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The Role of Universities in the
Current Economy
Dr Graeme Reid
KE Scotland Conference 5 October 2012
Global Average GDP per Capita
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000
Years
Inte
rnat
ion
al D
olla
rs (
PP
P)
Source: J. Bradford De Long Estimates of World GDP, One Million B.C. – Present (1998)
Global Average GDP per Capita
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000
Years
Inte
rnat
ion
al D
olla
rs (
PP
P)
Source: J. Bradford De Long Estimates of World GDP, One Million B.C. – Present (1998)
Recessions
Source: National Institute of Economic and Social Research, 2012
Increasing competition
Source: World Bank, PWC model estimates for 2050
1980 rank GDP at PPP* 2009 rank GDP at PPP* 2050 rank
Projected
GDP at
PPP*
1 US $5,796bn 1 US $14,256bn 1 China $59,475bn
2 Japan $2,193bn 2 China $8,888bn 2 India $43,180bn
3 Germany $1,633bn 3 Japan $4,138bn 3 US $37,876bn
4 France $1,118bn 4 India $3,752bn 4 Brazil $9,762bn
5 Italy $1,062bn 5 Germany $2,984bn 5 Japan $7,664bn
6 UK $979bn 6 Russia $2,687bn 6 Russia $7,559bn
7 Brazil $921bn 7 UK $2,257bn 7 Mexico $6,682bn
8 Mexico $704bn 8 France $2,172bn 8 Indonesia $6,205bn
9 India $615bn 9 Brazil $2,020bn 9 Germany $5,707bn
10 Spain $575bn 10 Italy $1,922bn 10 UK $5,628bn
11 Canada $567bn 11 Mexico $1,540bn 11 France $5,344bn
12 China $514bn 12 Spain $1,496bn 12 Turkey $5,298bn
“In the future we will not be able to compete on the world stage with low labour costs or by exploiting vast reserves of mineral resources. We will have to compete with our brains and with our science.”
Sir Paul Nurse ‘The New Enlightenment’
Richard Dimbleby Lecture
February 2012
The role of science and innovation
“because it's not always profitable for companies to invest in basic research, throughout history our government has provided cutting-edge scientists and inventors with the support that they need…..Just think of all the good jobs – from manufacturing to retail that have come from those breakthroughs”
President Barack Obama
State of the Union address
2011
The role of science and innovation
“Globally, science and
technology are also crucial for
overcoming the financial crisis
and ensuring stable, balanced
and sustainable economic
development.’’
Wen Jiabao Premier of the People's Republic of China
Royal Society, June 2011
“Nowadays universities are invested with more
significance in generating growth than ever before
in our history”
George Osborne
Imperial College
May 2012
HM Treasury
Institute for Fiscal Studies
Returns to public investment in science are high, but UK
investment in R&D is well behind international competitors.
World Economic Forum
The UK is now ranked 2nd in the world,
ahead of the US, for university-industry
collaboration in R&D
WEF: The Global
Competitiveness
Report 2012–2013
ESA Harwell Centre
Business Incubation Centre opened
December 2010
CERN-STFC Business Incubation Centre
• Enables businesses to translate technologies developed
at CERN into companies in the UK
Fraunhofer Centre for Applied Photonics
Abertay Centre for Computer Games
• industry-designed postgraduate courses
• video game development competition
Scottish Carbon Capture and Storage
Largest carbon capture
and storage research
grouping in the UK.
Partnership of the
British Geological Survey,
Edinburgh and Heriot-Watt
Universities.
Aberdeen KTP Centre
KTP to develop Aberdeen Harbour Board’s environmental
management into a digital system.
Challenges for the KE community
• What do the REF and Research Council Impact
agenda mean for the future of KE?
• What is the role of university KE in local
economies?
• What are the best incentives and rewards for KE
professionals? Who should set them?