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The Power of Meta:
Vocabulary Booster
Karen Dudek-Brannan, Ed.D. CCC-SLP
© 2016 Karen Dudek-Brannan http://www.drkarenspeech.com
Table of Contents
Meta Definitions Rating Scale 2 Use this rating scale to measure oral defining skills.
Can be used with curricular vocabulary
Provides deep understanding of oral vocabulary and definition syntax
Noun Definition Syntax Template 4 Use this protocol to build word knowledge and metalinguistic awareness
of the syntactic structure of nouns definitions
These easy-to-use reproducible templates can be reused as often as needed with words appropriate to your students’ needs
Tier 2 Nouns Flash Cards 9 Save time with these Tier 2 nouns flash cards organized for you by grade
level (K-5)
Perfect to use as target words when teaching definition syntax
Strategically selected to ensure you are building vocabulary that will increase understanding of more difficult academic vocabulary
Bonus 1: Orthographic Awareness Booster 28 Boost your students’ vocabulary knowledge by adding an emphasis on
orthography.
Perfect as a supplemental activity when targeting word definitions
Bonus 2: Supplemental Resources 30 Use these resources and articles focused on orthography, phonological
awareness, Tier 2 word selection to get the most out of your therapy time.
The Power of Meta: Vocabulary Booster
Page 1
© 2016 Karen Dudek-Brannan http://www.drkarenspeech.com
Meta Definitions for Nouns Rating Scale
Instructions This template was designed to be used as a word knowledge rating scale. To be completed by a teacher or clinician. Use this template to document students’ knowledge of words before, after, and during vocabulary instruction or intervention. Discuss the ratings with students’ awareness of their own word knowledge and ability to improve with practice, in addition to measuring their improvement. *Optional-Have students complete their own ratings and compare to examiner’s ratings.
Data Collection Procedures: Ask students if they know words, and to define words. Probing and follow up questions may vary depending on student’s level of word knowledge.
Coding Key 1-Never heard of the word
Student shows no understanding or indication of prior exposure to word when asked what it means.
2-Heard the word but don’t know what it means
Student indicates they’ve heard of the word, but when asked what it means are unable to explain it. When presented with multiple definition choices, they are unable to identify the correct definition.
3-Know what the word means and can identify its definition
Student is unable to explain a meaning of the word, but is able to give identify its definition when given multiple choices (can be presented in verbal or written format). *Always ask the student to define the word before presenting multiple choices. Present multiple choices for student AFTER you have determined that the student is unable to define the word.
4-Know what the word means and can provide semantic attributes
Student can provide examples of word use, describe and basic semantic features (e.g., physical attributes, function, location), but cannot provide an explicit definition with categorical information.
5-Can explicitly define the word
Student can provide a correct definition using appropriate vocabulary and definition format. Categorical information is required (e.g., “It’s a kind of____.”)
*This is not a norm-referenced tool. Reliability and validity have not yet been established for this scale. It is based
on theories that suggest we learn words in stages (Beck, Mckeown, & Omanson, 1987; Dale & O’Rourke, 1986).
Beck, I. Mckeown, M. & Omanson, R. (1987). The effects and uses of diverse vocabulary instruction techniques. In
M. Mckeown and M.E. Curtis (Eds.), The nature of vocabulary acquisition (pp 147-163). Hillsdale NJ:
Erlbaum.
Dale, E., & O’Rourke, J. (1976). The living word vocabulary. Chicago, IL. Field Enterprises.
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© 2016 Karen Dudek-Brannan http://www.drkarenspeech.com
The Power of Meta: Vocabulary Booster-Rating Scale
Student Name:_______________________________ Date:_________________
Target Word Ratings
1-Never heard the word
2-Heard the word but don’t know what it means
3-Know what the word means and can identify its definition
4-Know what the word means and can provide semantic attributes
5-Can explicitly define the word
Page 3
© 2016 Karen Dudek-Brannan http://www.drkarenspeech.com
The Power of Meta: Vocabulary Booster-Rating Scale
Noun Definition Syntax Templates
Quick Rules
Use the following templates on pages 5-8 to model and teach definitions of nouns. You
can use them as printable worksheets or laminate them for repeated use.
This format can be used for many different nouns, from common objects to complex curricular vocabulary.
Use of articles (e.g., a, an, the) and relative pronouns (e.g., which, who, that) may vary depending on context.
Category may be a phrase (e.g., “a kind/type of animal”) or individual word (e.g., “animal).
Use these subtle variations in syntactic structure to as learning opportunities teach flexible language use.
Other more detailed variations to this definition format exist.
This format is not typically used for defining adjectives and verbs.
Encourage students to add multiple clauses with additional semantic information (e.g., “An apple is a fruit that can be green, red, or yellow, grows on a tree, has seeds and skin, and can be used to make juice or pie.”).
Use this grammatical structure when defining singular nouns (pages 5-6): Article + Target Word + Copula Verb + Article + Category + Relative Clause/Clauses with Additional Semantic Information. Here is the quick formula: “An X is a Y that Z.” Examples: “A dog is an animal that barks and has fur. “A veterinarian is a kind of doctor who takes care of animals.” Use this grammatical structure when defining plural nouns (pages 7-8): Target Word + Copula Verb + Category + Relative Clause/Clauses with Additional Semantic Information. Here is the quick formula: “X are Y that Z.”
Examples: “Earrings are pieces of jewelry that you wear in your ears.” “Cars are vehicles that you can drive and have engines.”
The Power of Meta: Vocabulary Booster-Syntax Templates
Page 4
© 2016 Karen Dudek-Brannan http://www.drkarenspeech.com
A_____________ is a _____________________ (target word) (category)
that____________________________________ (additional details such as function, appearance, composition, associations)
_______________________________________.
Page 4
The Power of Meta: Vocabulary Booster-Syntax Templates
Page 5
© 2016 Karen Dudek-Brannan http://www.drkarenspeech.com
A _____________ is a ____________________ (target word) (category)
who___________________________________ (additional details such as function, appearance, composition, associations)
_______________________________________.
The Power of Meta: Vocabulary Booster-Syntax Templates
Page 6
© 2016 Karen Dudek-Brannan http://www.drkarenspeech.com
_____________ are ______________________ (target word) (category)
that____________________________________ (additional details such as function, appearance, composition, associations)
_______________________________________.
The Power of Meta: Vocabulary Booster-Syntax Templates
Page 7
© 2016 Karen Dudek-Brannan http://www.drkarenspeech.com
_____________ are ______________________ (target word) (category)
who___________________________________ (additional details such as function, appearance, composition, associations)
_______________________________________.
The Power of Meta: Vocabulary Booster-Syntax Templates
Page 8
© 2016 Karen Dudek-Brannan http://www.drkarenspeech.com
Tier 2 Nouns Flash Cards
These word lists contain Tier 2 nouns from curricular materials and word lists organized by grade level.
You will notice that there are some words duplicated from one grade level to another; this is because certain vocabulary is appropriate for more than one grade level.
These lists can give you guidelines for what is appropriate for each grade; yet there is still flexibility within this system regarding what words you target with what grade.
Some of these nouns may also have other functions, such as verbs, depending on the context of use. You can use the noun definition syntax template when teaching the meaning when the word functions as a noun, but may also want to discuss other meanings of the words as well if appropriate.
You’ll notice that these words are much more difficult to define using the definition templates than the basic examples given in the noun definition syntax template instructions on page 4. Here are some examples of how to categorize and describe several of these challenging Tier 2 words using the syntactic structure in the template:
o Suggestion: A suggestion is an idea or plan (category) someone may recommend (function). o Invitation: An invitation is a request (category) that involves asking someone to go somewhere or
do something (function), like a birthday party or other event (association). o Dozen: A dozen is a set of twelve (category), like a group of eggs (association). o Atmosphere: The atmosphere is a blanket of gas (category) that surrounds a planet (function and
association).
The Power of Meta: Vocabulary Booster- Tier 2 Nouns Flash Cards
Page 9
© 2016 Karen Dudek-Brannan http://www.drkarenspeech.com
Attention
Consequence
Curve
Direction
Feast
Leader
Problem
Suggestion
The Power of Meta: Vocabulary Booster-Tier 2 Kindergarten Nouns Flash Cards
Page 10
© 2016 Karen Dudek-Brannan http://www.drkarenspeech.com
Surprise
Opposite
Autumn
Decision
Dentist
Firefly
Shade
Shrub
The Power of Meta: Vocabulary Booster-Tier 2 Kindergarten Nouns Flash Cards
Page 11
© 2016 Karen Dudek-Brannan http://www.drkarenspeech.com
Winter
Museum
Invitation
President
Yesterday
Pilot
Trunk
Supplies
The Power of Meta: Vocabulary Booster-Tier 2 Kindergarten Nouns Flash Cards
Page 12
© 2016 Karen Dudek-Brannan http://www.drkarenspeech.com
Alarm
Appetite
Applause
Champion
Conductor
Illustrator
Mountain
Season
The Power of Meta: Vocabulary Booster-Tier 2 First Grade Nouns Flash Cards
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© 2016 Karen Dudek-Brannan http://www.drkarenspeech.com
Passenger
Attention
Hobby
Thunder
Feast
Tomorrow
Transportation
Atmosphere
The Power of Meta: Vocabulary Booster-Tier 2 First Grade Nouns Flash Cards
Page 14
© 2016 Karen Dudek-Brannan http://www.drkarenspeech.com
Question
Warning
Suggestion
Author
Moisture
Outcome
Wisdom
Symbol
The Power of Meta: Vocabulary Booster-Tier 2 First Grade Nouns Flash Cards
Page 15
© 2016 Karen Dudek-Brannan http://www.drkarenspeech.com
Community
Conclusion
Cooperation
Opinion
Diagram
Connection
Detail
Records
The Power of Meta: Vocabulary Booster-Tier 2 Second Grade Nouns Flash Cards
Page 16
© 2016 Karen Dudek-Brannan http://www.drkarenspeech.com
Sum
Cause
Plan
Flock
Shelter
Telescope
Career
Team
The Power of Meta: Vocabulary Booster-Tier 2 Second Grade Nouns Flash Cards
Page 17
© 2016 Karen Dudek-Brannan http://www.drkarenspeech.com
Crowd
Motor
Dozen
Fuel
Footprint
Batch
Heap
Pattern
The Power of Meta: Vocabulary Booster-Tier 2 Second Grade Nouns Flash Cards
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© 2016 Karen Dudek-Brannan http://www.drkarenspeech.com
Ability
Privilege
Process
Predator
Schedule
Solution
Climate
Vehicle
The Power of Meta: Vocabulary Booster-Tier 2 Third Grade Nouns Flash Cards
Page 19
© 2016 Karen Dudek-Brannan http://www.drkarenspeech.com
Continent
Individual
Globe
Disease
Signal
Region
Pastime
Journey
The Power of Meta: Vocabulary Booster-Tier 2 Third Grade Nouns Flash Cards
Page 20
© 2016 Karen Dudek-Brannan http://www.drkarenspeech.com
Device
Advantage
Volunteer
Coast
Enemy
Planet
Proof
Scholar
The Power of Meta: Vocabulary Booster-Tier 2 Third Grade Nouns Flash Cards
Page 21
© 2016 Karen Dudek-Brannan http://www.drkarenspeech.com
Experience
Tradition
Adaptation
Baggage
Column
Disaster
Orchard
Threat
The Power of Meta: Vocabulary Booster- Tier 3 Fourth Grade Nouns Flash Cards
Page 22
© 2016 Karen Dudek-Brannan http://www.drkarenspeech.com
1
Capital
Frontier
Passage
Arena
Reason
Example
Evidence
Deposit
The Power of Meta: Vocabulary Booster-Tier 2 Fourth Grade Nouns Flash Cards
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© 2016 Karen Dudek-Brannan http://www.drkarenspeech.com
Address
Variety
Request
Experiment
Portion
Entrance
Benefit
Response
The Power of Meta: Vocabulary Booster-Tier 2 Fourth Grade Nouns Flash Cards
Page 24
© 2016 Karen Dudek-Brannan http://www.drkarenspeech.com
Culture
Decade
Antonym
Synonym
Avalanche
Blizzard
Beverage
Strategy
The Power of Meta: Vocabulary Booster-Tier 2 Fifth Grade Nouns Flash Cards
Page 25
© 2016 Karen Dudek-Brannan http://www.drkarenspeech.com
Route
Talon
Wilderness
Protagonist
Argument
Source
Gist
Character
The Power of Meta: Vocabulary Booster-Tier 2 Fifth Grade Nouns Flash Cards
Page 26
© 2016 Karen Dudek-Brannan http://www.drkarenspeech.com
Solo
Summit
Context
Compassion
Document
Occasion
Challenge
Culture
The Power of Meta: Vocabulary Booster-Tier 2 Fifth Grade Nouns Flash Cards
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© 2016 Karen Dudek-Brannan http://www.drkarenspeech.com
Orthographic Awareness Booster
Instructions
Step 1: Say the sounds. Say the word and have students segment the individual sounds. For example, if
you say “steak”, the students would say “s…t…ea…k.” Step 2: Say the sounds and write the word/words with help. Draw lines to represent each phoneme in the word. Then help the students write the letters that go with each individual phoneme while vocalizing the sounds.
For the word “steak/stake”, the clinician should write this: __ __ ____ __ and/or __ __ __ ____ Then the students would fill in the lines like this:
S t ea k and/or s t a ke Note that lines represent individual phonemes, and lines are made longer when multiple letters correspond with one phoneme. This activity can be completed with individual words that have one spelling, or can be done with multiple words that sound the same but have different spellings/meanings (e.g., steak/steak). Step 3: Write the word/words again by yourself. Use this line to have the students write words again without the lines to cue them, while vocalizing the sounds as they write.
Step 4: Use the word/words in a sentence. Use these lines to have students write a sentence or sentences with the target word or words. You will have a separate sentence for each word if you are targeting homophones, and may have only one sentence if you are targeting words with one spelling. Step 5: Draw pictures of your sentence/sentences. Use the remaining space to draw pictures of your sentence or sentences. *Use the worksheet on the next page as a printable worksheet for completing this activity.
The Power of Meta: Vocabulary Booster-Orthographic Awareness
Page 28
© 2016 Karen Dudek-Brannan http://www.drkarenspeech.com
Orthographic Awareness Booster Worksheet
Step 1: Say the sounds. Step 2: Say the sounds and write the word/words with help.
Step 3: Write the word/words again by yourself. _____________________________________________________________________________ Step 4: Use the word/words in a sentence. _____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
Step 5: Draw a picture of your sentence/sentences.
The Power of Meta: Vocabulary Booster-Orthographic Awareness
Page 29
© 2016 Karen Dudek-Brannan http://www.drkarenspeech.com
Supplemental Resources
Selecting Target Words:
Choosing target words to target during speech therapy can be a challenging
process. For more information about how to choose words that will yield the
greatest benefits for your students, read:
Are you an SLP working on vocabulary? If so, read this first.
Want more Tier 2 flashcards? Follow my Tier 2 Word of the Day board, which will
have a new Tier 2 word for each day in March 2016 while I ran this challenge. Each
word includes a visual and corresponding sentence:
Pinterest Tier 2 Word of the Day-March 2016
And if you prefer these words all on one page, you can also view the words of the
day here:
Tier 2 Word of the Day
For more information on incorporating phonological and orthographic
awareness in to your sessions view:
Attention SLPs: You are the missing link to creating better spellers
The Seven Deadly Sins of Phonological Awareness
Seven Deadly Sins of Phonological Awareness Volume 2: Blends and Digraphs
Definition templates for targeting verbs and adjectives are now available. You
can download them here:
Language Tools for Syntax/Semantics
The Power of Meta: Vocabulary Booster-Supplement
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© 2016 Karen Dudek-Brannan http://www.drkarenspeech.com