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The Plantation South
EQ: How did cotton affect the social and economic life of the South?
How did Americans moving west intensify the debate over slavery?
The Life of a Slave
Based on the movie clip jot down information describing the plantation South and the life of a slave.
What is your plan to convince the south to end slavery?
Early Emancipation in the North
Early Emancipation in the North
The Cotton Kingdom
Even though the North became industrialized, the South remained rural
Boom in textiles increased demand for cotton and cotton gin made it even more profitable
Cotton became greatest source of wealth for all U.S.From 1790-1820 cotton production
increased ten-foldFrom 1790-1860 the number of slaves
went from 698,000 to 4 million
Changes in Cotton Production
Changes in Cotton Production
1820
1860
Value of Cotton Exports As % of All US Exports
Value of Cotton Exports As % of All US Exports
“Cotton Kingdom” – Area were owners of large plantation dominated society and lived in luxury
Southern Society (1850)
Southern Society (1850)“Slavocracy”
[plantation owners]
The “Plain Folk”[white yeoman farmers]
6,000,000
Black Freemen
Black Slaves3,200,000
250,000
Total US Population 23,000,000[9,250,000 in the South = 40%]
Southern PopulationSouthern Population
Slave-Owning Population (1850)
Slave-Owning Population (1850)
AF AM in the South
Restrictions on Free AF AMAbout 6% of AF AM in South were freeLaws restricted their lives
Excluded from all but lowest jobs, barred from public education, could not vote, serve on juries, or testify
Were restricted from travelingOften kidnapped and sold into slavery
AF AM in the South
Life Under SlaverySlave Codes controlled
all aspects of slave lives Slaves legally
considered property rather than humans
Majority did heavy labor all day in fields with overseer giving punishment for offenses
Slave MasterBrands
Slave muzzle
Slave tag, SCSlave leg irons
Slave shoes
AF AM in the South
Others were skilled workers, housekeepers, butlers, nannies, etc.
Families were often broken apart through sales
Illegal to import enslaved Africans to U.S. after 1808
Customs passed down through the generations
Blended Biblical themes with realities of slavery to compose spirituals
Resistance to Slavery
Many showed resistance through disobedience or breaking equipment
Others fled to North
Quilt Patterns as Secret Messages
Quilt Patterns as Secret Messages
The Monkey Wrench pattern, on the left, alerted escapees to gather up tools and prepare to flee; the Drunkard Path design, on the right, warned escapees not to follow a straight route.
Resistance to Slavery
Most famous slave revolt led by Nat Turner in 1831Killed about 60 whitesMany innocent AF AM killed in reprisal
Life of a Slave: Your Homework
Document A: Henry Clay BruceDocument B: William WellsDocument C: Cornella (slave lady) & Mrs. Ann
Tanner
Crash Course in History: Slavery
Please answer the questions to the Crash Course in History: Slavery summary.
This will serve as a quiz grade; please do not share answers or your paper will be taken from you and you will receive a “0”.
Enjoy!Link to Crash Course in History: Slavery
The Extension of Slavery
Slave and Free StatesIn 1819 nation had a balance of 11 ‘free states’
and 11 ‘slave states’Missouri sought admission to the Union as a ‘slave
state’Northerners were against this because
Would spread slaveryWould make the South more powerful than the North
The Extension of Slavery
The Missouri CompromiseMaine applied for admission as a free state which
would balance the numberMissouri Compromise
Proposed by Henry ClayPermitted Maine admitted as free and Missouri as slaveProvided everything new territory north of the southern
edge of Missouri be admitted as freeGave slave owners right to pursue escaped slaves in
“free” states
The Extension of Slavery
Continuing ProblemSoutherners angry that the Congress had given
itself the power to make laws regarding slaveryNortherners angry that slavery was extended into
another state