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Theodore Roosevelt-NYRobert Lafollete-WISWoodrow Wilson-NJ
Privacy at the ballot box ensures that citizens can cast votes without party bosses knowing how they voted.
Allows voters to petition state legislatures in order to consider a bill desired by citizens.
Allows voters to decide if a bill or proposed amendment should be passed.
Allows voters to petition to have an elected representative removed from office.
Ensures that voters select candidates to run for office, rather than party bosses.
Passed important legislation:
Secret ballotInitiativeReferendumRecallDirect primary
What were the effects of progressivism in the national government in the early
1900s? PART 1: THE FIRST PROGRESSIVE PRESIDENT
Theodore (Teddy) RooseveltBackground:• Popular progressive politician that
becomes McKinley’s VP 1900• Began his political career as NY governor
1989• Spanish American War hero
The 3 C’s of his Square Deal
1st = Control Corporations• accepted big
business, vital to a country’s economic growth.
• But companies should act responsibly.
• TR known as the
“Trust Buster”
• Took on railroads with the Elkins Act and Hepburn Act for fair pricing
• Elkins Act- forbid shippers from receiving rebates for their business.
• Hepburn Act- ICC was authorized to set rates on all railroads.
• First president to mediate between owners and labor in the Coal miners’ strike of 1902
• Roosevelt urged them to accept arbitration, which is get a third party to settle dispute.
• Mine owners refused, TR threatened to take mines. Owners backed down
• President stepped in for the interest of the workers and the public.
2nd = Consumer protection
• Unchecked business created dangers for consumers
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hdr5sxbh_CU
What is the problem with the following
products of the time?
• after The Jungle, TR gets passed the: Pure Food and Drug Act Meat Inspection Act
Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
3rd = Conservation of natural resources
President Theodore Roosevelt and John Muir had long talks about conservation while traveling together. In 1903, visited Muir in California’s Sierra Mountains (Yosemite) there, they laid the foundation of Roosevelt's conservation programs.
• Expanded national parks and forests
After he became President in 1901, Roosevelt used his authority to protect wildlife and public lands by creating the U.S. Forest Service and establishing 51 Federal Bird Reservations, 4 National Game Preserves, 150 National Forests, 5 National Parks, During his presidency,Theodore Roosevelt protected approximately 230,000,000 acres of public land. Also passes the Newlands Reclamation Act, money from public land sales will go to repair damaged land to make productive again through irrigation systems.
How would you describe William Howard Taft based on the cartoons seen here?
“Teddy Had a Little Lamb”
Some progressive reforms, but overall more conservative than TR (raising taxes on imports with Payne-Aldrich Tariff)
Taft “busted” more trusts than TR (he did not distinguish between “good” and “bad” trusts), including U.S. Steel, a trust personally approved by TR & Taft fired TR’s good friend, Gifford Pinchot, who was appointed by TR as the first Chief of the United States Forest Service, for speaking out against Taft.
The bullet-damaged speech and eyeglass case.
X-Ray of Roosevelt's ribcage showing the bullet at lower left.
• This split Republican vote, so Democrat Wilson wins
The voters’ reluctance to break the two-term precedent also hurt TR’s chances of winning.
map of the 12 Federal Reserve Districts and the cities where each bank is located
o the Federal Reserve System to control the economy (setting interest rates, supervising banks)
o Clayton Antitrust Act so that there is a more clear law making trusts illegal
The Sherman Anti-Trust Act left a lot of room for interpretation in the law because it was vaguely
worded.