the Regina Armoury Association for the amount of $1.00.

• In July of 1929, the Regiment began training at Dundurn.• The Band of the Regiment kept quite busy during these years with

regimental and district inspections, various mess dinners, church parades, etc. Officer were expected to contribute financially out of their own pockets for the upkeep of the band.

• The Regiment also had a corps of Drums and Bugles that played for all regimental parades.

The Regina Rifle Regiment 1920’s and 30’s

• 1930 marked the first year the distinctive cap badge of the Regiment was worn (complete with scarlet cloth backing) as well as the 28th Battalion (Northwest) collar badges.

• Throughout the depression years of the 1930’s the Regiment continued training, participating in various sporting events and parading to the Capitol Theatre for free entertainment and recruiting opportunities.

• One of the highlights of this era was a Royal Visit in May of 1939 by King George VI and Queen Elizabeth. The Regiment paraded 288 all ranks for this visit.

The Regina Rifle Regiment

The Second World War• As Europe moved toward total war in 1939,

detachments of the Regina Rifle Regiment were placed on active service such as guarding the Regina airport and the Armoury.

• Officers and men from the Regiment transferred to units such as the Saskatoon Light Infantry and the South Saskatchewan Regiment and went overseas as part of the 1st and 2nd Canadian Divisions which comprised the newly formed Canadian Corps.

• In 1939 there were doubts that the Regiment would be mobilized for overseas duty and may be in fact broken up to feed other units.

• Great efforts were made to hold the Regiment together, foster pride in the regiment and prepare for possible mobilization.

• By the spring of 1940, the regiment had worked hard to ensure those in command that the Rifles were fit for duty overseas.

The Regina Rifle Regiment

The Second World WarThe 2nd Battalion

•The 2nd Battalion, Regina Rifle Regiment was established on June 1st, 1940. The 2nd Battalion was part of what was known as the “Reserve Army.”

•The training of this reserve battalion was taken very seriously and the men were held accountable for attending parade nights and training exercises.

•The 2nd Battalion trained throughout the war years and actively participated in recruiting for active service and other branches of the Canadian Forces.

•The 2nd Battalion was the only formed unit of the regiment still in existence in the immediate period after WWII.

•The 2nd Battalion, became known as The Regina Rifle Regiment (Reserve Force) on Nov. 30th, 1947.

The 3rd Battalion •The 3rd Battalion , Regina Rifle Regiment was mobilized in Regina on May 12th, 1942 for service on Vancouver Island in the defence of the west coast of Canada against perceived threat of attack by Japan.

•The Battalion trained hard on Vancouver Island to prepare for the task of protecting the gun emplacements of the coastal batteries in the area.

•The Battalion was designated the 2nd Airfield Defence Battalion (The Regina Rifle Regiment) in August of 1943 and was disbanded in November of 1943.

The 4th Battalion•The 4th Battalion, Regina Rifle Regiment was mobilized on June 1st, 1945 for service in the occupation force of Germany.

•The Battalion carried out such duties as processing German “disarmed enemy forces” and training the Dutch army in carrier driving, maintenance and mortar firing.

•By March of 1946, the activities of the occupation force were winding down and the Battalion was disbanded on April 4th, 1946 in England.

The Regina Rifle Regiment

The 1st Battalion - The Second World War•The 1st Battalion , Regina Rifle Regiment was raised from three

Saskatchewan communities: Regina, Prince Albert and North Battleford.•June 3rd, 1940, the Officers of the Battalion met in the officers’ mess in Regina and tossed a coin for the selection of companies.•A and C went to Regina, B Company to Prince Albert and D Company to North Battleford.•July of 1940, the Battalion trained in Dundurn and moved to Debert, Nova Scotia in September. •At Debert, Nova Scotia, the battalion became part of the 7th Brigade, 3rd Division.•The Regina Rifle Regiment along with the Royal Winnipeg Rifles and the Canadian Scottish Regiment (Victoria) made up the Infantry component of the Brigade. •Throughout 1940-41, the Regiment endured the routine of camp life and close working relationships grew between the battalions of the Brigade.•August 24th, 1941, the 1st Battalion left for the United Kingdom.

The Regina Rifle Regiment

The 1st Battalion - The Second World War

• The Battalion landed in Scotland in September of 1941 and spent the remainder of the year training and being employed in their new task; defending the southern coast of England against invasion.

• Anti-invasion exercises were practiced in 1942 and coastal defence continued.

• In 1942-43, the training of the 7th Brigade began to shift it’s training focus from defensive to offensive strategies.

• In 1943, Lieutenant-Colonel F.M. Matheson took command of the battalion.

• Also in 1943, planning for Operation OVERLORD (D-Day) began in full and the Battalion was chosen as one of the assault battalions.

• Realistic, demanding training continued into the spring of 1944.

• By the end of May, 1944, all battle preparation was complete and one of the largest invasions in history was only days away.

• On June 6th, 1944, at 0805 hours, the Regina Rifle Regiment went into battle for the 1st time when “A” Company landed on Normandy Beach.

The Regina Rifle Regiment

The 1st Battalion - The Second World War

• From D-Day, the regiment carried on through northwest Europe and distinguished itself in France, Belgium and the Netherlands at such places as the Abbaye d’Ardenne, Caen, Falaise, the Leopold Canal and Moyland Wood.

• From June 6th, 1944 – May 5th, 1945 – The 1st Battalion suffered 1,831 casualties – fatalities and wounded. Fatalities totalled 463.

Personnel of the Regina Rifles preparing to attack enemy in Moyland Wood near Calcar, Germany, 16 February 1945.

The Regina Rifle Regiment

The 1st Battalion - The Second World War• On December 22nd, 1945, the Battalion began it’s journey

back to Canada.

• The men made it home for an all-ranks New Year`s Eve Dance at the Grain Show Building and then were given 30 days leave.

• The 1st Battalion, Regina Rifle Regiment was formally disbanded on January 15th, 1946.

• Upon discharge, each veteran received:1) $100.00 for civilian clothes2) $7.50 for each 30 days of service – War Service Gratuity3) $.25 was given for each day spent overseas4) 1 week’s pay for each six months service outside of the country

The Regina Rifle Regiment

Battle Honours (20) – World War IIBattle Honours earned by 1st Battalion, Regina Rifle Regiment (Canadian Active Service Force). The honours in red may be emblazoned on the Regimental Colours. Since Rifle regiments do not carry colours, the battle honours are inscribed on the regimental badge and drums.

Normandy Landing - The Scheldt - Bretteville-L'Orgevulleuse - Leopold Canal - Caen - Breskens Pocket - The Orne - The Rhineland - Bourguebus Ridge - Waal Flats - Fauboug de Vaucelles – Moyland Wood - Falaise - The Rhine - The Laison - Emmerich-Hoch Elten - The Seine, 1944 - Deventer - Calais, 1944 - North-West Europe, 1944-1945

Courseulles-sur-Mer - 2009

The Regina Rifle Regiment

after World War II•Following the war, the reserve battalion (2nd) carried on the Regiment's name and traditions.•In 1951, the Regiment raised D Company of the 1st Canadian Rifle Battalion, 27th Brigade, for service with NATO forces in Germany. •A second company was raised to became part of the Queen’s Own Rifles of Canada, which served in the Commonwealth Division during the Korean War.• In 1982, the Regiment was granted the title “Royal” by Her Majesty The Queen, in recognition of its distinguished history and was re -named The Royal Regina Rifles. •The official rebadging parade where the new badge was presented to all ranks took place on June 5th, 1991.• At the same time, Her Majesty appointed Her Royal Highness The Princess Anne – now The Princess Royal – as Colonel-in-Chief of the Regiment.•Since the authorization of the 95th Regiment in 1905, it is estimated that some 25,000 soldiers have served in the Royal Regina Rifles.•Members of the Royal Regina Rifles have served in various overseas missions in Cyprus, the Golan Heights, Croatia, Bosnia, and Afghanistan.

Armorial description of the Royal Regina Rifles

A Maltese Cross surmounted by a bar bearing the word CANADA with the Crown above

Superimposed upon the cross an annulus inscribed THE ROYAL REGINA RIFLES.

On a shield within the annulus, the arms of the City of Regina (on the upper half a buffalo, on the lower half a sheaf of wheat)The arms of the cross inscribed with battle honours of the regiment selected to be borne on the badge.

Op. Harmony – ROTO 4 - CroatiaApril - October 1994

UNPROFOR

Marine Corps helicopters flying over “Tent City”

29 Palms California

2 Section / 9 Platoon / “C” COY

Entering the Zone of Separation (ZOS)

UN Observation Post (O.P.)

Sierra Charlie 42

Moving into “SC-42”

The town located behind “SC-42”had over 30,000 mines and traps.

Standing on the roof of “SC-42”

Charlie Company HQ

Otherwise known as…

““KAMP KRUSTY”KAMP KRUSTY”

Slovakian mine roller.

Thanks for listening tonight and please do not hesitate to call or email anytime with questions.

Future lectures will focus on specific battle honours as well as the soldiers of the Royal Regina Rifles.

Questions?

Feedback?

Bibliography• Luxton, E.C. with Baird, J.G., Rouatt, C.E. and Tubb, C.S.T.

1st Battalion The Regina Rifle Regiment 1939-1946 (The Regina Rifles Association, 1946).

• Mein, Stewart A.G. Up The Johns! The Story of The Royal Regina Rifles (The Senate of The Royal Regina Rifles, 1992)

• Brown, D. Gordon DSO, MID, NBL and Copp, Terry Look To Your Front ... Regina Rifles: A Regiment at War 1944-45 (Laurier Centre for Military Strategic and Disarmament Studies, 2001)